2022-2023學年河南省開封市重點中學高二（下）期中英語試卷及答案解析

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學年河南省開封市重點中學高二（下）期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AHikingEnglandDAY1：ST.BEESTOENNERDALEBRIDGE

OurjourneysetsoutearlythismorningwithaCoasttoCoasttradition，approachingtheIrishSea.ThensetoffalongtherocksofSt.BeesHead.Turninginland，we'llpauseforatypicalpublunchonourwaytoEnnerdaleBridge，locatedatthefootoftheLakeDistrictmountains.（15mileshiking，8hours）

Accommodations：EnnerdaleCountryHouseHotel

DAY2：ENNERDALEBRIDGETOHONISTER

Todaywe'llwalkintoimpressiveLakeDistrictNationalPark，whereglass-likelakesreflect

mountainsthatrisefromtheirshores.OurpleasantwalkcoversthesouthernedgeofEnnerdaleWater，thepark'smostwesternlake.AfterlunchneartheBlackSailHut，climba2，000-footmountainandtakeinthebeautifulviewsoflakesandpastures（牧場）.WefinishinBorrowdale，ashorttransfer（轉乘）fromourhotel.（13mileshiking，9hours）

Accommodations：InnontheLake

DAY3：GRASMERETOGLENRIDDLNG

TakeashortdrivetoGrasmere，wherethegreatpoetWilliamWordsworthwrotesomeofhismostwell-knownworks.Visitthepoet'shome，andwalkthroughthevillagewherehefoundinspiration.ThenclimboverGrisedaleHauseenjoyingviewsofHelvellyn，England'sthird-highestmountaintop.HikedownthevalleytowardLakeUllswaterandspendthenightinGlenridding.（9mileshiking，5hours）

Accommodations：GlenriddingLakeHote!

DAY4：LAKEULLSWATERTOSHAP

ThedaybeginswithascenicjourneyonLakeUllswatertoHowtown.Fromhere，wecrossahistoricRomanroadonourwaytoBampton.Hiketothe12th-centuryShapAbbey.AshorttransfertakesustoourhotelinthetypicalEnglishvillageofRavenstonedale.（12mileshiking，7hours）

Accommodations：TheBlackSwan1.Whendotravellerswalkthelongestdistance？______A.OnDay1. B.OnDay2. C.OnDay3. D.OnDay4.2.WhereisWilliamWordsworth'shome？______A.AtGrisedaleHause. B.AtHelvellyn.

C.AtGrasmere. D.AtGlenridding.3.WhatisspecialaboutRavenstonedale？______A.Itofferstravelersanicepublunch.

B.Itpresentsbeautifulviewsofpastures.

C.IthasEngland'sthird-highestmountaintop.

D.ItisanexampleoftraditionalEnglishvillages.BWhenDavidCarterstartedtostudyartatTheUniversityofTexas（UT）atAustinin1971，hehadbigdreamsofbecominganartistorawriter.Buthisstudycametoastopat23afterhehurthishandinanunpleasantevent.Hedevelopedschizophrenia（精神分裂癥）laterandspentmanyyearswithoutahome.

CarterlikedtospendtimearoundUT，becausehedreamtofbeingabletocontinuehisstudyintheuniversityandbecomingawriter.AfterrunningintoCartermanytimes，UTstudentRyanChandlerdecidedtointerviewhimforaprojectfortheDailyTexan，thestudentnewspaperofUT.

"IinterviewedhimonAustin'shomelessproblems.AfterIheardhisstory，wekeptintouchandreallybecamefriends.IlearnedhewantedtogetbacktoUT，soIdecidedtohelphim，"saidChandler."Hehadgot87hours，veryclosetoadegree.Now，withchangingdegreerequirements，heonlyhas64hourstogo."

WiththehelpofChandler，whoworkedwiththeuniversityoffice，CarterwasassignedanadviserbyUT'sCollegeofFineArts."It'sthegreatestgiftI'veeverreceived，"Cartersaid."Hedidwhathadtobedonetogetmebacktoschool，andIcouldn'thavedoneitwithouthim."

AfterseeingamagazinearticleaboutCarter，aUTschoolmatedecidedtopayhistuitionfees（學費）withouttellingChandlerhisname.

