紅寶書(shū)考研英語(yǔ)詞匯必考詞第一節(jié) 練習(xí)題及詳解

第頁(yè)碼頁(yè)碼頁(yè)/總NUMPAGES總頁(yè)數(shù)總頁(yè)數(shù)頁(yè)考研英語(yǔ)詞匯（必考詞+基礎(chǔ)詞+超綱詞）練習(xí)題及答案詳解第一節(jié)71頁(yè)——49頁(yè)）練習(xí)一：詞匯與搭配samelanguageandabide thesamefederallaws.eyes,blondehairisalsocharacteristic 3．Abridgecanbedefined asariver,aroadorrailways.4．Prejudicesometimeshamperedaperson doingtherightthing.5．Peoplewhowalkonthegrassareliable afineof$5.Youcantakethebookswithyouandreadthem Hewasrunning thepacehehadlearntfromthenatives.8．Toprotecthisnewinvention,hetookoutapatent it.9．Icouldscarcelykeeppace newdiscoveriesinbiology.WhenIwasabouttwelve,Isuddenlydevelopedagreatpassion poetry.Shewassounhappythatshewas suicide.12．Monicawasurgent meforfurtherparticulars.Tryourdeliciousthree‐coursemeal,offeringyousuperbvalue money.Susanputavalueofathousanddollars thenecklace.練習(xí)二：詞匯辨析Their requestisrefused.abruptabsurdacuteaptHesoonreceivedpromotion,forhissuperiorsrealizedthathewasamanofconsiderable .futurepossibilityabilityopportunityThe mitteeboardpanelleadershipWehave thesystemofexploitationofmanbyman.cancelledabolishedrefusedrejectedchildhas completeperfectabsolutethoroughThestoragevesselhasa capacitycapabilityabilityfaculty

of10,000liters.sometimeshave tovisitBirminghamonbusiness.opportunityoccasionchancepossibilityThatsounddoesn’t inhislanguagesoit’sdifficultforhimtopronounce.happenoccurrunGettingupisaneveryday .happeningoccurrenceincidenteventBecauseoffinancialdifficulties,theprojectwas .abandoneddeserteddiscardedexcludedAllthestreetswere furnisheddecoratedsuppliedornamentedTheEnglishlanguageistheresultofthefusionofmanydifferent .particlesingredientselementsprinciplesAlthoughthischildisonlysixteenyearsold,heisso thriftyeconomicalfinancialeconomicBesidehimsatarichlady withjewels.glitteringflickeringflashingglistening

thathehasonecaughta ofthecarbeforeitdisappearedaroundthebend.glanceglimpseglarestareTheTOEFLisdividedreading.sectionsfragmentsfractionsportions

intothree ,namely,listening,structureandSheworkedhardathertaskbeforeshefeltsurethattheresultswould herlongeffort.[B]testifyrectifyverifyThecrowdsuddenlyburstinto .laughlaughterslaughinglaughterhadtostandina forhourstogetticketsforthefilm.rowprocessiontailqueueMosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies homesalsocommitcrimes.consideringignoringhighlightingdiscardingshouldthinkitoverbeforeI commencestartbeginembark

onsuchahazardousproject.Thatproblemisbeyondthe scaleextentscoperange

ofthisarticle,soI’llnotdiscussithere.Theconcert bytheleadingtenor.finishedterminatedceasedstoppedHeistheonlypersonwhocan inthiscase,becausetheotherwitnesseswerekilledmysteriously.testifychargeaccuserectifyHethoughtIwaslying. whereverwherebywhereaswhereupon

Iwastellingthetruth.monthly .gapsintervalslengthdistanceTheneighborhoodboysliketoplaybasketballonthat vaguevacantvainvalid

