孔子的教育思想英文版

TheEducationalThoughtsofConfuciusIntroductionBorninthevillageofZoninthecountryofLuin551BCDiedin479BCPosition:ThefirsteducatorofprivateschoolMaindoctrine——Ren·FounderoftheConfucianschoolandConfucianism·SymbolofChineseculture·Thinker·Educator·Statesman·PhilosopherConfuciusisfamousforhisphilosophybecausehemademanywisesayingsinancientChinathathelpedmanypeoplelearnaboutnature,theworld,andthehumanbehavior.HeestablishedfirstprivateschoolinChinaandacceptedthestudentsfromeverywhere.Subjects:Manners,Music,Literature,Riding,ArcheryandMathematics(禮，樂，射，御，書，數(shù)）Hehave3000students.Amongthem,72becamefamousscholars.TheAnalectsisthesinglemostimportantbookinthehistoryofChina,whichexpressaphilosophy,oramoralcode,bywhichConfucius,oneofthemosthumanethinkersofalltime,believedeveryoneshouldlive.AnenduringclassicofChineseculture,TheAnalectshasinfluencedallthinkers,writersandpoliticiansintheover2,000-year-longhistoryofChinaafterConfucius.Noscholarcouldtrulyunderstandthislong-standingcultureortheinnerworldoftheancientChinesewithoutthisbook.TheAnalectsPhilosophy仁Humanity智Knowledge義Knowledge信Knowledge禮KnowledgeBenevolence,tobehumanity,mercyandkindness;Justness,toberighteousnessRituals,customandlow,tobepoliteWisdom,tobeknowledgeableandwelleducatedRoyalty,faithful,reliable,accountable,responsible,creditableI

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men.不患人之不己知，患不知人也Whatonedoesnotwishforoneself,oneoughtnottodotoanyoneelse;whatonerecognizesasdesirableforoneself,oneoughttobewillingtogranttoothers."Thepersonsbeingcultivated,thefamilieswereregulated.身修而后家齊Thefamiliesbeingregulated,theStateswererightlygoverned.家齊而后國治TheStatesbeingrightlygoverned,theentireworldwasatpeace.國治而后天下平EducationalThoughtsConfuciuswasChina'sfirsteducator.Hetaughtstudentsallhislife,andputforwardmanyimportanteducationalprinciplesandeffectiveteachingmethods.Heheldthatallmenwereeducable,becausebynaturemenwerequitealike,andtheyweremadedifferentbylearningandpractice.He

wasthefirstfigureinChinesehistorytoinitiateeducation.Hebelievedthebasicgoalofeducationwastocultivate"personsofvirtue",whoshouldhavesoundcharacterandupliftedminds.Thiswasinhisdayanepoch-makingview,becauseitmeantthatnotonlythenobles，butpeopleofallotherclasses，wereentitledtoreceiveeducation.Histeachingmethodsincludedtheelicitingmethod,givinginstructionsaccordingtostudents'peculiarities,andcombiningtheorywithrealityandpractice.Todeepenhisstudents,understanding,hediscussedwiththemrealpeopleandeventsofearliertimesandhisday,expressinghisownviews,makinganalys,pointingouttheirstrengthsandweaknesses,andurginghisstudentstoweighanddecideissues.Educationtarget：thefirstpersontoopenaprivateschooltocommonpeopleCoursecontentmorality,properspeech,government,therefinedartsPedagogicalmethods:Heposesquestions,orusesaptanalogies,andwaitsforhisstudentstoarriveattherightanswers.Educationgoal:tocreatesuperiormenTopreferitisbetterthanonlytoknowit.Todelightinitisbetterthanmerelytopreferit.Whatyouknow,youknow,whatyoudon‘tknow,youdon’tknow.Thisisknowledge.知之為知之,不知為不知,是知也。知之者不如好之者，好之者不如樂之者。Inteachingpeople,thereisnodiscrimination(ofclass,type,etc.)Reviewingwhatyouhavelearnedandlearninganew,youarefittobeateacher.Learningwithoutsatiety,instructingotherswithoutbeingwearied.If

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regret.ZiGongasked:“WhywasKongWenZicalled‘Wen’?”Confuciusreplied:“Hewasquickanddevotedtolearning,andnotashamedtoaskedthosebelowhim.Thatiswhyheiscalled‘Wen’”.子貢問曰：“孔文子何以謂之‘文’也？”子曰：“敏而好學(xué)，不恥下問，是以謂之‘文’也?！盜nfluence叁TheConfucianthoughtshaveawideinfluenceinallthenationsofEastAsia.InKoreaandJapan,ethicandetiquettehavebeenundertheinfluenceoftheConfucianviewpointssuchashumanity,justiceandetiquett