云南省昆明市2021屆高三模擬考試（三模）英語試題

第頁,共頁第18頁,共18頁第頁,共頁云南省昆明市2021屆高三模擬考試（三模）英語試題第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1.

?Sugarhasbeenlinkedtoseriousdiseaseslikeheartdisease,diabetesandevencancer,whichiswhyit'svitaltocutdownonfoodsanddrinksthatarehighinsugar.Takealookatthedrinksthatcontainasurprisingamountofhiddensugarsandwhatyoushouldbeeatinginstead.

?Fruitjuices

?Whilefruitjuicescancontainsomeimportantvitaminsandminerals,theyaretypicallyfullofsugar.Unfortunately,thefiberthatfruitnaturallycontainsandthathelpsthebodykeepbloodsugarstablehasalsobeenremoved.Tokeepbloodsugarlevelsfromrisingsharply,choosetoeatwholefruitswheneverajuicedesirecomesalong.

?Sportsdrinks

?Sportsdrinksmightseemliketheperfectchoiceforhydrationwhileexercising,buttheycontainahighamountofaddedsugarsastheyweredesignedforathletesduringfierceandlongperiodsofactivity.Theonlypeoplewhoactuallybenefitfromsportsdrinksareprofessionalathletesormarathoners.Unlessthat'syou,juststicktoplainwater.

?Flavoredcoffees

?Flavoredcoffeesaredelicious,buttheycontainhiddensugarsastheyoftenrelyonartificialsyrups(糖漿)forflavoring.Alargeflavoredcoffeeatsomecoffeechainshasupto25teaspoonsofsugar.Youcanstillenjoyyourmorningcupofcoffee.Juststicktounflavoredandunsweetenedversionsandavoidcreamershighinsugar.

?Icedteas

?Icedteascanbeextremelyrefreshingonahotday,butthey'retypicallyover-sweetenedwithsugarorsyrups.Somebrandsoficedteaactuallycontainasurprising33gramsofsugarina355-milliliterserving.So,lookforicedteaswithoutanyaddedsugarormakeyourownathomesoyoucansavemoneyandcontrolwhatgoesintoit.

(1)Howdofruitjuicesbenefitpeople?

A.Theyprovidenecessaryminerals.

B.Theyrefuelpeopleduringsports.

C.Theyenergizepeopleinthemorning.

D.Theyrefreshpeopleonhotdays.(2)Whatarecommonpeopleadvisedtohavewhileexercising?

A.Fruitjuices.

B.Flavoredcoffees.

C.Naturalwater.

D.Icedteas.(3)What'sthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tointroducefournutritiousdrinks.

B.Todiscusstheadvantagesofdrinks.

C.Tosharewaystomakedrinksathome.

D.Towarmreadersagainsthigh-sugardrinks.2.

?

I'dneverheardoftheyangqin-an18thcenturyChinesestringedinstrument-untilthispastSunday,whenIhadthepleasureofhearingEastmangraduateandmusicperformerZhangWenzhuoperformonitinavirtualconcert.

?Wenzhuo,aChinesenative,beganhertrainingontheyangqinatagefive.Whenshewasonly13,WenzhuowasawardedascholarshiptotheArtsSchoolofHebeiProvince;thehighlycompetitiveprogramonlyacceptedasingleyangqinstudenteverytwoyears.Aftergraduation,sheplacedfirstinnationwidecompetitionsandwasadmittedintotheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtsinBeijing,whereshewasawardedherbachelor'sinyangqinperformancein2005.SheobtainedherdoctoratefromBostonUniversityinmusiceducationin2015andstudiedethnomusicologyatEastmanfrom2017to2019.Wenzhuohasperformedwithcountlessorchestrasandgroupsofmusiciansandwoncountlessawardsforherperformances.

?BeforeWenzhuoperformedonheryangqin,shepresentedabriefhistoricalbackgroundoftheinstrument'sorigin,anddiscusseditscontinuedusageuptothepresentday.Determinedbymusicologiststobebasedonthesimilarly-structuredEnglishhammereddulcimer(大揚(yáng)琴),theyangqinwasfirstusedinChinesefolkmusicperformanceandoperas.Astimewenton,performancesbegantobesponsoredbythecountry,andyangqinperformersweregivenapathtohigherlevelsofsocialmobility.

?Wenzhuoperformedfourpieces,threetracingtheiroriginstocenturies'oldChinesecomposers,andonefromthemodernera.Needlesstosay,Wenzhuo'sperformancessoundedfantastic.Theyangqinisauniqueandbeautifulinstrumentanditssound,coupledwithWenzhuo'smusicalability,allowedthefourgreatlydifferingpiecestostandtogetherasawonderfulintroductiontotheinstrument.

ItwasfascinatingtolearnabouttheyangqinandajoytowatchWenzhuoperformonit.

(1)WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangWenzhuo?

A.Shehasbeentrainedfor13years.