DougDempster，deanoftheCollegeofFineArts，saidinastatement，"DavidCarter'sdecisiontocompletehisdegreeisatestament（證明）tofinishingwellwhatwasstarted，andstopped，evenmanyyearsearlier.Wewelcomehimbackaswedomanystudentseachyearwhoseeducationcouldnotbecompletedeasily.We'regoingtohelphimthroughhisremainingcoursework."4.WhydidCarterstopstudyingintheuniversity？______A.Hehurtanartist. B.Hecouldn'taffordhisstudy.

C.Hegotastrangedisease. D.Hehadahandinjury.5.WhatwasChandler'spurposeininterviewingCarter？______A.Todoaprojectonhomelessness.

B.ToknowwhyhehungaroundUT.

C.Tomakefriendswithahomelessperson.

D.Tofinishhishomeworkonhelpingothers.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeChandler？______A.Brave. B.Honest. C.Warm-hearted. D.Strong-minded.7.WhatcanwelearnfromDempster'swordsinthestatement？______A.HeencouragesCartertostudyhard.

B.Hesupportsstudentswhonevergiveup.

C.HecallsonotherstudentstohelpCarter.

D.HesuggestsotherstudentslearnfromCarter.CHumanshavebeenlivingandworkingonthespacestationfor20years.Theirmealsarepackaged,thoughsometimesastronautsreceivefreshtreatsfromresupplymissions.Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themoreitlosesnutrientslikevitaminCandvitaminK.

Astronautshavesuccessfullygrown10differentcropsonthespacestationsince2015andhadthechancetosampleeachone.TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstChili（辣椒）growninspace.ThecrewfinallyhadachancetotastethepeppersafterinitiallytheplantexperimentonthespacestationinJuly.

PlantHabitat-04isoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratorytodatebecausepepperstakemuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplants.Aftergrowingforfourmonths,thepepperswereharvestedonFriday.

PeppersprovideagreatsourceofvitaminC，aswellasotherkeynutrients.Pepperplantsself-pollinate,sotheyareeasytogrow,andtheyareapick-and-eatcropthatdoesn'thavetobecooked.Theyarealsosafetoeatraw.

Asideeffectoflifeinzerogravityisthatastronautsoftenlosesomeoftheirtasteandsmell,sospicyorwell-seasonedfoodsareafavorite.Addingfreshgreensorpepperstothemenuallowsastronautstolivenuptheirregularmeals.Butgrowingandtendingtotheplantscanalsoproduceotherbenefits.

Astronautshavedescribedthejoyfromseeing-aswellassmellingandcaringfor-leafygreenplantsonthespacestationthatremindthemofEarth.

"Growingcolorfulvegetablesinspacecanhavelong-termbenefitsforphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,"saidMattRomeyn,principalinvestigatorfortheexperiment."Wearediscoveringthatgrowingplantsandvegetableswithcolorsandsmellshelpstoimproveastronauts'well-being."8.Whatdoesunderlined"kickingoff"inthe2ndparagraphmean？______A.Launch. B.Complete. C.Quit. D.Announce.9.WhatmakesPlantHabitat-04oneofthemostcomplexplantexperiments？______A.Thetechnology. B.Growingprocess.

C.Thevarietiesofplants. D.Growingtimerequired.10.Whyarepeppersaddedtothemenuforastronauts？______A.Theyaredelicious. B.Theyrestoretheirappetite.

C.Theyhelpkilldiseases. D.Theyimprovetheirmemory.11.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext？______A.TheFunintheSpaceLife

B.TheCommonGoalintheSpaceMission

C.TheFirstChiliPeppersGrowninSpace

D.AResearchFindingfromtheSpaceMissionDImagineyouenteracarwithnosteeringwheel，nobrakeoracceleratorpedals（踏板）.Underavoice-activatedcommand，yousayanaddress."Thefastestroutewilltakeus15.3minutes.ShouldItakeit？"Yousay"yes"andyouareonyourway.Thecarrespondsandstartsmovingallbyitself.Allyouhavetodoistositbackandrelax.

Howstrangewoulditbeif，onedayinthefuture，everyonehadsuchacar？Nocrazydriving，noquarrels，nocuttingin；trafficlawswouldberespectedanddrivingmuchsafer.Ontheotherhand，imaginethecostsavingsforlocalpoliceenforcement（強制執(zhí)行）andtownbudgetswithoutallthosespeedingandparkingtickets.

