液壓站及液壓元件發(fā)展概況

PAGEPAGE8HydraulicStationandthedevelopmentofhydrauliccomponentsProfilesHydraulicPumpStationalsoknownasthestationsareindependenth-ydraulicdevice.Itrequestedbytheoilgradually.Andcontrollingthehydraulicoilflowdirection,pressureandflowrate,appliedtothemainframeandhy-draulicdevicesseparabilityofhydraulicmachinery.Userswillbeprovidedafterthepurchasehydraulicstationandhostofimplementingagencies(motoroilorfueltanks)connectedwithtubing,Hydraulicmachinerycanberealizedfromthesemovementsandtheworkcycle.Hydraulicpumpstationisinstalled,Manifoldorvalvecombination,t-anks,acombinationofelectricalboxes.Functionalcomponents:Pumpdevice——isequippedwithmotorsandpumps,hydraulicstationisthesourceofpower.tomechanicalenergyintohydraulicoilpressurecanbe.Manifold——fromhydraulicvalvebodyandchannelassembled.Rightdirectionforimplementationofhydraulicoil,pressureandflowcontrol.Valveportfolio——platevalveisinstalledinupboardafterboardconnectswiththesamefunctionalIC.Tank——plateweldingsemi-closedcontainers,alsoloadedwithoilfilteringnetwork,airfilters,usedoil,oilfiltersandcooling.Electricalboxes——atthetwopatterns.Asetofexternalfuseterminalplate;distributionofafullrangeofelectricalcontrol.HydraulicStationprinciple:motordrivenpumprotation,whichpumpoilabsorptionfromtheoiltank.tomechanicalenergyintohydraulicpressuretothestation,hydraulicoilthroughManifold(orvalvecombinations)realizedthedirection,pressure,Afteradjustingflowpipeandexternaltothecylinderhydraulicmachineryormotoroil,soastocontrolthedirectionofthemotivefluidtransformationforcethesizeandspeedthepaceofpromotingthevariousactinghydraulicmachinery.AdevelopmentcourseChinaHydraulic(includinghydraulic,thesamebelow),pneumaticandsealsindustrialdevelopmentprocesscanbebroadlydividedintothreephases,namely:20early1950stotheearly1960s,theinitialstage;60'sand70forspecializedproductionsystem;80~90'sgrowthstagefortherapiddevelopmentstage.Which,hydraulicindustryintheearly1950sfromthemachinetoolindustryproductionoffakeSu-grinder,broachingmachine,copyinglathe,andotherhydraulicdrivestarted,HydraulicComponentsfromtheplanthydraulicmachineshop,self-occupied.Afterenteringthe1960s,theapplicationofhydraulictechnologyfromthemachinegraduallyextendedtotheagriculturalmachineryandmechanicalengineeringfields,attachedtotheoriginalvelocityofhydraulicshopsomestandoutaspiecesofhydraulicprofessionalproduction.Tothelate1960s,early1970s,withthedevelopmentofmechanizedproduction,especiallyinthesecondautomobilefactoryinprovidingefficient,automatedequipment,alongwiththeHydraulicComponentsmanufacturinghasexperiencedrapiddevelopmentofthesituation,agroupofSMEshavebecomeprofessionalhydraulicpartsfactory.1968China'sannualoutputofhydrauliccomponentshavenearly200,000in1973,machinetools,agriculturalmachinery,mechanicalengineeringindustries,theproductionofhydraulicpartsfactoryhasbeentheprofessionaldevelopmentofmorethan100andanannualoutputmorethanonemillion.anindependenthydraulicmanufacturingindustryhasbeguntotakeshape.Then,hydraulicpiecesoffakeproductsfromtheSovietUnionfortheintroductionoftheproductdevelopmentandtechnicaldesigncombiningtheproductstothepressure,Hypertension,andthedevelopmentoftheelectro-hydraulicservovalvesandsystems,hydraulicapplicationareasfurtherexpanded.Aerodynamicthanthestartoftheindustrialhydraulicyearslater,in1967begantoestablishprofessionalpneumaticcomponentsfactory,PneumaticComponentsonlyascommodityproductionandsales.Sealedwithrubberandplastics,mechanicalsealsandsealingflexiblegraphitesealingindustry,theearly1950sfromtheproductionordinaryO-rings.rubberandplasticsextrusion,suchasoilsealsealingandsealasbestosproductsstarttotheearly1960s,begunproductionofmechanicalsealsandflexiblegraphitesealingproducts.1970s,theburningoftheformerMinistry,aMinistry,theMinistryofAgriculturalMechanizationSystem,agroupofprofessionalproductionplantshavebeenestablished,andtheofficialestablishmentofindustriestosealindustrialdevelopmenthaslaidthefoundationforgrowth.Sincethe1980s,inthecountry'sreformandopeninguppolicyguidelines,withthedevelopmentofthemachineryindustry,basedmainframepiecesbehindtheconflictshavebecomeincreasinglyprominentandattractedtheattentionoftherelevantdepartments.Tothisend,theMinistryoftheoriginalonein1982,formedthebasisofcommonpiecesofIndustry,willbescatteredintheoriginalmachinetools,agriculturalmachinery,mechanicalengineeringindustriescentralizedhydraulic,pneumaticandsealsspecializedfactories,placingthemundercommonmanagementinfrastructurepiecesBureau,sothattheindustryintheplanning,investment,technologyandscientificresearchanddevelopmentinareassuchasinfrastructurepiecesBureauofguidanceandsupport.Sincethenenteredaphaseofrapiddevelopment,hasintroducedmorethan60itemsofadvancedtechnologyfromabroad,includingmorethan40itemsofhydraulic,pneumatic7.Afterdigestionandabsorptionandtransformation,nowhavemassproduction,andindustry-leadingproducts.Inrecentyears,theindustryincreasedthetechnologicaltransformationefforts,in1991,Localenterprisesandtheself-financingtotalinputofabout20billionyuan,ofwhichmorethan1.6billionyuanHydraulic.Throughtechnologicaltransformationandtechnologyresearch,andanumberofmajorenterprisestofurtherimprovetheleveloftechnology,techniqueandequipmenttobegreatlyimproved.Inordertoformahigherstartingpoint,specialization,andrunproductionhaslaidagoodfoundation.Inrecentyears,manycountriesinthedevelopmentofcommonownershipguidelines,underdifferentownershipSMEsrapidriseshowinggreatvitality.Withthefurtheropeningup,three-fundedenterprisesrapiddevelopmentofindustrystandardsforimprovingandexpandingexportsplayanimportantrole.Today,ChinahasandtheUnitedStates,Japan,Germanyandothercountriesfamousmanufacturersjointventuresorwholly-ownedbyforeignmanufacturerstoestablishapistonpump/motor,planetaryreductiongears,steeringgear,hydrauliccontrolvalve,hydraulicsystem,hydrostatictransmission,hydraulicCasting.pneumaticcontrolvalve,cylinder,gasprocessingtriplepieces,mechanicalseals,rubberandsealproductsmorethan50productionenterprises,attractingforeigninvestmentover200millionU.S.dollars.Second,thecurrentsituation(1)BasicProfilesAfter40yearsofefforts,Chinahydraulic,pneumaticandsealingindustryhasformedarelativelycompletecategories.acertainleveloftechnicalcapacityandtheindustrialsystem.Accordingtothe1995ThirdNationalIndustrialCensusstatistics,hydraulic,Pneumaticsealsandindustrial370,000annualsalesincomeof100millionyuaninstate-owned,village-run,privateandcooperativeenterprises,individual,"threecapital"enterpriseswithatotalofmorethan1,300,ofwhichabout700hydraulic,Pneumaticsealsandtheapproximately300thousand.By1996withtheinternationaltradestatistics,thetotaloutputvalueofChina'sindustryhydraulic2.348billionyuan,accountingfortheworld's6;Pneumaticindustryoutput419millionyuan,accountingforworldNo.10.全(2)t級hecu暑rrent售supp梯lyan店ddem倚andp池rofil響es聯(lián)Throu止ghth織eint妻r(nóng)oduc拾tion丟ofte電chnol石ogy,商indep靠enden嫂tdev及elopm直enta摩ndte揚chnol席ogica螺linn鏈ovati姜on,a瞧ndhi趣gh-pr種essur外epis本tonp觸ump,衛(wèi)gear珠pumps樸,van餐epum糖p,Ge梅neral檢Moto秘rshy塑draul努icva秘lves,侵tank欠s,No紛n-lub伯ricat而edae提rodyn霜amic鍬piece蓋sand軌vari粘ouss鏡eals躺ofth宏efir顯stla果rget組echno言logy腿produ田ctsh烤asin竭creas府edno禍ticea怪bly.攻stabi窗l(fā)ity船ofth愁emas哥spro歲ducti右onma嫩y,fo丘rvar鼻ious咸mainf任rame踢produ位ctsp惰rovid挽eal液evel與ofas沉suran援ce.I辨nadd奇ition筋,hyd睜rauli莫cand間pneu斑matic慰comp員onent常sof艱theC獨ADsy嘗stem,折poll郊ution錢cont駱rol,懇propo漸rtion姐alse狠rvot踢echno驅(qū)logy讓hass慶cored竭some移achi片eveme禁nts,苗andi齒salr敗eady嫁inpr芽oduct貍ion.秩Curre挪ntly,汪hydr怒aulic英,pne恥umati格cand漠seal底spro中ducts疼tota甩labo懇ut3,陳000s盛pecie疊s,mo冊reth稈an23陣,000蠢speci敵ficat蝴ions.伴Amon糠gthe奪m,th笑erea賣re1,嬌200h因ydrau包licv面ariet帆ies,蠶more像than虛10,00忍0spe豎cific超ation邊s(in艦cludi狡nghy撈draul余icpr季oduct殺s60術(shù)varie若ties乳500s誠pecif螞icati繭ons);羨Pneu心matic賞are疤1,350責vari禍eties逮,mor勢etha擠n8,0歡00sp句ecifi輕catio請ns;R淺ubber鋤seal后350士speci掘esmo母reth股an5,退000s奸pecif針icati輝onsh壓aveb卵eenb習asica液llyc欄ater書toth祖edif酒feren透ttyp琴esof雹main踏frame毫prod遙ucts昏toth承egen勤eral攏needs奉,com蜂plete阿sets盛ofe覺quipm周entf聚orma剃jorv飽ariet膀ieso世fmat用ching壩rate聾was門over類60%,泥ands懸tarte衣das稱mall站amoun頸tof電expor育ts.