中國與英國婦女兒童福利對比

中國與英國婦女兒童福利對比ComparisonofwelfarebetweenwomenandchildreninChinaandBritain勞動與社會保障1441熊凱斌1420811102Women'swelfareinChina：1.FertilitybenefitsGivebirthallowancestowomen.Whenafemaleworkerispregnant,theexaminationfee,birthfee,operationfee,hospitalizationexpensesandexpensesforthemedicineshallbebornebytheunitinchargeoftheexaminationanddeliveryofthemedicalinstitutionorthedesignatedmedicalinstitutionoftheunit.Duringmaternityleave,wagesarepaidasusual.Ifthefemaleworkerisunabletoworkduetophysicalreasonsaftertheholidays,whenthemedicaldepartmentprovesthatthetreatmentexceedstheperiodofmaternityleave,itshallbedealtwithinaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsoftheworker'sillness.2.Women'slaborprotectionandwelfareInordertosafeguardthelawfulrightsandinterestsoffemaleworkers,toreduceandsolvethespecialdifficultiescausedbyfemaleworkersintheirworkandwork,andtoprotecttheirhealth,theStateCouncilformulatedtheregulationsonlaborprotectionforfemaleworkers.3.Women'shealthbenefitsInourcountrythe"maternalinfanthealthcarelaw"provisions"and"femaleworkerhealthcare,healthcaresystemoffemaleworkersmadeprovisions:alllevelsofmaternalandchildhealthcareinstitutionsatorabovethecountylevel,allunitsresponsibleforthemanagementwithinthescopeofbusinessguidance.Themedicalandhealthdepartmentsofeachunitshallberesponsibleforthehealthcareoffemaleworkersintheirunits.Thenumberoffemaleworkersin1000followingfactoriesshouldbenopart-timewomenhealthcarepersonnel;thenumberoffemaleworkersinmorethan1000factories,workersintheobstetricsandgynecologyFirst,increasethe"counterturn"efforts,especiallyforminorcrimes.Second,legalaidagencieshaveincreased,givinglegalassistancetomorechildren.Britishwomenandchildrenwelfare：Maternitybenefitsaremainly:StatutoryMaternityPay:whentheemployeeispregnant,theemployerpaysthewagesperweek,dependingontheincomeoftheemployeeandtheemployer'stermofthejob.(1)MaternityAllowance:foreligiblepersonswhoarenotlegallyentitledtopregnancy,theapplicationstatusdependsontherecentworkandthepaymentoftheinsurancebenefits.(2)SocialFundMaternityPayments:forthosewhoreceiveincomesubsidies,jobsubsidies,workfamilystoragetaxes,taxesorprovidethedisabledstorage.(3)SureStartMaternityGrants:forthosewhoreceiveincomesubsidies,jobsubsidies,workfamilystoragetaxes,orthedisabledstoragetaxprovided.Childwelfare(1)ChildBenefit:nomatterhowmuchyouearnorhowmuchyoupayfornationalinsurance,youareentitledtochildbenefitsaslongasyouhavetheresponsibilitytotakecareofchildren.Benefitsareprovidedforchildrenundertheageofsixteen,andchildrenagedsixteentoeighteenareeligibletoreceivethestudyatnontertiaryinstitutionsforthefulltime.Insomecases,evenifthechildhasleftfulltimeeducation,theyarestilleligibleforwelfarepaymentsforsometime.Thebenefitsareasfollows:thefirsteligiblechild,fifteenpoundsaweek,andtherestofthechildrentenpoundsaweek.(2)Guardian'sAllowance:iftheguardianisresponsiblefortakingcareofthechildrenwhoseparentshavepassedaway,theyareeligibletoapplyfortheallowanceandchildbenefits.Thefirsteligiblechildrenhadninepoundsandeighty-fivepenceaweek,andtheotherchildrenelevenpoundsandthirty-fivepenceaweek.(3)ChildSupportMaintenance:ChildSupportAgencyisresponsibleforaskingyouforappropriatealimonytoyourpartnerwhohaslivedseparatelysoastotakecareoftheirchildren'slives.Youwillhavetoapplyforassessmentandcollectchildsupportfromyou.IfyouoryourcurrentpartnerforSupportIncome-basedJobseeker'sAllowanceincomeIncome,WorkingFamilies',TaxCredit,DisabledPerson'sTaxCredit,tosupportthechildrenmayrequireyoutoapplyforchildsupport.(4)ChildMaintenanceBonus:ifyoutakecareofachildwhoreceiveschildsupport,youareeligibletoapplyforachildsupportallowancewhenyoustopapplyingforincomebenefitsorjobbenefits.(5)familyallowance:ifyouatleastsixteenhoursaweek,lowincomeandtheneedtotakecareofatleastonechild.(childrenmustbeundertheageofsixteen,orundertheageofnineteen,fulltimestudy),willbeeligibletoapplyforthe.(6)singleparentallowance:forpersonswithsingleparentswhoaredependentontheirchildren,theallowanceisonlyforthefirstchild,exceptforthechildbenefits.ThecurrentbenefitisthirtypenceperSaturday.Widowswelfare(1)widowKim,awidowwhoisnotentitledtoapensionwhenherhusbanddies,whoseageisunder60,andtheamountis1000pounds.(2)WidowMotherallowance:widowswhotakecareofatleastonechildareeligibleforchildbenefits;orawidowwhoispregnantwhenherhusbandgoes.Theallowanceistax.(3)widowpension:theapplicantis45yearsofageorabove,orceasestoreceivewidows'motherbenefits.Theamountissetaccordingtoageandamount.Conclusion:InBritainandChinaandthewelfareofwomenandchildrenaredifferent,butinwomen,China'swidowwelfarenospecificpolicyandcorrespondingbenefits,whileinchildren,ourcountrypaysmoreattentiontothechildren'seducationandhealth,andmoreattentionispaidtotheBritishchildrentoraisefundsandallowancesubsidies.Therefore,Ibelievethatintheareasofwomenandchildren'swelfare,myCongressisslowlyapproachingthewelfarestateofthewelfarestate,whichisalsotheinevitabledirectionofpolicydevelopment.Reference：[1]Britishchildren'swelfaresystemandItsEnlightenment[J].QinBaoyu,YangHong.Developmentofhumanresources.2014(22)[2]children'swelfaredemonstrationprojectdesignlogic[J].HuangXiaoyan,XuWenqing.Socialwelfare.2014(11)[3]Chinachildwelfaresystemandtheconstructionofsocialwelfare.[J].JiangZhiqiang(THEORYEDITION)2014(12).[4],directorofchildwelfareinaction:smallgardenlovesurgery[J].socialwelfare.2015(01)[5].JiangZhiqiangconstructionof[7]developmentinChinaandthetrendofchildren'swelfaresystem.Publicmanagementandpolicyreview.2015(01)[6]China's