研究生英語多維教程熟諳課后答案

研究生英語系列教程·多維教程·熟諳－英語課后答案BookII

Unit1

A.

1.

assess

2.

alliance

3.

outcome

4.

ethical

5.

identity

6.

ambiguous

7.

tolerable

8.

participates

9.

pursuit

10.

constructive

B.

1.

atstake

2.

wereobliged

3.

theclimateof

4.

feelwell-equipped

5.

beyondmygrasp

6.

cutback

7.

otherthan

8.

riseabove

9.

careabout

10.

isbounded

C.

1.

incompetent

2.

indulgence

3.

migrants

4.

probes

5.

complex

6.

suspense;engaged

7.

compassionate;committed

8.

tolerant

9.

tempted

10.

interconnected

D.

1.

A.Judgingfrom

2.

B.inwhich

3.

C.and

4.

D.believe

5.

A.isoneof/isthatof

6.

B.mustget

7.

C.likely

8.

D.unemployed

9.

C.aswellas/and

10.

B.simpler

E.

1.

what

2.

graduation

3.

intend

4.

getting

5.

eventually

6.

survey

7.

although

8.

graduates

9.

transfer

10.

rise

11.

attending

12.

instead

13.

cause

14.

because

15.

attending

16.

below

17.

failure

18.

expectations

19.

confidence

20.

education

KeytothetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

1.

德.湯說過，一切進步，一切發(fā)展均來自挑戰(zhàn)及由此引起的反映。||沒有挑戰(zhàn)就沒有反

應(yīng)，沒有發(fā)展，沒有自由。||所以，我們一方面應(yīng)當在我們孩子的能力允許的范圍內(nèi)為他們

開設(shè)最嚴格最富有挑戰(zhàn)性的課程。

2.

我們可以向我們的孩子提供第二個機會是允許他們有失敗的權(quán)力。||德.紐伊寫道：“不

僅是一種特權(quán)，也是一種考驗?！奔偃鐩]有人可以失敗，那它算什么考驗，算什么自由呢

3美國可以向所有在高中讀者完四年課程而不管其是否取得任何明顯收獲的學生發(fā)放畢

業(yè)文憑的日子已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。||我們現(xiàn)在生活在一個外變得很狹隘的世界里，們必須

同對現(xiàn)實保持警惕，有所結(jié)識；而現(xiàn)實主義規(guī)定樹立一個要么成功要么失敗的標準。||這

些話聽起來很刺耳，但都是殘酷的事實。假如我們剝奪了孩子的失敗權(quán)力，事實上我們就

剝奪了他們?nèi)鐚嵉亟Y(jié)識世界的機會。

KeytothetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish:

1.

Today'suniversitystudentsarestrugglingtoestablishthemselves,butthe

ystillhaveambiguousfeelingsabouttheirfuture.

2.

Amancannotfindhimselfwithoutfindingacenterbeyondhi.Sotheideali

smoftheundergraduateexperiencemusthelpthestudenttranscendhimself.

3.

Weeagerlyhopethatthelessonsleanedintheuniversitywillrevealthemselvesinourperformanceintheworkplaceandfurthereducation.

4.

Itcannotgounchallengedtosaythatthe4-yearundergraduateexperienceistheonlypathtosuccessinlife.

5.

Weruntheriskofmakingcriticaldecisions,notonthebasisofwhatweknow,thefindingsofinvestigations,andthedataofexperiments,butonthebasisofblindfaithinprofessedexperts.

6.

Ourtaskneedsalargegroupofwell-informed,caringyoungpeoplewhocanbandtogether,learnfromeachother,andactivelyparticipateinthefourmodernizations.

7.

Ifitistoendure,thenewschoolshouldhelpthestudentsnotonlyacquireasoldbasiceducationandbecomecompetentinaspecificfield,butalsobereadytocommitthemselvestoothers.

8.

Itisnottoomuchtosaythatifundergraduatesexcessivelydevotethemselvestoexaminations,thewillpushcompetenceandcommitmenttothefringes.

9.

Ididn'tevenspeaktohim;muchlessdiscussthereconstructionofyourschoolwithhim.

10.

Somepeoplethinkexaminationsaresecondtonone,butsomethinkexaminationshavealotofdisadvantages.Examinationsleaveusanopenessentialquestion---whatinfluencedoexaminationsexertoneducation?

ReadingPractice:

1.C2.A3.A4.D.5.BUnit2

A.

1-H

2-I

3-A

4-E

5-K

6-N

7-L

8-G

9-D

10-C

B.

1.perception

2.responsibility

3.organizational

4.marketing

5.strategies

6.assets

7.transitions

8.dilemma

9.Rivalry

10.compensation

11.whiz

12.invaluable

C.

