2022年新教材高考英語一輪復習Unit4Breakingboundaries學案選擇性必修第二冊

Unit4Breakingboundaries(一)高頻重點詞匯eq\a\vs4\al(/)分類記憶，用時少，功效高Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯·讀懂默想下面單詞的含義，不會的在□中做出標記并核對識記?！?.boundaryn． □2.tacklev．□3.endurev.□4.comraden. □5.tragicadj. □6.combatv.□7.disinfectv. □8.communistadj. □9.miraclen.□10.wardn. □11.castv. □12.jointadj.□13.mountv. □14.slaven. □15.relievev.□16.libertyn. □17.unionn．,[自主核對區(qū)]1．分界線；邊界2.處理，對付(難題)3.持續(xù)存在4.同志；朋友5.悲慘的，不幸的6.防止，抑制7.為……消毒，給……殺菌8.共產(chǎn)主義的9.意外的幸運事；奇跡10.病房11.選派(角色)12.聯(lián)合的，共同的13.走上，登上14.奴隸15.給(某人)換班16.自由17.聯(lián)邦Ⅱ.核心詞匯·練通[辨詞義·寫詞形]1．clinicn．診所；門診部2．twinadj. 雙胞胎的3．mankindn. 人類4．specialistn. 專家5．a(chǎn)ltogetheradv. 完全6．noblyadv. 高尚地；崇高地7．devotionn. 關愛；奉獻；熱心[入語境·重活用]1．(2020·江蘇卷)Theoutbreak(爆發(fā))ofCOVID-19hasmeantanabruptchangeinourlifeandwork.2．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatistics(數(shù)據(jù))fromthereport.3．(2019·天津卷)Understandinghistoryisvital(重要的)tounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.4．(2018·北京卷)Lastweek,wetooktheforeignstudentsinourschooltoexperiencetheauthenticteaculture,whichturnedout tobeextremelyrewarding(值得的)．Ⅲ.拓展詞匯·用活1．a(chǎn)ssistv．協(xié)助，幫助，援助→assistantn．助手，助理；售貨員adj.輔助的；助理的；有幫助的→assistancen．協(xié)助，援助；輔助設備2．divisionn．分歧，分裂；分割，劃分，分配；分界線→dividevt.劃分；分開3．influentialadj.有影響力的→influencev．影響n．影響；有影響的人(或事物)4．infectiousadj.傳染性的→infectv．傳染，感染→infectionn．傳染；傳染病5．realisticadj.(目標、希望)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的；現(xiàn)實的；逼真的→realityn．現(xiàn)實，事實→realisevt.實現(xiàn)；意識到6．harmoniousadj.和睦的，融洽的；和諧的；協(xié)調(diào)的→harmonyn．和諧，協(xié)調(diào)，融洽7．civiladj.公民的，國民的→civilianadj.平民的，百姓的n．平民，老百姓[語境活用]——用所給詞的適當形式填空1．People'slifehereisfullofharmonyandatthesametime,humansandnaturemakeaharmoniouspicture.(harmony)2．Sheisverygoodatmakingfriendsandinfluencingpeople,soshehasagreatinfluenceonmeandIlikethisinfluentialgirl.(influence)3．Inreality,_IhaverealisedthatImuststopdaydreamingandberealistic．(realise)4．Tomisanassistantteacherinthecollege.Heoftenassiststhestudentswiththeirproblemsandgivesassistancetoanystudentinneed.(assist)(二)高頻短語串記eq\a\vs4\al(/)記牢用活，不枯燥，興趣高單元短語·再現(xiàn)1．bring_forth 使產(chǎn)生，使出現(xiàn)2._in_vain 白白地3．regardless_of 不管，不顧4．put_sb._at_risk 使某人處于危險中5．give_up_on 對……不再抱希望6．be_caught_up_in 被牽扯進，被卷入7．not_to_mention 更不用提8．in_memory_of 為了紀念9．a(chǎn)t_a_great_cost 付出巨大代價10．step_by_step 逐步地11．be_engaged_in 從事；忙于[語境活用]——選用左欄短語填空1．Theprisonerescapedthroughaholeinthewalllastnight,butin_vain．2．Ourfriendwillbring_forththisquestionatthemeeting.3．(江蘇卷)Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardless_oftimeandspace.4．Wewillbuildamonumentin_memory_ofthosewhosacrificedtheirlivesforourcountry.5.Shewas_engaged_incharityandbecameafamouspersonathomeandabroad.6．Forothercountries,therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness,tourismandsoon,not_to_mentionthebettercommunicationamongthosecountries.會積累(日積月累，聯(lián)想發(fā)散)1.以“-ic”結(jié)尾的形容詞＋“ally”構成副詞①tragicadj.悲慘的→tragicallyadv.悲慘地②historicadj.歷史性的→historicallyadv.歷史地③electricadj.電動的→electricallyadv.