人教版高中英語必修一重點詞匯句型

U1addsth.up把……加起來addsth.tosth.把……加到/進……里addupto加起來共計/達(不用于被動語態(tài))addto增加；增添upsetupsetupsetsthupsetsb某事使某人心煩不安sbupsetsth某人打翻某物sbbeupsetaboutsthignorebeignorantof對···不了解，無知outofignorance出于無知stay/keep/becalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜AsfarasIamconcerned就我而言Sbbeconcernedaboutsth擔心Sbbeconcernedin/withsth涉及Concerningsth=Regardingsth關于，某事gothroughahardtime經歷了一段困難時期gothroughthebaggage檢查行李gothroughthenewspaper瀏覽報紙 gothroughlotsofmoney花了很多錢setdowntheideasonpaper把想法寫在紙上setmedownatthebus-stop在車站讓我下車aseriesofonpurpose=bydesign故意byaccident=bychance偶然，碰巧inorder(not)toinorderthatsoas(not)tosothatatduskatdawnpowerpowerfulcometopower當前dosthfacetofaceaface-to-facetalkdrawthecurtain放下窗簾dust-dustydirt-dirtysettledownsettleinsw在某地定居settleanargument/amatter解決爭端/問題sufferfrom因……而痛苦,患……病sufferfromloneliness因孤獨而痛苦sufferfromabadcold得了重感冒遭受,蒙受(痛苦、饑餓、寒冷、損失等)sufferaheavyloss遭受嚴重損失sufferpain/hunger/cold/death遭受痛苦;饑餓;寒冷;死亡sufferern.受苦者 sufferingn.痛苦,苦難recoverfromillnessbetiredof(doing)sth厭煩做某事betiredfrom(doing)sth因做某事很累packupapackof一包havetroublewithsb與某人鬧別扭havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsthfallinlovewithsbbegratefultosbforsthswapAforBYouhadtopaytogetitrepairedGet/havesthdoneYourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.主語補足語While（youwere）walkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.主句與從句一致，切從句含有be動詞，主語和be動詞可一起省略Tellhimthatheshouldhavestudied.本該做卻沒做Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?定語從句HerfamilywasJewishsonearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.不定式作后置定語Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.定語從句Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface…Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語It’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.定語從句Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.It作形式賓語Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.U2重點單詞和短語becauseofduetothankstoowingtoasaresultofonaccountofnative adj.本地的,本國的 one’snativeland/country/language故鄉(xiāng)；祖國；母語 anativespeakerofEnglish以英語為母語的人benativeto（動植物）原產于某地 n.本地人；當?shù)厝?；原產于某地的動植物anativeofZhongXiang鐘祥人comeup:走上前來；被提出；（太陽、月亮）升起；發(fā)生HecameuptomeandsaidhellotomeYourquestioncameupatthemeetingThesunhascomeupI’llletyouknowifanythingcomesupcomeupwithagoodidea:想出一個好點子basevt.以……為根據：basesth.onsth.使……以……為依據/基礎baseone’sopinionsonfacts:意見以事實為依據bebasedon:以……為依據n．基礎：makeLondonthebaseforrevolutionarywork使倫敦成為革命工作的根據地basisn.根據；基本原則onthebasisof……在……的基礎上thebasisof/foryouropinion你的看法的依據presentv.贈送；呈現(xiàn)；介紹；描述presentsth.tosb./presentsb.withsth.向某人贈送/頒發(fā)/授予/介紹某物presentsb.tosb.else向某人介紹/引見某人adj現(xiàn)在的；在場地bepresentatthemeeting出席會議 everyonepresent在場的各位thepresentsituation目前的形式atpresent/atthepresenttime目前；現(xiàn)在 forthepresent眼下；暫時 n.贈品；禮物makeuseof利用；使用 makefulluseof充分利用makegooduseof好好利用 makelittleuseof不充分利用makethebest(use)of更好地利用；往好里做makethemostof更好地利用HisprogressinstudyliesinthegoodusehemadeofhissparetimeWeshouldconsiderwhatusecanbemadeofsuchamaterialsuchas:用于列舉，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“名詞（,）suchas+被列舉的事物”和“such+名詞+as+被列舉的事物”形式出現(xiàn)Sweetfood,suchaschocolatecanmakeyoufat=Suchsweetfoodaschocolatecanmakeyoufatcommand V.命令；指令；掌握 commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事 command(that)sb.(should)dosth.從句中用虛擬語氣 n．命令;指令；掌握haveagoodcommandofEnglish.精通/熟練掌握英語requestV.請求，要求 requeststh.fromsb.向某人索要某物 requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事requestthatsb.(should)dosth. It’srequestedthat從句據要求 asrequested依據請求playanimportant/vitalpart/rolein(doing)sth.在……中起重要/至關重要的作用playtheleadingrole/part起主要作用，起帶頭作用，演主角recognizevt.識別；認出recognizesb./sb’svoice.認出某人/聽出某人的聲音recognizesth./sb.tobe承認某人是……recognizesth./sb.assth.正式認可/接受某事/人為……recognitionn.承認，認出 beyond/outofrecognition認不出來alargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakers許多英語講得流利的人thenumberofpeoplelearningEnglish學習英語的人的數(shù)目makesense有道理；有意義；講得通Insomeimportantwaystheyareverydifferentfromoneanother.AtfisttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.過去分詞作后置定語ItwasbasemoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.定語從句EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.定語從句ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling. TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語Theflyagreedimmediatelywithoutasecondthought.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.ManypeoplebelievetheEnglishspokenonTVandtheradioisstandardEnglish.過去分詞作后置定語ThosewhoreportthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.定語從句Youwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.掌握way作先行詞的關系詞Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressionsdifferentfromthestandardlanguage.TheUSAisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.U3prefervt.更喜歡 prefercoffeetotea.更喜歡咖啡而不是茶preferdoingtodoing更喜歡干……而不愿干……prefertodoratherthando寧愿干……而不愿干……preferthatsb(should)do更寧愿某人干…preferencen.(兩者之中)較喜歡的東西；偏好；偏愛haveapreferencefor…對……偏愛 havenoparticularpreference沒有特別的偏好persuadevt.說服；勸服、persuadesb.todosth.=odoingsth.說服某人做……persuadesb.nottodo=persuadesb.outofdoing說服某人停止做……；勸阻某人做……persuadesb.ofsth.或persuadesb.+that從句使某人相信persuasiveadj.有說服力的6、schedule:n.時間表；進度表 aheadofschedule較預定的時間提前 onschedule按照預定的時間，按時 behindschedule遲于預定的時間；拖后 vt.為……安排時間schedulethemeetingforthatnight會議的時間定在那天晚上bescheduledtodosth.預定做某事10、determinevt.&vi.確定；決定；使…下定決心determinetodo決定做某事determinesb.todosth.使某人決定做某事determineonearlystartdeterminedadj已決定了的；堅定的；堅決的bedeterminedtodosth決定干某事adeterminedlook堅定的表情adeterminedman意志堅定的人determination決定；決心 withdetermination堅決地amanofgreatdetermination意志堅定的人atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在……高度at表示“在……處/時；以……” atapriceof以……的價格 ataspeed/rateof以……速度atalengthof在……長度atadepth/widthof在……深度，寬度 atadistanceof在……遠的距離atthecostof以……為代價makeupone’smind下決心 readone’smind看出某人心思 keepone’smindon專心于 speakone’smind直言不諱 bear/keepsth.inmind記住某事givein(tosb./sth.)(向……)屈服；讓步；投降giveoff發(fā)出（蒸汽、光、熱等）giveout分發(fā)；筋疲力盡 pace.n.一步；速度；步調 keeppacewith跟……齊步前進attitude,n.態(tài)度；看法takeafriendlyattitudeto/towardsus.對我們采取友善的態(tài)度holdapositive/negativeattitude持積極/消極態(tài)度insistv.堅決要求；主張insiston(sb’s)doingsth.堅決要求（某人）做insiston(my)givingupsmoking堅決要求（我）戒煙insist+從句Heinsistedthathewasright.他堅持認為他是正確的Heinsistedthatheshouldbesetfree.他堅決要求他被釋放view.n.視野；視力；景色；看法；觀點be/gooutofview從視野消失 comeintoview進入視線admiretheview欣賞景色frommypointofview依我看來taketheviewthat從句，持有……觀點V.考慮；觀看viewsb.assth.把……看作24、putupthetents.搭起帳篷 putupyourhands舉手putupthepost張貼海報 putuptenpeoplefornightWangWeisoongottimeinterestedincyclingtoo.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiversheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.虛擬語氣WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold,shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.主動被動態(tài)情況Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnanProvinceTheveryfirsttimethatJoesawthefilm“ET”directedbyStevenSpielberg,hemadeuphismindtobecomeadirectortoo.作連詞Alongthewaychildrendressedinlongwoolcoatsstoppedtolookatus.過去分詞作后置定語Atonepointweweresohighthatwefoundourselvescyclingthroughclouds.Wecanhardlywaittoseethem.U4burst(burst,burst)vi.爆裂；爆發(fā)burstintoaplace=breakintoaplace突然闖進burstin突然插嘴；打斷burstintotears/laughters/flames突然大哭/大笑/起火burstoutcrying/laughing/singing突然哭起來/笑起來/唱起來n.一陣aburstoflaughter/applause一陣笑聲/掌聲aburstofanger怒火的迸發(fā)atanend結束；終結 intheend最后；終于attheend(ofsth.)在結尾處；在（……）結束的時候bytheendofthismonth在本月末ruinn.廢墟；毀滅；遺跡 be/lie/standinruins成為一片廢墟 theruinsofYuanmingyuan圓明圓遺跡 v.毀滅；使破產/滅ruinone’shealth毀壞某人健康 ruinone’shope使某人希望破滅destroy(destroyed,destroyed)vt.破壞；毀壞；消滅destroythebuilding毀壞建筑 destroy/ruinone’shope使希望破滅destructionn.破壞；毀壞trackn.軌道；足跡；痕跡 keeptrackof記錄；掌握……的線索shock:n.休克；打擊；震驚；令人震驚的事beagreatshock沉重的打擊 anelectricshock電擊Thebadnewsleftusspeechlessfromshock壞消息使我們震驚得說不出話來。vt&vi(使)震驚；震動beshockedby/at對……感到震驚 ashockingaccident令人震驚的事故rescue:n&vt.援救；營救rescuesb.from…從危險中救出 arescueteam救援隊come/gotoone’srescue營救某人 rescuern.營救人員trapvt.使陷入困境hemud=get/betrappedinthemud被困在泥巴里面trapsb./o(doing)…誘使某人/某物（做）…… n.陷阱；困境setatrap設圈套buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏buryone’sface/headinsth.把臉/頭伸到……里去buryoneselfin=beburiedin埋頭于；專心于beburiedinthought陷入了沉思 burialn.埋葬；葬禮judgen.裁判員；法官；workasajudge:當法官/裁判 vt.斷定；判斷；判決；認為judgesth.from/bysth.由……來判斷judgingfrom/bysth.由……來看（作狀語）judgesb.tobe…認為某人……AsfarasIcanjudge據我判斷 judgethecase審理這個案件judgementn.判決；審判；判斷 makeajudgementonsth.對……作出判斷expressvt.表達；表示expressthanks/thoughts表達感謝/思想 n.快車，速遞rise(roserisen)vi.增長；站起；起床n.上漲；漲工資riseby20%增長了20%riseto200.增長到200risefromthechair從椅子上站起來Earlytobedandearlytoriseisgoodtoyourhealth早睡早起對身體有好處askforarise要求漲工資 getarise升級；漲工資runoutof；用光（不用被動)thinklittle/nothingof輕視；忽視；對……滿不在乎thinkmuch/highlyof重視；看重；對……高度評價reachv.延伸；達成（協(xié)議）；得出結論；伸手夠到某物；與……取得聯(lián)系Thewoodsreachesasfarastheriver森林延伸至河邊reachanagreement達成協(xié)議 reachaconclusion得出結論reachhimbytelephone用電話與他取得聯(lián)系reachoutforsth伸手去拿n.夠著；達到outofthereachofsb.在某人伸手夠不著的地方 withinthereachofsb.在某人伸手夠得著的地方 above/beyondthereachofsb.超出某人的能力Itsounds/looks/feels/seemsasif.聽/看/感覺起來/看來好像withoutwarning在沒有任何先兆的情況下thedisaster-hit/strickenareas受災地區(qū)Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!掌握其用法ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway.One-thirdofthenationfeltit.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.定語從句Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledofinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.Allhopewasnotlost.部分否定Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.Unit5重點單詞和短語quality.n.質量；品質；性質beofhigh/good/low/poorquality質量高/低amanoffinequalities:一位有很多好品質的男子quantity數(shù)量qualifyv.使……具體資格（品質）meanadj.吝嗇的；自私；卑鄙的It’smeanofsb.todosth.做某事真是太自私/卑鄙了bemeantosb.about/oversth.在某方面對某人很吝嗇devotevt.(與to連用)獻身；專心于devoteoneselftosth./doingsth.獻身于……；專心做某事devoteone’slife/time/money/energytosth./doingsth.把本人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻于……devoted.adj.忠實的；深愛的bedevotedto…專心致志于；忠于；喜歡adevotedfriend一位忠實的朋友adevotedmother一位賢妻良母principlen.法則；原則；原理 sticktoone’sprinciples恪守自己的原則 againstone’sprinciple違背某人的原則outofwork=beoutofajob失業(yè) outofcontrol失去控制 outofpatience失去耐心 outofreach夠不著 outofdate過時 outofsight看不見 outofmoney錢花光 outofmind心不在焉 outoforder壞了；混亂votevt&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決voteon…就……投票 votefor/against投票贊成/反對votetodo投票表決幫某事； vote+that從句blowup;使喪氣；炸毀 getthetireblownup給輪胎打氣blowupabridge炸毀一座橋equaladj.相等的；平等的； beequalto與……相等；等于；能勝任v.等于；比得上n.同等（對等）的人；對于；匹敵者equalsbinsth=beanequaltosbinsth.在某方面與某人匹敵/勢力相當equallyadv.beintrouble在危險；受罰；痛苦；憂慮等的處境中getintotrouble遇到麻煩;出事havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難takegreattroubletodosth不辭辛苦做某事turnto求助于；致力于；轉向；變成；轉變到turntosb.forhelp/advice 向某人求助/救giveupmedicineandturntowriting放棄醫(yī)學轉向寫作loseheart喪失勇氣或信心 loseone’sheartto愛上；喜歡上loseoneselfin迷上loseone’stemper發(fā)怒excape.vi&vt逃脫；逃走；泄露escapepunishment/beingpunished逃避懲罰escapefrom..從……逃跑/脫n.逃跑；逃脫makeone’sescape 逃走haveanarrowescape死里逃生；勉強逃脫begv.請求；乞求begsb.todosth.乞求（某人）做某事begsb.forsth.向某人要某東西rewardn.報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞rewardsb.withsth.用……酬謝某人 rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因……而酬謝某人setupalaboratory建立一個實驗室setouttodosth.開始干……；著手于… setaboutdoingsth開始干（做）某事setoff引爆，使……爆炸，動身 besentencedto被判處……（徒刑）fight(fought,fought)vi&vt.打仗；打架；與……進行斗爭或