頂1998孝piece抗sof趴homem浙adeh態(tài)ydrau習lico第utput荷4.8顯milli奶on.s徑ales覽ofab委out2吃8bil擊lion柿(ofw怒h(huán)ich鬼about溪70%圍mecha抖nical粱syst返ems);姿aero辛dynam疫icpi丙eces傭yield皺3.6蹦milli遼on.s燭ales魔ofab蚊out5冤.5bi惰llion瞞(of棉which防abou誘t60%盞ofm固echan撕ical番syste督ms);斯Seals維outp屯utof襲abou回t800露mill確ion.房sales員ofa賺bout催10bi巴llion線(of春which冠abou素t50%判mech演anica視lsys竭tems)嗚.Acc園ordin有g(shù)to齊theC款hina氧Hydra嬌ulic快Pneum揀atic重Seals曲Indu雄stry拉Assoc櫻iatio敏n199末8ann病ualr祖eport埋,hyd沸rauli兇cpro滔duct縣sales庸rate絮of9恩7.5%耗(101畫%for卸hydr礙aulic書),pn須eumat庸ic95吊.9%,番98.7%適seal裝ed.T諒hisf呀ully盤refle沸ctst滑heba拔sicm秒arket悅ingc庸onver賓gence顫.躍Myhy喘draul齒ic,p冊neuma溝tica教ndse湊aling睬indu惡stry廊hasa型ttain違eda抱great愉deal汁ofp頑rogre較ss,b普utwi扒thma挨infra移mede慘velop隸ment紡needs耍,and煎the伏world男'sad思vance勸dlev傘el,t橫here瘡ares暗till狂many得gaps,兼main幸lyre會flect系edin東the胸produ季ctva愚r(nóng)iety紋,per河forma閑ncea轉(zhuǎn)ndre菜liabi愉lity,功and徒soon表.Hyd伯rauli牙cpro辨ducts養(yǎng)asa蠢nexa刷mple,藥prod稿ucts鋒abroa侵donl飄yone鐵-thir慚d,li笑fefo鉆rhal江fabr量oad.泄Inor容dert榮omee乳tkey愧main淘frame館,and趟main紛frame微impo虎rtso動fmaj訂orte燃chnol義ogya董ndeq襲uipme匠ntne哈eds,柳every度year火ala贏rgen倍umber寬ofh蔽ydrau佩lic,閃pneum懲atic射ands社ealin漿gpro皆ducts婆impo御rts.叮Accor卷ding子tocu夜stoms饒stat封istic仇sand文the治analy卡siso倍fdat得a,in遣1998為hydr姐aulic供,pne截umati時cand浴seal突sin花thei渠mport搖abou育t200楊mill但ionU傘.S.d繁ollar嶺s,Hy張draul姐icwh粒icha葛bout幕1.4b扔illio壽ndol左lars,分aero悉dynam加icne以arly這030m麻illio胃nU.S辦.dol吸lars,漿seal猶edab短out0瞧30mi監(jiān)llion玉U.S.戒doll姜ars.堵compa帆redw鉛itha禾slig擋htde還cline孩in1蘭997.茄Bysu曲ms,c院urren域tlyi齡mport怨edpr招oduct醫(yī)son典thed勉omest妙icma槐rket扔share嫌ofa痰bout面30%.鑰1998預piece保sof得thed儀omest救icma揮rket燃deman錄dfor燒hydr使aulic店tota括lof練about盈six車milli贊on,t樸heto忙tals拿ales蜜ofne誦arly猴40bi百llion顫;aer濾odyna掀micp從ieces反oft臟heto各tald文emand語ofa文bout瘡5mil霸lion,鄰with總sale桿smor親etha裁n700復mill蘆iony梯uan;粉Seals者tota達ldem仍ando怒fabo到ut1.種1bil時lion.鎮(zhèn)tota掛lsal亮esof山abou難t1.3趨bill嗚ion.肢Third宅,the拾deve忠lopme上nttr蕩endo圖fthe斷futu喬re甲1,af餡fect槍thed遠evelo修pment慕oft倘hema草infa霸ctors察籠(1)p膜roduc寄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年，售在國家多種插所有制共同肝發(fā)展的方針光指引下，不拉同所有制的男中小企業(yè)迅湖猛崛起，呈?，F(xiàn)出勃勃生餓機。隨著國絲家進一步開坡放，三資企僅業(yè)迅速發(fā)展爺，對提高行致業(yè)水平和擴登大出口起著窗重要作用。榴目前我國已濁和美國、日害本、德國等辣國著名廠商浸合資或由外催國廠商獨資欄建立了柱塞逐泵/馬達、凡行星減速機愉、轉(zhuǎn)向器、扛液壓控制閥鑼、液壓系統(tǒng)培、靜液壓傳對動裝置、液追壓件鑄造、適氣動控制閥春、氣缸、氣浸源處理三聯(lián)黎件、機械密錯封、橡塑密趣封等類產(chǎn)品床生產(chǎn)企業(yè)5且0多家，引早進外資2億蛾多美元。侵姿二、目前狀水況燥桑遮(1)基本煉概況組經(jīng)過4膠0多年的努形力，我國液痛壓、氣動和青密封件行業(yè)猾已形成了一脊個門類比較域齊全，有一浙定生產(chǎn)能力貢和技術(shù)水平隸的工業(yè)體系爐。據(jù)199備5年全國第嶄三次工業(yè)普類查統(tǒng)計，我丟國液壓、氣舌動和密封件拔工業(yè)鄉(xiāng)及鄉(xiāng)您以上年銷售汁收入在10揚0萬元以上應的國營、村眨辦、私營、擴合作經(jīng)營、鳴個體、“三蹄資”等企業(yè)嬸共有130證0余家，其栽中液壓約7民00家，氣智動和密封件終各約300助余家。按1貿(mào)996年國套際同行業(yè)統(tǒng)擾計，我國液肚