用電地④scientificadj.科學的→scientificallyadv.科學地⑤energeticadj.精力充沛的→energeticallyadv.有活力地2.以“-ious”結(jié)尾的形容詞①harmonyn．和諧→harmoniousadj.和諧的②ambitionn．野心→ambitiousadj.有野心的③anxietyn．焦慮→anxiousadj.憂慮的④curiosityn．好奇心→curiousadj.好奇的3.以“-ial”結(jié)尾的形容詞①influential有影響的②beneficial 有益的③commercial 商業(yè)的④facial 面部的⑤financial 金融的⑥social 社會的⑦official 官方的⑧special 特別的(三)重點句型仿寫eq\a\vs4\al(/)熟記公式，練原句，表達高背佳句明句型巧仿寫Itassistspeoplebasedonneed,regardlessofwhichcountrytheyarefrom.它根據(jù)需要幫助人們，不管他們來自哪個國家。介詞＋賓語從句1.(2020·天津卷7月)因為我擅長的東西而被接受真是太好了。Itwassogoodtofeelacceptedfor_what_I'm_good_at.續(xù)表背佳句明句型巧仿寫Channelsofcommunication，suchasthemobilephoneandtheInternet,havemadeitpossibletospeakinstantlywithsomeoneontheothersideoftheplanet，enablingustoformcloseconnectionswithpeopleofcompletelydifferentcultures.通過手機和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等交流渠道，我們可以與地球另一端的人即時交談，從而使我們能夠與文化背景完全不同的人建立密切聯(lián)系?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語2.(2018·江蘇卷)在這期間，大約13500個新的工作被創(chuàng)造，超過市場分析師堅持的12000個的預期數(shù)量。Around13，500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,exceeding_the_expected_number_of_12，000heldbymarketanalysts.NowitwasuptothelivingtoremovenotonlythedivisionsbetweenNorthandSouth，buttheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite，andworkstepbysteptowardstheequalityofhumankind.現(xiàn)在，活著的人不僅要消除南北之間的隔閡，而且要消除黑人與白人之間的界限，一步一步地努力實現(xiàn)人類的平等。“Itisuptosb.todo...”意為“由某人決定做……”3.是否繼續(xù)上這一門課程由她決定。It's_up_to_her_to_decidewhetherornottogoonwiththecourse.assistv．協(xié)助，幫助，援助[先練會]——單句語法填空①We'relookingforvolunteerswhowouldbewillingtoassistuswiththegroup'swork.②Withtheassistance(assist)ofhisteacher,hegraduallyadjustedtotheschoollife.③Herearesomegoodsourcesofinformationtoassistyouinmaking(make)thebestselection.[再寫美]——微寫作④我希望你能幫助我們更多地了解英國和西方文化，這能增進我們的理解并有助于我們建立良好的關系。Ihopeyoucanassist_us_to_learn_more_about_England_and_western_culture,_whichcanincreaseourunderstandingandhelpbuildgoodrelationshipsbetweenus.eq\a\vs4\al()(1)assistsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事assistsb.indoingsth. 幫助某人做某事assistsb.withsth. 幫助某人某事(2)assistancen. 幫助；協(xié)助withtheassistance/helpof 在……的幫助下(3)assistantn. 助手，助理；售貨員[佳句背誦]ToassistthestudentsinlearningChinesebetter，ourschoolhasdecidedtodonatesomebookstoyourChineseclass.為了幫助學生更好地學習漢語，我們學校決定給你們的漢語班捐贈一些圖書。vitaladj.極其重要的；生氣勃勃的；必不可少的[先練會]——單句語法填空①(2019·天津卷)Understandinghistoryisvitaltounderstanding_(understand)ourselvesasapeopleandasanation.②What'smore,somedrivers,cyclistsandpedestriansdonotthinkitvitalto_obey(obey)trafficrules.[再寫美]——微寫作③(2018·全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)此外，在中國，當你參加晚宴時，注意餐桌禮儀是至關重要的。Besides,it's_vital_that_you_should_mind_your_table_mannersinChinawhenyouattendadinnerparty.eq\a\vs4\al()bevitalfor/to... 對……極為重要beofvitalimportanceto... 對……至關重要Itisvitalthatsb.(should)dosth.對某人來說，做某事是極重要的。[佳句背誦]Ifwearetomakeadifferenceinenvironmentalprotection,it'svitalthatweshouldbeginwithsmallthings.如果我們想在環(huán)境保護方面有所作為，重要的一點是我們應該從小事做起。[名師點津]Itisnecessary/vital/importantthat...(should)dosth.，should可以省略。rewardingadj.值得做的，有意義的；有益的[先練會]——單句語法填空①EveryonewhoreachedthetopofMountTaiwas_rewarded(reward)withabeautifulview.②(2020·全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文)Everyoneofusconsideredthepickingbothmeaningfulandrewarding(reward)．[再寫美]——一句多譯我非常樂意帶你游玩北京以報答你的慷慨相助。③I'mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijingin_reward_for_your_generous_help．(rewardn．)④I'mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijingas_a_reward_for_your_generous_help．(rewardn．)⑤I'mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijingto_reward_you_for_your_generous_help．(rewardvt.)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)rewardv．酬謝；獎勵，獎賞n. 獎金；回報；報酬rewardsb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而獎賞/酬謝某人rewardsb.withsth. 用某物獎賞/回報 某人(2)inrewardfor... 為獎賞……；為報答……asarewardfor... 作為對……的獎賞/回報[佳句背誦]YouareboundtohaveanunforgettableandrewardingexperienceinChina.在中國，你一定會有一次難忘且有收獲的經(jīng)歷。(2018·北京卷書面表達)divisionn．分歧，分裂；分割，劃分，分配；分界線[先練會]——單句語法填空①Whenyougotothelibrary,youwillfindallofthebooksaredividedintodifferentcategories.②Manyparentsopposedthedivision(divide)oftheclassesintodifferentsets.③Dividethecakeintohalves/inhalfandthengivethemtothetwopeople.④Weworkedtogetheranddividedtheworkbetween/amongus.[再寫美]——句式升級⑤(普通表達)Ifyoudivide21by3，youwillget7.(高級表達)21_divided_by_3_equals_7.(過去分詞作定語)eq\a\vs4\al()dividevt. 劃分；分開bedividedinto 被分開；被(劃)分成……divide...between/among... 在……之間分配……divide...by... ……除以……[名師點津]表示把某物分成幾部分，可與in和into連用，其區(qū)別是：若divide后面只有數(shù)詞(即數(shù)詞后沒有名詞)，則可用in或into；若divide后的數(shù)詞后接有名詞，則通常只能用into。如：Dividetheapplein/intofour(intofourparts)．bringforth使產(chǎn)生，使出現(xiàn)；提出[先練會]——單句語法填空①Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbroughtupbyheraunt.②Thetestcanstrengthenthehealthawareness,butitislikelytobringaboutover-anxiety.③Heencouragedhisstudentstoconstantlybringforthnewideasinpaintingandtoobtainevenbetterresults.[再寫美]——微寫作④把手伸進袋子里，拿出一把小麥樣品。Hedippedintothebagandbrought_out_a_handful_of_sample_wheat．⑤政府已采取措施降低日用品的高價格，以保持市場穩(wěn)定。Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobring_down_the_high_prices_of_daily_goodstokeepthemarketstable.eq\a\vs4\al()bringup 撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；教育；提出；嘔吐bringabout 引起；造成bringdown 讓降下來，使倒下bringin 引進；收入；領……進來bringout 出版；拿出，揭露[佳句背誦]On(the)onehand,computersimprovetheworkingefficiency；ontheotherhand，theyalsobringaboutsomenewproblems.一方面，計算機提高了工作效率；另一方面，它們也帶來了一些新的問題。influentialadj.有影響力的[先練會]——單句語法填空①(2020·新高考山東卷)Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.②Thegrowthofthesevegetablesis_influenced(influence)byseasonalvariations.③Sheisoneofthemostinfluential(influence)figuresinlocalpolitics.④Whatinfluencedyouto_take(take)upnursing?[再寫美]——一句多譯梵·高影響了現(xiàn)代繪畫的發(fā)展。⑤VanGoghhad_an_influence_onthedevelopmentofmodernpainting.(influencen．)⑥VanGoghinfluencedthedevelopmentofmodernpainting.(influencev．)⑦VanGoghhad_an_effect_onthedevelopmentofmodernpainting.(effectn．)eq\a\vs4\al()influencev． 影響n. 影響；有影響的人(或事物)influencesb.todo... 影響某人做……beinfluencedby... 