2022-2023年遼寧省錦州市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)

2022-2023年遼寧省錦州市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Class,income,education,racialandreligiousbackgroundseemtoplayanimportantpartinchoosingamate.

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2.

Ifyouwanttohelpyourdaughtergiveupherdrugaddiction,you'dbettercalltelephonenumberof______toseekhelp.

3.

Unlikehumanswhotendtohaveonelongsleep,dogsprefertosleepin______.

4.

IntheUnitedStates,somecitizensfearpeoplewithAIDS,butothers______thoselivingwiththedisease.

5.

InFrance,whoundertakedutiessuchasbeingnicetochildrenorcourteoustoadeafgrandmother?

A.Relatives.B.Friends.C.Families.D.Colleagues.

6.

Iftrappedunderdebris,itisdangeroustolightamatchasitmaycause______.

7.

______inyourbodyfunctionstokeepthebalancebetweenthecaloriesyourbodyburnsandthequantityittakesin.

8.

Somebusinessmenhavefoundit______byputtingusersintovideo-game-likevirtualworlds.

9.

WhenMoss-Tuckerbegansnoring,shewasabout______.

A.56yearsoldB.46yearsoldC.36yearsoldD.26yearsold

10.

Whenmanagersareskilfulin______distrust,employeeturnoverisusuallyimproved.

11.

Youcanconcludethatworkersbefore1935were______thantoday'sworkers.

12.

Whythepowerofsmalltalkshouldneverbeunderestimated?

A.Becausepeoplemaybeginalonglastingfriendshiporbusinessassociation.

B.Becausepeoplemayhaveanicechat.

C.Becausepeoplemayexchangeinformation.

D.Allabove.

13.HowATMsWork?

You'reshortoncash,soyouwalkovertotheautomatedtellermachine(ATM),insertyourcardintothecardreader,respondtothepromptsonthescreen,andwithinaminuteyouwalkawaywithyourmoneyandareceipt.HaveyoueverwonderedabouttheprocessthatmakesyourbankfundsavailabletoyouatanATMontheothersideofthecountry?

ATMCardvs.CheckCard

Asanalternativetowritingchecksandusingacreditcard,mostmajorbankshaveteamedupwithmajorcredit-cardcompaniestoissuecheckcards.

CheckcardsaredifferentfromstraightATMcardsinacoupleofways.First,checkcardsarealsoknownasdebitcardsbecauseofhowtheywork—insteadofgettingcreditforyourpurchaseandreceivingamonthlybill,likeyoudowithacreditcard,acheck/debitcarddeductsmoneyfromyourcheckingorsavingsaccount.

Also,whileyoucanonlyuseyourATMcardattheATMmachine(andsomegrocerystores),youcanuseacheckcardatmostretailersthatacceptcreditcards.

Thereareexceptions.Somehotelsandrentalcarservicesonlyacceptcreditcardsbecauseit'seasier,cheaper,andlessofarisktothemthancheckcards.Thosethatdoacceptcheckcardsoftenputacertainamountofmoneyinyourbankaccount"onhold"(unavailabletoyou)usuallythecostoftheroomorrentalincludingtaxesandotherfees,plusapercentageofthetotalorafeetocoverpossibledamages.Whenyoucheckoutofthehotelorturninyourrentalcar,thedifferencebetweenthe"hold'amountandwhatyou'reactuallybilledisreleasedbackintoyouraccount.Thisissomethingtoconsiderwhenusingyourdebitcardtoreserveahotelroomorrentacar.

TheWayATMsWork

AnATMissimplyadataterminalwithtwoinputandfouroutputdevices.Likeanyotherdataterminal,theATMhastoconnectto,municatethrough,ahostprocessor.ThehostprocessorisanalogoustoanInternetserviceprovider(ISP)inthatitisthegatewaythroughwhichallthevariousATMnetworksbecomeavailabletothecardholder(thepersonwantingthecash).

