2018年成人高考專升本英語(yǔ)考試真題及答案

2018年成人高考專升本英語(yǔ)考試真題及答案第一卷(選擇題，共125分)Phonetics(5points〕Directions:Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords,therearefourunderlinedlettersorletterbinationsmarkeda,b,andd.paretheunderlinedpartsandidentifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.1.A.captainB.sustainC.containD.retainA.pensionB.missionC.tensionD.revision3.A.actressB.businessC.excessD.endlessA.binationB.climbingC.bambooD.ambitionA.blewB.crewC.sewD.JewII.VocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions:Thereare15inpletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestpletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.6.askedtwopassers-byhowtogettothenewrailwaystation,butofthemknewit.A.noneB.eitherC.neitherD.both——Thebosswantstotalktoyou.Heseemsunhappywithyourperformance.——Oh,Ibeintrouble.Ihopehewon'tfireme.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.wouldmydaughterreachestheageofeighteenshecanapplyfordrivinglicense.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.SinceD.OnceI'llconsiderMs.Smithtonight,butIamnotsureifIhavethetime.A.toseeB.seeingC.tohaveseenD.see優(yōu)選Thetraintoarriveat11:30,butitwasanhourlate.A.wassupposedB.issupposedC.supposesD.supposedBobdoesn'tlookhisage.Ithinkhe'ssomewhere.A.infortyB.infortiesC.inhisfortyD.inhisfortiesIfeelveryexcitedthethoughtofjoiningmyfamilyinaweek.A.onB.forC.atD.inahotel,welookedforsomewheretohavedinner.A.FindingB.HavingfoundC.WefindingD.WefoundDespitethesuddenbreakdownoftheGeneralManager,workisgoingoninthepany.A.usualB.routineC.normalD.regularAtsuchatimeofcrisis,wemusttrytoalldifferencesandsticktogether.A.setapartB.setbackC.setasideD.setdownManygovernmentsarenowtakingtoreducesmokinginpublicplaces.A.stepsB.sidesC.effectD.changeTheemployeesmoreenthusiasticabouttheirworksincetheirpayrose.A.areB.havebeenC.wereD.willbeChildrendon'tunderstandinitiallywhattheyarereciting,butitwillhaveanimpactontheirthinking.A.casuallyB.especiallyC.regularlyD.graduallyTheuniversityregulationsrequirethatthestudentsatleast90%ofthelectures.A.attendedB.toattendC.wouldattendD.attendInOctober2007,theChang'e-1satellitewassuccessfullyatXichang.優(yōu)選A.launchedB.presentedC.regulatedD.engagedIE.Cloze（30points）Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatismostsuitableandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Thedestructionof卜分曲{&{$（棲息地）allovertheworldistheprimaryreasonspeciesarebeingextinct（滅2色）orendangered.Houses,highways,dams,industrialbuildings,andever-spreading-farmsnowdominate21formerlyoccupiedbyforests,deserts,andwetlands.22thebeginningofEuropeansettlementinAmerica,23over65,000,000acresofwetlandshavebeendrained.Onemillionacresalonevanished241985and1995.habitatdestructioncanbe25oritcanbesubtleoccurringovera26periodoftimewithoutbeingnoticed.27suchassewagefromcitiesandchemicalrunofffromfarms,canchangethe28andquantityofwaterinstreamsandrivers.To29livinginadelicatelybalancedhabitat,thisdisturbancecanbeas30astheclear-cuttingofarainforest.31remaininghabitatsarecarvedintosmallerandsmallerpocketsorislands,remainingspeciesareforcedtoexistinthese32areas,whichcausesfurtherhabitat33.Thesespeciesbeelessadaptabletoenvironmental34infact,theybee35endangeredScientistsbelievethatwhenahabitatiscutby90%,one-halfofitsplants,animalsandinsectswillbeeextinct..A.landscapesB.citiesC.mapsD.pictures22.A.AtB.BeforeC.AfterD.Since優(yōu)選.A.forexampleB.inadditionC.atlastD.afterall.A.bothB.inC.betweenD.before.A.simpleB.beneficialC.interestingD.obvious.A.longB.shortC.happyD.sad27.A.ConstructionB.PollutionC.FarmingD.Living.A.amountB.purityC.natureD.quality.A.peopleB.speciesC.plantsD.insects.A.effectiveB.smallC.fatalD.surprising.A.HowB.WhetherC.BeforeD.As.A.crowdedB.extensiveC.largeD.bare.A.reformB.destructionC.supportD.discovery.A.improvementsB.changesC.protectionD.development.A.evenB.farC.moreD.lessIV.Readingprehension(60points)Directions:Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneWomannabbedforaDUIatsamecrashspotWedMay21,2:17AMETTRUCKEE，Calif.Callitdrunkendrivingdejavu(記憶幻覺(jué)).Forthesecondtimeinfivemonths，a23-year-oldCaliforniawomanhasbeenarrestedaftershecrashed優(yōu)選hercarwhiledrivingundertheinfluence(DUI)attheexactsamespotnorthofLakeTahoe.Andtotopitoff,TruckeePolicesaythatinbothcases,herbloodalcoholcontentwasmorethanthreetimesthelegallimit.ThepolicesayMelissaDennisonofTruckeecrashedataboutnoononSundayonGlenshireDrivejustsouthoftheGlenshireBridge.Theysayshewasextremelydrunkandhadtroublestandingorwalking.Herbloodalcohollevelinitiallywasmeasuredat346.Thelegallimit.08.SergeantJ.LitchiesaidDennisonalsohadbeenchargedwithaDUIinJanuarywhenshecrashedatthesamespotandregisteredabloodalcohollevelof380.Iffoundguiltyofthesecondoffense,shefacesupto10yearsinprisonandfinesinexcessof2.000.AtelephonemessagetheAssociatedPressleftatalistingforDennisoninTruckeeonTuesdaywasnotimmediatelyreturned.Whoistheauthorofthepassage"Apassenger.Apoliceman.Ajudge.Ajournalist.Whycouldn'tthewomanstandandwalk"Shehadlosttoomuchblood.優(yōu)選Shewasscared.Shedranktoomuch.Shehadasuddenstomachache.Whycouldthewomanbeimprisonedfor10years"ShewascaughtDUItwice.Shehadhercarcrashed.Sherefusedtotakeabloodtest.Shedrovewithoutdrivinglicense.sWhatdoestheword"nabbed"inthetitlemean"Arrested.Attacked.Charged.Punished.PassageTwoThereweremanydifferentculturesintheancientworld,butthetwothathadthemostinfluenceonEuropeanandAmericancivilizationsweretheGreekandtheRoman.Oftenthesetwoculturesarelumpedtogetherinourminds,asiftheywerereallyexactlyalike.Butthatisnotthecase.InmanywaystheGreeksandtheRomanscouldnothavebeenmoredifferent.TheGreeksweretrulydemocratic,oftenwithoutasingleleaderbutinsteadgovernedbyagroupofmenchosenbythepeople.TheRomansweresemi-democratic.TheyhadagoverningSenate,butthepoliticalpowerwasmostlyorpletelyinthehands優(yōu)選ofasingleemperor.Bothculturesweregreatbuilders.Buttheconstructioninterestsofthetwocultureswerealsodifferent.TheGreekstendedtobemoreartistic.Theirbuildingswerewellconstructedandtheywereespeciallyinterestedintemples,columns,anddecorativeforms.TheRomans,ontheotherhand,weremoreengineersthanartists.Theyconcentratedtheireffortsonurbanplanning,well-functioningwaterpipes,andthebestroads.Onlyincookingandeatinghabitsarethetwoculturesreallysimilar.Bothpeoplesateverywellindeed:lotsoffish,freshvegetablesandfruits,healthymeals,holdingatthesametimelongdiscussionsandtastingexcellentwines.Infact,itwouldprobablybefairtosaythattheybothlovedlifeintheirwarm,sea-orientedclimatesandtheybothlivedafulllife.Whatisthefirstparagraphabout"TheGreekandtheRomanweresimilar.PeoplemisunderstoodEuropeancivilization.GreekcivilizationwasquitedifferentfromRomancivilization.EuropeancivilizationinfluencedAmericancivilizationgreatly.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE"TheRomanshadmorepoliticalawareness.TheRomanshadlesspoliticalfreedomanddemocracy.TheRomanshadmorefreedomtochoosetheirleader.TheRomanshadfewerpeopleelectedintothegovernment.