受……的影響haveaninfluenceon/upon... 對……起作用/有影響undertheinfluenceof... 在……的影響下underone'sinfluence 在某人的影響下[佳句背誦]ItwasunderhisinfluencethatIbegantoshowaninterestinlearningEnglish.正是在他的影響下我開始對學習英語感興趣?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語(教材原句)Channelsofcommunication，suchasthemobilephoneandtheInternet,havemadeitpossibletospeakinstantlywithsomeoneontheothersideoftheplanet,enablingustoformcloseconnectionswithpeopleofcompletelydifferentcultures.通過手機和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等交流渠道，我們可以與地球另一端的人即時交談，從而使我們能夠與文化背景完全不同的人建立密切聯(lián)系。[先練會]——單句語法填空①Shethrewthetoyontheground,breaking(break)itintopieces.②Theyreachedthecompanyoutofbreath,onlyto_be_told(tell)theywerefired.③Hewentoutoftheroomwithfewclotheson,onlyfeeling(feel)rathercold.eq\a\vs4\al()(1)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語常表示意料或情理之中的結(jié)果，其邏輯主語常常是整個主句。(2)不定式短語作結(jié)果狀語常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，不定式短語前常加only。[佳句背誦](1)SomestudentsspendtoomuchtimeonQQandWeChat,makingtheirteachersandparentsworried.一些學生在QQ和微信上花了太多時間，讓他們的老師和家長很擔心。(2)NaturehasprovidedShangri-Lawithendlessnaturaltreasures,makingthelandahappyhomeforthelocalpeople.大自然為香格里拉提供了無數(shù)的自然寶藏，使得這片土地成為當?shù)厝嗣竦男腋＜覉@。“Itisuptosb.todo...”意為“由某人決定做……”(教材原句)NowitwasuptothelivingtoremovenotonlythedivisionsbetweenNorthandSouth,buttheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite,andworkstepbysteptowardstheequalityofhumankind.現(xiàn)在，活著的人不僅要消除南北之間的隔閡，而且要消除黑人與白人之間的界限，一步一步地努力實現(xiàn)人類的平等。[先練會]——單句語法填空①—Whatshallwedotonightthen?—Itisuptoyou—whateveryouwant.②Thisistheonlyoneoftheoldestcustomsthathas_been_kept(keep)inthisdistrictuptonow.③He'snotreallyuptoseeing(see)anyvisitors.[再寫美]——微寫作④這個調(diào)皮的小男孩現(xiàn)在很安靜，他一定在搞什么名堂。Thenaughtyboyisquietnowandhemust_be_up_to_something．eq\a\vs4\al()(1)upto 多達……(2)beupto(doing)sth. 正在(做)某事；從事于……；勝任……(3)uptonow 到目前為止(一般與現(xiàn)在完成時連用)[佳句背誦]Whodothepassengersonboardthinkitisuptotomakeafinaldecisionaboutsuchamatter?在船上的乘客認為應該由誰來對這樣一個重大事件做出最終的決定呢？[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表達“勝任”的短語還有：①be_equal_to；②be_fit_for；③be_qualified_for；④be_adequate_to提能訓練一閱讀理解障礙詞Ⅰ.語境辨義——根據(jù)語境寫出加黑詞的詞性及含義1．(2020·天津卷7月)I'mrelievedtoknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIusedtothink.adj.寬慰的2．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)ThestorystartswithaboynamedHuckleberryFinn,whoranawayfromhomeandlivedwithhisfriendJim,aformerslave,onaraftontheMississippiRiver.n．奴隸Ⅱ.熟詞生義——根據(jù)語境寫出加黑詞的詞性及含義1．Pressureismountingonthegovernmenttochangethelaw.v.逐步增加2．(江蘇卷)Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves，butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”．v.投票3．Altogether,itwasadelightfultowngarden,peacefulandsecluded.adv.總體上說Ⅲ.一詞多義1.根據(jù)語境選出tackle的詞性及含義A．v.應付，處理B．v.與某人交涉；向某人提起C．v.抓獲；擒獲(1)Thefirstreasontotackletheseproblemsistosavechildren'slives.__A__(2)Itackledhimaboutthemoneyheowedme.__B__(3)Hetackledamaskedintruderathishomethedaybeforeyesterday.__C__2.根據(jù)語境選出altogether的詞性及含義A．a(chǎn)dv.完全，全部B．a(chǎn)dv.總共，一共C．a(chǎn)dv.