Anewtechnologyhasthepotentialtochangemodernsocietythoroughly.There'snoquestionthatself-drivingvehiclescouldbeanenormousbenefit.Thepotentialforsafercarsmeansaccidentstatisticswoulddrop：some94%ofroadaccidentsintheU.S.involvehumanerror.Olderdriversandvisually-orphysically-disabledpeoplewouldgainanewleveloffreedom.Maintainingsafespeedsandbeingelectric，self-drivingcarswouldsharplyreducepollutionlevelsanddependencyonnon-renewablefuels.Roadswouldbequieter，peoplesafer.

Butwemustalsoconsidertheimpactofthenewtechnologyonthosewhonowdependondrivingfortheirliving.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofLabor，inMay2015therewere505，560registeredschoolbusdrivers.TheAmericanTruckingAssociationlistsapproximately3.5millionprofessionaltruckdriversintheU.S.Thecompaniesdevelopingself-drivingvehiclesshouldbepartneringwithstateandfederalauthoritiestoofferretrainingforthismassiveworkforce，manyofwhomwillbedisplacedbythenewtechnology.

Newtechnologieswill，andshould，bedeveloped.Thisishowsocietymovesforward.However，progresscan'tbeone-sided.Itisnecessaryforthecompaniesandstateagenciesinvolvedtoconsiderthemoralconsequencesofthesepotentialchangestobuildabetterfutureforall.12.Whatwouldbetheeffectofthewideuseofdriverlesscars？______A.Morepolicemenwouldinspectthestreets.

B.Peoplewouldneverfeelangryaboutthetraffic.

C.Itwouldsavelocalgovernmentsalotofmoney.

D.Trafficregulationswouldbeathingofthepast.13.Howwouldtheelderlyandthedisabledbenefitfromdriverlesscars？______A.Theywouldgetridofairpollution.

B.Theycouldenjoygreatermobility.

C.Theywouldsuffernoroadaccidents.

D.Theycouldgoanywheretheywant.14.Whatwouldbethenegativeeffectofdriverlesscars？______A.Theconflictbetweenlaborandmanagementwouldsharpen.

B.Manydriverswouldhavetofindnewwaysofearningaliving.

C.Driverswouldhaveahardtimeadaptingtonewroadconditions.

D.Thegapbetweenvariousdepartmentsofsocietywouldbewidened.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbusinessesandthegovernmentdo？______A.Enableeveryonetobenefitfromnewtechnologies.

B.Keeppacewithtechnologicaldevelopments.

C.Makenewtechnologiesaffordabletoeveryone.

D.Popularizetheuseofnewtechnologiesanddevices.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）HowtoReadaBookBookscanbeyourbestfriends．(1)Theycanintroduceyoutothingsyoumayneversee…Butdoyouknowhowtoreadtheminordertogetthefullestenjoymentpossible？Thefollowingtipsshouldhelp．

?(2)Lookinthelibraryorinoneofthelargebookstores．Youcouldalsoaskfriendsifyoucouldhavealookattheirbookshelves．Searchtheshelvesuntilyoufindabookthatlooksgood．Readthefirstpagetoseehowitreads，andthecovertextonthebackofthebook，ifithasany．Ifyouarealreadyconcentrating，thenbuyitorborrowit．

?Donotstarttoreadituntilyouhavethetime．(3)Andsetasidetimetodonothingelsebutread，asitcanbe，attimes，suspenseful（懸疑的），excitingandrelaxing．

Getcomfortableonthecouch．Havealampbehindyou，lightingtheareawhereyouarereading．Makesurethetelevisionisoffandthatanythingelsethatcoulddistract（使分心）youhasbeenattendedto．(4)

Startthebookbyturningthepagesandreallyenjoyit．Donotthinkaboutanythingelsebutwhatyouarereading．Putyourselfintotheactionorlocationinthestory．Onceyouconcentratecompletely，itwillbedifficulttoputthebookdown．Andrememberthatreadingisnotrunningyoureyesoverabook．(5)However，ifyouneedtoreadthebookquickly，thenyoudonotneedtopayattentiontoeveryword．

A．Findabook．

B．Lookforaplace．

C．Otherwise，youwillmissit．

D．Youshouldreaditactivelyandenjoyitcompletely．

E．Theycantakeyoutoplacesthatyoumaynevergo．

F．Getwarmifyouaregoingtobesittingstillforafewhours．

G．Ifyouarebusydoingotherthings，youshouldwaituntilyouhavefinishedthem．16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）Jacksonlivedontopofthehill.Fromhishouse，hecouldseetheseaandthevillage（41）______.Oneday，thevillagers（42）______somethingdifferentaboutthesea.Theseaseemedtobemovingfromthe（43）______.Noneofthevillagersknewwhatwashappening.

