南開728基礎(chǔ)英語2009年入學(xué)考試試題

大學(xué)728基礎(chǔ)英語2009年入學(xué)考試試大學(xué)2009年入學(xué)考試試PartoneFillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformifnecessary.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Thefragrantscentofthelilacissaidto thebeginningofspring.Hewaslostin DuringtheOlympicGames,thestreetsareall Thepeopleshehadinvitedwereapretty JackyChan’s constitutionanddignifiedappearancecanattractagirlatfirstInSpring,leavesarebeginningto fromtheArabbleisa talefocusedonasinglecharacterIntimesofeconomiccrisis,many rivalsseektocooperatewitheachothertocost.ThenearextinctionoftheleopardisthedirectresultofdestructionbyEnglishhas ethecommonlinguistic.WhetheryouareGermanexecutiveonbusinessinShanghaioraKoreanbiochemistataconferenceinSweden,youarespeakingEnglish.Manypeoplearoundtheworld theweakeningofcitizenshipinvariouscountriesandblamethisconditiononthecommercializationofourcultures.Museumsthat traumaand have acrosstheglobeinthepastdecade,andmorearenned.Theeconomiccrisis abitsuccessinpublicationofThesunisstillstrong,butitislessfierynow,alreadybeginningtodropfromits TheLiRiverinGuilinhasprovided forcountless unveileditsntodouble,by2020,the eofthepeopleinthecountryside.Heconvincehimselfthatamongtheanimalsmanistheonlyonethat andinjuries,waitsuntilachanceoffers,thentakesrevenge.AsaresultofWomen’sMovement,Women’sstudiesprogramshavebeen schoolsandcolleges.Mostpeoplewouldsaythatopinionsformedsuddenly.

judgmentsareunsoundbecausetheyAlotofchildturnouttobeobscureclerksinaccountingdepartment.ParttwoCloze(10分)Awell- edbodyofinformation_1thatnoisecan2affecthumansinbothphysiologicalandpsychologicalways.Hearinglossesinparticularoccupationssuchasboilermakingandconstructionworkarewellknown.Infact,however,weallfindhearingmoredifficult3weage.Youngearscandistinguishawiderangeofsoundsfromlowtoveryhighfrequencies,whileolderearslosetheabilitytodistinguishpitchedsounds.Acomparisonofsomeindustrialized4notindustrializedpeoplesuggeststhatthishearinglossmaynotbearequisite5ofoldFurthermore,acloserinspectionofotherdatarevealseconomiceffects.Forinstance,anincreasedturnoverinpropertyhasbeenobservedinnoisyareasnearairports.Jobperformancecanbeadverselyaffectedbyloudnoise,especially6accuracyandmentaleffortareinvolved.Theuseofoutdoorareasforconversationisnotpossibleforanestimated5-10millionpeoplewholiveorworkinurbanareas.Wheninterference

evisionorspeechorsleepisincluded,asmanyas22tomillionpeoplecanbesaidtohavelostpartoftheuseoftheirhomesandgroundsbecauseofnoise.Thusnoisepollutionisaseriousenvironmentalconcern.The8attitudetowardnoiseshouldbe9:vigorouseffortsshouldbemadetoalertpeopletograveeffectswhichmay10anexcessivelynoisyAexiststoBexistsCexistingDexistAoccasionallyBfrequentlyCadverselyDAasBbeforeCifDAversusBuponCtoDAcompanionB panimentDAasBifCwhatDAinBonCfromDAapatheticBoptimisticCpessimisticDAdevelopedBdisapprovedCdeclined AstemfromBbuildupCbringaboutDleadPartthreeReadingComprehension(50分Question1-7arebasedonthefollowingAfter1785,theproductionofchildren’sbooksintheUnitedStatesincreasedbutremainedlargelyreprintsofBritishbooks,oftenthosepublishedbyJohnNewbery,thefirstpublishertoproducebooksaimedprimarilyatdivertingachildaudience.Ultimay,however,itwasnotthecheerful,commercial-mindedNewbery,butAnglo-IrishauthorMariaEdgeworthwhohasthestrongestinfluenceonthisperiodofAmericanchildren’sliture.TheeighteenthcenturyhasseenagradualshiftawayfromthespiritualintensityofearlierAmericanreligiouswritingforchildren,towardamoregeneralizedmoralist.Newberynotwithstanding,Americansstilllookedonchildren’sbooksasvehicleforinstruction