總之；總而言之(1)Thefoodwasgoodandwelovedthemusic.Altogetheritwasagreatevening.__C__(2)Thetrainwentslowerandsloweruntilitstoppedaltogether.__A__(3)Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,ofwhichfivearemine.__B__3.根據(jù)語境選出devote的詞性及含義eq\x(A.v.把……奉獻給B.v.把……專用于)(1)Hedecidedtodevotetherestofhislifetoscientificinvestigation.__A__(2)HedevotedamajorsectionofhismassivereporttoananalysisofU．S.aircraftdesign.__B__4.根據(jù)語境選出division的詞性及含義A．n.分開；分隔B．n.除法C．n.分歧；不和D．n.部門E．n.分界線F．n.分配(1)Ahedge(樹籬)formsthedivisionbetweentheirlandandours.__E__(2)Itaughtmydaughterhowtododivisionattheageofsix.__B__(3)Thecurrentdivisionoflabourbetweenworkersandmanagementwillalter.__F__(4)Therearedeepdivisionsintheteamovertheplan.__C__(5)IreceivedanMVPawardfrommydivisionfortheextraeffortsIputintooneofourcustomerrelationships.__D__(6)Inthisstudy,thedivisionofthepopulationintoagegroupsisreasonable.__A__提能訓練二話題微寫作(單元詞匯、句式、語法綜合運用)1．補全要點句①大學畢業(yè)后，我滿懷摯愛，在社區(qū)開了一家診所，為群眾提供幫助。(devotion,clinic,assistance)Aftergraduationfromuniversity,Iwasfull_of_devotionandopened_a_clinic_to_provide_assistancetothecommunity.②我整天忙于和病人打交道，一直走在減輕別人的痛苦的路上。(beengagedin,relieve)I'vebeen_engaged_in_dealing_with_patientsallday,andI'vebeenonthewaytorelieve_other_people's_pain．③不管天氣如何，只要病人有需要，我就及時出現(xiàn)在他們身邊，這讓我贏得了大家的尊重。(regardlessof)Regardless_of_the_weather,_aslongasthepatientsneedme,Iwillbethereintime.Thatmakesmewintherespectofeveryone.④為了更好地為病人服務，我還經(jīng)常與心理(psychological)專家聯(lián)系，解決患者的心理問題。(specialist,tackle)Inordertobetterservethepatients,Ioftencontact_with_psychological_specialists_to_tackle_the_psychological_problemsofpatients.⑤由于忙于工作，我忽略了父母，更別提孝順(befilialto)他們了，這有時會引起誤解。(nottomention,bringforth)BecauseIambusywithmywork,Ineglectmyparents,not_to_mention_being_filial_to_them,_whichsometimesbrings_forth_misunderstanding．⑥今后我將盡力平衡兩者之間的關系，為建立一個和諧的家庭而努力。(harmonious)Inthefuture,Iwilltrymybesttobalancetherelationshipbetweenthetwoandstrivetobuild_a_harmonious_family．2．升級平淡句⑦將句①改為含有形容詞短語作狀語的句子After_graduation_from_university,_full_of_devotion,_I_opened_a_clinic_to_provide_assistance_to_the_community.⑧將句③改為含有定語從句的復合句Regardless_of_the_weather,_as_long_as_the_patients_need_me,_I_will_be_there_in_time,_which_makes_me_win_the_respect_of_everyone.3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：sincethen,however)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Aftergraduationfromuniversity,fullofdevotion,Iopenedaclinictoprovideassistancetothecommunity.Sincethen,I'vebeenengagedindealingwithpatientsallday,andI'vebeenonthewaytorelieveotherpeople'spain.Regardlessoftheweather,aslongasthepatientsneedme,Iwillbethereintime,whichmakesmewintherespectofeveryone.Inordertobetterservethepatients,Ioftencontactwithpsychologicalspecialiststotacklethepsychologicalproblemsofpatients.However,becauseIambusywithmywork,Ineglectmyparents,nottomentionbeingfilialtothem,whichsometimesbringsforthmisunderstanding.Inthefuture,Iwilltrymybesttobalancetherelationshipbetweenthetwoandstrivetobuildaharmoniousfamily.提能訓練三讀后續(xù)寫28——用形容詞和副詞增加細節(jié)描述Ⅰ.翻譯實踐(表示興奮)→普遍表達：當她聽到她獲獎時，她興奮極了。