Jacksonunderstoodwhatwasgoingon.Hehadseensucha（n）（44）______whenhewasyoung.Atsunami（海嘯）wasapproachingandthevillagershadtobe（45）______，buttherewasnotimetosendamessagetothewholevillage.

"Tom!"he（46）______tohisgrandson."（47）______atorchquickly!"TheboydidwhathewastoldJacksontookthetorchandsethis（48）______onfire.Immediately，red（49）______shotupwardsandthicksmokeroseintothesky.

Tomcriedout，"Grandfather!Whyareyousettingourhouseonfire？"Jacksondidnotanswer.（50）______，hestoodquietlyandwatchedthevillagers.Suddenly，somevillagersnoticedthe（51）______andshoutedateveryonetorunupthehilltohelpputoutthefire.WhenJacksonsaweveryonerunningtowards，him，hewasso（52）______.Thevillagersdidtheirbestbutthey（53）______tocontrolthefire.Jackson'shousewascompletelyburneddownbuthestoodonthehill（54）______.TheythoughtJacksonhadgone（55）______.Theystaredathimindisbelief.

Finally，Jacksonsaid，"（56）______towardsthesea."Thevillagersturnedandsawahuge（57）______ofwaterrushingtowardsthevillage.Theywereshockedtoseethewater（58）______thewholevillageanddestroyingeverythinginits（59）______.

Nothingwasleftoftheirhomes（60）______everyonewassafeonthehill.ThevillagersrealizedwhyJacksonhadsetfiretohishouse.21.

A.above B.through C.below D.off22.

A.recognized B.noticed C.overlooked D.expected23.

A.land B.hill C.shore D.village24.

A.sight B.chance C.alarm D.plot25.

A.found B.persuaded C.taught D.warned26.

A.rushedout B.figuredout C.calledout D.madeout27.

A.Borrow B.Make C.Light D.Buy28.

A.boat B.house C.clothes D.tree29.

A.balls B.candles C.signals D.flames30.

A.Instead B.However C.Furthermore D.Therefore31.

A.torch B.boy C.sea D.fire32.

A.frightened B.confused C.happy D.crazy33.

A.managed B.refused C.intended D.failed34.

A.crying B.jumping C.shouting D.laughing35.

A.hungry B.mad C.blind D.thirsty36.

A.Look B.Wave C.Head D.Return37.

A.drop B.level C.spray D.wall38.

A.spreading B.flowing C.swallowing D.moving39.

A.course B.path C.shape D.power40.

A.but B.so C.because D.unless四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）41.SteveRobertIrwin，（1）______Australianwildlifeexpert，waskilledonSeptember4th，2006whilehewasfilmingOcean'sDeadliest.Init，hewasinjuredbyapoisonousfishwhen（2）______（attempt）tocatchit.（3）______theproductionandthecrewmembershadgoodsafetymeasuresinplaceandanemergencyteamonsite，his（4）______（injure）wastoosevereforhimtobebroughtbacktolife.ItwasconfirmedshortlyaftertheincidentthatSteve'spopulartelevisionseriesTheCrocodileHunterwasgoingto（5）______（cancel），puttinganendtoitssuccessfuleleven-yearrun.Manycolleagues，natureexperts，andfilmmakersowedthissuccess（6）______Steve'soutgoingpersonality，passionforhisjob，andloveoftheanimalworld.Hisuniqueand（7）______（energy）stylemadehimsoentertainingthathisseries（8）______（gain）popularityallovertheworld，（9）______（especial）intheUK，theUSAandCanada.Peoplewillalwaysrememberthisgreathero，（10）______effortsandcontributioninanimalprotectionreallymakeadifference.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改錯（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．每仕錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．