,notamusement,thoughtheywouldacceptamoderateamountoffictionalentertainmentforthesakeofmoresuccessfulinstruction.Asthechildren’sbookmarketexpanded,then,whatbothstoriesinterestingenoughtoattractchildrenandmorallyinstructiveenoughtoallayadultdistrustoffiction.AmericanreactionagainstimportedbooksforchildrensetinaftertheWar1812withtheBritish.Awaveofnationalismpermeatedeverything,andtheself-consciousnewnationfoundforeignwriting(particularlythosefromtheBritishmonarchy)unsuitableforthechildrenofademocraticrepublic,aslateofself-erning,equalcitizens.Publishersofchildren’sbooksbegantoencourageAericanwriterstowriteforAmericanchildren.Whentheyresponded,thepatternestablishedbyMariaEdgeworthwasathand,attractivetomostofthemforbothitsrationalismanditshighmoraltone.Earlyinthe1820s,storiesofwishfulchildrenlearningtoobey,ofcarelesschildrenlearningtotakecare,ofselfishchildrenlearningto“tireforothers,”startedtoflowfromAmericanpresses,successfullyachievingEdgeworth’stone,thoughrarelyherlivelystyle.Imitativeastheywere,theseearlyAmericanstorieswerequitedistinguishablefromtheirBritishcounterparts.Fewservantsappearedinthem,andifclassdistinctionshadbynomeansdisappeared,therewasmuchdemocraticinsistenceontheworthinessofeverylevelofbirthandwork.Thecharactersofchildreninthisfictionwereserious,conscientious,self-reflective,andindependent-testimonytothecontinuinginfluenceoftheearlierAmericanmoralistictraditioninchildren’sbooks.WhatdoesthepassagemainlyAThecareerofMariaEdgeworthasanauthorofchildren’sBThedevelopmentofchildren’s tureintheUnitedCSuccessfulpublishersofandNorthDBasicdifferencesbetweenBritishandAmerican tureforTheword“notwithstanding”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningAinspiteBinadditionCasaresultDasapartTheword“allay”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningABCDItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatAmericanchildren’sbookssoldbefore1785werealmostalwaysWrittenbyMariaBattractiveandinterestingtoCwrittenbyAmericanDintendedonlyforreligiousandmoralTheword“permeated”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningABCcompetedDspreadAccordingtothepassage,Americanchildren’sstoriesdifferedfromtheirBritishequivalentsinthatthecharactersinAmericanstorieswereAchildrenwhoshowedachangeofBchildrenwhowerewellCrarelyDgenerallynotfromavarietyofsocialTheword“testimonyto”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningABevidenceCrequirementDdevelopmentQuestion8-11arebasedonthefollowingOnemorefamiliaruseofelectrochemistrythathasmadeitswayintothemainstreamisxerography,aprocessforreplicatingsthatisdependentonphotoconductivematerials.Aphotoconductivematerialisaninsulatorinthedarkbutesaconductorwhenexposedtobrightlight.Whenaphotocopyisbeingmade,animageofaisprojectedontothesurfaceofarotatingdrum,andbrightlightcausesthephotoconductivematerialonthesurfaceofthedrumto Asaresultoftheconductivity,thedrumlosesitschargeinthelightedareas,andtoner(smallgrainstowhichdryinkadheres)attacksitselfonlytothedarkerpartsoftheimage.Thegrainsarethencarriedtoasheetofpaperandfusedwithheat.Whenalaserprintisused,theimageisprojectedbymeansofalaserbeam,whichcreatesabrighterlightandagreatercontrastbetweenlighteranddarkerareasandthereforeresultsinsharperprintedimages.TheauthorbeginsthefirstparagraphwithonemorefamiliaruseofelectrochemistryinordertoexinthatxerographyisoneofthelessfamiliarusesofmakeitclearthatelectrochemistryrequiresphotoconductiveshowthatxerographyistheonlyknownuseforindicatethatotherlessfamiliaruseshavealreadybeenWhydoestheauthorexinthatAphotoconductivematerialisaninsulatorinthedarkbut