高中英語語法復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞過去分詞

v1.0可編寫可改正高中英語語法非謂語動詞（三）過去分詞非謂語動詞（三）——過去分詞（三）過去分詞：1、過去分詞的基本用法：過去分詞只有一種形式，也沒有主動語態(tài)，它所表示的動作是一個被動的或是已達成的動作。過去分詞在句中也可用作定語、表語、賓語或狀語等成分。過去分詞在句中作某種成分時，其邏輯主語一般為該分詞所表示的動作的承受者，如：（1）作定語：過去分詞作定語時，假如這個分詞是一個單詞，就位于其修飾的名詞以前，假如是分詞短語，就位于其修飾的名詞以后。被過去分詞所修飾的名詞，就是該分詞的邏輯主語，如：Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.（2）作表語：過去分詞作表語時，表示其邏輯主語所處的狀態(tài)，其邏輯主語就是句中的主語，如：Theglassisbroken.這個玻璃杯是破的。注：過去分詞作表語時，和動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)造相像，但二者表達的意義不一樣，如：Theglasswasbrokenbymylittlebrother.這個玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。作表語用的過去分詞在很多字典中已列為形容詞，如：crowded,devoted,discouraged,done,dressed,drunk,experienced,frightened,gone,hurt,interested,killed,known,learned,lost,pleased,satisfied,shut,surprised,tired,undressed,worried,astonished,broken,completed,covered等。（3）作賓語補足語：過去分詞作賓語補足語時，句中的賓語就是其邏輯主語，如：WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundthegroundcoveredbyfallenleaves.注：動詞have后的復(fù)合賓語中，賓語補足語如為過去分詞，常表示該分詞所表1Thebellv1.0可編寫可改正示的動作是由他人來履行的而不是句中主語自己來履行的，如：Ihadmybikerepairedyesterday.昨天我（找他人）把我的自行車給修了。（4）作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句，該構(gòu)造的邏輯主語一般都是主句的主語，是過去分詞所表表示義的邏輯賓語。為了使作狀語的過去分詞意義更為明確，常在分詞前加when,if,while,though,as等連詞，如：Seenfromthehill/Whenseenfromthehill,ourtownlooksbeautiful.;Givenmoretime/Ifgivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.（we是該構(gòu)造的邏輯主語，是give的邏輯賓語。）獨立主格：上述-ing和過去分詞的用法中，-ing和過去分詞在句中均有邏輯主語，但有時它們也能有自己的獨立的主語，這類獨立的主語，一般為名詞或代詞，位于其前以前，和-ing或過去分詞組成獨立主格。獨立主格在句中一般只作狀語用，而-ing和過去分詞作用的形式，則要依據(jù)它們所表示的動作和句中謂語動詞所表示的時間關(guān)系而定。至于獨立主格中是使用-ing或是過去分詞，則要依據(jù)它們的主語和其所表示的動作的主動被動關(guān)系而定，如：ringing,weallstoppedtalking.注：Theworkhavingbeenfinished,shesatdowntohavearest.①獨立構(gòu)造中的being或havingbeen?？墒∪?，如：Themeeting(being)over,alllefttheroom.②作陪伴狀語的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)?？捎脀ith短語來取代，如：Shereadtheletter,tearsrollingdownhercheeks./Shereadtheletterwithtearsrollingdownhercheeks.2、-ing形式與過去分詞的差別：（1）語態(tài)不一樣：-ing形式表示主動觀點，及物動詞的過去分詞表示被動概念。aninspiringspeech激勵人心的演說；theinspiredaudience受激勵的聽眾。2v1.0可編寫可改正（2）時間關(guān)系不一樣：此刻分詞所表示的動作一般是正在進行中的動作，而過去分詞所表示的動作，常常是已經(jīng)達成的動作，如：Thechangingworld正在發(fā)生的世界；thechangedworld已經(jīng)起了變化的世界。練習(xí)、非謂語動詞（三）1.Thereisnoquestionof_____abletofinishithimself.A.TomwasB.Tom'sbeingC.Tom'sbeD.TomisThenewshoppingcenter_____nowwillbeputintousebytheendofthisyear.A.builtB.bebuiltC.beingbuiltD.tobebuilt3."Haveyouhadsupper""Notyet.Themeal_____."A.arebeingcookedB.isbeingcookedC.iscookedD.arecooked4."I'mglad______youhereinthehotel.""It'smygreatpleasuretohaveyou______us."A.meeting,toB.tohavemet,withC.havingmet,amongD.tomeet,of5.I'mafraidIcan'tmakemyself_____inEnglish.3v1.0可編寫可改正A.understandingB.understandC.tobeunderstoodD.understood6.Althoughinahurry,Wilson______.A.couldn'tstopwalkingB.couldn'thelpthestrangerC.stoppedtohelpthestrangerD.didn'tanswerthestranger7.Janetiseasy_____.A.forgettingalongwithB.bygettingalongwithC.togetalongwithD.gotalongwith8.Don'tforget______thelightwhenyouleave.A.turnoffB.toturnoffC.turningoffD.turnedoff9.Themotherisveryglad;herbabyisbeginning______.A.understandingwhatshemeansB.tounderstandthatshemeantC.tounderstandwhatshemeansD.noticingwhatshemeans,4v1.0可編寫