注意：

1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．

I

was

14years

old

when

my

father

died．He

was

our

mainly

source

of

income．From

then

on，we

have

severe

financial

problems

and

struggled

to

pay

for

food

and

basic

education．That

situation

forced

my

two

sisters

and

me

discontinue（中斷）

our

education

for

three

years

after

the

college

entrance

exam．Despite

of

our

challenges，our

mother

always

believed

in

us

and

told

us

we

would

both

become

successful

citizens．My

mother's

words

encouraged

us

to

face

life

with

a

less

active

attitude．Now，10year

later，all

of

us

have

completed

our

education

or

become

successful

individuals．I

believe

everyone

need

have

a

bright

future，as

long

as

he

or

she

make

efforts，taking

an

optimistic

view

of

life．六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）43.英語課上，你們班準備就"分數與能力"這個話題，進行一次討論。請你發(fā)表你的看法，內容包括：

（1）簡要評論現狀；

（2）你的觀點；

（3）你的建議。

注意

（1）詞數100左右；

（2）題目已經為你寫好。

ScoreandAbility

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、D【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據DAY1：ST．BEESTOENNERDALEBRIDGE中的15mileshiking，8hours（徒步15英里，8小時）；DAY2：ENNERDALEBRIDGETOHONISTER中13mileshiking，9hours（徒步13英里，9小時）；DAY3：GRASMERETOGLENRIDDLNG中的9mileshiking，5hours（徒步9英里，5個小時）和DAY4：LAKEULLSWATERTOSHAP中的12mileshiking，7hours（徒步12英里，7小時）可推知，旅行者在第一天走最長的距離。故選A。

（2）推理判斷題。根據DAY3：GRASMERETOGLENRIDDLNG中的Take

a

short

drive

to

Grasmere，where

the

great

poet

William

Wordsworth

wrote

some

of

his

most

well-known

works.Visit

the

poet's

home，and

walk

through

the

village

where

he

found

inspiration.（開一小段車去格拉斯米爾，偉大的詩人威廉?華茲華斯（WilliamWordsworth）在那里寫下了他最著名的一些作品。參觀詩人的家，穿過他找到靈感的村莊。）可推知WilliamWordsworth的家在Grasmere。故選C。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據DAY4：LAKEULLSWATERTOSHAP中的AshorttransfertakesustoourhotelinthetypicalEnglishvillageofRavenstonedale．（短暫的換乘將我們帶到我們在典型的英國鄉(xiāng)村Ravenstonedale的酒店）可知，Ravenstonedale是傳統(tǒng)英國鄉(xiāng)村的一個例子。故選D。

本文是一則旅游廣告。文章介紹徒步旅行英格蘭的時間安排。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4~7.【答案】D、A、C、B【解析】（1）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第二句"But

his

study

came

to

a

stop

at

23

after

he

hurt

his

hand

in

an

unpleasant

event."（但在23歲的時候，他在一次不愉快的事件中傷了手，他的研究就停止了。）可知，就是因為手部受傷所以學業(yè)被迫停止。故選D項。

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段最后一句"UT

student

Ryan

Chandler

decided

to

interview

him

for

a

project

for

the

Daily

Texan，the

student

newspaper

of

UT."（猶他州立大學的學生瑞安?錢德勒決定采訪他，參加德州大學學生報《德州日報》的一個項目）和第三段第一句"I

interviewed

him

on

Austin's

homeless

problems."（我就奧斯汀無家可歸的問題采訪了他）可知，Chandler是為校報的一個關于流浪漢的專題而采訪的Carter。故選A項。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據第三段第二、三句"After

I

heard

his

story，we

kept

in

touch

and

really

became

friends.I

learned

he

wanted

to

get

back

to

UT，so

I

decided

to

help

him"（我聽了他的故事后，我們保持聯系，真的成了朋友。我知道他想回到猶他大學，所以我決定幫助他）可知，Chandler了解了Carter的事跡之后，就想幫助他重返校園，之后也付諸行動了，可見他是個熱心的、樂于助人的人。A.Brave勇敢的；B.Honest誠實的；C.Warm-hearted熱心腸的；D.Strong-minded意志力堅定的。故選C項。

（4）B.推理判斷題。根據最后一段Dempster所說的"David

Carter's

decision

to

complete

his

degree

is

a

testament

（證明）

to

finishing

well

what

was

started，and

stopped，even

many

years

earlier.We

welcome

him

back

as

we

do

many

students

each

year

whose

education

could

not

be

completed

easily."（大衛(wèi)?卡特完成學位的決定證明了他很好地完成了許多年前開始和停止的工作。我們歡迎他回來，就像我們每年歡迎許多學生一樣，他們的教育不容易完成。）可知，校方是鼓勵Carter這種有始有終的精神的，每年也都歡迎未能完成學業(yè)的學生回來繼續(xù)上學，B選項"他支持從不放棄的學生"符合這里的陳述。故選B項。