esaconductorwhenexposedtobrightlight?AItgivesanexnationofapropertythatisnecessaryforBItindicatesthatbrightlightisrequiredforinsulationtotakeCItgivesoneexampleofasuccessfulDItexinstheroleofinsulationinTheauthorcesthephrasesmallgrainstowhichdryinkadheresinparenthesesinordertoAprovideinformationthatcontradictsthepreviousBprovideanotherexampleofCprovidefurtherdetailinformationaboutDprovideanalternateexnationfortheeffectivenessoftoner11Whyisalaserprintermentioned?AItisanalternativetoBItisawayofduplicatingwithoutusingCItisasecondexampleofDItisalesseffectivetypeofxerographythanisaphotocopierQuestion12-19arebasedonthefollowingpassageArapidlyadvancingcontemporarysciencethatishighlydependentonnewtoolsisEarthsystemscience.EarthsystemscienceinvolvesobservationandmeasurementsontheEarthatallscalesfromthelargesttothesmallest.Thehugeamountsofdatathataregatheredcomefrommanydifferentlocationsandrequirespecialtechniquesforhandlingdata.ImportantnewtoolsthatfacilitateEarthsystemscienceincludedsaliteremotesensing,smalldeep-seasubmarines,andgeographicinformationremindusthateachpartoftheEarthinctswithandisdependentonallotherpartsEarthsystemsciencewasbornfromtherealizationofthatinterdependence.Saliteremotesensingmakespossibleobservationsatlargescales,andinmanycases,measurementsoffactorsthatcouldnototherwisebemeasured.Forexample,theozoneholeoverAntarcticathedecreaseintheconcentrationofozonehighinatmosphereismeasuredbyremotesensing,asarechangesindeserts,,andfarmlandsaroundtheworld.SuchmeasurementscanbeusedinmanyareasofspecializationbesidesEarthsystemscience.Archaeology,forexample,hasbenefitedfromsaliteobservationsthatrevealthetracesofancienttraderoutesacrosstheArabianDesert.NewtoolsforexploringpreviouslyinaccessibleareasoftheEarthhavealsoaddedgreatlytoourknowledgeoftheEarthsystem.Smalldeep-seasubmarinesallowscientiststotraveltothedepthsoftheocean.Theretheyhavediscoverednewspeciesandecosystemsthrivingneardeep-seaventsthatemitheat,sasses,andmineral-richwater.JustasimportantasnewmethodsofmeasurementandexplorationarenewwaystostoreandysedataabouttheEarthsystem.Computer-basedsoftwareprogramsknownasgeographicinformationsystems,orGIS,allowalargenumberofdatapointstobestoredalongwiththeirlocations.Thesecanbeusedtoproducemapsandtocomparedifferentsetsofinformationgatheredatdifferenttimes.Forexample,saliteremotesensingimagesofa canbeconvertedtorepresentstagesinthe’sgrowth.Twosuchimagesmadeatdifferenttimescanbeoverlaidandcompared,andthechangesthathavetakencecanberepresentedinanewWhatisthemainideaoftheBNewtoolsprovideinformationaboutEarththatwasonceimpossibletoCAdvancesinEarthsystemsciencehaveresolvedmanyenvironmentalDSaliteremotesensingcanshowchangesbetweentwoimagestakenyearsTheword“contemporary”inline1isclosestinmeaningAlittle-BCDTheword“facilitate”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningABCDTheauthorofthepassagementionsthatsaliteobservationsareespeciallyeffectiveinAconductingscientificstudiesoflifeontheoceanBpredictingfutureclimateCprovidingdatatodetermineEarth’sDdemonstrating ctionsamongallofEarth’sAccordingtothepassage,saliteobservationsoftheArbianDesertallowarchaeologiststodiscernAindicationsofancientBevidenceofformerCtracesofearlyDremainsofTheword“inaccessible”inline1ofthethirdparagraphisclosestinABCDTheword“thriving”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningABCDTheorganizationofthepassagecanbestbedescribedAanextendedstatementofthebasicprinciplesofaparticularscientificBanintroductorystatementfollowedbyadiscussionofparticularCacomparisonoftheeffectivenessofdifferenttypesofscientificDanargumentfortheclaimthatnewtechniquescanbeusefulinmanyspecializedfieldsQuestions20-25arebasedonthefollowingAnumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthealityofthespeaker.Thefirstisthebroadareaofcommunication,whichincludesimpartinginformationbyuseoflanguage,communicatingwithagrouporanindividual,andspecializedlinecommunicationthroughperformance.Aconveysthoughtsandideasthroughchoiceofwords,byatoneofvoicethatispleasantorunpleasant,gentleorharsh,bytherhythmthatisinherentwithinthelanguageitself,andbyspeechrhythmthatareflowingandregularorunevenandhesitant,andfinally,bythepitchandmelodyoftheutnce.Whenspeakingbeforeagroup,a confidenceofcalm.Atinter allevels,thetonemayreflectideasandfeelingsoverandabovethewordschosen,ormaybeliethem.Heretheconversant’stonecanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyreflectintuitivesympathyorantipathy,lackofconcernorinterest,fatigue,anxiety,enthusiasmorexcitement,allofwhichareusuallydiscerniblebytheacutelistener.Publicperformanceisamannerofcommunicationthatishighlyspecializedwithitsowntechniquesforobtainingeffectsbyvoiceand/orgesture.Themotivationderivedfromthetext,andinthecaseofsinging,themusic,incombinationwiththeperformer’sskills, ality,andabilitytocreateempathywilldeterminethesuccessofic,political,orpedagogiccommunication.Second,thevoicegivespsychologicalcluestoa ’sself-image,perceptionofothers,andemotionalhealth.Self-imagecanbeindicatedbyatoneofvoicethatisconfident,pretentious,shy,aggressive,outgoing,orexuberant,tonameonlyafewalitytraits.Alsothesoundmaygiveacluetothefa?adeormaskofthat forexample,ashyhidingbehindanoverconfidentfront.Howaspeakerperceivesthelistener’sreceptiveness,interest,orsympathyinanygivenconversationcandrasticallyalterthetoneofpresentation,byencouragingordiscouragingthespeaker.Emotionalhealthisevidencedinthevoicebyandmelodicsoundsofthehappy,byconstrictedandharshsoundoftheangry,andbydullandlethargicqualitiesofthedepressed.WhatdoesthepassagemainlyAThefunctionofthevoiceinBTheconnectionbetweenvoice CCommunicationDTheproductionofWhatdoestheauthormeanbystaringthat,“Atinterallevels,tonemayreflectideasandfeelingsoverandabovethewordschosen”?AFeelingsareexpressedwithdifferentwordsthanideasBThetoneofvoicecancarryinformationthemeaningofCAhightoneofvoicereflectsanemotionalDFeelingsaremoredifficulttoexpressthanWhydoestheauthormention“ic,political,orpedagogiccommunication”inthesecondparagraph?AAsexamplesofpublicBAsexamplesofbasicstylesofCTocontrastthemtoDTointroducetheideaofself-Accordingtothepassage,anexuberanttoneofvoice,maybeanindicationof Ageneralphysical CabilitytoDvocalAccordingtothepassage,whatdoesaconstrictedandharshvoiceABCDPartfourTranslation(50分Translatethefollowingpassageinto (20分)Inanequitablesociety,everyonewillhavethesameopportunitiestopursuealifeoftheirchoosing,whetherthisintermsofacquiringaneducation,obtainingcredit,findingajoborparticipatinginthepublicdebate,regardlessoftheircountryofbirth,thewealthandsocialstatusoftheirparents,ortheirgender,race,caste,ethnicityorsocialclass.Thedistributionof es,educationlevels,wealthandotherassetswilltypicallybeuneveninanequitablesociety,becausepeopledifferintheefforttheymake,howtheychoosetospendtheirtime,intheirdesiretobearrisks,orinthewaytheyprocessinformation.Buteveryoneshouldhavetheopportunitytomaketheindividual,itisgoodforthesocietyasawhole,becauseequityandgrowthare,inthelongrun,complementary.Equityisnotthesameasequality.Thisyear’sWorldDevelopmentReport,focusesonequity.AndI’mfollowingtheusageofequityinthatreportthatwasjustissuedwhereequityisdefinedasequalityofopportunities,whereopportunitiesarethefactorsthatmakeitpossibleforpeopletogenerateacertaineandachieveacertainlevelofwell-being.Notethatthisisnotthesameasequalityin e.Inequalityof esisnotonlyacceptable,butitmayevenbedesirablefortheincentivesitprovidesforpeopletodowell.Butinequalitiesinopportunitynotonlyharmtheindividualbutcanretardgrowth.Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofaman’slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished, eourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralong,”saidaphilosopher,“thatare paniedbynoblethoughts.”Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangleofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinethegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatusdecay,butbookssurvive.Timeisofnoaccountwithgreatthoughts,whichareasfreshtodayaswhentheyfirstpassedthroughtheirauthors’sminds,agesago.Whatwasthensaidandthoughtstillspeakstousasvividlyaseverfromtheprintedpage.Theonlyeffectoftimehasbeentosiftoutthebadproducts,fornothinginliturecanlongsurvivebutwhatisreallyTranslatethefollowingpassagesintoEnglish30分眾所周知，與歐洲的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系中，歐盟占有重要的地位。2008年中國與歐盟。貿(mào)易額國與歐洲貿(mào)易總額的77%，目前中國歐盟譯互為第三大貿(mào)易伙伴。歐盟產(chǎn)重要出口市場(chǎng)，在其對(duì)外貿(mào)易中的也在上升加入世貿(mào)組織后，隨著我投資環(huán)境2008121516158。30度斜角了。會(huì)員準(zhǔn)備捕捉大自然恩賜的美妙鏡頭，心情舒暢地笑著，漸漸地走進(jìn)這顆傾斜的龍PartfiveComposition20分Writeacompositionofnolessthan300wordsonthetopicgivenbelow:“ADream:tobeaCivilServant”2009年參考答大學(xué)2009年基礎(chǔ)英語答PartoneVocabulary20分ParttwoCloze(10分)1-5BCAAC 6-10BPartthreeReadingComprehension(50分)1-7BACBDCB8-1112-1920-25PartfourTranslation(50分Translatethefollowingpassage (20分在一個(gè)公平的社會(huì)里，不論一個(gè)人的國籍、父母的地位，也不論其、民族、等級(jí)、當(dāng)我們時(shí)，美好的思想就會(huì)像仁慈的天使一樣，精華并我們的。優(yōu)美的思想也蘊(yùn)育著行動(dòng)的胚芽，因?yàn)橹晾砻钥偰芗?lì)善行。書籍具有不朽的，是人類勤奮努力的最為恒久的結(jié)晶。寺廟會(huì)倒塌，神像會(huì)朽爛，海里的偉大思想今天依然鮮活如初。他們當(dāng)時(shí)的和思想于書頁，如今依舊那么生動(dòng)感TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoEnglish30分)ItiswidelyacknowledgedthattheEUoccupiesanimportantpositionintermsofSino-Europeaneconomicandtraderelations.In2008,thetradevolumebetweenandtheEUaccountedfor77%ofSino-Europeantotaltrade.Currently, andtheEUhavemutually ethethirdlargesttradingpartner.TheEUisatraditionalmarketfor ’sexports,thepercentageofwhichisincreasingin’sforeigntrade.Atthesametime, alsohas eanimportantmarketfortheEU’sexports,anditspercentageisalsoincreasinginEU’sforeigntrade.After’saccessiontotheWTO,withtheenhancementof’sinvestmentenvironment,theEUcompanies’confidenceininvestinginisgrowingcontinuously.ThecapitalfromthebigEuropeanmultinationalcorporationscontinuestoflowintoinlargeties.ByDecember2008,the15membersoftheEUhavealtogetherinvestedin16,158projectsin,withatotalcontractualforeigncapitalof$65billionandactuallyutilizedfundworth$37.8billion.Meanwhile,someof’sbigcompaniesalsohavestartedtoinvestintheEUtoestablishntsorsetupmarketingandresearchanddevelopmentcenters.TheEUhasalwaysbeenanimportantsourcefromwhichimportsadvancedandequipment.TheSino-EUinthefieldofadvanced,especiallythenewandhigh-techproducts,helpsexpandtheEUexportstoandalsohelpsenterprisesupgradetheirindustries,renovatetheir.Alltheseareintheinterestsofbothsidesandhaveconsiderablespaceforfurthergrowth.Snowflakesarelight,eachhavingsixtinysilverneedles.Likethousandsofneedlesandthreads,theyworktogethertoweaveawell-fittedcrystaloutfitforthecampusofNanKaiUniversity.However,nothingisperfect,noteveninafairyland.TheyoungdragoncypressatthenorthwalloftheHumanitiesBuildingwasbentoverata30degreeduetothenight’ssnowstorm.Severalyoungpe