1.Justify,justification,justifiable,justifiably,justified

2.strategic,strategy,Strategics/Strategy,strategists,strategized,strateg

ically

3.finance,financial,financier,finance,Financially

4.resentful,resents,resentment,resentfully

5.perceive,perception,perceptible,perceptive,perceptibly

6.diverse,diversify,diversity,diversification,diversified

7.destroyed,destructive,destruction,destructionist,destroyers,destroying

,destructible

8.markets,marketable,markets,marketing,marketer

9.prosperity,prospering,prosperous,prosperously

10.derived,derive,derivative,derivatives

D.

1.

A.itevenharder

2.

A.that

3.

C.nottakingenoughexercise

4.

C.tohavegonebackon

5.

B.functioning

6.

D.on

7.

A.objecttoseeing

8.

B.togowithit

9.

A.toexpanding

10.

A.anxiouslyawaiting

E.

1.

manufacturers

2.

natural

3.

treatment

4.

experienced

5.

approached

6.

relatively

7.

global

8.

chaired

9.

sustainable

10.

vision

11.

extended

12.

improving

13.

accomplish

14.

array

15.

involvement

16.

activity

17.

rewarded

18.

proposals

19.

domestic

20.

competitors

KeytotheTranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

Ａ

業(yè)主/公司創(chuàng)建者不僅進取心強，并且精力充沛。||他們往往擅長于多種技能。在很多情

況之下，他們即是生產(chǎn)專家又是營銷天才或經(jīng)驗豐富的金融家。||要接替他們的工作則需

要很多的人。||因此家庭公司主應(yīng)當通過制定組織機構(gòu)圖來明確規(guī)定該公司如何運作。|

|參予交接過程的每個重要成員也應(yīng)當制定他們自己的組織構(gòu)圖。然后,對它們進行比較

。||各機構(gòu)之間的不同點將表白管理體制上的差異、存在誤會的重要方面及觀念上分歧。

Ｂ

沒有忠心耿耿雇員,很少公司可以發(fā)展壯大，||即使是家庭公司也是如此。這些盡職的雇

員多半擔任了重要管理職務(wù)。||因此，應(yīng)當將關(guān)于產(chǎn)業(yè)繼承的長遠計劃隨時通報給他們，

||而重要的公司管理人員必須清楚知道他們在產(chǎn)業(yè)交接管理機構(gòu)中的職責。||改善公司

的勞保福利制度以吸引和留住重要部門經(jīng)理,激發(fā)他們的積極性,使他們能為公司和業(yè)主的

最大利益而工作

KeytotheTranslationformChinesetoEnglish:

1.Heisanexperiencedbankerandanacknowledgedtradeexpert,nottomentionanexcellentmanagingdirector.

2.Regardlessofdanger,volunteersfromanItalianorganizationforpeacehavegonetoBaghdad,thecapitalofIraq,toforma"bodyshield"forthepurposeofpreventingtheUSfrombombingtheplace.

3.NobodyinthefamilyismorededicatedtooperatingtherealestatebusinessthanJudy.

4.Becauseoftheeconomicdepression,realestateagentsareinthedilemmaofwhethertolowerpricesorletsalesfalloff.

5.Moreoftenthannot,Mr.Smithearnsgreatprofitsbycarefulinvestmentofhiscapital.

6.Johndidnotmakemuchofamarkinhisstudiesatschool,butheexcelled

atsports.

7.Ordrlytransitionofresponsibilitiesisaconditionforthelong-rangeprosperityofafamilybusiness.

8.Youhadbetterhaveaclearpictureofprospectsbeforeformulatingaplanforinvestment.

9.Althoughsculptureisatime-consumingart,therearestillsomepeoplefollowingitasaprofession.

10.Thesoftwarecompanyisinthemidstofbeingtransformedfromanindividualproprietorshiptoajointventure.

Q11)Planasuccessionmanagement.2)Definefamilyemploymentpractices3)E

stablishandmaintainfamilyharmony4)Plantheestate.

Q21)Seatinganoutsideboardofdirectors.2)Developingafamilybusinessv

isiondocument.3)Holdingfamilycouncilmeetings.