這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個多年前因病中斷了德克薩斯大學學業(yè)的男子，受到學校同學和校方的關注和幫助，最終重返校園繼續(xù)學業(yè)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。

8~11.【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】（1）A.詞義猜測題。根據第二段ThecrewfinallyhadachancetotastethepeppersafterinitiallykickingofftheplantexperimentonthespacestationinJuly.（今年7月，宇航員們在空間站開始了植物實驗，終于有機會品嘗辣椒。）"前一句說宇航員最終能夠品嘗辣椒，后文initially表示"最初"，可知，宇航員最初開始植物實驗，才能在最后收獲辣椒，所以kickoff的意思是"開始"，A.Launch啟動；B.Complete完成；C.Quit放棄；D.Announce宣布。故選A項。

（2）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段PlantHabitat-04isoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratorytodatebecausepepperstakemuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplants.（植物棲息地04是軌道實驗室迄今為止最復雜的植物實驗之一，因為辣椒的生長時間比之前的實驗植物長得多。）"可知，植物棲息地04最復雜的原因在于其所需要的生長時間。故選D項。

（3）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段Asideeffectoflifeinzerogravityisthatastronautsoftenlosesomeoftheirtasteandsmell,sospicyorwell-seasonedfoodsareafavorite.Addingfreshgreensorpepperstothemenuallowsastronautstolivenuptheirregularmeals.（零重力生活的一個副作用是，宇航員經常會失去一些味覺和嗅覺，所以辛辣或調味好的食物是他們的最愛。在菜單中加入新鮮的綠色蔬菜或辣椒可以讓宇航員的日常飲食更有活力。）可知，在宇航員的食譜中加入辣椒是為了讓他們恢復食欲。故選B項。

（4）C.標題歸納題。根據第二段TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstChili（辣椒）growninspace.（周五，國際空間站為宇航員舉辦了一個派對，慶祝第一批太空辣椒的收獲。）可知，辣椒首次在太空被成功種植。后文緊接著說明太空辣椒的必要性，所以全文都在說太空的首次辣椒種植。所以"C.The

First

Chili

Peppers

Grown

in

Space"為最佳標題。故選C項。

本文是說明文，描述了第一個在太空種植的辣椒。

做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

12~15.【答案】C、B、B、A【解析】1．C．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章第二段On

the

other

hand，

imaginethe

cost

savings

for

local

police

enforcement

（強制執(zhí)行）

and

town

budgets

without

all

those

speeding

andparking

tickets另一方面，想象一下在沒有所有超速駕駛和停車罰單的情況下，當地警察執(zhí)法（強制執(zhí)行）和城鎮(zhèn)預算所節(jié)省的費用．可知無人駕駛汽車的廣泛應用它將拯救地方政府大量的資金；故選C．

2．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章第三段The

potential

for

safer

cars

means

accident

statistics

would

drop：

some

94%

of

road

accidents

in

the

U．S．

involve

human

error．

Older

drivers

and

visually-

or

physically-disabled

people

would

gain

a

new

level

of

freedom汽車安全的潛力意味著事故統(tǒng)計數字將下降：在美國，約94%的道路事故涉及人為錯誤．年長的司機和視力或身體殘疾的人將獲得一個新的自由度．可知老年人和殘疾人他們可以享受更多的流動性受益于無人駕駛汽車；故選B．

3．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章第四段The

companies

developing

self-driving

vehicles

should

be

partnering

with

state

and

federal

authorities

to

offer

retraining

for

this

massive

workforce，

many

of

whom

will

be

displaced

by

the

new

technology開發(fā)自動駕駛汽車的公司應該與州和聯邦當局合作，為這些龐大的勞動力提供再培訓，其中許多人將被新技術所取代．可知無人駕駛汽車的負面影響是許多司機必須找到新的謀生方式；故選B．

