初中英語中考解讀 題型五短文填空

題型五短文填空1.短文填詞的具體考查內(nèi)容：(1)時態(tài)、語態(tài)(現(xiàn)在時/過去時/完成時；主動/被動)；(2)三大從句(定語從句/名詞性從句/狀語從句)的連接詞that，which，when，where，who，what…；并列句的連接詞and，but，however，while，or，otherwise，so…；(3)非謂語動詞主要考查分詞作定語(主動，被動)；分詞作狀語；不定式作狀語；動名詞作主語、賓語；(4)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換；(5)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)；(6)冠詞(a/an/the的區(qū)分)；(7)形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級；(8)固定搭配。2.解題步驟：(1)略讀全文，掌握大意。短文填詞與完形填空一樣，屬于障礙性閱讀，但它的難度比完形填空還要高，因為完形填空有四個備選答案，而短文填詞沒有提供備選答案，要求學(xué)生既能想得到答案，還要寫得對單詞。所以在解題時，先略讀全文，對文章大意有所了解。(2)運用所學(xué)知識和技巧，逐項填空，先易后難。在完成上述步驟后，運用所學(xué)的知識與技巧，根據(jù)文章的大意，逐個填空。易的先填，難的做標記后填。絕對不能留空。(3)核對答案。全部題目完成后，再復(fù)讀一遍，核查答案。①檢查動詞時，注意動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)。②檢查名詞時，要注意其單復(fù)數(shù)。③檢查形容詞和副詞時，要注意其三個級別。④檢查習(xí)慣用語、固定搭配等是否符合語境。⑤檢查上下文的連貫性，以及所填詞是否符合邏輯。【典例剖析】(2020·黃石)在方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~并用其正確形式填空。(每空一詞)Normanwasateacherofamiddleschool.Heenjoyedrunningforexercisearoundtheparkwhenhewasfree.kind

as

stand

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loseremember

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treatOneSundayafternoon，afterrunning__51__

usual，Normandecidedtogohomeandhavearest.Justthenhenoticedanoldlady__52__

bytheroad.Theoldladylookedaroundworriedly.Normanwentoverandaskedwhathecoulddoforher.Afterashorttalk，Normancametoknowthatsheforgotherwayhomeandgot__53__.Normancalledtheoldlady'ssonandthentookhertothe__54__

restaurant.kind

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loseremember

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treatIntherestaurant，Normanorderedfoodforherpolitely.Whileeating，sometimesshecarelessly

sprinkled(撒)foodanddrinkonthetableandonhercoat.Othercustomers(顧客)feltdisgusted(厭惡)atthesight.ButNormandidn'tcare__55__

it.Hecleanedthetablefromtimetotimeinsilenceand__56__

tooktheoldladysometimetofinisheating.Afterthat，Normanpaidthebill.Theywerereadytoleave__57__

theoldlady'ssonarrived.HeheldNorman'shandandsaid，“Thankstoyourhelp，mymotherwas__58__

well.”kind

as

stand

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loseremember

it

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treat“You'rewelcome.Shemakesme__59__

mymomwholivesinthecountryside.Ijustdidwhatasonshoulddo.”saidNormanwithasmile.Allthecustomersaroundweremovedbyhis__60__

andshowedrespecttohim.kind

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loseremember

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treat剖析：51.考查固定搭配。asusual意為“像平常一樣”。故答案為as。52.分析句子，本句主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，考慮空處作后置定語的可能性，根據(jù)所給詞判斷用stand的現(xiàn)在分詞形式standing，standingbytheroad“站在路邊”符合語境。故答案為standing。53.由上文“sheforgotherwayhome”可知她走丟了?？疾楣潭ù钆鋑etlost。故答案為lost。54.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里應(yīng)該填形容詞來修飾restaurant。分析句意和備選單詞，只有near符合語境，根據(jù)空前的the可知這里要用near的最高級形式，表示“距離最近的”。故答案為nearest。55.根據(jù)上文“Othercustomersfeltdisgustedatthesight.”和表示句意轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞“But”可知推斷這里指“但是諾曼先生一點都不在意?！北绢}考查固定搭配careabout，意為“在意”。故答案為about。56.本題考查固定句式“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”。it在句中作形式主語。故答案為it。57.空處前后均為完整句子，考慮缺的是連詞，根據(jù)所給詞判斷本句為用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“正當(dāng)他們要離開的時候，老太太的兒子來了?！惫蚀鸢笧閣hen。58.空后的副詞well修飾動詞，且空前有was，據(jù)此可以推測，本空要填動詞的過去分詞，和was一起構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。分析備選單詞可知treat符合上下文。betreatedwell表示老人“被很好地對待”。故答案為treated。59.本句句意為“她讓我________我住在農(nóng)村的母親?！狈治鼍湟夂蜕舷挛目芍@里應(yīng)該填remember。makesb.dosth.意為“讓某人做某事”。故答案為remember。60.本句句意為“周圍所有的顧客都被他的________感動并且向他表示敬意?！庇煽涨暗膆is可知空處填名詞，結(jié)合句意和備選單詞，可知此處填kind的名詞形式kindness。A(2020·四市聯(lián)考)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Alongtimeago，afatherwasoldandsick.Hedidnothavemuchtimetolive，andhewanted1.____________(give)hissonsagoodlessonbeforehedied.Recently，henoticedthathissons2.____________(fight)amongthemselvesandseemedunabletoagreeonanything.Theoldmanfearedwhatwouldhappenafterhis3.____________(die).Hewasafraidthathissonswouldbegintoargue.“Theywilldisagreeabouteverything，”Hethought.“Soonthey4.____________(be)enemies，eachgoinghisowndirection.”togivewerefightingdeathwillbeHecalledhissonstogetherinhisroom.“Bring5.____________(I)abundle(束)ofstick，”heaskedhisservant(仆人).Soonenough，athickbundleofsticksarrived，tied6.____________(close)together.Onebyone，hegavethebundletoeachson，andaskedhimtobreakthebundle.Onesonafteranotherpulledandtwisted(擰)withallofhisstrength(力量)，7.____________thestickswouldnotbreak.Theoldmansmiledandorderedhisservanttountiethebundleofsticks.Hehandedonesticktoeachsonandsaid，“Nowbreakthestick.”mecloselybutOfcourse，thesinglestick8.____________(break)intwoeasily.Theoldfatherlookedat

hissons.“Doyouunderstandthislesson？”heasked.Eachson，beingintelligent，9.____________(understand)themeaningatonce.Alone，itiseasyforoneofthemtobeharmed.Buttogether，theyarestrongandcan'tbeharmedeven10.____________greatforces(勢力).That'sthemeaningofthestickingtogether.Inunity，thereisgreatstrength.wasbrokenunderstoodbyB(2020·鎮(zhèn)江)閱讀下面短文，在空白處寫出各單詞的正確形式，單詞的第一個字母已給出。Amanhadagarden.Heplantedaroseandwateredit1.c____________.Beforetheroseblossomed(盛開)，henoticedmanythorns(刺)aroundthebud(花蕾)

andhethought,“2.H____________

cananybeautifulflowercomefromaplantwithsomanysharpthorns？”Becauseofthis3.i____________，helostinterestinthiskindofplant,thenhegaveupwateringtherose.Andjust4.b____________

itwasreadytoblossom，itdied.arefullyowdeaeforeGoodqualitiesarejustlikeroses.Thereisarosein5.e__________________

_____________

spirit.Thegoodqualitiesplantedinusatbirth，growamongthethorns—ourweaknesses.Manyofuslookat6.o____________

andweonlyseeourw