B.Shetoppedmanycompetitions.

C.ShestudiedethnomusicologyinBoston.

D.ShebecameabacheloratEastman.

(2)Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Wenzhuo'spersonalities.

B.Wenzhuo'snationality.

C.Wenzhuo'scontributions.

D.Wenzhuo'sschooling.(3)WhatmadeWenzhuo'sperformancesfantastic?

A.Herhighlevelofsocialmobility.

B.Herknowledgeoftheinstrument.

C.Hergiftandthecharmoftheyangqin.

D.Herunderstandingofdifferentcultures.

(4)Howdoestheauthorsoundtowardtheyangqin?

A.Favorable.

B.Curious.

C.Strange.

D.Cold.3.

?Bangladesh'sfloatinggardens,builttogrowfoodduringfloodseasons,couldofferacontinuoussolutionforpartsoftheworldwhicharelikelytosufferfromfloodingbecauseofclimatechange,anewstudyhasfound.

?Bangladesh'sfloatinggardensbeganhundredsofyearsago.Thegardensaremadefromnativeplantsthatfloatintheriversandoperatealmostlikerafts(筏),risingandfillingwiththewaters.Historically,theywereusedtocontinuegrowingfoodduringrainyseasonswhenriverswerefilledwithwater.

?Thefarmerslayertheplantsaboutthreefeetdeep,creatingaversionofraised-bedgardensthatfloatinthewater.Then,theyplantvegetablesinsidethoserafts.Astheraft-plantsrotaway,theyreleasenutrients,whichhelpfeedthevegetableplants.

?Butasclimatechangeaffectedthevolumeofwaterinthoserivers,theresearcherswantedtounderstandwhetherBangladesh'sfloatinggardenscouldbeacontinuousfarmingpractice.Theyinterviewedfarmingfamiliesandfoundstrongevidencethatfloatinggardensprovidestability,bothintheamountoffoodavailabletofeedruralpopulationsandinafarmingfamily'sincome.

?Theyfoundthatfarmerstypicallyusehybrid(雜交)seeds,whichmustberepurchasedeachyear,togrowadiverserangeofvegetablesinthefloatinggardens.Thegardensarealsosensitivetopests,sofarmersendupspendingsomemoneyonbothpesticidesandfertilizers.Butevenwiththoseexpenses,theyfound,benefitsoutweighedcosts.Onefarmertoldtheresearchteamthatheearnsuptofourtimesasmuchmoneyfromthegardensasfromtraditionalricefields.

?However,beforegainingprofits,farmersoftentakeouthigh-interestloans(貸款)tocovertheinvestmentcostsoffillingthebedsandstockingthemwithplants.Luckily;therearealsolower-interestloansfromresponsiblegovernmentornon-governmentalorganizations,whichcouldeasethatburden.

(1)Howdovegetableplantsgrowaccordingtothetext?

A.Byabsorbingnutritionfromraft-plants.

B.Bytakingshelterfromclimatechange.

C.Bylivingtogetherwithhybridseeds.

D.Bymovingupanddownwithraisedbeds.

(2)Whatmightbeareplyfromfarmingfamiliesinterviewed?

A.“Ourlifebecomestoughwhenriversflood.”

B.“Fewervegetablesareplantedwhenwaterrises.”

C.“Weharvestmuchmorefoodduringrainyseasons.”

D.“Climatechangehaslittleinfluenceonourincome.”

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outweighed”inparagraph5mean?

A.Affected.

B.Brought.

C.Beat.

D.Equaled.(4)Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.Asolutiontoclimateproblemhasbeenfound.

B.Thegardensarebuiltwithrottednativeplants.

C.Farmersearnmorefromtraditionalricefields.

D.Low-interestloanslightenthestressoffarmers.4.

?ChinahasjustofficiallyopeneditsFASTradiotelescopetointernationalscientists.Scientistsacrosstheworldcansubmitproposalsforastronomicalobservationsusingthetelescope.

?FASTisshortforFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalTelescope(球面射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡)anditisalsobelievedtobetheworld'slargestradiotelescopeandthemostsensitivesingle-dishradiotelescope.ThereceivingsurfaceareaofFASTis250,000squaremeters,aboutthesizeof30standardfootballfields.ItsconstructionwascompletedinSeptember2016anditofficiallybeganoperatinginJanuary2020.

?Themajorscientifictaskofthetelescopeistheobservationofpulsars(脈沖星)–therotatingneutronstars.Thestudyofpulsarscanhelptoconfirmtheexistenceofgravitationalradiationandblackholes,andhelpsolvemanyothermajorquestionsinphysics.AnotherscientificgoalofFASTistosearchforouterspacecivilization.