4．A．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章最后一段New

technologies

will，

and

should，

be

developed．

This

is

how

society

moves

forward．

However，

progress

can't

be

one-sided新技術將會而且應該得到發(fā)展．這是社會前進的方式．然而，進步不能是片面的．可知作者建議企業(yè)和政府使人人受益于新技術；故選A

本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了無人駕駛汽車技術的開發(fā)和應用．

考查學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

16~20.【答案】E、A、G、F、D【解析】3640

EAGFD

36．E．上下文串聯．根據上一句Books

can

be

your

best

friends以及下句的排比句They

can

introduce

you

the

things

you

may

never

see…說明書的作用巨大，能夠向我們介紹一些我們看不見的東西．E項：They

can

take

you

to

places

that

you

may

never

go．他們可以帶你去那些你永遠不會去的地方．符合上下文的語境，故選E．

37．A．段落理解題．本段是關于找書的問題，如果在圖書館里找到一本真正是自己喜歡的書，就去買下它回家慢慢地看．A項：Findabook．找一本書．符合上下文，故選A．

38．G．上下文串聯．根據上一句Do

not

start

to

read

it

until

you

have

the

time．說明等待自己有時間的時候再去讀．G項：If

you

are

busy

doing

other

things，you

should

wait

until

you

have

finished

them．如果你正忙著做其他事情，你應該等到你完成它們．內容符合上下文，故選G．

39．F．理解判斷題．本段講述的是在讀書的時候要有一個好的環(huán)境．F項：Get

warm

if

you

are

going

to

be

sitting

still

for

a

few

hours．如果你要靜坐幾個小時，就暖和點．內容與之相符，故選F．

40．D．聯系上文題．根據上一句Once

you

concentrate

completely，

it

will

be

difficult

to

put

the

book

down．

And

remember

that

reading

is

not

running

your

eyes

over

a

book．說明閱讀是一種積極的行為要完全地喜歡它．D項：You

should

read

it

actively

and

enjoy

it

completely．你應該積極地閱讀它，并且完全地享受它．符合文意，故選D．

本文講述了如何高效讀書，給出了幾個合理的建議：1、找一本書；2、在你有時間之前，不要開始讀它；3、從翻動書頁開始閱讀，并真正享受它．

本文是一篇選句填空閱讀，題目主要考查文章上下文內容聯系以及句意理解．做題時學生應仔細閱讀原文，把握文章主要內容，聯系文章上下文內容并結合所給選項含義，從中選出正確答案，一定要做到有理有據，切忌胡亂猜測．

21~40.【答案】C、B、A、A、D、C、C、B、D、A、D、C、D、D、B、A、D、C、B、A【解析】41．C．考查介詞及語境理解．根據前文Jackson

lived

on

top

of

the

hill可知Jackson住在山頂上，應該是能夠看到下面的海和村莊，故答案為C．

42．B．考查動詞及語境理解．A．recognized認出；B．noticed注意到；C．overlooked忽視；D．expected期望；根據One

day，the

villagers

（42）something

different

about

the

sea可知一天，村民們注意到了大海有點異樣，故答案為B．

43．A．考查名詞及語境理解．這段話是在為下文的海嘯到來做鋪墊．如果根據常識，海水不是要離開海岸的嗎，很容易誤選C．實際上本題選擇A．海水離開海岸，每天的自然潮汐都會有此現象發(fā)生，這與上文的"村民發(fā)現大海有所異樣"無法照應．這里的land相對應的是深海，即海水向深海遠離陸地而去，突出了海嘯到來前的蓄勢過程，故答案為A．

44．A．考查名詞及語境理解．根據前文Jackson

understood

what

was

going

on可知Jackson小的時候見過這樣的場景，故答案為A．

45．D．考查動詞及語境理解．根據下文but

there

was

no

time

to

send

a

message

to

the

whole

village可知村民們需要及時被警告，故答案為D．

46．C．考查動詞及語境理解．A．rushedout沖出；B．figuredout計算出；C．calledout呼喊；Dmadeout理解，辨認；根據"Tom!"

he

（46）to

his

grandson可知Jackson

大聲喊自己的孫子，故答案為C．

47．C．考查動詞及語境理解．根據下文The

boy

did

what

he

was

told

Jackson

took

the

torch

and

set

his

（48）on

fire可知此處是點亮火把，故答案為C．

48．B．考查名詞及語境理解．根據下文Why

are

you

setting

our

house

on

fire？"