lot.練習(xí)三：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用1．Estimatesanywherefrom600,000to3million.Althoughthefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessisincreasing,oneofthefederalgovernment’sstudiespredictsthatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.coverchangerangediffertheadmissionofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadultvisibleinthebackground.particularlybarelydefinitelyrarelyPAGEPAGE7 boatsusingittopasseachothereasily.Itmustbedeepenoughtoleaveabouttwofeetofwater thekeelofthelargestboatusingthecanal.WhentheplanetMarswasfirstobservedthroughatelescope,peoplesawthattherounddiskoftheplanetwascriss‐crossedbyafewofstrangeblue‐greenlines.downbelowbeneathoff4．ThekeytotheindustrializationofspaceistheU.S.spaceshuttle.Withit,tastronautswillacquireaworkhousevehicleofflyingintospaceandreturningmanytimes.Poweredbyreusablerocketsthatcanliftaloadof65,000pounds,theshuttlewillcarrydevicesforscientificinquiry,aswellasavarietyofmilitaryhardware.capablesuitableefficientfi5．Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame“personal”too,aswellasinstitutional.Withdisplaybecomingsharperandstorage increasing.abilitycapabilitycapacityfaculty6．Thoughtheidealcurefornoiseistostopitatitssource,thismayinmany beimpossible.Thenextremedyistoabsorbitonitswaytotheear.Domesticnoisesmaybycontrolledbyforethoughtandcourtesyandindustrialnoisesbygoodplanningandtechnicalimprovement.casesconditionspresentationscircumstances PAGEPAGE87．Intryingtoaccumulateknowledgeabouttheuniverseandtofindcommonfactorswhichunderlineandaccountforthefactsthatheknows,thescientistoftenchoosesthemethodofthe“controlledexperiment.”Ifhewantstofindouttheeffectoflight growingplants,hetakesmanyplants,asalikeaspossible.onofbyto8．ForexampleinthedesertareasofthesouthwesternUnitedStates,theIndianscookedtheirfoodbybeatingitonaflatstoneinthehotsun.Theycookedpiecesofmeatandthincakesofcornmealinthis .Wecansurmisethattheearliestkitchenutensilwasasticktowhichapieceofmeatcouldbeattachedandheldoverafire.zonesectormethodfashion9．Themethodworksbestcaseswheretotaldeafnessisduetomalfunctioningoftheear’ssensorycells.Theremustbesufficientfunctioningnervefibersavailabletotransmitthemessagetothebrain;,therearegenerallynomorethan10percentremaininginmostcases,sincetheytendtoatrophywithdisuse.fortunatelyspontaneouslybasicallyunfortunately10Anotheryoieesuyofgeoyisoisinguishbeeenpsicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;the startswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentactuponeachother.secondnextlaterlatter11．Butmoresignificantly,itwill materialsandmachinesintospaceforindustrialpurposesunimaginedtwodecadesagewhen“sputik”(artificialsatellite)wasaddedtothevocabulary.Inshort,theultimateimportanceoftheshuttleliesinitspromiseasaneconomictool.supplyintroducedelivertransfer12．Weliveinamaterialisticsocietyandaretrainedfromourearliestyearstobeacquisitive(貪婪的).Ourpossessions,“mine”and“yours”,areclearly earlychildhood.Whenwegrowolderenoughtoearnaliving,itdoesnotsurpriseustodiscoverthatsuccessismeasuredintermsofthemoneyweearn.signednotedimpressedlabeled13．Whatmakesthespaceshuttle isthatittakesofflikearocketbutlandslikeanairplane.Thus,whenithasaccomplisheditsmission,itcanbereadyforanothertripinabouttwoweeks.exceptionalstrangeuniquerare14．