?ThetelescopeislocatedinanaturallydeepandroundkarstdepressioninsouthwestChina'sGuizhouProvince.Thefirstadvantageoftheselectedsiteisthealtitude.TheaveragealtitudeofGuizhouisabout1,100meters,whichmaximizestheeffectivenessoftheobservationequipment.Secondly,theradiotelescopeneedstohavea"bigpan"toreceivebettersignal.Thehugenaturaldepressioncouldreducetheamountofexcavation(挖掘)anddifficultyofconstruction.Moreover,theselectedsiteinGuizhouisfarawayfromcities,andhasasmallpopulation,whichreducestheinterference(干擾)causedbywirelessdevicessuchasTVs,mobilephonesandradiosfromhumanactivities.

?FASThasidentifiedover300pulsars.Expertspredictthatthenumbercouldreach1,000infiveyearsandthatthetelescopecouldlocateandidentifythefirstpulsaroutsidethegalaxy.Withtheopening-uptointernationalscientists,China'sFASTisexpectedtomakemorecontributiontoastronomicalresearchinthefuture.

(1)WhatdoweknowaboutFAST?

A.Itisopenedtoglobalscientists.

B.Itisaprojectunderconstruction.

C.Ithasprovidedservicesince2016.

D.Ithasfoundapulsaroutsidethegalaxy.

(2)WhatisthemaintaskofFAST?

A.Tostudyblackholes.

B.Toobservethepulsars.

C.Toexplorethesun.

D.Toseekspacecivilization.(3)What'sspecialabouttheselectedsite?

A.It'sclosetourbanareas.

B.Itreducesengineeringamount.

C.Itpossessesashallowdepression.

D.It'satthehighestaltitudeinChina.(4)Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.MajorScientificTasksofFAST

B.WaystoSelecttheSiteforFAST

C.ContributionsFASTHasMade

D.FactsaboutFASTRadioTelescope第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。5.HowtoShowMaturity

?Sometimesit'sfuntobeakid,butothertimesyouwanttoshowthatyoucanbemature.Maturitycanbeasignpostofmovingfromchildhoodtoadulthood.

?Maturityisnotasetofrulesorexpectations,butitisaconcept.Herearesomewaystohelpyoubecomemature.

?●Livebyyourvalues.Maturityincludesmakingdecisionsbasedonyourvaluesandmorals,insteadofwhatfeelsgoodatthemoment.

?Letyourcharactermasteryourdesires.Showpeoplethatyouarewillingtoliveoutyourvalues,evenifitpresentsminorinconveniencestoyou.

?●

?Whenyouwereyounger,yourschedulewasmadeforyou:youwenttoschoolorsportsordance.Now,youmayhavemoreabilitytomakeyourownschedule.Whenyousayyouwilldosomething,doit.Evenifitisn'tyourideaoffun,showpeoplethattheycancountonyouandthatyouarereliable.

?●Treatpeoplewithrespect.Respectbuildstrustandsupportinarelationship.Makesureyoutreatotherswiththesamerespect,whetheritisyourparents,friendsorromanticpartner.

?

?●Admityourdisadvantages.

?Don'tblameotherpeoplefortheproblemsinyourlife.Allrelationshipsareinteractional,meaningthatyoubothcontributetohowyoufeelandwhathappens.It'smucheasiertoblamepeopleforhowbadyoufeel,butrecognizeyourrole,andtakeresponsibilityforyouractions.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。6.

?Over48,000orangetreesspreadallcornersofSeville,Spain.Theynotonlyfillthecity'sairwiththe

1?

smelloforangeflowersinspring,butalso

2?

over16,500tonsoffruiteverywinter.ThoughthatgivesSevillethe

3?

ofbeingEurope'stoporange-producingcity,thefruitistoosourtobe

4?

fresh.Whilesomeorangesareusedtomakejamandalcohol,mostofthem

5?

landfills(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)).Orangesarea

6?

forthecity.However,thatmaychangesoonthankstoanideaofusingtheorangestoproducecleanenergy

7?.

?Theprogramis

8?bythecity'scouncilandparksdepartment.Juice

9?

fromorangeswillbelefttoferment(發(fā)酵)inanexistingbiogasequipment.Thegasreleasedfromthefermentedliquidwillbeusedto

10?

amachinetoproducecleanenergy.Theofficialsthinkit'snotjustabout

11?

moneyandtheysayorangesare

12?

producingextravaluefromwaste.

?Inthefirstperiodofa(n)

13?

,1000kilosorangesproduced50kWhofcleanenergy—enoughto

14?

thedailyelectricityneedsoffivehomes.Ifit's

15?,by2023,thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges.Ifallthefruitis

16?,itwillproduceenoughenergytopowerasmanyas73,000people.

?Thisprojectwillhelptoreachthe

17?forreducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange.Thelatest

18?

isamongthemanyplansacrossSpainto

19?

thecountry'sgoalofswitchingitselectricitysystemto

20?

sourcesby2050.