可改正10.Ithinkthisstoryis_____.A.worthbeingreadB.worthreadingC.worthtoreadD.worthofreading11.Thisscientistisaman______praise.A.worthtoB.worthytobeC.worthyofD.worth12.Idon'twant______anymoretrouble,youseeA.therebeingB.ittobeC.itbeingD.theretobeWhenshereturnedhome,shefoundthewindowopenandsomething______.A.stealingB.missedC.stolenD.tosteal14.Strictly_____,itisn'tworththepriceyouareasking.A.tospeakB.speakingC.speakD.spoken15.Time______,they'llcomeheretowatchus______football.A.permitted,playingB.permitted,toplayC.permitting,playD.permitting,toplay5v1.0可編寫可改正16.Themanwasseen_____intothecourtyard.A,stealingB.stolenC.bestealingD.hadstolen17.Bobshouldlove_____tothepartytomorrowevening.A.takingB.tobetakenC.totakeD.beingtaken18.Tomhadnochoicebut_____theclassroomwithhisclassmates.A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleans19.Mr.BrownsaidthathiscarneededA.toberepairedB.beingrepairedC.berepairingD.torepair20.Theoldmandidn'tknowwhethertosellthecaror____.A.beingkeptforlateruseB.keptforlateruseC.tokeepitforlateruseD.tobekeptitforlateruse21.Thenoiseofthedesks_____couldbeheardinthenextclassroom.6v1.0可編寫可改正A.beingopenedandclosedB.openedandclosedC.havingbeenopenedandclosedD.tobeopenedandclosedIremember_____someone____theumbrellaaway.A.tosee,takeB.havingseen,totakeC.tosee,totakeD.havingseen,take23.Shewasnoticed______theshop.A.toenterB.enterC.havingenteredD.entered24.Icouldn'thelp_____whenIheardthejoke.A.beinglaughedB.laughingC.tobelaughingD.tolaugh,sheburstintotears.A.DeeplymovedB.Deeplymoving7v1.0可編寫可改正C.AsshedeeplymovedD.Asshewasdeeplymoving26.Theproblemrequires______.A.studyingwithgreatcareB.tostudycarefullyC.tobestudiedwithoutcarelessnessD.takinggreatcareofstudyingit27._____carelessly,theboymademistakeshereandthere..A.beingwrittenB.WroteC.WriteD.Writing28.Hewouldrather______hisparentswiththeirhouseworkthan_____outtoplaygames.A.tohelp,togoB.help,goC.help,togoD.tohelp,go29.Theboyhadhisleg_____while____football.A.broken,playingB.break,playC.broken,playedD.broke,wasplaying30.Havingfinishedthework,_____.A.itwasalmostsixo'clock8v1.0可編寫可改正B.apostmancameanddeliveredtheeveningpaperandsomelettersC.supperhadbeenalreadypreparedD.wehadarestandthenhadsupper31.Heisill.Hehaskept_____.A.coughingallalongB.tocoughatnightC.coughsinceyesterdayD.beingcougheddayandnight32.Itisnouse____without_____.A.totalk,doingB.taking,beingdoneC.talking,doingD.beingtalked,beingtodo33."Iusuallygotherebyboat.""Whynot_____bytrainforachange"A.trygoingB.totrygoingC.tryingtogoD.totryandgo9v1.0可編寫可改正,shefeltquiteshyattheparty.A.AssheastrangerB.BeingastrangerC.AccordingtoastrangerD.Shelikeastranger35.Everymorninghegetsupearlyandpractises______andthen_____toschool.A.toreadEnglish,goB.readingEnglish,goingC.readingEnglish,goesD.ofreadingEnglish,goes36.While_____footballontinplayground,Ifound'mykeys______.A.playing,lost,B.play,losingC.played,beinglostD.havingplayed,lost37.____thesamemistakesagainmadehisparentsveryangry.A.HishavingmadeB.HehasmadeC.HehadmakingD.Himmaking38.Dickmadeit______toallhisfriends.10v1.0可編寫可改正A.toknowB.knownC.knowD.knowing39.Annaspendsonehouraday_____spokenEnglish.A.practiseB.topractiseC.onpractisingD.inpractising40.Noonewassurprisedat_____theexamination.A.hepassingB.hispassC.himpassD.hispassingAl