Whensheheardthatshewontheprize,shefeltthrilled/excited.→概括描述：用“upon/ondoing”及適當?shù)母痹~修飾形容詞Upon/On_hearing_the_newsthatshewontheprize,shefeltextremelythrilled/excited.→細節(jié)描述：增加興奮的表現(xiàn)＋句型興奮的表現(xiàn)：眼放光、心跳加速等句型：with＋抽象名詞作狀語一聽到她得獎的消息，她的眼睛因興奮而閃閃發(fā)光。Upon/On_hearing_the_newsthatshewontheprize,her_eyes_shone/glowed_with_excitement．一聽到她得獎的消息，她因興奮而心跳加速。Upon/On_hearing_the_newsthatshewontheprize,her_heart_raced_with_excitement．Ⅱ.迷你語料庫[修辭(figureofspeech)——暗喻(metaphor)]1．Lifeisanunexploredriver,fulloftwistsandturns,greatbeautyanddangeroussurprises.2．Heisalyingdemon!Amonster,notaman!3．Theoldman'sfaceisamapoftime.4．Myheartisalonelyhunterthathuntsonalonelyhill.5．Hedoesn'thaveanideaofhisown.Hejustparrotswhatotherpeoplesay.6．Aheavysilenceblanketedtheroom.7．Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowedandsomefewtobechewedanddigested.A卷——小題夯基練Ⅰ.語境填詞1．Frequentquarrelsbetweenmyparentsarenearlydrivingmecrazy.IfonlyIhadawarmandharmonious(和諧的)family!2．Ourincomehasgotsmaller,sowemustberealistic(現(xiàn)實的)andsellourcar.3．Theprimarytaskinthedisasterareaistopreventtheoutbreakofinfectious(傳染的)diseasesaswellasprovidingwaterandfood.4．Whatexactlyistheinfluence(影響)oftelevisiononchildren?5．Therecanbenodoubtthatdivision(分工)oflaborisanefficientwayoforganizingwork.6．Ican'trepairthecomputermyself,soweneedtogetsomeprofessionalassistance(幫助)．7．QianXuesen,whoisregardedasChina'sfatherofspacetechnology,devoted(致力于)himselftoChina'sspaceactivities.8．Hemadeconsiderableachievementsandbecameafamousspecialist(專家)．9．Thetwins(雙胞胎)resemblecloselyinappearance,butaretotallydifferentincharacter.Ⅱ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)1．Tobeginwith,I'dliketotakethisopportunitytoextendmyheart-feltappreciationtothekindassistance(assist)youhaveofferedmeduringmystayinCanada.2．Forus，thetoppriorityistobuildawell-beingandharmonious(harmony)community.3．Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob，Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding(reward)．4．Infectious(infect)diseasesarespreadingamongmanyofthefloodvictims.5．Makesurethatyourgoalsarerealistic(real)anddonottryfortheimpossible.6．Asaneducationalspecialist(special),hisgrandmotherisalwaysinvitedtogivelecturesaroundthecountry.7．Thedifficultsentenceisdivided(divide)intothreeparts.8．Thepointis,nothowlongyoulive,buthownobly(noble)youlive.Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)1．ThewhiteareinthemajorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeopleareintheminority.2．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Bothmyparentshadagreatinfluenceon/uponmychoiceofwork.Insteadoftryingtopickoutajobforme,theyhelpedmelearnthosethingsthatledmetoit.3．Itisvitalthatweshouldcarryoutthematureideasimmediately.4．Mydreamistogetlegalstatusinthiscountry,regardlessofwhat_peoplesay.5．Allhertimedevoted(devote)todoingtheexperiment，shehadnotimetoponderthatquestion.6．It'sunfairthathegetsverylittleinrewardforhishardwork.7．Divided(divide)intofourgroups,thestudentsintheclassputonthecostumesandperformed.8．