可知此處是把自家的房子點著了，故答案為B．

49．D．考查名詞及語境理解．根據常識及Immediately，red

（49）shot

upwards

and

thick

smoke

rose

into

the

sky可知火紅的火苗和濃煙升到空中，故答案為D．

50．A．考查副詞及語境理解．根據Jackson

did

not

answer．（50），he

stood

quietly

and

watched

the

villagers可知Jackson沒有回答，而是靜靜地站著看著村民，故答案為A．

51．D．考查名詞及語境理解．根據前文及Suddenly，some

villagers

noticed

the

（51）and

shouted

at

everyone

to

run

up

the

hill

to

help

put

out

the

fire可知突然，一些村民注意到了火，大聲叫大家跑上山去撲滅大火，故答案為D．

52．C．考查形容詞及語境理解．根據常識及When

Jackson

saw

everyone

running

towards，him，he

was

so

（52）可知他看到村民都跑來，當然是非常高興，故答案為C．

53．D．考查動詞及語境理解．根據下文Jackson's

house

was

completely

burned

down

可知他們沒有能夠撲滅大火，故答案為D．

54．D．考查動詞及語境理解．根據Jackson's

house

was

completely

burned

down

but

he

stood

on

the

hill

（54）可知Jackson的房子被完全燒毀了，但他站在山上笑，故答案為D．

55．B．考查形容詞及語境理解．根據They

thought

Jackson

had

gone

（55）．They

stared

at

him

in

disbelief．可知他們以為Jackson瘋了，懷疑地盯著他，故答案為B．

56．A．考查動詞及語境理解．根據下文The

villagers

turned

and

saw

a

huge

可知他讓村民們看一看大海，故答案為A．

57．D．考查名詞及語境理解．根據The

villagers

turned

and

saw

a

huge

（57）of

water

rushing

towards

the

village可村民們轉過身來，看見一堵巨大像墻一樣的海浪向村子沖來，故答案為D．

58．C．考查動詞及語境理解．A．spreading蔓延；B．flowing流動；C．swallowing吞咽，吞噬；D．moving移動；根據They

were

shocked

to

see

the

water

（58）the

whole

village

可知看到大海把村莊吞噬他們感到很震驚，故答案為C．

59．B．考查名詞及語境理解．根據常識及

destroying

everything

in

its

（59）可知海嘯會破壞其所到之處的一切，故答案為B．

60．A．考查連詞及語境理解．根據Nothing

was

left

of

their

homes

（60）everyone

was

safe

on

the

hill可知村民們失去了家園，但是他們的人身是安全的，故答案為A．

本文講述的是機智聰明的Jackson提前發(fā)現了海嘯的到來，巧妙地用智慧挽救了村子里人們的性命，避免了人員的傷亡．

近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高．做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內容．千萬不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．選擇答案時，要考慮整個句子的內容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等．答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢了，用詞得當，意思正確．

41.【答案】【小題1】an【小題2】attempting【小題3】Although/Though/While【小題4】injury【小題5】becancelled【小題6】to【小題7】energetic【小題8】gained【小題9】especially【小題10】whose【解析】（1）考查冠詞。句意：2006年9月4日，澳大利亞野生動物專家史蒂夫?羅伯特?歐文在拍攝《致命海洋》時遇害。泛指一個，所以用不定冠詞，Australian是以元音音素開頭的，故填an。

（2）考查現在分詞或狀語從句的省略。句意：在影片中，他在試圖捕捉一條有毒的魚時受了傷。attempt和句子主語he之間是主動關系，所以用現在分詞作狀語，也可以認為是狀語從句的省略，主句和從句的主語一致，都是he，此處when后面省略了hewas，故填attempting。

（3）考查連詞。句意：盡管制片方和劇組人員采取了良好的安全措施，現場也有應急小組，但他的傷勢太嚴重，無法救活。引導讓步狀語從句，表示"盡管"，所以用although/though/while引導，句首單詞首字母大寫，故填Although/Though/While。

（4）考查不可數名詞。句意：盡管制片方和劇組人員采取了良好的安全措施，現場也有應急小組，但他的傷勢太嚴重，無法救活。作主語，所以用名詞，表示抽象概念"傷勢"，為不可數名詞，故填injury。

（5）考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：事件發(fā)生后不久，史蒂夫廣受歡迎的電視連續(xù)劇《鱷魚獵人》將被取消，結束了它11年的成功。cancel和句子主語之間是被動關系，所以用被動語態(tài)，前面有begoingto，所以用動詞原形，故填becancelled。

（6）考查介詞。句意：許多同事、自然專家和電影人都把史蒂夫的成功歸功于他外向的性格、對工作的熱情和對動物世界的熱愛。owesth.to"把某物歸功于"，為固定搭配