Althoughtherearedisagreementsoverthedefinitionofrevolution,thereisastandardviewthatrevolutionsaresuccessfulsocialmovementsonamuchgrander .Thatis,involvingmorepeopleandmuchmoresocialchange.AlthoughsocialmovementsliketheU.S.CivilRightsMovementmaybeworkingtoenactsomelaworproducesomereforminthesociety,revolutionsliketheChineseRevolutionareaimedatmajorsocialchange.levelscaledegreerange15．Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother, othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers. PAGEPAGE10whensinceforwhereas16．Americanschoosepasta,fruit,andvegetables,whichsupplythemwithcarbohydrates,togivethemstrengthforphysicalactivities.Forromanticdinners,howeverAmericanschooseshrimpandlobster.Americans’awarenessofnutrition,alongwiththeirchangingtastesandneeds,leadsthemtoconsumeawideoffoods.sortvarietykindvariation17．Wealth,inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:“goods”suchasfoodandclothing,and“services”suchastransportandentertainment.Acountry’scapacitytowealthisinfluencedbymanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.Wealthisdependenttoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources.controlassembleyieldbenefit練習(xí)四：語(yǔ)法與詞匯 withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnothighatall.A.Whencompared B.CompareC.Whilecomparing D.Comparingnewtechnique ,theyieldsasawholeincreasedby20percent.A.workingout B.havingworkedoutC.havingbeenworkedout D.tohavebeenworkedout PAGEPAGE12rminformsinformedhasinformedHavingnomoneybut toknow,hesimplysaidhewouldgowithoutdinner.nottowantanyonenotwantinganyonewantednoonetowantnooneLookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI youradvice.followThevacuumtube,inventednearthebeginningofourcentury,gaveustheuseofradiowaves,anenergysourceneverbefore,andlateropenedtheroadfortelevision.wascapturedcapturedcapturinghasbeencapturedBeforetheSpringFestival,theleadersofthevillagemadehouse‐to‐housesurvey, ineachfamilyabouttheirneedsandproblems.toinquiretobeinquiringinquiringinquired AdamSmith’s"TheWealthofNations"thatJimGreenwasfascinatedbyeconomictheory.AfterreadingItwasreadingItwasafterreadingHavingreadHumble itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome.althoughashowthatProf.Lee’sbookwillshowyou canbeusedinothercontexts.thatyouhaveobservedthathowyouhaveobservedhowthatyouhaveobservedhowwhatyouhaveobservedHowmanyofus ,say,ameetingthatisirrelevanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?attendedattendingtoattend練習(xí)一言，遵守同樣的聯(lián)邦法律。characteristicof是……的特點(diǎn)；是……特有的”。流、道路或鐵路等之上的建筑物。hampersb.from+n.(doing)妨礙某人做某事。句意：偏見(jiàn)有時(shí)妨礙一個(gè)人做正確的事。beliableto(=besubjectto)“易于……的，應(yīng)受（罰）的”。作表語(yǔ)）“閑著”；（作狀語(yǔ)）“從容地”。擁有專(zhuān)項(xiàng)權(quán)利。句意：為了保護(hù)他的發(fā)明，他申請(qǐng)了專(zhuān)利。keeppacewithgoforwardatthesamerateas)跟……齊步前進(jìn)”。passionfor(=strongfeelingorenthusiasm)對(duì)……的熱愛(ài)，熱情”。onthevergeof某事即將發(fā)生，接近于，瀕臨”。beurgentwithsb.forsth.急切向某人要某物。valueformoney表示“貨真價(jià)實(shí)”，為固定搭配。putavalue…on對(duì)……的估價(jià)”，為固定搭配。value是指所估計(jì)東西的1000美元。練習(xí)二句意：他們的荒謬要求被拒絕了！根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選擇一個(gè)sensible（明智”，[C]acute“尖銳的，敏感的；劇烈的；嚴(yán)重的”，[D]apt“恰當(dāng)?shù)?，適當(dāng)?shù)?，聰明的”。句意：他很快就得到了提升，因?yàn)樗纳纤緜円庾R(shí)到他是一個(gè)很有才能的人可以說(shuō)：Hehasfuturepossibilities.