Uptonow,organdonationhas_saved(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.Ⅳ.完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯1．他在朋友羅伯特·弗羅斯特的影響下開始寫詩。Hebeginswritingpoetryunder_the_influence_of_his_friend,_RobertFrost.2．由他來處理會上提出的問題。It_is_up_to_him_to_tackle_the_problemputforwardatthemeeting.3．Thesnowlastedaweek.Itresultedinserioustrafficconfusioninthewholearea.→Thesnowlastedaweek,resulting_in_serious_traffic_confusion_in_the_whole_area．(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)4．Itisvitalthatweshouldlearnsomethingfromfailure.→What_is_vital_is_thatweshouldlearnsomethingfromfailure.(what引導主語從句)5．這位圖書館管理員幫他借到了他渴望的那本書。(1)Thelibrarianassisted_him_to_borrow/in_borrowing_the_bookhewasdreamingof.(assist)(2)With_the_assistance_of_the_librarian,_heborrowedthebookhewasdreamingof.(assistance)B卷——大題提能練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·北京朝陽區(qū)一模)AwomanwhoillegallyenteredYellowstoneNationalParkonMay12thhassufferedburnsafteraccidentallyfallingintoathermalfeature(熱景觀)nearitsOldFaithfulGeyser,officialssaid.TheparkhasbeenclosedtoallvisitorssinceMarch24thduetosafetyprecautionsamidthecoronaviruspandemic(新冠病毒流行病)．“Waterinhotspringscancausesevereorfatalburns,andhotwaterunderliesmostofthethin,breakablesurfacearoundhotsprings，”theparkadvisesonitswebsite.“HotspringshaveinjuredorkilledmorepeopleinYellowstonethananyothernaturalfeature.”Thewoman,whoisyettobeidentified,wasbackingupwhiletakingphotosnearthefamoustouristattractionandfellintoahotspringorholewherehotgasesemerge,accordingtoparkspokeswomanLindaVeress.Evenwithherinjuries,shemanagedtohopbackinhervehicleanddriveabout50milesuntilparkguardsstoppedher.ShewasthensenttoaburncenteratahospitalinIdaho.VisitorsareadvisedtostayontheboardwalksnearYellowstone'softenboilingoracidicthermalfeatures,whichincludegeysers(間歇泉),hotsprings,steamvents,andmudpots.Thisyear,twotouristsweresentencedto10daysinprisonfortrespassingatthehotspringlastSeptemberaftertheywerecaughtwalking“dangerouslyclose”tothespoutofthelegendarygeyserwithoutpermissionandtakingphotosontheircellphones.“ThermalareasafetyisanextremelyimportantpartofanytriptoYellowstone.WeaskvisitorstotaketheYellowstonePromisebeforecomingtotheparkandtoreadtheparkvisitorguideformoreinformationonsafety,rules,andregulations，”aspokespersonsaidfollowingtheincidentlastyear.Attimes,touristshavetakenrisksoffthedesignatedwalkwaysbeforebeinginjuredorkilled.Lastfall,amanwhowaswalkingoffaboardwalknearOldFaithfulatnightfellintoahotspring,sufferingseriousburns.BackinJune,a23-year-oldOregonresidentfellintoasuperheated,acidicmudpotanddied.Hisremainscouldn'tberecovered.YellowstoneisannouncingplansforaphasedreopeningonMay13.Theincidentremainsunderinvestigation,Veresssaid.【解題導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了一名女子非法進入黃石國家公園，落入溫泉被燒傷的事件。1．WhatisTRUEaboutthewomanmentionedinparagraph1?A．Wedon'tknowwhosheis.B．She'sgoodattakingphotos.C．Shedrovetohospitalafterbeinginjured.D．