(1)

A.pleasant

B.natural

C.familiar

D.strange(2)

A.attract

B.distribute

C.bear

D.collect(3)

A.moment

B.pride

C.state

D.dream(4)

A.protected

B.sold

C.picked

D.consumed(5)

A.gobackto

B.breakawayfrom

C.endupin

D.giveinto(6)

A.problem

B.relief

C.bid

D.strength(7)

A.traditionally

B.creatively

C.briefly

D.slightly(8)

A.conducted

B.abandoned

C.measured

D.recorded(9)

A.purified

B.sought

C.obtained

D.discovered(10)

A.fix

B.drive

C.wash

D.design(11)

A.spending B.earning

C.counting

D.saving(12)

A.urgently

B.occasionally

C.extremely

D.actually(13)

A.experiment

B.experience

C.competition

D.performance(14)

A.expand

B.satisfy

C.survey

D.remove(15)

A.complex

B.flexible

C.successful

D.simple(16)

A.displayed

B.ordered

C.eaten

D.recycled(17)

A.standards

B.targets

C.conclusions

D.agreements(18)

A.effort

B.proof

C.invention

D.style(19)

A.oppose

B.limit

C.interrupt

D.achieve(20)

A.repeated

B.readapted

C.renewable

D.reserved第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。7.

?TheNobelPrizeisthemostfamoushonorintheworld.TheprizeswerefirstawardedonDecember10,1901.ThatwasfiveyearsafterthedeathofAlfredNobel,the

?(create)oftheprizes.Formanyyears,prizeswereawardedinphysics,chemistry,medicine,literature,andpeace.A

?(six)awardforeconomicswascreatedin1968.

?MarieCuriewasthefirstwoman

?(receive)theaward,in1903inphysics.She

?(share)theawardwithherhusbandandanotherscientist.In1911,shewasawardedtheprizeinchemistry.CurieisoneoftheonlytwopeopleevertowinNobelPrizesindifferentareas.

?(surprising),herdaughterIrenealsowontheNobelPrizeinchemistry.Theyweretheonlymother-daughterpairtohavewontheprize.

?Theprizecommitteesaremadeup

?famousscholarsandscientists.Nobelprizewinners

?(choose)verycarefully.Thevotingistopsecret.PrizesarepresentedtothewinnerseveryyearonDecember10.Theprizewinnersaresomeofthemostimportantpeopleintheworld.

?(win)theawardhelpsthemcontinuetheirwork.TheNobelFoundationawardscash,adiploma

?agoldmedaltoeachprizewinner.Thecashamountchangesbasedon

?itisgiventooneindividualorsharedamongagroupofpeople.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）8.

?假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

?增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

?刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

?修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃-橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

?注意:?1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

?2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

?Ihavehadthepleasureofmeetinganiceneighborsincemyfamilymovetothenewcommunity.Weusualjustwavedandsaid"hi"whenwemet.Therefore,anincidentchangedthis.Theotherday,aheavierrainhitourarea.Withstrongwindsblowingthroughouttheday,apartofhiswoodenfence,about6footofit,camedown.WhenIwaswonderingwhattogetitrepaired,hegavemeahand.Withhishelp,thefencewasfixedquickly.ItwaskindactbymyneighborandIwastouchingbyhiskindness.Iwillsoonsendtohimathank-younote.

第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）9.

?假定你是李華，你的網(wǎng)友Peter對(duì)你校即將舉行的高中畢業(yè)紀(jì)念活動(dòng)很感興趣，請(qǐng)給他寫封郵件介紹此次活動(dòng)，內(nèi)容包括：

1.時(shí)間；

2.形式；

3.意義。

注意:

?1.詞數(shù)100左右；

?2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

?

?

?

參考答案1

(1)【答案】A

【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fruitjuices中第一句“Whilefruitjuicescancontainsomeimportantvitaminsandminerals,theyaretypicallyfullofsugar.(雖然果汁含有一些重要的維生素和礦物質(zhì)，但它們通常富含糖。)”可知，果汁提供必要的礦物質(zhì)，這對(duì)人們的身體有好處。故選A。

(2)【答案】C

【解析】:推理判斷題。根據(jù)Sportsdrinks中“Sportsdrinksmightseemliketheperfectchoiceforhydrationwhileexercising,buttheycontainahighamountofaddedsugarsastheyweredesignedforathletesduringfierceandlongperiodsofactivity.(運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料似乎是運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)補(bǔ)水的完美選擇，但它們含有大量的添加糖，因?yàn)樗鼈兪菫樵诩ち液烷L時(shí)間運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員設(shè)計(jì)的。)”和“Unlessthat'syou,juststicktoplainwater.(除非你是運(yùn)動(dòng)員，若不是，那就喝白開水吧。)”可推知，普通人運(yùn)動(dòng)后建議喝天然水。故選C。