Mosthostprocessorscansupporteitherleased-lineordialupmachines.Leased-linemachinesconnectdirectlytothehostprocessorthroughafour-wire,point-to-point,dedicatedtelephoneline.DialupATMsconnecttothehostprocessorthroughanormalphonelineusingamodemandatoll-freenumber,orthroughanInternetserviceproviderusingalocalaccessnumberdialedbymodem.

Leased-lineATMsarepreferredforveryhigh-volumelocationsbecauseoftheirthru-putcapability,anddial-upATMaarepreferredforretailmerchantlocationswherecostisagreaterfactorthanthru-put.Theinitialcostforadial-upmachineislessthanhalfthatforaleased-linemachine.Themonthlyoperatingcostsfordial-upareonlyafractionofthecostsforleased-line.

Thehostprocessormaybeownedbyabankorfinancialinstitution,oritmaybeownedbyanindependentserviceprovider.Bank-ownedprocessorsnormallysupportonlybank-ownedmachines,whereastheindependentprocessorssupportmerchant-ownedmachines.

SensingBills

Thecash-dispensingmechanismhasanelectriceyethatcountseachbillasitexitsthedispenser.Thebillcountandalloftheinformationpertainingtoaparticulartransactionisrecordedinajournal.Thejournalinformationisprintedoutperiodicallyandahardcopyismaintainedbythemachineownerfortwoyears.Wheneveracardholderhasadisputeaboutatransaction,beorshecanaskforajournalprintoutshowingthetransaction,andthencontactthehostprocessor.Ifnooneisavailabletoprovidethejournalprintout,thecardholderneedstonotifythebankorinstitutionthatissuedthecardandfilloutaform.thatwillbefaxedtothehostprocessor.Itisthehost

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14.Agoodexerciseforpeoplewhoareregaininganormalconditionafteraninjurymaybe______.

15.

AmongscholarsinEnglishliterature,Oslerisknownasanauthorityon______.

16.JudgingfromDukeUniversity'srecentstudy,evenstudentsrecruitedbytopcollegesseemtohave______before.

17.BiologicalMimicry

TheInventionofVelcro

Aftertakinghisdogforawalkonedayintheearly1940s,GeorgedeMestral,aSwissinventor,becamecuriousabouttheseedsoftheburdockplantthathadattachedthemselvestohisclothesandtothedog'sfur.Underamicroscope,helookedcloselyatthehook-and-loopsystemthattheseedshaveevolvedtohitchhikeonpassinganimalsandaidpollination,andherealisedthatthesameapproachcouldbeusedtojoinotherthingstogether.TheresultwasVelcro,aproductthatwasarguablymorethanthreebillionyearsinthemaking,sincethatishowlongthenaturalmechanismthatinspiredittooktoevolve.

Velcroisprobablythemostfamousandcertainlythemostsuccessfulexampleofbiologicalmimicry,or"biomimetics".In.fieldsfromroboticstomaterialsscience,technologistsareincreasinglyborrowingideasfromnature,andwithgoodreason:nature'sdesignshave,bydefinition,stoodthetestoftime,soitwouldbefoolishtoignorethem.Yettransplantingnaturaldesignsintoman-madetechnologiesisstillahit-or-missaffair.

"Engineersdependonbiologiststodiscoverinterestingmechanismsforthemtoexploit,"saysJulianVincent,thedirectoroftheCentreforBiomimeticandNaturalTechnologiesattheUniversityofBathinEngland.Soheandhiscolleagueshavebeenworkingonaschemetoenableengineerstobypassthebiologistsandtapintonature'singenuitydirectly,viaadatabaseof"biologicalpatents".Theideaisthatthisdatabasewillletanyonesearchthroughawiderangeofbiologicalmechanismsandpropertiestofindnaturalsolutionstotechnologicalproblems.