他大有前途。opportunity（機(jī)會(huì)）也不panel通常是負(fù)有專(zhuān)門(mén)使命的小組，用于本句最準(zhǔn)確。[A]committee是指一批人中推選出的管理委員會(huì)；[B]board多指有控制權(quán)的人組成的委員會(huì)，如：theboardofdirectors;[D]leadership是抽象的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集團(tuán)。[Babolish[A]cancel都有“取消”的意思：abolish強(qiáng)調(diào)廢除，如制度、做法、風(fēng)俗等；cancel多指取消已refuse意思一樣，但語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)。指事物完全，不摻雜別的成分，絕對(duì)真實(shí)，只做定語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)義很強(qiáng)；complete著重強(qiáng)調(diào)事物各部分都齊備無(wú)缺；[Bperfect指人或事完美無(wú)指各個(gè)方面都很完美或完善，盡善盡美。capacity指生產(chǎn)能力或容納能力。[B]capability用于人指智力方面的潛在能力，用于物指可能性或適應(yīng)性；[C]ability指人可通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)獲得做好事的能力；[D]faculty指人在某方面的特殊能力。良機(jī)，機(jī)會(huì)”，指某一特定時(shí)機(jī)，有利于做某事以實(shí)現(xiàn)某種抱負(fù)與愿望等；[C]網(wǎng)址：網(wǎng)址：PAGEPAGE15iy“，可能的事。除發(fā)生,常指事先安排、計(jì)劃的事情；[Coccur指發(fā)生時(shí)，有計(jì)劃無(wú)計(jì)劃都行。happening往往指偶然或未能預(yù)見(jiàn)而發(fā)生的事件、事情；[C]incident常指附隨于重要事件的小事件或不太重要的事；[D]event尤其指重大事件、事情。abandon指因外界壓力和影響而放棄自己負(fù)有責(zé)任或感興趣的東西。放棄樣具體的東西，如廢紙等；[B]desert表示拋棄自己的天職或應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)，排除”。decorate“裝飾、布置（目的在于美化或慶祝）”。句意：所有的街道都是懸的意思，但常指增添某物以增加原物之美。表示“成分”，通常指一個(gè)整體中基本的、不可缺少的或內(nèi)在固有的成分。它所強(qiáng)調(diào)的常常是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的整體中簡(jiǎn)單的或者基本的成分。[B]ingredient雖也表示“成分”，但主要指混合在某個(gè)整體中，沒(méi)有發(fā)生變化的物質(zhì)，也指在一個(gè)有機(jī)整體中那些熔融和改變了形態(tài)的部分。thrifty“節(jié)儉的，節(jié)約的”，只強(qiáng)調(diào)人在其花費(fèi)上節(jié)儉。[B]economical則強(qiáng)thrifty更廣。[Dglisten“閃光”，尤指淚珠、汗珠、露珠等發(fā)出的閃光；[B]flicker“（光）閃爍，忽隱忽現(xiàn)，搖曳（引申義希望[C]fas（尤指強(qiáng)光閃光燈的閃光，也可指星光或遠(yuǎn)處燈塔的閃光。15．]e與]eksee（t；an”；glimpse指無(wú)意識(shí)“瞥見(jiàn)”。[D]stare與[Cglare的區(qū)別： PAGEPAGE16section指通過(guò)或似乎通過(guò)切割或分離而形成的部分，如指書(shū)、文章或城市等的某一部分。句意：托福試題分為三部分，即聽(tīng)力、結(jié)構(gòu)及閱讀。[B]一小片，特別是殘屑碎片中的一小片；[C]fraction“小部分，碎片”，亦指經(jīng)過(guò)破碎而與整體分離的部分，常表示可略去不計(jì)的微不足道的部分；[D]portion“一部分，一份”，指在某物中所占的份額，比例。herlongeffort意為證明她的長(zhǎng)期努力是對(duì)的。[B]testify“作證”；[C]rectify“糾正，校正”；[Dverify“證明，證實(shí)”。doing:burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing。[A]procession“隊(duì)伍，行列”。[B]。連用。句意；在從事這項(xiàng)危險(xiǎn)工程之前，我得考慮考慮。[C]begin,[B]start和[A]commence都與“開(kāi)始”之意。begin為一般用語(yǔ)，commence正式用語(yǔ)，指某一正式行動(dòng)之開(kāi)始。start則著重于做某件事的第一步，三詞都可跟不定式和動(dòng)名詞。scopescale指規(guī)模之大??；[B]extent指能延伸到的范圍、程度；[D]range指在某個(gè)限度之內(nèi)的范圍。[D]“Stopthebus.Iwanttogetoff.句意：他是這個(gè)案子中唯一可以作證的人，因?yàn)槠渌哪繐糇C人都被神秘accuse意為“控告，指探”。[Drectify意為“糾正，改正”?！?[D]whereupon因此；于是；隨whereuponIlefttheroom.atbetweentherichandthepoorcountries窮國(guó)與富國(guó)之間的差距；[C]length“長(zhǎng)度”，atlength詳盡地”，如：Hetoldusatlengthabouthisworkandlife.他詳盡地向我們談了他的工作和生活情況。[D]distance意為“距離”,ata”，如：Thepicturelooksbetteratadistance.離開(kāi)一點(diǎn)，這幅畫(huà)更好看。句意：附近的男孩子們喜歡在那塊空地上打籃球。[Avague意為“模糊不清的，不明確的”，[C]vain指“徒然的；虛榮的”，[D]valid指“正當(dāng)?shù)模衯acantlot就是“空地”。練習(xí)三本句意思為估計(jì)數(shù)字的范圍大約從60萬(wàn)到0e這一句型正是表示“在…范圍之內(nèi)變化”[C][A]cover雖然range。意為意為not;hadyefiniey意為[D]aeytofe”（很少，難得，是頻度副詞，只能修飾動(dòng)詞或具有一詞。[A]down表示方向；[B]below用于抽象概念；[Doff則表示距離，不明指高低。capableofdoing是固定搭配，意為“能夠做……，有能力做……”。apaciy意為容量soecapaciy[A]abiiy能]”]意為“才能，天賦，技能”，指特殊的才能。inincases在許多情況下[B]）]under搭配。[Cpresentation（展示，描述，介紹）在此講不通。應(yīng)選[A]，其余選項(xiàng)均不正確。inthis