(3)【答案】D

【解析】:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Sugarhasbeenlinkedtoseriousdiseaseslikeheartdisease,diabetesandevencancer,whichiswhyit'svitaltocutdownonfoodsanddrinksthatarehighinsugar.Takealookatthedrinksthatcontainasurprisingamountofhiddensugarsandwhatyoushouldbeeatinginstead.（糖與心臟病、糖尿病甚至癌癥等嚴(yán)重疾病有關(guān)，這就是為什么減少含糖量高的食物和飲料至關(guān)重要的原因?？纯茨切┖畜@人數(shù)量的隱藏糖的飲料，看看你應(yīng)該吃些什么。)”可知，本文介紹了幾種含糖量很高的飲料，以此來建議人們不要喝含糖量高的飲料，盡量遠(yuǎn)離這些飲料。故選D。2

(1)【答案】B

【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Aftergraduation,sheplacedfirstinnationwidecompetitionsandwasadmittedintotheNationalAcademyofChinese.(畢業(yè)后，她在全國比賽中獲得第一名，并被中國戲曲學(xué)院錄取)”以及“Wenzhuohasperformedwithcountlessorchestrasandgroupsofmusiciansandwoncountlessawardsforherperformances.（文卓曾與無數(shù)管弦樂隊(duì)和音樂家團(tuán)體合作演出，并獲得無數(shù)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。)”可知，她在很多比賽中名列前茅，故選B項(xiàng)。

(2)【答案】D

【解析】:段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenshewasonly13,WenzhuowasawardedascholarshiptotheArtsSchoolofHebeiProvince;thehighlycompetitiveprogramonlyacceptedasingleyangqinstudenteverytwoyears.Aftergraduation,sheplacedfirstinnationwidecompetitionsandwasadmittedintotheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtsinBeijing,whereshewasawardedherbachelor'sinyangqinperformancein2005.SheobtainedherdoctoratefromBostonUniversityinmusiceducationin2015andstudiedethnomusicologyatEastmanfrom2017to2019.（13歲時(shí)，文卓獲得河北省藝術(shù)學(xué)校獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；這個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的項(xiàng)目每?jī)赡曛徽惺找幻麚P(yáng)琴學(xué)生。畢業(yè)后在全國比賽中獲得第一名，考入北京中國戲劇藝術(shù)學(xué)院，2005年獲得揚(yáng)琴表演學(xué)士學(xué)位，2015年獲得波士頓大學(xué)音樂教育博士學(xué)位，2017年至2019年在伊斯曼學(xué)習(xí)民族音樂學(xué)。)”可知，第二段內(nèi)容主要介紹了文卓的所接受過的學(xué)校教育，故選D項(xiàng)。

(3)【答案】C

【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Needlesstosay,Wenzhuo'sperformancessoundedfantastic.Theyangqinisauniqueandbeautifulinstrumentanditssound,coupledwithWenzhuo'smusicalability,allowedthefourgreatlydifferingpiecestostandtogetherasawonderfulintroductiontotheinstrument.（不用說，文卓的演奏聽起來棒極了。揚(yáng)琴是一種獨(dú)特而美麗的樂器，它的聲音，再加上文卓的音樂才能，使這四首迥然不同的曲子成為了對(duì)揚(yáng)琴的精彩介紹。)”可知，讓表演很棒的是她的天賦和揚(yáng)琴的魅力。故選C項(xiàng)。

(4)【答案】A

【解析】:推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ItwasfascinatingtolearnabouttheyangqinandajoytowatchWenzhuoperformonit.（學(xué)習(xí)揚(yáng)琴很有意思，看文卓表演揚(yáng)琴也很開心。)”可知，作者喜歡揚(yáng)琴并且享受揚(yáng)琴表演，由此可推知，作者對(duì)于揚(yáng)琴的態(tài)度應(yīng)是支持的，故選A項(xiàng)。3

(1)【答案】A

【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“theyplantvegetablesinsidethoserafts.Astheraft-plantsrotaway,theyreleasenutrients,whichhelpfeedthevegetableplants.（他們?cè)谀痉だ锓N蔬菜。當(dāng)木筏植物腐爛時(shí)，它們會(huì)釋放營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，幫助植物生長。）”可知，蔬菜植物是吸收木筏植物的營養(yǎng)生長的。故選A項(xiàng)。

(2)【答案】D

【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Theyinterviewedfarmingfamiliesandfoundstrongevidencethatfloatinggardensprovidestability,bothintheamountoffoodavailabletofeedruralpopulationsandinafarmingfamily'sincome.（他們采訪了農(nóng)業(yè)家庭，發(fā)現(xiàn)了強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)表明，無論是在可供農(nóng)村人口食用的食物量方面，還是在農(nóng)業(yè)家庭的收入方面，浮動(dòng)花園都提供了穩(wěn)定性。）”可知，農(nóng)業(yè)家庭收入很穩(wěn)定，所以氣候變化對(duì)收入影響不大。故選D項(xiàng)。