ShediedinYellowstoneNationalParkonTuesday.A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thewoman,whoisyettobeidentified,wasbackingupwhiletakingphotosnearthefamoustouristattractionandfellintoahotspringorholewherehotgasesemerge,accordingtoparkspokeswomanLindaVeress.(據(jù)公園發(fā)言人琳達·維里斯說，這名身份尚未得到確認的女子當時正在著名的旅游景點附近倒著走拍照，結(jié)果掉進了一個冒出熱氣的溫泉或洞穴。)”可知，關于第一段提到的那個女人，我們不知道她是誰。故選A。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trespassing”inparagraph2mean?A．Damaging.B．Takingphotos.C．Enteringwithoutpermission.D．Drinkingwaterfromhotspring.C解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Visitorsareadvisedtostayontheboardwalks...(游客們被建議待在黃石公園附近的木板路上……)”和“theywerecaughtwalking‘dangerouslyclose’tothespoutofthelegendarygeyserwithoutpermissionandtakingphotosontheircellphones(他們被發(fā)現(xiàn)，在未經(jīng)許可的情況下危險地走近傳說中的間歇泉的噴口并且用手機拍照)”可知，走近間歇泉是不被允許的，會被懲罰，可以推斷兩名游客被判處入獄10天是因為侵入溫泉，故“trespassing”是指“未經(jīng)許可而進入”。故選C。3．WhatshouldyoudowhenvisitingYellowstoneNationalPark?A．Haveacameraandtakephotos.B．Don'tgotohotspringareas.C．Followvisitorguideandbecareful.D．Don'ttakethewalkways.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“WeaskvisitorstotaketheYellowstonePromisebeforecomingtotheparkandtoreadtheparkvisitorguideformoreinformationonsafety,rules,andregulations(我們要求游客在來公園之前遵守黃石承諾，并閱讀公園游客指南，獲取更多關于安全、規(guī)則和規(guī)定的信息)”可知，當我們參觀黃石國家公園時，要遵循游客指南，要小心謹慎。故選C。4．WhatcanwelearnaboutYellowstoneNationalPark?A．Visitorsgetinjuredorkilledbyhotspringthemost.B．It'sdangerousforvisitorstotakephotosinthepark.C．YellowstoneNationalParkisthemostfamousoneintheUS.D．Visitorswillbeallowedtoentertheparkattheendoftheyear.A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“HotspringshaveinjuredorkilledmorepeopleinYellowstonethananyothernaturalfeature.(黃石公園里溫泉造成的傷亡人數(shù)比其他任何自然景觀都要多。)”可知，在黃石國家公園中，游客因溫泉受傷或死亡的人數(shù)最多。故選A。B(2021·泉州一中質(zhì)檢)“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse(長曲棍球)club.Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtug_at_the_heartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren'tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I'lldoit.”I'msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere'srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社區(qū))asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI'dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者成功說服了一個家長參加志愿者團隊，并且這位家長后來成為這個團隊中有力的幫手，同時作者在參與志愿者活動過程中也獲得了很多快樂。5．Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?A．Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B．Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C．Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D．She'sunabletomeetherschedule.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”可知，這位家長說如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她會做這份工作，作者可以把她當作最后的備選，也就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。故選C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A．Encourageteamwork.B．Appealtofeelings.C．Promotegooddeeds.D．Provideadvice.B解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前一句“Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.”和后一句“ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoach