英語句子成分和英語句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習

英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習主（）句說的人或事物。Therisesintheeast.

（名詞）likesdancing.（詞）Twentyyearsisashorthistory.詞Seeingisbelieving.

（動名詞）Toseeistobelieve.

（不定式）Whatheneedsisa（語從句）isveryclearthattheelephantisroundandliketree.（形式主語，主語從句是真正主語）謂（predicate）說主語的動作、狀態(tài)和特征。WestudyEnglish.is表（:系動詞之后的成分，表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.（詞）Seventy-four!You’lookit.

（代詞）Fiveandfiveten.（數(shù)詞）Heisasleep.

（形容詞）Hisfatherin.（副詞）Thepictureisthewall介短語Myisgone/missing/lost.

（形容詞化的分詞）Toflowersay“’poor,I’ring.（定式）Thequestioniswhethertheycome.

（表語從句）（常見的系動詞:（起看起來,摸起來（起來,taste（嘗、吃起來）（保持，仍是）feel（覺）...soundsgoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.looksthin.Thesmellsdelicious.Thetastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.賓：）作的承受----動IChina.（名詞）Hehatesyou.（詞）Howmanyyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數(shù)詞）Weshouldhelptheandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（名詞）Ihopeseeyouagain.（定式）Didwritedownwhathesaid?（語從句）2）介后的名詞、代詞和動名-----介Areafraidthesnake?Undertheremanyrocks.3）雙語----間（指人）和直賓（指物）Hemebookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.賓：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.（詞）Weallthinkitapitythatshe’here.（）Wewillmakehappy.（形容詞）foundnobodyin.(副Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介短語）’lethimthat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（帶to不式）Dontthelightsburning.（現(xiàn)在分詞）llhavemybikerepaired.過去分詞）主：對主語的補充。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shefoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboylesson.定：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。

AiYanlingischemistry（詞）isour（代詞）Webelongthethirdworld.（詞）Hewasadvisedteachthelazyalesson.（形容詞）Themanoverthereold副)Thewithababyherarmssister.詞TheplayingfootballareClass2.（在分詞）Thetreesplantedlastyeararewell（去分詞）Ihaveanideatodoit（定式）YoushouldeverythingthatIdo.（語從句）狀語：用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。（以下例句按上述順序排列）Igotheretomorrow.Thewillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudiestolearnEnglishwell.He’thardsohefailedintheexam.Iofyouverymuch.studyhard,youpasstheexam.Hetoschoolbybike.Thoughheyoung,hecanitwell.句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡單句的五個基本句型主語＋不及動詞Shecame．headaches.主語＋及物詞＋語ShelikesEnglish.主語＋系動＋語補語Shehappy．主語＋雙賓詞＋接賓語＋接賓語SheJohnSheboughtabookforme.主語＋賓補詞＋賓＋賓語補語Shemakesher．Theteacheraskedtoreadthepassage.（There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.）Exercises分析下列句子成分Ourschoolisnothome.ItisapleasuretotalkwithyouAllofusconsideredhonest.MygrandfatherboughtmepairofsportsHebrokeaofglass.Hemadeitclearthatwouldleavethe．than，．Teesturnwhencomes.Theypushedthedooropen.10.toldinterestingstorylastnight.

11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstofriends.12.Allstudentsthinkhighlyhisteaching13.Weneedplacetwicelargerthanthisone.14.HeaskedussinganEnglishsong.15.Don'thelpyourselftowhatyou．16.Wewillmakeschoolmorebeautiful.17.Hedidn'tThatiswhyhedidn't．18.Sheushermanyofherpictures.19.Theoldmanlivesalonelylife.20.Luckily1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.21.ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthose．22.arepeopleinthehallit'sforfind．23.Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskmaywemustitmonth.24.Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.25.Wedothepeoplewantusdo.26.lasthegothome,tiredandhungry.27.pleasepassthe28handedhertheteacher.29.Doyouknowthelatestnewsabouthim?30.I’llgetmyhairtomorrow.翻譯練習主謂結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋不物詞）1你當努力學習。2她天回家很晚。3那早上我們談了很多。4會將持續(xù)兩個小時。5在去的十年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。6這事情全世界各地每天都在發(fā)生。8每八時開始上課。9這盒子重五公斤。10五前我住在北京。主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋物動詞賓語）1昨我寫了一封信。2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?這書他讀過多次了。4他成功地完成了計劃。5你必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。6那先生能流利地說三種語言。7我到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。8還不會自己穿衣服。9我大家都相信Jack是一個誠實男孩。10他知道說什麼好。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋動詞＋語）1我兄弟都是大學生。2冬白天短，夜晚長。

3布夫人看起來很健康。4十歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。5孩們，請保持安靜。6這書是有關(guān)美國歷史的書。7她工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。8他業(yè)了。9樹已經(jīng)變黃了。10這個報告聽起來很有意思。雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋雙賓動詞間接賓語＋直接賓語）1Johnson先去年教我們德語。奶昨晚給我們了一個有趣的故事。Mary錢包交給校長了。請把那本字典遞我好嗎？他車票給列車看。這學期我已經(jīng)父母寫過三封信了。我父親已經(jīng)給我了一輛新自行車。Robinson給自己做了一只小船。請給我弄一本的，好嗎？10.我你叫輛出租汽車好嗎？復合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)（語＋詞＋賓＋賓語補足語）1我叫她Alice.2他父母給他取名為John.3我大家都認為他是誠實的。4他把門推開了。5他把小偷釋放了。6我要使學校變得更美麗。7他我們參加做游戲。8我你把真相告訴我。9衛(wèi)命令我們立即離開。10明我要找人來修理機器。11每早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。12痛使得他叫喊起來。13我不會讓她在晚上外出的。14他個月理一次發(fā)。15我請人把我的錄音機修理一下。16那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了17她在聽人家講故事。18男子們都在看士兵們操練。19我來沒看見這個字這樣用過。20他到很難跟你交談。21我乘船去那里更舒服些。22我為有可能用另一種方法解題。23學定了一條規(guī)則，開始上課時學生要起立。

24我為與那個人談話是無益的。There句1今沒有會。2這村過去只有一口井。3這學校有一名音樂老師和一名美術(shù)老師4客人當中有兩名美國人和兩名法國人。5天預報說下午有大風。6燈亮著辦公室里肯定有人。7戰(zhàn)這兒一直有家電影院的。恰那時房里沒人。9從，在海邊的一個村子里住著一位老漁夫。10公汽車來了。11就剩下二十八美元了。12在這個山洞前面長著一棵高大的松樹13鈴了。14二月份有二十八天。翻譯練習主謂結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋不物詞）1Youshouldstudyhard.2verylateyesterdayevening.3Thattalkedagreat4Thewilllasttwohours.5Greatchangeshavetakenplaceintownthepasttenyears.6Thingsthatarehappeningallovereveryday.7TheMayFourthbrokeinBeijing1919.8Classesbeginateightday.9Thisfivekilos.10IlivedinBeijingyearsago.主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋及動＋賓）aletterlastnight.wanttotalkwiththisafternoon.3.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.4.Theycarriedplansuccessfully.5.Youmustfinishreadingtheseintwoweeks.6.Thatcanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.receivedaletterfrompenfriendAustralia.8.Jimdresshimself.9.AllusbelievethatJackisanhonest10.Hedidnotknowwhatsay.主系表結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋系詞＋主語補語）brothersallcollegestudents.2Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightslong.3MrsBrownlookshealthy.4Attheagefifteenhebecameafamouspianist.5Children,keepquietplease.6ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.

7Herjobistolookafterchildreninthenursery.8Heisofwork.9Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.10Thereportsoundsinteresting.雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)（主＋雙動＋間賓語＋接賓語JohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.2Grandmaaninterestingstorynight.3Maryhandedwallettheschoolmaster.4Wouldyoupleasepassthedictionary?5Hethetickettotheconductor.6ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstoparents.fatherboughtmebike.8RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.9Willyoupleasegetme10ShallIyouataxi?復合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)（語＋賓動詞＋賓語＋賓語補語）1WecallherAlice.2Hisparentsnamedhim3Allofusconsideredhonest.4Theypusheddooropen.5Theyhavesetthief6Wewillourschoolmorebeautiful.7Heusjoiningame8Iwantyoutomethe9Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.10TomorrowI’llhavesomeonerepair.11EverymorningwehimreadEnglishaloud.12Thepainhimout.won’tlethergooutatnight.14Hehishairmonth.15I’llrecordermended.16Theterriblesoundmadechildrenfrightened.17Shelisteningtosomeonetellingstories.18heboyswerewatchingthesoldiersdrilling.19Ineverthewordusedthatwaybefore.20Heitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.