(3)【答案】C

【解析】:詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Onefarmertoldtheresearchteamthatheearnsuptofourtimesasmuchmoneyfromthegardensasfromtraditionalricefields.”可知，一位農(nóng)民告訴研究小組，他從菜園中賺到的錢是從傳統(tǒng)稻田中賺到的錢的四倍，故此處想表達(dá)的是即使農(nóng)民最終會(huì)在殺蟲劑和肥料上花一些錢，但是收益也會(huì)大于成本。故outweighed意為“大于”。故選C項(xiàng)。

(4)【答案】D

【解析】:推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“However,beforegainingprofits,farmersoftentakeouthigh-interestloans(貸款)tocovertheinvestmentcostsoffillingthebedsandstockingthemwithplants.Luckily;therearealsolower-interestloansfromresponsiblegovernmentornon-governmentalorganizations,whichcouldeasethatburden.（然而，在獲得利潤之前，農(nóng)民往往會(huì)獲得高息貸款(貸款)以支付填充床和儲(chǔ)存植物的投資成本。幸運(yùn)的是；負(fù)責(zé)任的政府或非政府組織也提供低息貸款，可以減輕這種負(fù)擔(dān)。）”可推知，作者想表達(dá)負(fù)責(zé)任的政府或非政府組織提供低息貸款，減輕了農(nóng)民的壓力。故選D項(xiàng)。4

(1)【答案】A

【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Scientistsacrosstheworldcansubmitproposalsforastronomicalobservationsusingthetelescope.（世界各地的科學(xué)家可以提交使用望遠(yuǎn)鏡進(jìn)行天文觀測(cè)的建議。）”可知，F(xiàn)AST向全世界的科學(xué)家開放。故選A項(xiàng)。

(2)【答案】B

【解析】:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Themajorscientifictaskofthetelescopeistheobservationofpulsars（望遠(yuǎn)鏡的主要科學(xué)任務(wù)是觀測(cè)脈沖星）”可知，F(xiàn)AST的主要任務(wù)就是觀察脈沖星。故選B項(xiàng)。

(3)【答案】B

【解析】:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Secondly,theradiotelescopeneedstohavea"bigpan"toreceivebettersignal.Thehugenaturaldepressioncouldreducetheamountofexcavation(挖掘)anddifficultyofconstruction.（其次，射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡需要有一個(gè)“大盤”來接收更好的信號(hào)。巨大的自然洼地可以減少挖掘量和施工難度）”可推知，選擇地點(diǎn)的特別之處在于減少了工程量。故選B項(xiàng)。

(4)【答案】D

【解析】:主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了500米口徑球面望遠(yuǎn)鏡，包括它的主要任務(wù)，選址，建成時(shí)間等方面。D項(xiàng)“關(guān)于500米口徑球面望遠(yuǎn)鏡的實(shí)際情況”符合本文標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。5

(1)【答案】G

【解析】:上文“Maturitycanbeasignpostofmovingfromchildhoodtoadulthood.（成熟可以是從童年走向成年的路標(biāo)。）”說明G選項(xiàng)“它可以包括智力、情感甚至精神方面”中的“Itcaninclude”與上文提到的“signpost”話題相符，與上句銜接。故選G。

(2)【答案】D

【解析】:上文“Livebyyourvalues.（按照你的價(jià)值觀生活。）”說明D選項(xiàng)“讓你的價(jià)值觀指導(dǎo)你的生活”中的關(guān)鍵詞“values”與上文的“values”屬于同一話題，順理成章。故選D。

(3)【答案】A

【解析】:根據(jù)下文“Whenyousayyouwilldosomething,doit.Evenifitisn'tyourideaoffun,showpeoplethattheycancountonyouandthatyouarereliable.（當(dāng)你說你要做某事時(shí)，就去做。即使這不是你想要的樂趣，也要向人們展示他們可以信賴你，而且你是可靠的。）”說明A選項(xiàng)“信守承諾”中的關(guān)鍵詞“commitments”對(duì)應(yīng)“Whenyousayyouwilldosomething,doit.”表示信守承諾。故選A。

(4)【答案】E

【解析】:根據(jù)上文“Treatpeoplewithrespect（尊重他人）”說明E選項(xiàng)“以言行尊重他人”中的關(guān)鍵詞“Respect”與上文提到的尊重是同一話題。故選E。

(5)【答案】B

【解析】:根據(jù)上文“Admityourdisadvantages.（承認(rèn)你的缺點(diǎn)。）”，說明B選項(xiàng)“這是一個(gè)非常成熟的行動(dòng)”中的關(guān)鍵詞“action”與上文意思相符，說明此處想要表示承認(rèn)缺點(diǎn)是一種行動(dòng)，符合題意。故選B。6

(1)【答案】A

【解析】:考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們不僅在春天使城市空氣中彌漫著桔子花的宜人氣味，而且每年冬天結(jié)出超過16500噸的水果。A.pleasant令人愉悅的；B.natural自然的；C.familiar相似的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)文中“smelloforangeflowers”可知，此處描述的是桔子花的味道，用“令人愉悅的”符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。

(2)【答案】C

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們不僅在春天使城市空氣中彌漫著桔子花的宜人氣味，而且每年冬天結(jié)出超過16500噸的水果。A.attract吸引；B.distribute分配；C.bear結(jié)果實(shí)；D.collect收集。根據(jù)文中“over16,500tonsoffruit”可知，此處表示結(jié)出超過16500噸的果實(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。

(3)【答案】B

【解析】:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管這讓塞維利亞成為歐洲最大的橘子生產(chǎn)城市，但這種水果太酸了，不能新鮮的食用。A.moment片刻；B.pride自豪，驕傲；C.state狀態(tài)；D.dream夢(mèng)。根據(jù)句意可知塞爾維亞成為歐洲最大的橘子城是令人驕傲的。故選B項(xiàng)。

(4)【答案】D

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管這讓塞維利亞成為歐洲最大的橘子生產(chǎn)城市，但這種水果太酸了，不能新鮮的食用。A.protected保護(hù)；B.sold售賣；C.picked選擇；D.consumed消費(fèi)，食用。根據(jù)句意“thefruitistoosour”可知，水果太酸了，不能新鮮食用。故選D項(xiàng)。

(5)【答案】C

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：雖然一些橙子被用來做果醬和酒，但它們大多數(shù)最終都會(huì)被填埋。A.gobackto回到；B.breakawayfrom掙脫；C.endupin結(jié)束于；D.giveinto屈服于。根據(jù)上文“Whilesomeorangesareusedtomakejamandalcohol”可知，雖然有些橙子被用來制作果醬和酒，但大多數(shù)還是會(huì)被填埋，endupin“結(jié)束于”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。

(6)【答案】A

【解析】:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：橘子對(duì)這個(gè)城市來說是個(gè)問題。A.problem問題；B.relief寬慰；C.bid投標(biāo)；D.strength力氣。根據(jù)上文“mostofthemendupinlandfills”可知，此處想表示橘子都被填埋了，所以橘子對(duì)于這個(gè)城市來說是一個(gè)問題。故選A項(xiàng)。

(7)【答案】B

【解析】:考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這種情況可能很快就會(huì)改變，這要?dú)w功于利用橙子創(chuàng)造性地生產(chǎn)清潔能源的想法。A.traditionally傳統(tǒng)上；B.creatively創(chuàng)造性地；C.briefly短暫地；D.slightly略微。根據(jù)文中“thankstoanideaofusingtheorangestoproducecleanenergy”可知，此處表示這個(gè)是一個(gè)新的想法，所以是有創(chuàng)造力的。故選B項(xiàng)。

(8)【答案】A

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該項(xiàng)目由市議會(huì)和公園部門負(fù)責(zé)。A.conducted執(zhí)行，安排；B.abandoned拋棄；C.measured測(cè)量；D.measured記錄。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示市議會(huì)和公園部門負(fù)責(zé)該項(xiàng)目。故選A項(xiàng)。

(9)【答案】C

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從橙子中提取的果汁將留著在現(xiàn)有的沼氣設(shè)備中發(fā)酵。A.purified凈化；B.sought尋找；C.obtained獲得；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示橘子變成橘子汁，即從橘子中提取橘子汁。故選C項(xiàng)。

(10)【答案】B

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從發(fā)酵液中釋放出來的氣體將被用來驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)器生產(chǎn)清潔能源。A.fix安裝；B.drive駕駛，驅(qū)動(dòng)；C.wash洗；D.design設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)文中“machinetoproducecleanenergy.”可知，此處表示驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)器來生產(chǎn)清潔能源。故選B項(xiàng)。

(11)【答案】D

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：官員認(rèn)為認(rèn)為這不僅僅省錢，他們還說橘子實(shí)際上是從廢物中產(chǎn)生了額外的價(jià)值。A.spending支出；B.earning賺得；C.counting計(jì)算；D.saving節(jié)省。根據(jù)下文“theysayorangesareactuallyproducingextravaluefromwaste”可知，此處表示官員認(rèn)為，機(jī)器生產(chǎn)清潔能源并不僅僅是為了省錢。故選D項(xiàng)。

(12)【答案】D

【解析】:考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：官員認(rèn)為認(rèn)為這不僅僅省錢，他們還說橘子實(shí)際上是從廢物中產(chǎn)生了額外的價(jià)值。A.urgently緊急地；B.occasionally偶然；C.extremely極其；D.actually事實(shí)上。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示橘子事實(shí)上產(chǎn)生了額外的價(jià)值。故選D項(xiàng)。

(13)【答案】A

【解析】:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在實(shí)驗(yàn)的第一階段，1000公斤的橙子產(chǎn)生了50千瓦時(shí)的清潔能源——足以滿足五個(gè)家庭的日常用電需求。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；C.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；D.performance表演。根據(jù)文中“Inthefirstperiodof”可知，此處表示做實(shí)驗(yàn)的第一階段。故選A項(xiàng)。

(14)【答案】B

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在實(shí)驗(yàn)的第一階段，1000公斤的橙子產(chǎn)生了50千瓦時(shí)的清潔能源——足以滿足五個(gè)家庭的日常用電需求。A.expand擴(kuò)大；B.satisfy滿足；C.survey民意調(diào)查；D.remove移開。根據(jù)上文“1000kilosorangesproduced50kWhofcleanenergy”個(gè)下文的“thedailyelectricityneeds”可知，此處表示50千瓦的清潔能源足以滿足五個(gè)家庭的日常用電需求。故選B項(xiàng)。

(15)【答案】C

【解析】:考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果成功的話，到2023年，該市希望回收所有的橘子。A.complex復(fù)雜的；B.flexible靈活的；C.successful成功的；D.simple簡(jiǎn)單的。根據(jù)下文“thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges”可知，此處表示試驗(yàn)成功后該市的措施。故選C項(xiàng)。

(16)【答案】D

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果所有的水果都被回收利用，它將產(chǎn)生足夠的能量為多達(dá)73000人提供動(dòng)力。A.displayed陳列；B.ordered組織有序；C.eaten吃；D.recycled回收利用。根據(jù)上文“thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges”可知，此處表示橘子被回收利用。故選D項(xiàng)。

(17)【答案】B

【解析】:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該項(xiàng)目將有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)減少污染和應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的目標(biāo)。A.standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；B.targets目標(biāo)；C.conclusions結(jié)論；D.agreements協(xié)定。根據(jù)下文的“reducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange”可知，實(shí)現(xiàn)減少污染和應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化是一個(gè)目標(biāo)。且下文的“thecountry'sgoal”也是提示。故選B項(xiàng)。

(18)【答案】A

【解析】:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)最新努力是西班牙眾多計(jì)劃中的一項(xiàng)，這些計(jì)劃旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)該國到2050年將電力系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換為可再生能源的目標(biāo)。A.effort努力；B.proof證據(jù)；C.invention發(fā)明；D.style方式。根據(jù)上文“Thisprojectwillhelptoreachthetargetsforreducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange.”可知，此處表示這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃是最新的努力。故選A項(xiàng)。

(19)【答案】D

【解析】:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)最新努力是西班牙眾多計(jì)劃中的一項(xiàng)，這些計(jì)劃旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)該國到2050年將電力系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換為可再生能源的目標(biāo)。A.oppose反對(duì)；B.limit限制；C.interrupt打斷；D.achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)文中“thecountry'sgoal”可知此處表示實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。故選D項(xiàng)。

(20)【答案】C

【解析】:考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)最新努力是西班牙眾多計(jì)劃中的一項(xiàng)，這些計(jì)劃旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)該國到2050年將電力系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換為可再生能源的目標(biāo)。A.repeated重復(fù)的；B.readapted重新適應(yīng)的；C.renewable可再生的；D.reserved矜持的。根據(jù)文章大意可知，本文主要內(nèi)容是可再生能源，所以此處應(yīng)填入renewable，符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。7

(1)【答案】creator

【解析】:考查名詞。句意：那是該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的創(chuàng)始人阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾（AlfredNobel）去世5年后。此處說明AlfredNobel的身份，他是諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的創(chuàng)始人，所以應(yīng)用名詞creator，故填creator。

(2)【答案】sixth

【解析】:考查序數(shù)詞，句意：1968年設(shè)立了第六個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。由語境結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，前面已出現(xiàn)5個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，此處表示“第六個(gè)”經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，所以應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞sixth，故填sixth。

(3)【答案】toreceive

【解析】:考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：1903年，瑪麗·居里是第一位獲得該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的女性物理學(xué)家。分析句子可知，句子已有謂語was，receive在句中用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，結(jié)合序數(shù)詞thefirst可知，此處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語，the+序數(shù)詞+todo表示“第……個(gè)做某事”，故填toreceive。

(4)【答案】shared

【解析】:考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她與丈夫和另一位科學(xué)家共同獲獎(jiǎng)。分析句子可知，句子缺少謂語，share在句中作謂語，由語境及時(shí)間狀語1903年可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式，故填shared。

(5)【答案】Surprisingly

【解析】:考查副詞。句意：令人驚訝的是，她的女兒艾琳也獲得了諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。分析句子可知，空處作狀語修飾整個(gè)句子，應(yīng)用副詞形式，故填Surprisingly。

(6)【答案】of

【解析】:考查介詞。句意：評(píng)獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)由著名的學(xué)者和科學(xué)家組成。由句意“組成”和aremadeup可知此處應(yīng)填入介詞of