Unit3

SuggestedKeytoVocabularyandStructure

A.1-d2-f3-j4-a5-i6-h7-g8-e9-c10-b

1.mobility2.toll3.accommodate4.landscape5.sprawled6.implement7.le

gitimate8.transit9.electrified10.pickup

B.1.Integral2.betteroff3.sprawling4.emissions5.metropolitan6.ban7

.commuters8.clutter9.accommodate10.displaced

C.1.fromcoasttocoast2.thegreatunwashed3.revere4.denounce5.toreup

6.Shortof7.arenotedfor8.constriction9.wasguiltyof10.welloff

D.1.C.overcrowded2.B.worthy3.A.sitting4.D.recovered5.D.innonsmo

kersandnondrinkers6.D.poured7.B.unawareof8.C.recent9.C.outoft

hequestion10.B.understands

E.1.move2.drive3.down4.wheels5.out6.without7.majority8.imagine

9.realize10.plagued11.burns12.that13.to14.what15.But16.done17.al

together18.on19.electricity20.practical

A.在歷史上，吉普車以其能適應(yīng)各種路況的杰出性能而著稱于世。這種美名可以追溯到二

戰(zhàn)期間，當時由威利斯公司提供的最初型號的吉普車載著盟軍部隊馳騁于太平洋沿岸及歐

洲戰(zhàn)場。

<<麥氏汽車駕駛大全>>一書認為，“吉普”這個名字起源于美國軍隊決定把這種車輛叫做

GP（forGeneralPurpose）即多功能車之意。而后，GP這兩個字母的讀音被誤發(fā)成為“吉

普”，并成為威利斯公司享有的商標名稱。

1988年吉普為克萊斯勒公司所有，此后該公司投入了大量資金更新改造吉普車的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備

，提高吉普車的產(chǎn)量并開發(fā)各種新車型應(yīng)市?？巳R斯勒公司稱吉普車在戰(zhàn)爭年代享有的盛

名以及其堅固耐用的形象無疑會有助于它在和平時期樹立其作為休閑娛樂車的新形象。該

公司說，吉普為休閑，越野車開發(fā)了新市場，它有強勁的4輪牽引裝置（商業(yè)上稱為4輪驅(qū)

動），過去軍用吉普車曾因此而享譽四方。

B.1.Theautomobilewasimprovedveryrapidlyafteritwasinventedandsoond

isplacedhorses.

2.Wemayhavetocutdownonthenumberofprivatelyownedcarsanddependmoreonpublicmasstransitsystemsbecausecarspolluteandmaimorevenkillp

eople.

3.Whilewheels(automobiles)havebroughtwiththembetterormoreconvenient

transportation,theyareguiltyofmanysins,suchasairpollution,traffic

accidentsandtrafficcongestion.

4.Americansarenotedfortheirloveforcarsandgreatjobmobility.

5.Ifonlyadvancesinfuelqualityandefficiencyandintechnologywouldrad

icallyreducetheemissionsfromautomobiles.

6.AhighlydevelopedhighwaynetworkhasmadepossibletheeasymovementfromcoasttocoastintheUnitedStates.

7.Theverythoughtofthespeedatwhichthebeautifulavenuewasconstructed

electrifiedeveryvisitor;theroadhadonlyrecentlybeentornuptolaydra

in-pipesnotlongago.

8.Environmentalistshavedenouncedautomobiles,believingtheyareamajorfa

ctorintheproductionofdirtyair.

9.Manynewresidentialcomplexeshaverisenupinthesuburbsofmetropolitan

citiesbecauseoftheavailabilityofconvenientpublictransportation.

10.Despitetheirloveforcars,manypeoplelendcredencetotheextensiveus

eofthepublictransportsystem,whichcancutdownontrafficcongestion.Unit4

Keytothestylisticcomprehensionofthetext:

1.

PartOneisfromparagraph__3__toparagraph___6__.

Parttwoisfromparagraph__7__toparagraph__14___.

Partthreeisfromparagraph__15__toparagraph__17___.

2.

Thefivereasonsfordecidingtoremainchildlessbroughtforwardbytheo

utspokencoupleWilliamPeckandEllenPeckare

A.Theyattachmoreimportancetofreedom,.Spontaneity,privacyandleisure.

B.Theywanttogivetheireffortstothecommunity.

C.Theyfearthattheyoungergenerationwillsufferfromoverpopulationasth

eydonow.

D.Theyareafraidofdivorceandchildabuse.

E.Theyarenotsurewhethertheycanbecomegoodparents.

3.Accordingtoaprofessorofchildpsychiatry,thethreereasonswhymanyyo

ungpeoplearenotsointerestedinfamilylifeastheirparentsare:

A.Parenthoodliferequiresthemtogiveupmanythings.

B.Therearemanyotheropportunitiesforwomentofindmeaningintheirlives

C.Theyareconcernedabouttheirfutureandthefutureoftheirchildren.

VocabularyandStructure

A.

1.a.coercive

b.coerced

2.a.preoccupation

b.preoccupied

3.a.reluctant

b.reluctance

4.a.adolescent

b.adolescence

5.a.implication

b.implicit

6.a.ambivalent

b.adolescence

7.a.maintenance

b.maintainability

8.a.privacy

b.private

9.a.enthusiasm

b.enthusiasts

10.a.tolerance

b.tolerable

11.a.statisticians

b.statistically

12.a.rational

b.rationality

B.

1.caredfor

2.intermsof

3.liesbehind

4.ringsabell

5.passedonto

6.wentagainst

7.liningup

8.chimingin

9.amopento

10.broughtup

C.

1.

haveevidenced—hasevidenced

2.

thatprevailed—thathadprevailed

3.

associating—associated

4.

raise—raising

5.

on—to

6.

on—to

7.

reluctance—willingness

8.

have—having

9.

arethecenter—arenotthecenter

10.

Thisreflects—Thisisreflected

D.

1.

Adolescents

2.

involved

3.

fact

4.

Therefore

5.

common

6.

or

7.

employed

8.

fewer

9.

negative

10.

contribute

11.

Studies

12.

People

13.

Tend

14.

Drop

15.

Grown

KeytotheTranslation

A

一些觀測家提出，我們正在看到的這種現(xiàn)象主線就不是什么重大變化，或許它和性革命一

樣，不是人們行為上的而是表達方式上的一種劇變。||一位住在康涅狄格州的精神分析

學家說，“也許，一直就有那么一群與眾不同的人存著。只但是他們現(xiàn)在從隱蔽外走了出

來，公開表白了他們的觀點，就像同性戀者那樣。||我們這一時代的潮流就是干你想干的

事而不是加以掩飾。這些人身上所反映的不是什么變革而是

人們現(xiàn)在越來越坦率直言的這樣一個現(xiàn)象。

B

在最近幾十年的時間里，人們漸漸地明白了一個事實，那就是：為數(shù)不多的婦女已不再接

受并樂意扮演深居簡出的傳統(tǒng)母親角色。許多人認為家庭的重要性正日益消失。婦女受教

育限度的提高是導(dǎo)致這一文化的重要因素。如今，百分之八十的婦女完畢了四年制的高中

學習。而在1940年，完畢這一階段學習的婦女僅占百分之三十。這與現(xiàn)在美國婦女平均晚

一年結(jié)婚有關(guān)。二十歲至二十四歲未婚者從1960年的28%上升到20世紀70年代的40%。人們推遲了生兒育女的時間，只有不到10%的婦女是在結(jié)婚后兩年內(nèi)生孩子。除此之外，越來越多的婦女不想要孩子。工作、晚婚、不要孩子是近年來婦女作用發(fā)生變化的重要表現(xiàn)。

1.

Someprofessionalobserversbelievethatyoungpeopletodayarenolongerinterestedinpoliticsandcauses,butrather,havebecomeincreasinglypreoccupiedwithissuesclosertothemselves.

2.

Thehigherawoman’seducationalattainment,themorelikelysheistogooutoftheprivatesettingofthenuclearfamilyandtorealizeherselfinthecommunity.

3.

AsfarasIamconcerned,whatreallyliesbehindthedecisionofsomemarriedcouplesnottostartafamilyisthattheyaresonarcissisticandhavenomarginoflovetospareothers.

4.

Thecompanyputonthemarketaregisteredinventionevenwithoutaskingtheinventor’spermission,whichgoesagainstthepatentlaw.

5.

Urgedbysomeothercountries,theUnitedNationshaspressuredthecountrytogiveupdevelopingandusingnuclearweapons.

6.

Accordingtotherulethateverymembershouldremainchildless,Mr.AndMswhitehavenoalternativebuttowithdrawfromtheNon-ParentAssociation,fortheywillattainparenthoodsoon.

7.

Heexpectstoreveal,bypresentingasoapopera,thecomplexityimplicitinreallife.

8.

Invirtuallyeverycountry,drugabuse,alcoholabuseandchildabuseloonasmostchallengingsocialproblems.

9.

Wheninterviewed,theseelderlypeoplerationalizedwhytheywereambivalentabouttoday’syoungpeople.

10.

Manycollegestudentsarefarmoreconcernedwithhowtogetahighly-paidjobongraduationandhowtoreceiveaquickpromotioninthecompetitivesociety.

Unit5

A.

1.

A

2.

B

3.

C

4.

D

5.

B

6.

A

7.

D

8.

B

9.

D

10.

B

11.

C

B.

1.

sethimup

2.

fitin

3.

isthankfulfor

4.

holddown

5.

builtup

6.

gonethrough

7.

weighheavilyon

8.

workingout

9.

brokenaway

10.

letmyparentsdown

C.

1.

C.willrelyon

2.

D.have

3.

C.forwhich

4.

B.which

5.

A.coupled

6.

A.amuchgreatervariety

7.

B.finditdifficult

8.

A.Acquiring

9.

C.himself

10.

C.endangered

D.

1.

dead

2.

brought

3.

like

4.

expensive

5.

cost

6.

worse

7.

births

8.

paying

9.

aged

10.

figure

11.

share

12.

majority

13.

producers

14.

poor

15.

decent

16.

services

17.

expanding

18.

same

19.

burden

20.

confined

KeytotheTranslationfromEnglishintoChinese

在不少拉丁美洲和亞洲的國家,老年化和貧困將引起許多新問題,而這些問題對于工業(yè)化國

家來說并不陌生,但是這些國家擁有資源少得多。

||在使用有限資源時所碰到倫理道德問題將更為突出,為醫(yī)療保健和養(yǎng)老金提供資金也許

成為這些國家面臨的一件棘手的事。

在許多國家,老年人的人數(shù)太少,政治上多半相稱被動,以致無法成為一個能對長期政策施加

有效壓力來促進自身利益的團隊。

||但隨著其數(shù)量增多,這種狀況正在改變，他們知道需要集結(jié)政治力量。

||到2030年將沒有一個政治家大膽到敢于忽略三分之一這部份老年選民——特別老年選民

一般參與投票的人數(shù)要比其他選民多。

KeytotheTranslationfromChineseintoEnglish

1.Generally,peoplehavebecomemorecompassionateandquiteafewfamilieshavetakeninanorphanfromthemunicipalorphanage.

2.Itisademandingtaskforaworkingwomantolookafterherparentsandher

childrenwhileholdingdownajob.

3.Atfirstwewereworriedabouttheirfirststayinaforeigncountrybutthingsthereworkedoutmuchbetterforthem.

4.Today'smiddle-agedpeoplehavefewerchildrenthantheirparentsdidandtheagingpopulationproblemmayweighontheminabout40years.

5.Itishopedthatthecurrentreformineducationwillbettersetstudentsuptomeetthechallengesfromsociety.

6.Thegovernmentintendstotransfersomeofthehealth-careburdentotheindividualfamilybutfamilymembersarenotalwaysavailableforthetaskbecausetheycannotbreakawayfromtheirjobstolookafterthesickelderly.

7.Thereisanincreasingdemandforbedsinthenursinghome,andwehavetotryeverypossiblemeanstofreethemup.

8.Withthelargeelderlypopulationinthiscountry,financingofhealthcareandpensionscouldcarethedeviloutofthegovernment.

9.Theyoungcouplehastomakesomesacrificetoavoidlettingtheiroldbelovedfatherdown.

10.Whattheyhadgonethroughinlookingaftertheirsickoldfathermadethemmorecompassionate,andtheymadeadonationtothenursinghomeUnit6

A.

1.

complexity

2.

wild

3.

surplus

4.

indifferently

5.

earthly

6.

acknowledge

7.

obviously/apparently

8.

diminish

9.

artificial

10.

destructive

B.

1-g

2-j

3-a

4-f

5-b

6-h

7-I

8-c

9-d

10-e

1.

primeval

2.

whatsoever

3.

beneficent

4.

ultimately

5.

pointedly

6.

intricate

7.

encroaching

8.

indispensable

9.

legitimate

10.

fertility

C.

1.

Inshort

2.

attributedto

3.

isupagainst

4.

wereunderthespellof

5.

attheexpenseof

6.

regardlessof

7.

Allowingfor

8.

wasinvolvedin

9.

actingon

10.

viceversa

D.

1.

C.increases

2.

B.thatofthegeneralpopulation

3.

B.largelyself-contained

4.

A.inchargeof

5.

D.confused

6.

C.safetyprovisions

7.

B.that

8.

B.bywhich

9.

C.put

10.

D.muchof

E.

1.

survival

2.

perceive

3.

public

4.

occupy

5.

lots

6.

hand

7.

restored

8.

fertility

9.

renewed

10.

dwellings

11.

wilderness

12.

transitions

13.

agriculture

14.

even

15.

beyond

KeytothetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

A:

正如詩人埃德蒙.斯賓塞在將近四百年前所說的那樣，大自然是“最偉大的女神”。她似乎

擔任了上帝駐地球的總督的職務(wù)。斯賓塞把她描寫成一位母親和法官。||她管轄著所有的

生物之間的往來，并不分厚薄地給予他們權(quán)利，由于她是一位公正的母親。她把他們緊密

地聯(lián)結(jié)在一起，就象兄弟姐妹。||因而，在斯賓塞看來，生物繁殖及生物秩序的自然規(guī)律

與公正原則顯而易見地是聯(lián)系在一起的。當我們得知斯賓塞認為大自然也具有公正原則的

時候我們或許有點吃驚。||然而，斯賓塞不僅以人類的手足之情而是以所有生物的手足之

情為依據(jù)來堅持自然界有這么一位“公正的”法官。要是在當今，我們會說斯賓塞是以生

態(tài)學作為其可靠依據(jù)的。

B.假如我們?nèi)祟惡痛笞匀坏墓逃嘘P(guān)系不是互相對抗的，那么，它又是什么樣的一種關(guān)系呢

？||對我們來講，這個變得相稱復(fù)雜難解，由于正如我先前所講過的那樣，我們中沒有人

想在未經(jīng)開發(fā)的原始森林里或在未經(jīng)改造的原始大草原上生活，我們不想被大灰熊吃掉。

||假如我們是園藝家，我們有合法的理由去抱怨園內(nèi)的雜草。在肯塔基州，假如我們準備

改良牧場，我們就很也許成為那一片隨風擺動的大薊的敵人。||但是，假如我們還隨心所

欲，想做什么就做什么，那么，我們就會對那些曾經(jīng)被我們砍伐破壞了的原始森林和草原

著迷，我們會一而再而三地想起它們，想起那些幸存的原始森林和原始草原。||我們還會

感到大灰熊深深地吸引著我們。我們知道，在整個人類時期我們會一直想起大灰熊及其他

一些危險動物。

KeytothetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish:

1.Mostconservationistsbelievethathumansthrivebestinecologicalhealth

andthatthesignofthishealthisthesurvivalofadiversityofwildanimals.

2.Mr.Smithproducedabundantevidencetoindicatethatwe,tosomeextent,d

iminishourselvesifwediminishnature.

3.ManycitiesinWesterncountrieshaveswitchedtoanewgasolineformulath

atreducesthepollutioncontent.ThisisalsotrueofsomecitiesinChina.

4.AsdepictedinapoemwrittenbytheEnglishpoetEdmundSpenser,natureis

notonlyamotherbutajudge,havingjurisdictionoveranddoingjusticeto

allcreatures

5.Agovernmentstudyconcludesthatbesidesovercrowdingandpoorpublictran

sport,thebiggestproblemsthecityisupagainstarenoiseandpollution.

6.Unlikeallothercreatures,humanshavetheabilitytoactontheirjudgmen

t/understanding.

7.Don'tyouagreewiththestatementthathealthwithoutwealthispreferable

towealthwithouthealth?

8.Eventhosedefendersofindustrialeconomyhavetoacknowledgeopenlythat

anyconflictbetweenhumansandnatureoftenoccursattheexpenseofboth.

9.Ifyourfriendkindlypointsoutafaultyouhave,takewhatissaidnotme

relypleasantly,butthankfully.

10.Oneofthedifferencesbetweenhumansandwildanimalsisthat(orliesin

that)theformercanmakeawisechoiceastothekindandscaleofthechangetheymaketonature.

Unit7

A.

1.

distinction

2.

sheer

3.

commensurate

4.

refraining

5.

incidentally

6.

alleviate

7.

deemed

8.

istoblamefor

9.

impulse

10.

comeacross

B.

1.

give…away

2.

goingat

3.

imbuedwith

4.

identify…with

5.

hasrisenabove

6.

ownup

7.

allowfor

8.

treat…to

9.

Dog-eat-dog

10.

thecounter

C.

1.

choice;choose;chosen;

2.

inextricable

3.

shorn

4.

definition

5.

increasingly

6.

social

7.

Participatory

8.

acquisitive

9.

weighing

10.

intimacy

D.

1.

D.topaythem

2.

A.Muchas

3.

D.endearinghimself

4.

C.numberof

5.

D.ignored

6.

D.differently

7.

A.respond

8.

C.nomore

9.

B.that

10.

C./

E.

1.

holds

2.

therefore

3.

Does

4.

really

5.

empty

6.

of

7.

success

8.

nor

9.

not

10.

exists

11.

likely

12.

in

13.

historical

14.

upbringing

15.

condition

16.

choicelessness

17.

honorably

18.

trivial

19.

how

20.

ours

Translation

A.

毫無疑問，雄心大志盼望的是榮譽、財富、愛情、非凡、成就、歡樂與善良美德。當然，隨著我們的抱負與希望，我們的生活將會是如何，這些總是無法意料的。有些想法的出

發(fā)點是絲毫不為自己，但結(jié)果卻是結(jié)下深仇；而有些計劃原意是為了自己，但到頭來卻是

為別人做了善事。計劃、設(shè)想的結(jié)果雖然難以預(yù)測，但仍無理由阻止計劃與設(shè)想的進行。

不難設(shè)想，沒有抱負與雄心的社會將會是如何的。它很也許是一個比較隨和的社會：沒有

規(guī)定，沒有矛盾，也沒有失望。人們有時間深思。他們所做的工作不是為了自己，而是為

了集體、歷來沒有競爭，沖突將被消滅，緊張已成為過去，不再需要發(fā)明力。藝術(shù)不再是

高深莫測的，它的作用純粹是為了歡慶與頌揚。家庭作為一個社會的單元將成為多余的，

它以前的束縛力已消失。長壽會增長，由于死于緊張、辛勞的工作所引起的心臟病與中風

的人會越來越少、思慮將不復(fù)存在。人類長期地擺脫抱負和欲望的壓力，日子會過得越來

越舒坦。

B.

1.

Inspiteofherrecentelectionsuccess,sheremainsfirstandforemostaw

riter,notapolitician.

2.

Ambitionisalwaysidentifiedwithrank,fameandpower.Thereforemanypeo

plehavebeenunwillingtotalkabouttheirdreamsforalongtime.

3.

Surely,ifyouwanttobefamous,itisnecessaryforyoutohaveideals,b

ecauseitisbehindtheaccomplishment,butdifferentfromambition.

4.

Ambitionisoftenregardedasbeingcommensuratewithbadsensebecausethe

single-mindedhavetriedtoachievetheirgoalsbyfairmeansorfoulandoft

enharmothers.

5.

Trulyambitiouspeopleseemtobemodestbutactuallytheyareontheirown

6.

Certainlysomepeopleareveryinterestedintheirrankandfame.Butwhat

hashappenedisthattheydonotownuptoit.

7.

Somepeopletrytogooninlifeatallcostsbutrefrainfromappearingam

bitious.Weshouldbeawarethatthereisanoteofhypocrisy.

8.

Althoughhehascomeunderattackandhasbeenconsideredambitious,noneofthemarestrongenoughtomakehimgiveuponhisdreams.

9.

Itisnotdifficulttoimagineaworldshornofambition.Itwouldprobably

beaworldwithnoprogressandnodevelopment.And,ofcourse,itwouldbea

tediousworld.

10.

Todevelopoursociety,weneedalargenumberofpeoplewhohavebothidealsandambition,becausebothofthesehavethepowertoinspirepeopletofurtherefforts.Therefore,bothareimportantforsociety.Unit9

A.

1.

sacred

2.

secrecy

3.

doomed

4.

segment

5.

hierarchy

6.

ego

7.

symptoms

8.

chaotic

9.

absurd

10.

breakthrough

B.

1.

obsolete

2.

boost

3.

imagination

4.

duplicate

5.

subsidy

6.

converge

7.

tumbleddown

8.

automated

9.

innovation

10.

holdoff

C.

1.

personalized

2.

intangibles;tangibles

3.

prediction

4.

ingenuous

5.

flexibility

6.

bureaucrat

7.

innovation

8.

glory

9.

available

10.

specified

D.

1.

B.that

2.

D.little

3.

C.giving

4.

D.cansheact

5.

B.musthavebeen

6.

C.be

7.

B.whichever

8.

B.meaningful

9.

D.manyofwhoseorigins

10.

B.or

E.

1.

about

2.

organization

3.

for

4.

but

5.

computers

6.

Inotherwords

7.

that

8.

Infact

9.

simply

10.

therefore

11.

attach

12.

within

13.

definition

14.

for

15.

necessary

Translation

A

有些公司了解這一點。微軟即是其中之一。//有些人認為微軟能在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)世界里嶄露鋒芒

，銳意發(fā)展是由于比爾?蓋茨的個人野心。//簡言之，這種想法很荒唐。//在1990年，微軟季度銷售量要增長38%，需要增長九千萬的收入，而在1995年，要達成同樣比例

的季度銷售增幅，收益需要增長九億美元。//現(xiàn)在，收益的增長標準越提越高。新的商機

來自何處？規(guī)模化經(jīng)營？還是低成本？這些都是無稽之談。//新的商機只能來自于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)市

場、受顧客歡迎的產(chǎn)品。//即使要保持收支平衡，微軟也要至少天天發(fā)明一千五百萬美元

的收益。//假如沒有高速度和充足的想象力，它只有死路一條。

B

這些趨勢在不斷擴大，因素很簡樸：信息就是力量，而技術(shù)的發(fā)展使得獲取信息變得民主

化和全球化。//因此，各種組織機構(gòu)將再也不能扶植那些美化等級特權(quán)并阻止信息交流

的工作體系了。//在未來學家喬治?吉爾德所描繪的世界中，經(jīng)濟是建立在沙子、

玻璃和空氣的基礎(chǔ)上的。//沙子即指制造芯片的硅。芯片（計算機世界的建筑材料）正以

指數(shù)級的速度增長。每十八個月芯片的性能就要翻一番。

1.Suchajobisdoomedbecauseinthisfield,manualworkwillbedonebycom

puters.

2.Theinformation-basednetworkeconomywillbringaboutprofoundchangesin

society.Whetherthischangecouldbenefithumanbeingsorinvolvetheminac

haoticsituationneedsourdiscussion.

3.Becauseoftheincreasinglyfiercecompetitionandpersonalizedproductdem

andfromcustomers,beingabletosupplypersonalizedproductshasbecomethe

keytobusinesssuccess.

4.Theoldwayofmanagementrobspeopleoftheirimaginationandcuriosity,m

akingthemcontentwiththepresentsystemandjobsandtheymakenoprogress.

5.Thoselackingininitiativeandcreativitycanonlyfitintothetraditionalmodeofwork.Oncetheoldmodeischanged,theywillbeatalossastowhattodo.

6.Inthecomingcenturythedevelopmentoftelecommunicationswilldependon

opticalfiberswhichcarryinformationincomparabletothecommonphonelines.

7.Sincecomputerscanreplacepeopletodoroutinejobs,peoplecanbefreed

ofmundanebusinesstodocreativework.

8.Infuturesociety,proprietaryinformationwillbelessandlessproprietar

y.Whatwillthisleadto?

9.Somesocialthinkerspredictominouslythatrobotswillbecomemoreandmor

eindependentandeventuallyuncontrollable.

10.Inthefuture,newjobswillbeborn.Thereisnoneedforpeopletoworry

excessivelyaboutunemployment.Buttheymustkeeplearningaboutnewtechnol

ogy.

Unit10

A.

1.

suppress

2.

Amputation

3.

donor

4.

recurrence

5.

heralded

6.

alleviate

7.

batches

8.

reject

9.

lethal

10.

potent

B.

1.a.immunized

b.immunity

2.a.diagnostical

b.diagnosed

3.a.recurrent

b.recurrence

4.a.vaccinating

b.Vaccination

5.a.infect

b.infective

6.a.contracted

b.contractible

7.a.toxin

b.toxicity

8.a.surgery

b.surgeon

9.a.administration

b.administered

10.a.preceded

b.preceding

C.

1.originatedwith

2.ahostof

3.immuneto

4.areresistantto

5.protectedagainst

6.Inthelightof

7.speakagainst

8.pointsto

9.inquestion

10.wereresponsiblefor

D.

1.

few—little

2.

impossible—possible

3.

was--/

4.

itself—themselves

5.

from—in

6.

As--/

7.

This—It

8.

to--/

9.

dish—mould

10.

seems—seemed

E.

1.

indeed

2.

control

3.

particularly

4.

living

5.

producing

6.

character

7.

discovery

8.

supported

9.

co-operation

10.

prevented

KeytotheparagraphtranslationintoChinese:

在解決現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)學難題方面，動物實驗依舊是必不可少的嗎？||那些因攜帶一個突變基而

產(chǎn)生基因轉(zhuǎn)變的動物，已經(jīng)向我們提供了大量的有關(guān)蛋白質(zhì)功能及其在疾病中所起的作用

的新信息。毫無疑問，動物實驗將繼續(xù)為我們提供這類信息。||我們還期待著在中樞神經(jīng)

損傷的治療方面取得重大進展。||鑒于近來的動物研究表白，神經(jīng)的再生確有也許，因此

原本認為哺乳動物脊髓中的神經(jīng)細胞受損后功能無法復(fù)原的教條，必須予以重新評價。治

療何時生效，只是一個時間問題。||我們很難想象，將來假如沒有動物實驗，怎么可以在

這個領(lǐng)域以及生物和醫(yī)學等諸多其他領(lǐng)域取得進展。

索爾克和疫苗這兩個詞，就象弗萊明和盤尼西林、愛因斯坦和相對論那樣，緊緊地結(jié)合在

一起。||因此，當最早研制出可以有效防止小兒麻痹癥的疫苗的喬納斯?索爾克博

士于八年前宣布，他將重新出山專攻愛滋病難題的時候，許多人，特別是那些與日俱增的

HIV病毒感染者，都歡呼雀躍起來。||除了這位征服過一種惡名遠揚的兒童痼疾的高手，誰

還比他更有資格擔當向當前的瘟疫——愛滋病發(fā)起沖鋒的領(lǐng)軍人物呢？||然而在科學界，

憂慮卻多過盼望。||愛滋病這個目的，要比小兒麻痹癥難攻得多，所以很少有專家相信索

爾克的疫苗研制方法可以取得成功。||然而這位醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域的開拓者，并沒有由于別人的懷

疑而氣餒，而是知難而上，和一家私人公司聯(lián)手研發(fā)他的治療方法。||

現(xiàn)今80高齡的索爾克，也許有機會向世人證明，他的白大褂的衣袖里，藏了不止一種醫(yī)學

奇跡。

KeytoTranslationB:

1.Rabiesisaninfectiousdiseaseofthecentralnervoussystem,causedbya

virusspreadchieflybydomesticdogsandwildflesh-eatinganimals.

2.Eachyearabout6,500Americanscontractlivercancer,andforallbutare

lativefewtheprognosisisgrim.

3.Itisonethingtolocateoil,butitisquiteanothertoextractitfromt

heearthandtransportittotheindustrialcenters.

4.Inthelightofrecentanimalres