ThePowerofBiomimetics

Surelyhumanintellect,andthedeliberateapplicationofdesignknowledge,candevisebettermechanismsthanthemindless,randomprocessofevolution?Overbillionsofyearsoftrialanderror,naturehasdevisedeffectivesolutionstoallsortsofcomplicatedreal-worldproblems.Taketheslipperytaskofcontrollingasubmersiblevehicle,forexample.Usingpropellers,itisincrediblydifficulttomakerefinedmovements.ButNektonResearch,acompanybasedinDurham,NorthCarolina,hasdevelopedarobotfishcalledMadeleinethatmanoeuvresusingfinsinstead.

Insomecases,engineerscanspenddecadesinventingandperfectinganewtechnology,onlytodiscoverthatnaturebeatthemtoit.TheVenusflowerbasket,forexample,akindofdeep-seasponge,hasspinyskeletaloutgrowthsthatareremarkablysimilar,bothinappearanceandopticalproperties,tocommercialopticalfibres,notesJoannaAizenberg,aresearcheratLucentTechnology'sBellLaboratoriesinNewJersey.Andsometimesthesystemsfoundinnaturecanmakeeventhemostadvancedtechnologieslookprimitivebycomparison,shesays.

Theskeletonsofbrittlestars,whichareseacreaturesrelatedtostarfishandseaurchins(海膽),containthousandsoftinylensesthatcollectivelyform.asingle,distributedeye.Thisenablesbrittlestarstoescapepredatorsanddistinguishbetweennightandday.Besideshavingunusualopticalpropertiesandbeingverysmall--eachisjustonetwentiethofamillimetreindiameter—thelenseshaveanothertrickofparticularrelevancetomicro-opticalsystems.Althoughthelensesarefixedinshape,theyareconnectedviaanetwork0ffluid-filledchannels,containingalight-absorbingpigment.Thecreaturecanvarythecontrastofthelensesbycontrollingthisfluid.Thesameideacanbeappliedinman-madelenses,saysDrAizenberg."Thesearemadefromsiliconandsocannotchangetheirproperties,"shesays.Butbycopyingthebrittlestar'sfluidicsystem,shehasbeenabletomakebiomimeticlensarrayswiththesameflexibility.

Anotherdemonstrationofthepowerofbiomimeticscomesfromthegecko(壁虎).Thislizard'sabilitytowal

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18.

______iscalled"blackcarbon"pollution.

19.TheAmericanVisitor

ThebigredAmericanearwasmuchtoowideforanEnglishcountryroad.WhenPaulCarsonsawitcomingtowardshim,hestoppedhisowncarattheside,tomakeroomforittopass.

Thebigcarwentslowlypast,soclosethatPaulcouldseeitsdriver'sfacequiteclearly.Itwasnotaprettyface.Themouthwastoolarge,andtheearsweretoosmall.Theblackhairwascutveryshort,andtheeyeswerehiddenbehinddarkglasses.

"WherehaveIseenthatfacebefore?"Paulwondered."Waitaminute.Iremembernow.Itwasinthenewspaper."Heturnedtohissister."Haveyoustillgotyesterday'spaper,Nora?Ordidyoulightthefirewithitthismorning?YouusuallydowhenIneedit."

"No,Ididn't,"laughedNora."Butit'sratherdirty.Iputthefishinitjustnowastheyhadnopaperinthefishshop.It'sontheflooratthebackoftheear.I'llgetitifyoulike."

Sheopenedthebackdoorandtookthefishoutofthepaper.Paulturnedquicklytothemiddlepageandshowedherthepicture.Itwaspartlycoveredwithwetfish'sblood,butthefacewasclearenough.Itwasnotaprettyface.Ithadalargemouthandsmallears,anditseyeswerehiddenbehinddarkglasses.

"Wantedbythepolice,"readPaul,"forpayingbillswithuselesschequesathotelsandshopsinMargate,Brightonandotherlargeseasidetowns.TheCityBankwillpayfiftypoundstoanyonewhohelpsthepolicetocatchthisman."

"DoesitsayanythingaboutanAmericancare"

"No.Butlistentothis.HeisEnglish,butheusuallytalksanddresseslikeanAmericanvisitor.Perhapsit'sastolencar.Menlikehimuseadifferentcareveryweek."

"That'strue.Whatareyougoingtodo,Paul?Callthepolice?"

"No.Iwanttomakesurefirst."Heturnedthecarandbegantodrivebackthesameway."Let'sfollowhimandwatchforafewminutes.What'shiscarnumber?Whereishestaying?Togetourfiftypounds,wemustbeabletotellthepoliceasmuchaspossible."

Soontheysawtheredcarinfrontofthem.Itseemedtobegoingveryslowly.

"Don'tgotoonear,Paul.Ifheseesus,we'llnevercatchhim.Oh,becareful,he'sstopping!"

Paulstoppedhisowncarbehindanoldfarm-cartattheroadside,sothatthemancouldnotseehim.Thedooroftheredcaropened,anditsdrivergotoutandlookedround.Thenhestartedwalkingtowardsanoldwhitehouse,whichwashalf-hiddenbytreesalittlewayfromtheroad.

"That'sSeldonManor,theLightfoot'shouse!"saidPaul."They'reawayinGreecethissummer,stayingwithherfamily.DickLightfootmarriedaGreekgirl,youremember?Thegardeneristakingcareoftheplace,butthere'snoonelivingthereatpresent."Helookedoncemoreatthepictureinthenewspaper.Thenhegotoutofthecar.

"Listen,Nora.Youmuststayherewiththecar.I'mgoingacrossthefieldtothesideofthehouse.Hewon'tseeme,butI'llbeabletowatchhim.Ifyouhearmecall,driveuptothehouseasquicklyasyoucan."

Heleftherandranacrossthefield.Themanwascomingawayfromthefrontdoorandwalkingroundthesideofthehouse.Thedoorofthegarden-roomwasopen,andhewentinside.

PaulCarsondidnotstoptothinkortoaskquestions.Heranacrossthegardenandshutthedoor.Thenhefixeditsothatitcouldbeopenedonlyfromoutside.Therewasnootherdoororwindow.Themanwascaught.

Pauldidnotwaittotalk.Heranbacktothecarasfastashecould.Behindhimhecouldheartheangrymantryingtobreakthedooropen.Butitwasastrongdoor;hewouldsoongettiredofhittingit.

Whentheyreachedthepolicestation,Paulwentinandquicklytoldthepoliceofficerallaboutth

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20.Whenyougotoacompanyforaninterview,thereisnoneedtocarethefeelingsoftbereceptionists.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B8】

22.聽力原文：Ofallthemethodsofdiscoveringnewideas,DisneyduringtheEisneryearshadoneofthemostunconventional.Modeledaftera1970stelevisionprogram,Disney's"GongShow"wasabighitwithmanagersandordinaryemployeesalike.

Threetimesayear,Eisnerandtwoofhistopassistantswoulddevoteadaytolisteningtoanybodyandeverybody—secretaries,setdesigners,themeparkemployees—whowantedtoproposeanidea.Asmanyas40peoplewereallowedtoperform,presentorotherwiseselltheirideauntilaloudgongwouldsignalthattimewasup.Then,afteralltheideaswereexpressed,Eisnerandhismanagerswoulddiscusseachoneandmakeadecision.

AccordingtoPeterSchneider,presidentofDisneyfeaturesatthetime,mostofDisney'scartoonmoviesoriginatedfromthesesessions,asdidtheideaforDisney'sretailstores.Mostorganizationsdon'tinviteideaswithsuchinsight,nordotheygiveinstantfeedbackormakequick"yesorno"decisions.

"Inmostcompaniesthereisnoobviousstrategyforselectingorevenevaluatingideas,"concludestheAmericanManagementAssociation'ssurveyof1,356globalmanagers.Nearlyhalfofrespondentsreportedthattheirfirms"don'thaveastandardpolicyforevaluatingideas".Andonly17%saidtheyuseanindependentreviewprocesstoevaluateideas.

Aneffective,transparentselectionprocessisessentialtosystematicinnovation.Withoutone,ideashavenopathtowardgainingfundingandresourcesandimplementation.Thispowerresidesinthetopoftheorganization,andassociatesarereluctanttoassertthemselves.Anestablishedreviewprocessinvitesparticipationbythosewhosejobisnotspecificallyinnovation.Itconnectsyour"ideafunnel"toyour"ideapipeline"andacceleratestheflowofideas.

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.What'sthepurposeofDisneyhavingthe"GongShow"?

34.WhatdowelearnaboutEisner?

35.ComparedwithDisney,whatdomostorganizationsdo?

(30)

A.Toshowitsnewmovies.

B.Tohavemoreinnovations.

C.Toinvitemorepeopletoitsparks.

D.Togiveincentivesandbonustoallitsemployees.

23.聽力原文：W:I'veheardgreatthingsaboutthatmoviethatjustcameout.Youwanttogoseeittonight?

M:I'dloveto,butI'vegotahistoryfinalintwodays,andIhaven'tstudiedallquarter.IthinkI'dbettertakearaincheckthistime.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(19)

A.Heneedstotakeabreakfromhisstudying.

B.Helovesthewomanverymuch.

C.Hedoesn'tlikegoingoutintherain.

D.Hewillnotbeabletoaccompanythewoman.

24.聽力原文：M:IwassodisappointedtohearthatJimlosthisjob.Iknowthathisdaughterwassicklastmonth,sohewasalwayslatetowork.

W:Oh,thatwasn'tit.Jimmadeabigerrorinthisweek'saccounting.Thebosswasfurious.

Q:WhywasJimfired?

(14)

A.Hewasfuriouswithhisboss.

B.Hewasalwayslateforwork.

C.Hisdaughter'sbeingsickmadehimlate.

D.Hemadeabigmistakeinhiswork.

25.(16)

A.He'smaybetooweaktoadjust.

B.Heisbeingstressedbytheman.

C.Hewilllearntohanghisclothesinanotherweek.

D.Heshouldgetbetterthenextweek.

26.聽力原文：M:Doyouthinkyou'llbeabletogetthisinkstainoutofmypants?

W:Itwon'tbeaproblembutI'llneedtosendthemovertoamaincleaningfacility.That'sanextraday'stime.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(13)

A.Themancanhavehispantsattheendoftheday.

B.Cleaningthepantswilltakelongerthanusual.

C.Shedoesn'tthinkthestaincanberemoved.

D.Themanshouldgotoadifferentlocation.

27.(25)

A.Shewillfocusonthesportsnews.

B.Shewilltalktotheaudiencefortheadvice.

C.Shewon'tmakeupmindbeforecollectingresourcesofprograms.

D.Shewillstudyawholeweekofnewsprograms.

28.

【B2】

29.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：(26)Afewmonthsago,millionsofpeopleinLondonheardalarmsalloverthetown.Emergencyservices,thefiredepartments,thepolice,hospitalsandambulancesstoodby,readytogointoaction.Inrailwayandundergroundstations,peoplereadnoticesandmaps,whichtoldthemwheretogoandwhattodointheemergency.(26)ThiswasExerciseFloodcall,topreparepeopleforafloodemergence.Londonwasn'tflooded,yet.Butitispossiblethatitwouldbe.In1236andin1663,Londonwasbadlyflooded.In1928,peoplelivinginWestminster,theheartofLondon,drownedinfloods.Andin1953,100people,livingontheeasternedgeoftheLondonsuburbs,werekilledagaininthefloods.Atlast,GreaterLondonCounciltookactiontopreventthisdisasterfromhappeningagain.(27)Thoughafloodwallwasbuiltin1980s,Londonersstillmustbepreparedforthepossibledisaster.Ifithappens,50undergroundstationswillbeunderwater.Electricity,gas,andphoneserviceswillbeoutofaction.Roadswillbedrowned.ItwillbeimpossibletocrossanyofthebridgesbetweenNorthandSouthLondon.Imagine!LondonwilllooklikethefamousItaliancity,Venice.(28)ButthisExerciseFloodcalldidn'tcausepanicamongLondoners.Mostpeopleknewitwasjustawarning.Oneladysaid,"It'safloodwarning,isn'tit?Thewaterdoesn'tlookhightome."

(27)

A.OnebridgebetweenNorthandSouthLondoncollapsed.

B.TheheartofLondonwasflooded.

C.Anemergencyexercisewasconducted.

D.Ahundredpeopleinthesuburbsweredrowned.

30.(35)

A.ThelocalAfricansarepeace-lovingpeople.

B.Sodabottlesareverypreciousinsomeremoteareas.

C.Atrivialthingmaysometimesbringaboutundesirableconsequences.

D.Cautionmustbetakeninintroducingnewtechnology.

31.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Sitwheresheis.

B.Sitwherethereisabreeze.

C.Extinguishhiscigarette.

D.Movetoanotherpartoftheplane.

32.(32)

A.Manywelcometheideaofhavingmorebarsonboard.

B.Manyprefertheferrytomaintainitspresentspeed.

C.Somesuggestimprovingthedesignofthedeck.

D.Someobjecttousinglargerluxuryboats.

33.聽力原文：M:Niceworkingwithyou.Ihopewecandobusinessagain.

W:Yes,Iwouldlikethat.

Q:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

(19)

A.Businessassociates.

B.Bossandsecretary.

C.Teacherandstudent.

D.Goodfriends.

34.

【B5】

35.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Today'slecturewillcenterontheprehistoricpeopleofNevadaDesert.Nowmostoftheseprehistoricdesertpeople(36)movedacrossthecountrysidethroughouttheyear.Youmightthinkthattheywillwanderingaimlessly.Farfromit,theyactuallyfolloweda(37)Seriesofcarefullyplannedmoves.Wheretheymoveddependedonwherefoodwas(38)available.Placeswhereplantswereripeningorfishwere(39)spawning.Nowoftenwhenthesepeoplemoved,theycarriedalltheir(40)possessionsontheirbacks.Butifthejourneywaslong,extrafoodandtoolsweresometimesstoredincavesor(41)beneathrocks.Oneofthesecavesisnowanexciting(42)archaeologicalsite.Beyonditssmallopeningisahugeunderground(43)grotto.Eventhoughthecaveisverylarge.(44)Itwascertainlytoodarkanddustyforthetravelerstolivein.But(45)itwasagreatplacetohidethings.Andtremendousamountsoffoodsuppliesandartifactshavebeenfoundthere.Thefoodincludesdriedfish,seedsandnuts.(46)Theartifactsincludestonespearpointsandknives.Thespearpointsareactuallyrathersmall.Hereisapictureofsomethatwerefound.Youcanseetheirsizeinrelationtothehandsholdingthem.

Today'slecturewe'llcenterontheprehistoricpeopleofNevadaDesert.Nowmostoftheseprehistoricdesertpeople【B1】______thecountrysidethroughouttheyear.Youmightthinkthatthey'rewanderingaimlessly.Farfromit,theyactuallyfollowedthe【B2】______ofcarefullyplannedmoves.Wheretheymoveddependedonwherefoodwas【B3】______.Placeswhereplantswereripeningorfishwere【B4】______.Nowoftenwhenthesepeoplemoved,theycarriedalltheir【B5】______.ontheirhacks.Butifthejourneywaslong,extrafoodandtoolsweresometimesstoredincavesor【B6】______rocks.Oneofthesecavesisnowanexciting【B7】______site.Beyonditssmallopeningisahugeunderground【B8】______,Eventhoughthecaveisverylarge.Itwascertainlytoodarkanddustyforthetravelersto【B9】________________.Butitwasagreatplaceto【B10】_____________________Andtremendousamountsoffoodsuppliesandartifactshavebeenfoundthere.Thefoodincludesdriedfish,seedsandnuts.Theartifactsincludestonespearpointsand【B11】_____________________.Thespearpointsareactuallyrathersmall.Hereisapictureofsomethatwerefound.Youcanseetheirsizeinrelationtothehandsholdingthem.

【B1】

36.

【B7】

37.

【B6】

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Mostpeoplepicturesharksashuge,powerful,frighteningpredators,readyatanymomentstousetheirsharpteethtoattackcarelessswimmerswithoutprovocation.But,peoplemayhavesomewrongideasontheconceptionofsharks.

First,thereare350speciesofshark,andnotallofthemarelarge.Theyrangeinsizefromthedwarfshark,whichcanbeonly6incheslongandcanbeheldinthepalmofthehand,tothewhaleshark,whichcanbemorethan55feetlong.

Second,thedifferentspeciesofsharkvarytremendouslyinthenumberandtypeofteeth.Asharkcanhavefromonetosevensetsofteethatthesametime,andsometypesofsharkearlhaveseveralhundredteethineachjaw.Itistruethatthefierceandpredatoryspeciesdopossessextremelysharpandbrutalteethusedtoriptheirpreyapart:manyothertypesofshark,however,haveteethmoreadaptedtograbbingandholdingthantocuttingandslashing.

Finally,notallsharksarepredatoryanimalsreadytostrikeoutathumans.Infact,only12ofthe350speciesofsharkhavebeenknowntoattackhumans,andasharkneedstobeprovokedinordertoattack.Thetypesofsharkthathavetheworstrecordwithhumansarethetigershark,thebullshark,andthegreatwhiteshark.However,formostspeciesofshark,evensomeofthelargesttypes,therearenoknowninstancesofattacksonhumans.

(27)

A.Ittriestocategorizethedifferentkindsofsharksthroughouttheworld.

B.Ittriestowarnhumansofthedangersposedbysharks.

C.Ittriestodescribethecharacteristicsofsharkteeth.

D.Ittriestoclearupmisconceptionsaboutsharks.

39.聽力原文：We'vebeenlookingatfearfromabiologicalperspective,andsomeoneaskedwhetherthetendencytobefearfulisgenetic.Well,somestudiesdonewithmiceindicatethatmammalsdoinheritfearfulnesstosomedegree.Inonestudy,forinstance,agroupofmicewasplacedinabrightly-litopenboxwithnohidingplaces.Someofthemicewanderedaroundtheboxanddidn'tappeartobebotheredofbeingsoexposed.Butothermicedidn'tmove.Theystayedupagainstonewall,whichindicatedthattheywereafraid.Well,whenfearfulmice,oryoumightsayanxiousmiceliketheoneswhostayedinoneplace.Whenmicelikethesewerebredwithoneanotherrepeatedly,afterabout12orsogenerations,thenalloftheoffspringshowedsimilarsignsoffearfulness.Andevenwhenanew-bornmousefromthisgenerationwasraisedbyamotherandwithothermicewhowerenotfearful,thatmousestilltendedtobefearfulasanadult.Nowwhyisthis?Wellit'sthoughtthatspecificgenesinananimal'sbodyhaveaninfluenceonanxiousbehavior.Thesearegenesthatareassociatedwithparticularnerve-cellreceptorsinthebrain.Andthedegreeofoveralloffearfulnessinthemammalseemstodependinlargepartonthepresenceorabsenceofthesenerve-cellreceptors.Andthisappearstoapplytohumansaswellbytheway.Butwhileatendencytowardsanxietyandfearmaywellbeaninheritedtrait,thespecificform.thatthefeartakeshasmoretodowiththeindividual'senvironment.Soaparticularfear,lik