優(yōu)選WhatweretheGreeksfamousfor"Theoverallplanningofacityoratown.Theartisticdecorationofthebuildings.Thepracticalfunctionsofthebuildings.aThesystemofwatersupplyandtransportation.Howarethetwoculturesalike"Bothlovedthesea.Bothlivedlonglives.BothlovedcookingBothenjoyedtalkingovermeals.PassageThreeAsrecentlyasthreedecadesago,manyAmericansbelievedthatusingcreditwasanunwiseanddangerouswaytopayforwhattheybought.Someeventhoughtthatowingmoneytoastoreoracreditpanywassomethingtobeashamedof.Goodcitizens,theybelieved,alwaysboughtwhattheywantedwithrealmoneyandtheypaidthefullpriceimmediately.Today,however,allthathaschanged.Credit,assomeobservershavenoted,hasbeeawayoflifeintheUnitedStates.MoreandmoreAmericansnowaredependingonthosesmallpiecesofplastic,creditcards,topayforlargepurchasessuchastelevisions,recordplayersorfurniture.Manypeopletodaywouldconsideritunusualnottouseacreditcardtopayforacostlyrestaurantdinner,ahotelroomoranairlinetrip.Andthere優(yōu)選aresomesituationsinwhichAmericansmusthavecreditcards.Iftheywantthetemporaryuseofacar,forexample,theyfirstmustgivethecarrentalpanythenumberoftheircreditcard.ThatnumberisconsideredaguaranteethattheywillreturnthecarandpayCreditcardsoffertwomajorservicestoAmericans.Firstofall,theyareeasierandsafertocarrythanlargeamountsofmoney.Second,theypermitpeopletoborrow,tohavetheimmediatepleasureofowningsomething,eveniftheydonothaveenoughmoneytopayforitatthetime.Withcreditcardspeoplepayforgoodsorservicesattheendofeachmonthinsteadofwhentheybuythem.Andwhenthetimedoesetopay,mostcreditcardsofferpeopleachoice.Theycanpayallofwhattheyoweforthemonthortheycanjustpayusuallybetween5and10percentofwhattheyowe.WhatdoAmericansfeelaboutusingcreditcardsnowadaysaccordingtothepassage"A.Theyconsideritvaluable.Theyregarditasashame.Theythinkitdangerous.Theyfinditquiteconvenient.Whydoesthecarrentalpanyaskforthecreditcardnumber"Topreventtheoveruseofthecar.Tomakesurethatthecarwon'tbedamaged.Tomakesuretheuserreturnthecarandpayforusingit.Toensurethatthecarissafelyandtimelyreturned.Whatadvantagecancreditcardholdershave"優(yōu)選Theycanchoosenottopayfortheirpurchases.Theycaneasilyborrowmoneyatalowerinterest.Theycanownsomethingbeforetheyactuallypayforit.Theycanpayonlyasmallamountofwhattheyowe.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage"Credit-aWayofLifeinAmericaCreditServicesinAmericaConvenienceofLivinginAmericaHistoryofCreditCardsinAmericaPassageFourAtthe1893ColumbianExposition,aWorldFairheldinChicago,chocolate-makingmachinerymadeinGermanywasdisplayed.ItcaughttheeyeofM.S.Hershey,whosawthepotentialforchocolate.HeinstalledchocolatemachineryinhisfactoryinLancaster,andproducedhisfirstchocolatebarsin1894.OtherAmericansbeganmixinginothermaterialstomakeupnewcandybarsthroughouttheendofthe1890'sandtheearly1900's.ButitwasWorldWarIthatreallybroughtattentiontothecandybar.TheU.S.ArmyQuartermasterCorpsrequestedvariousAmericanchocolatemanufacturerstoprovide20to40poundblocksofchocolatetobeshippedtoquartermasterbases.TheblockswerecutintosmallerdistributedtoAmericansoldiersinEurope.Eventuallythetaskofmakingsmallerpieceswasturnedbacktothe優(yōu)選manufacturers.Bytheendofthewarwhenthesoldiersarrivedhome,theAmericancandybarbusinesswasassured.Why"Becausethereturningsoldiershadgrownfondofchocolatecandyandwantedmoreofthesame.Asaresultfromthattimeonandthroughthe1920's,candybarmanufacturersbecameestablishedthroughouttheUnitedStates,andasmanyas40,000differentcandybarsappearedonthescene.TheoriginalcandybarindustryhaditsstartontheeasterncoastinsuchcitiesasPhiladelphia,Boston,andNewYork.TheindustrysoonspreadtotheMidwestbecauseshippingandrawmaterialssuchassugar,cornsyrup,andmilkwereeasilyavailable.Chicagobecametheseatofthecandybarindustryandiseventodayanimportantbase.48.WhydidM.S.Hersheystarttheproductionofchocolatebars"HewasdeeplyimpressedbytheColumbianExposition.HerealizedthatitwaspossibleforchocolatetobeepopularTherewasnothingtoproduceinhisfactoryinLancaster.HewasinterestedinthechocolatemachinerydisplayedatthefairWhicheventbroughttheboomingofAmericancandybarbusiness"Theaddingofnewmaterials.ThedemandinthearmyduringWWI.ThepurchaseofnewmachinesTheappearanceofsmallercandybars.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"seat"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean"A.Focus.Position.優(yōu)選C.Chair.D.CenterWhatisthispassagemainlyaboutWorldFairheldinChicagoin1893.ThepopularityoftheAmericancandybarindustry.oThecandybarindustryduringWorldWar.ThespreadofthecandybarbusinesstotheMidwest.PassageFiveMarkTwainisoneofAmerica'smuch-belovedauthors,creatingimaginativeandhumorousclassicsforchildrenandadultsalike,suchasTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,ThePrinceandThePauper,andAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.Twainpassedawayin1910,leavingbehindatreasureofgreatliterature.Butnow,100yearsafterhisdeath,he'llhaveabrand-newbookontheshelves:athree-volumeautobiography.Twainhasn'tbeenkeepingbusyinhistombitwashiswishthatpublisherswaituntil100yearsafterhisdeathtopublishhismemoirs)whichhespentthelastdecadeofhislifeworkingon.Theautobiographytotalsmorethan5,000pages,andlikelywon'tbeallsunshineandroses.ItseemsthatTwainharboredsomebitternessagainstformergirlfriendsandex-friends.Healsowritesnegativelyaboutpoliticiansofhisday,suchasTeddyRoosevelt.It'slikelythatherequestedsuchalongleadtimeforthememoirsbecausehedidn'twanttohurtthefeelingsofanyonementionedinthiswork.優(yōu)選Althoughsmallsectionsofthememoirshavebeenpreviouslypublishedtheautobiographyhasneverbeenavailableinfull,andshouldprovidegreatinsightsintothemanbehindtheclassicbooks.ThefirstvolumeofthesetwillbeavailableinNovember,andthetrilogyisbeingpublishedbytheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley."TherearesomanybiographiesofTwain,andmanyofthemhaveusedbitsandpiecesoftheautobiography",editorRobertHirsttoldTheIndependent."Butbiographerspickandchoosewhatbitstoquote.BypublishingTwain'sbookinfullwehopethatpeoplewillbeabletoetotheirownpleteconclusionsaboutwhatsortofamanhewas."AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthestatementsisTRUEofMarkTwain"Heleftbehindlotsofmoney.Hisworkswerewrittenforchildren.Hisworksarefullofadventures.Heisfamousforhisgreatworks.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarkTwain'sautobiographyfromthepassage"A.IthasbeenpublishedagainstTwain'swill.ItshowsTwain'srespectforpoliticians.Itwillbepublishedinfull.Ithasbeenrecentlyfinished.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"trilogy"inParagraph4mean"workinthreevolumes.Animaginativework.優(yōu)選C.collectionofstories.D.Memoirsoffamouspeople.WhatisthepurposeofpublishingTwain'sautobiography"Tosupplementotherbiographies.TohelpreaderstounderstandMarkTwain.TointroduceMarkTwain'sworks.ToexposenewdiscoveriesaboutMarkTwainV.DailyConversation(15points)Directions:PickoutappropriateexpressionsfromtheeightchoicesbelowandpletethefollowingdialoguesbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.A.Whenshallwesetoff B.WhatisthetimeC.haveawonderfultime D.startpackingbegreatfun F.WhatcouldIgetG.WhatshouldItake H.wheretoMary:HowdoyouliketheideaofhavingapiicthisSaturday"John:Wonderful.But56"Mary: