2019年英語(yǔ)新譯林必修四（江蘇專(zhuān)用）講義Unit1SectionⅡWeletotheunitReading-Languagepoints

Section_ⅡWelcome_to_the_unit_&_Reading_—_Language_points一、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)·寫(xiě)得對(duì)記得快·記得多Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)詞匯1.cheatvt.&vi.欺騙；作弊n.騙子；欺詐行為2.innocentadj.清白的；無(wú)罪的；無(wú)惡意的；純真的3.welfaren.(個(gè)人或群體的)幸福、安全和健康；福利4.campaignn.運(yùn)動(dòng)5.curevt.治愈6.aimvt.&vi以……n.目的；目標(biāo)7.mentaladj.心理的；思想的，精神的；智力的8.motton.座右銘；格言，箴言9.consultvt.咨詢(xún)；請(qǐng)教10.groceryn.雜貨店11.nationwideadj.&adv全國(guó)范圍的(地)，全國(guó)性的(地)12.comprehensionn.理解力；領(lǐng)悟能力；理解練習(xí)Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.advertisevt.&vi.做廣告，宣傳→advertisementn．廣告；廣告宣傳→advertisingn．2.persuadevt.說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)；使信服→persuasiveadj.有說(shuō)服力的3.breathn．氣息；呼吸→breathev．呼吸4.pleasedadj.高興，滿意；樂(lè)于(做某事)→pleasantadj.令人愉快的→pleasingadj.令人愉快的5.foolvt.欺騙，愚弄n．傻瓜→foolishadj.愚蠢的6.benefitvt.&vi.使受益；得益于n．益處；救濟(jì)金；獎(jiǎng)金→beneficialelligencen．智力，才智；情報(bào)→intelligentadj.有智慧的1.經(jīng)典英文廣告語(yǔ)①Justdoit.只管去做。(耐克運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋)②Askformore.渴望無(wú)限。(百事流行鞋)③Thetasteisgreat.味道好極了。(雀巢咖啡)④Obeyyourthirst.服從你的渴望。(雪碧)⑤Startahead.成功之路，從頭開(kāi)始。(飄柔洗發(fā)水)2.innocentadj.清白的；無(wú)罪的；無(wú)惡意的；純真的[記法]in-(不)＋nocent(傷害的)→沒(méi)有傷害的→無(wú)罪的[同義]①simpleadj.單純的②guiltlessadj.無(wú)罪的；無(wú)辜的[反義]guiltyadj.有罪的3.welfaren．(個(gè)人或群體的)幸福、安全和健康；福利[詞塊]①socialwelfare社會(huì)福利②liveonwelfare靠救濟(jì)謀生③publicwelfare公共福利④childwelfare兒童福利4.intelligencen．智力，才智；情報(bào)[記法]intel-(在中間)＋lig(選)＋-ence(名詞后綴)→挑選需要智慧→智力[詞塊]①increaseintelligence增加智力②havegoodintelligence頭腦聰明③showintelligence顯示才能④nativeintelligence天生的智力[近義]①wisdomn.智慧②witn.智慧，才智二、這樣記短語(yǔ)記牢固定短語(yǔ)多積常用詞塊1.beusedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于(做)某事，適應(yīng)……2.dosomeresearchon對(duì)……進(jìn)行研究3.forfree免費(fèi)4.bemeantto旨在，目的是5.beawareof知道，意識(shí)到6.evenif/though雖然，即使7.beproudof對(duì)……感到自豪8.bepleasedwith對(duì)……滿意9.fallfor上……的當(dāng)，受……的騙10.playtrickson欺騙，捉弄11.dealwith涉及，關(guān)于，處理，應(yīng)付12.bytheway順便問(wèn)一下；順便說(shuō)說(shuō)1.thinkaboutsocialproblems思考社會(huì)問(wèn)題2.tellthecompletetruth百分之百講真話3.affectpublicwelfare影響公共福利4.cheatpeople欺騙人們5.attractivepictures引人注目的照片6.knowledgechangeslife知識(shí)改變命運(yùn)7.widespreadsocialconcerns普遍存在的社會(huì)問(wèn)題8.publicserviceprojects公共服務(wù)項(xiàng)目9.ProjectHope希望工程10.slowlykillyourself慢性自殺11.useourintelligence用我們的智慧12.needabilityortraining需要能力或訓(xùn)練三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Wearesousedtothemthatweoftendonotevenrealizehowmanyweseeandhearinaday.我們對(duì)廣告太習(xí)以為常了，甚至常常意識(shí)不到一天當(dāng)中看到和聽(tīng)到多少?gòu)V告。so...that...“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。Thechildrenarehavingso_much_fun_thatIhatetocalltheminside.孩子們玩得那么高興，我都不想叫他們進(jìn)來(lái)了。2.Notalladsplaytricksonusthough.但并非所有的廣告都跟我們玩花招。notall表示部分否定。Not_allpeoplearefriendly.并非所有的人都很友好。3.Whenitcomestoadvertisements,wemustalluseourintelligenceandnotbeaslavetothem！談及廣告，我們都必須運(yùn)用自己的智慧，不要做廣告的奴隸！whenitcomesto...“提到/談及……”，to為介詞。Thereisnodoubtthattherearekindsofchoicesonthemarketwhen_it_comes_todietpills.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，一提到減肥藥，市面上就有各種各樣的選擇足以讓你眼花繚亂。1．(教材P2)Anadvertisementuseswordsandpicturestopersuadepeopletobuyaproductorservice,ortobelieveinanidea.廣告使用文字和圖片來(lái)說(shuō)服人們購(gòu)買(mǎi)某種產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)，或者是相信某種理念。persuadevt.說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)；使相信，使信服persuadesb.todo/intodoingsth.說(shuō)服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodo/outof(doing)sth.說(shuō)服某人不要做某事persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事①I(mǎi)persuadedhimofherhonesty.我說(shuō)服他，讓他相信她的誠(chéng)實(shí)。②Theadvertisementpersuaded_her_into_believingthatthiskindofshampoocouldmakeherhairrecoveritsshine.那則廣告使她相信這款洗發(fā)香波能使她的頭發(fā)恢復(fù)光澤。③Ipersuadedhimout_oftakingoverthefactorythatwouldclosedown.我說(shuō)服他不要接管那家面臨倒閉的工廠。④Iwanttopersuadehimto_helpmewiththegreatworkIamdoing.我想說(shuō)服他幫助我做我正在做的這項(xiàng)艱巨的工作。[名師點(diǎn)津]persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)服，advise表示勸說(shuō)的動(dòng)作，不表示結(jié)果。如果表示“說(shuō)而不服”或“勸而不服”，則不能直接用persuade，因?yàn)閜ersuade表明已經(jīng)說(shuō)服，這時(shí)可用trytopersuadesb.todosth.或advisesb.todosth.2．(教材P2)Acommercialadvertisementisonewhichsomeonehaspaidfortoadvertiseaproductorservice.商業(yè)廣告是一種某人為了推銷(xiāo)某種產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)而花錢(qián)做的廣告。advertisevi.&vt.做廣告，宣傳(1)advertiseforsb./sth.登廣告征求某人/某物advertisein在……上登廣告(2)advertisern.廣告商；登廣告者advertisementn.[C]廣告[U]廣告宣傳putanadvertisementin/on在……上登廣告①Weshouldadvertiseforsomeonetolookafterourchildren.我們應(yīng)該登個(gè)廣告聘人來(lái)照看我們的孩子。②Put_an_advertisementinthelocalpapertosellyourcar.在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上登一則廣告來(lái)出售你的汽車(chē)。③Playersshouldbeallowedtoearnmoneyfromadvertising.應(yīng)該允許運(yùn)動(dòng)員拍廣告掙錢(qián)。3．(教材P2)PSAsareoftenrunforfree,andaremeanttoeducatepeopleabouthealth,safety,oranyotherproblemthataffectspublicwelfare.公益廣告往往是免費(fèi)投放的，旨在就健康、安全或其他影響公共福利的問(wèn)題教育公眾。bemeantto旨在，目的是meandoingsth.意味著做某事meantodosth.打算做某事meansb.todosth.打算讓某人做某事bemeantfor專(zhuān)為……而打算(或設(shè)計(jì))①Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportantmoments.節(jié)假日是用來(lái)慶祝重要時(shí)刻的日子。②Theprogrammeis_meant_to_educatepeopleabouttrafficsafety.這個(gè)節(jié)目旨在對(duì)人們進(jìn)行交通安全的教育。③I'vebeenmeaningtophoneyouallweek.整整一星期以來(lái)我一直打算給你打電話。④Thisneworderwillmean_workingovertime.這個(gè)新訂單意味著我們得加班加點(diǎn)。⑤Imeanyouto_spendthismoneyforyourdaughter.我是想讓你用這筆錢(qián)為你女兒買(mǎi)些東西的。4．(教材P2)Thisstatementtriestofoolyouintoassumingthatthetoothpastecuresbadbreath,yetitdoesnotsaythat!這種表述會(huì)盡力去欺騙你相信這種牙膏能夠治愈口臭，然而這則廣告卻沒(méi)那樣說(shuō)！foolvt.欺騙；愚弄n．傻瓜(1)odoingsth.哄騙某人做某事foolsb.outofsth.哄騙某人某物(2)makeafoolofsb.愚弄/欺騙某人makeafoolofoneself使自己出丑/出洋相act/playthefool裝瘋賣(mài)傻，干蠢事①He'sfooledalotofpeopleintobelievinghe'sarichman.他欺騙許多人相信他是個(gè)富人。②Shefooledtheoldmanout_ofallhismoney.她詐騙了老人的全部錢(qián)財(cái)。③Can'tyouseeshe'smaking_a_fool_ofyou?難道你不明白她是在愚弄你嗎？[辨析比較]fool,cheatfool“愚弄；欺騙”，指利用人缺乏常識(shí)或心理脆弱來(lái)欺騙人cheat“欺騙；作弊”，主要指在盈利的買(mǎi)賣(mài)中或游戲競(jìng)賽中欺騙人，騙取人的錢(qián)等選擇上述單詞填空④Thatshopkeepercheatedtheoldmanandfooledhimintobuyingfalseproducts.curevt.治愈；解決；糾正n．[C]藥物，療法；對(duì)策(1)cureapatient(adisease)治愈病人(疾病)curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的疾病；糾正某人的不良習(xí)慣(2)acurefor...……的療法；……的對(duì)策①Thismedicinewillcureyouofyourheadache.這種藥可治好你的頭痛。②Parentstrytocure_their_children_ofbadhabits.父母?jìng)兿朕k法糾正自己孩子的壞習(xí)慣。③There'sstillnocure_forcancernow.現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有能治愈癌癥的方法。[辨析比較]cure,treatcure“治愈”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，搭配為：curesb.ofsth.treat“治療”，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，搭配為：treatsb.forsth.選擇上述單詞填空④Billwastreatedforsunstrokeandthismedicinecuredhim.[名師點(diǎn)津]我們學(xué)過(guò)的類(lèi)似于curesb.ofsth.的短語(yǔ)有：①warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事②informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事③remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事5．(教材P3)Thegroceryjusthopesthatwhenyoureadthead,youwillfeelpleasedwiththenicecomment,rememberthewords‘freshestfood’，andmakeamentalconnectionwiththefoodinthegrocery.這家食品雜貨店只是希望當(dāng)你讀到這則廣告時(shí)，你會(huì)很樂(lè)于看到其中的恭維，記住“最新鮮的食品”這幾個(gè)詞，在心理上將其與該店里的食品聯(lián)系起來(lái)。pleasedadj.高興，滿意；樂(lè)于(做某事)bepleasedtodosth.樂(lè)于做某事bepleasedwith/at/about...對(duì)……滿意bepleasedthat...很高興/滿意……①I(mǎi)waspleasedwithmyperformanceonSaturday—everythingwentright.我對(duì)自己星期六的表現(xiàn)挺滿意——一切順利。②Wewereverypleasedto_hearthisencouragingnews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)鼓舞人心的消息，我們非常高興。③Wewere_pleased_thattheproblemshavebeensolved.我們很高興這些問(wèn)題已解決。commentn．[C，U]評(píng)論，評(píng)價(jià)vt.&vi.評(píng)論，議論(1)makeacomment/commentson/about...對(duì)……評(píng)論/評(píng)頭論足nocomment無(wú)可奉告(2)commenton...對(duì)……評(píng)論/評(píng)頭論足commentthat...評(píng)論……①Haveyougotanycomment(s)tomakeontherecentdevelopments?你對(duì)最近的事態(tài)發(fā)展有什么評(píng)論嗎？②Theteacherrefusedtocomment_ontheexamresult.老師不肯評(píng)論考試成績(jī)。③Researcherswhoreadthereportcommented_thatithadmanymistakes.讀了這份報(bào)告的研究人員評(píng)論說(shuō)里面錯(cuò)誤百出。6．(教材P3)Wemustnotfallforthiskindoftrick!我們絕不能輕信這種小把戲而上當(dāng)?。rickn．[C]騙局；玩笑，惡作?。粦蚍?，把戲；訣竅vt.欺騙，欺詐寫(xiě)出下列句中trick的含義①Thenaughtyboylovesplayingtricksonothers.惡作?、贖ertearswerejustatricktocheatothers.騙局③Nobodyunderstoodhowhedidthecardtricks.戲法④Theytrickedhimintobuyingtheoldmachine.欺騙(1)playatrick/trickson/uponsb.欺騙某人；捉弄某人(2)o(doing)sth.誘使某人(做)某事tricksb.outofsth.騙走/詐騙某人某物⑤Herpartnertriedtotrickheroutofhershare.她的合伙人企圖騙走她的股份。⑥Thekidsarealwaysplaying_tricks_on/upontheirteachers.孩子們老是對(duì)他們的老師搞惡作劇。⑦Thereisnodoubtthatsomeadvertisementstrick_the_customers_into_buyingtheirproducts.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，有些廣告哄騙顧客去買(mǎi)它們的產(chǎn)品。7．(教材P3)PSAsaimtoteachusandhelpusleadbetterlives.公益廣告旨在教育我們并幫助我們過(guò)上更好的生活。aimvt.&vi.以……為目標(biāo)，瞄準(zhǔn)n.[C]目標(biāo)，目的；[U]瞄準(zhǔn)形象記憶(1)aimat向……瞄準(zhǔn)；旨在，針對(duì)aimatdoingsth.意欲、企圖、力求做某事aimtodosth.打算做某事；計(jì)劃做某事beaimedat(doing)sth.旨在(做)某事，打算(做)某事(2)takeaimat向……瞄準(zhǔn)withoutaim漫無(wú)目的地withtheaimof以……為目標(biāo)；意在……①She'saimingat(tryingtowin)ascholarship.她在爭(zhēng)取獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。②Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimsto_teachhowtoreadfast.20個(gè)學(xué)生想上這個(gè)班，這個(gè)班的目標(biāo)是教(學(xué)生)如何快速閱讀。③Takecarefulaim_at_the_targetbeforefiring.開(kāi)火之前仔細(xì)瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)。④Wevisitschoolswith_the_aim_ofgettingyoungpeopleinterestedinthetheatre.我們?cè)L問(wèn)學(xué)校，目的是使年輕人對(duì)戲劇感興趣。8．(教材P3)Theseadsdealwithwidespreadsocialconcerns.這些廣告所涉及的是一些普遍的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。dealwith涉及，關(guān)于；處理，應(yīng)付；與……打交道；和……做生意寫(xiě)出下列句中dealwith的含義①Someofthewordsandexpressionsdealwiththespecialareasoftheirwork.涉及②SomemeasureshavebeentakentodealwiththeproblemofrefugeesfromSyria.處理③Sheisusedtodealingwithallkindsofpeopleinherjob.與……打交道④Suchpeoplearedifficulttodealwith.應(yīng)付⑤Mosttravelagentsdonotdealdirectlywiththesecompanies.和……做生意[辨析比較]dealwith,dowithdealwith該短語(yǔ)中的deal為不及物動(dòng)詞，加上介詞with后才能接賓語(yǔ)，dealwith在疑問(wèn)句中常與how連用dowith該短語(yǔ)中的do為及物動(dòng)詞，dowith在疑問(wèn)句中常與what連用，表示“處理，處置；對(duì)待”選擇上述短語(yǔ)填空⑥Canyoutellmehowtodeal_withsuchproblems?⑦Ifyoudon'tknowwhattodo_withit,IsuggestyouturntoMrLiforadvice.9．(教材P3)Alloftheseadsaremeanttobenefitthepublic,andyoucanoftenlearnalotbyfollowingtheadvicetheygive.所有這些廣告都旨在使公眾受益，遵循這些廣告給出的建議，你往往可以學(xué)到很多東西。benefitvt.&vi.使受益；得益于n.益處；救濟(jì)金；獎(jiǎng)金(1)benefitby/from...得益于……(2)beofbenefitto對(duì)……有益forsb.'sbenefit＝forthebenefitofsb.為了某人的利益；為幫助某人(3)beneficialadj.有益的；受益的bebeneficialto對(duì)……有益，對(duì)……有好處①I(mǎi)feelthatIhavebenefitedgreatlyfromherwisdom.我覺(jué)得從她的睿智中我獲益頗多。②Thisdictionarywillbe_of_great_benefittome.這部字典將對(duì)我有很大益處。③Theparkwasbuilttherefor_the_benefit_ofthepublic.那兒建造公園是為了公眾的利益。④Inmyopinion,thisprojectisbeneficialtoeveryone.依我看，這項(xiàng)工程對(duì)每個(gè)人都有好處。10．(教材P3)Finally,Iwishtotellyouthis:thinkaboutwhyyoushoulddothethingstheadsuggests,orbuytheproductorservicetheadpromotes.最后，我想告訴大家：想想你為什么要做廣告建議你做的事情，或者為什么要買(mǎi)廣告推銷(xiāo)的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。promotevt.推廣，宣傳；促銷(xiāo)；促進(jìn)，推動(dòng)；晉升，提升寫(xiě)出下列句中promote的含義①Doyouhaveanyideashowtopromotethesalesofthisproduct？促銷(xiāo)②Ourteacherhasbeenpromotedtoheadmaster.晉升，提升③Acleanenvironmentcanhelpthecitybid(投標(biāo))fortheOlympics,whichinturnwillpromoteitseconomicdevelopment.促進(jìn)④Thewriterwasintowntopromotehisnewbook.宣傳，推廣(1)be/getpromoted(to)被提升(為……)promotesb.from...to...把某人從……提升為……(2)promotionn.促進(jìn)；晉升；促銷(xiāo)promotern.策劃者，推銷(xiāo)者，支持者⑤Theorganizationworkstopromotethetradebetweennations.該組織旨在促進(jìn)各國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易。⑥Becauseofhisgoodwork,Johnwas_promotedtoahigherposition.約翰因工作出色而被提拔到更高職位。⑦Her_promotion_toSalesManagertookeveryonebysurprise.她被提拔當(dāng)銷(xiāo)售經(jīng)理讓每個(gè)人都感到意外。11．(教材P5)BeforeIconsultedyou,Ihadnocomprehensionthatacompanymighttrytofoolpeopleintobuyingaproductorservice.在我請(qǐng)教你之前，我不理解為什么公司試圖愚弄人們，讓他們購(gòu)買(mǎi)一種產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。consultvt.咨詢(xún)；請(qǐng)教；商量；查閱形象記憶consultsb.aboutsth.向某人咨詢(xún)某事consultwithsb.aboutsth.與某人商量/磋商某事①Goandconsultyourteacherabouthowtodealwiththisproblem.去請(qǐng)教你的老師如何解答這道題。②We'llconsult_withrepresentativesofdifferentjobsaboutit.我們會(huì)和不同職業(yè)的代表商量。③Ifyouhaveanydoubtsaboutyourhealth,you'dbetterconsult_your_doctoratonce.(2015·天津高考改編)你如果對(duì)自己的健康有任何疑問(wèn)，最好馬上咨詢(xún)你的醫(yī)生。[名師點(diǎn)津]consult有“查閱”的意思，相當(dāng)于referto，其賓語(yǔ)一般為詞典、參考書(shū)、時(shí)刻表等。eq\a\vs4\al([詞匯對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)])Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Ifshedoesn'twanttogo,nothingyoucansaywill________her.A．persuade B．promiseC．invite D．support解析：選A句意：如果她不想去，你說(shuō)什么都不會(huì)說(shuō)服她的。persuade“說(shuō)服”；promise“許諾，承諾”；invite“邀請(qǐng)”；support“支持，支撐，養(yǎng)家”。2．________intheexaminationsmeans________theteachersandyourselves.A．Cheating;tofool B．Fooling;cheatingC．Tocheat;tofool D．Cheating;fooling解析：選D在考試中作弊要用cheat;fool表示“愚弄”；meandoingsth.“意味著做某事”；meantodosth.“打算做某事”。由語(yǔ)境可知答案為D。3．Shewas________withhernewroom.A．pleased B．pleasantC．pleasing D．pleasure解析：選A句意：她對(duì)她的新房間頗為滿意。pleased“滿意的，高興的”，常用來(lái)修飾人；B、C兩項(xiàng)多用來(lái)修飾事物。bepleasedabout/with/at...“對(duì)……滿意，對(duì)……高興”。4．(2015·江蘇高考)Someschoolswillhavetomake________inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A．judgments B．a(chǎn)djustmentsC．comments D．a(chǎn)chievements解析：選B句意：有些學(xué)校將不得不做出一些調(diào)整來(lái)和國(guó)家足球改革保持一致。adjustment“調(diào)整”；judgment“判斷”；comment“評(píng)論”；achievement“成就”。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。5．(2014·福建高考)—Couldyoutellmethe________ofmakingsuchtastycakes?—Well,Ijustfollowthedirectionsinthecookbook.A．feature B．planC．cost D．trick解析：選D句意：“你能告訴我做這么好吃的蛋糕的訣竅嗎？”“哦，我只不過(guò)是按照烹飪書(shū)里的說(shuō)明做的?！眆eature“特征”；plan“計(jì)劃”；cost“費(fèi)用”；trick“訣竅”。根據(jù)句意可知答案為D項(xiàng)。6．Thedoctor________me________myillnessatlast,andIwasverythankfultohim.A．recovered;of B．cured;ofC．treated;from D．dealt;with解析：選Brecover“恢復(fù)，重新找到”，多與介詞from連用；cure“治療，治愈”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，作動(dòng)詞時(shí)常與介詞of連用；treat“治療”，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，多與for連用；deal“做生意，經(jīng)營(yíng)”，多與介詞with連用，意為“處理，涉及”。由Iwasverythankfultohim可知，醫(yī)生最后“治愈”(cure)了“我”的病。故選B。7．Ifyouwanttoknowwhetheryouarefittolearnhistoryandgeography,you'dbetter________yourheadteacher.A．trick B．consultC．a(chǎn)dmire D．terrify解析：選B句意：如果你想知道你是否適合學(xué)歷史和地理，你最好咨詢(xún)一下你的班主任。trick“捉弄，欺騙”；consult“咨詢(xún)，請(qǐng)教”；admire“羨慕，敬佩”；terrify“使害怕”。8．(福建高考)Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals________allitscitizens.A．inchargeof B．forthepurposeofC．inhonorof D．forthebenefitof解析：選D句意：為了所有市民的利益，中國(guó)一直在推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院的改革。forthebenefitof“為了……的利益”，符合句題。inchargeof“主管；負(fù)責(zé)；照料”；inhonorof“為了向……表示敬意”；forthepurposeof“為了；因……起見(jiàn)”。Ⅱ.選詞填空beusedto，bemeantto，dealwith，aimto，playtrickson，fallfor，feelpleasedwith，o，beofbenefit，advertisefor1．Thetraditionalapproachtodealing_withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.2．Weaim_toincreasethisto$800bytheendofthecentury.3．Wedecidedtoadvertise_forthesecond-handcar.4．Theyalsothinkitcreatesgreatwealthandis_of_benefittosocietyprogress.5．Wewerehopingtokeepthepartyasecret—itwas_meant_tobeasurpriseforJane.6．Thewayhediditwasdifferentfromwhatwewere_used_to.7．Whatwouldmakeyoufeel_pleased_withyourself?8．Ifyoutellhimthatit'llmakehimearnalotofmoney,he'sboundtofall_fortheidea.9．Doyoulikebeing_played_tricks_oninpublic?10．Hefooledhislittlebrotherintolyingtohismother.1．Wearesousedtothemthatweoftendonotevenrealizehowmanyweseeandhearinaday.我們對(duì)廣告太習(xí)以為常了，甚至常常都意識(shí)不到一天當(dāng)中看到和聽(tīng)到多少?gòu)V告。(1)句中so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：eq\x(\a\al(so＋adj./adv.＋that...,so＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...,so＋many/few＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that...,so＋much/little少＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that...))①Tomisabusinessmanwhoisalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriends.湯姆是一位商人，他總是那么忙，幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間與朋友相處。②Hecaughtso_bad_a_cold_thathecougheddayandnight.他得了重感冒，所以日夜咳嗽。③Shehadsolittleeducationthatshecouldn'tfindajob.她接受的教育如此少，以至于找不到工作。(2)such...that...“如此……以至于……”，也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：eq\x(\a\al(such＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that...,such＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that...,such＋a/an＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...＝so＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...))④Thisbookiswritteninsuch_easy_English_thatbeginnerscanunderstandit.這本書(shū)是用淺易英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的，所以初學(xué)者可以讀懂。⑤Heissuchanhonestboythatwealllikehim.＝Heisso_honest_a_boy_thatwealllikehim.這個(gè)孩子非常誠(chéng)實(shí)，我們都喜歡他。[名師點(diǎn)津]“so/such＋修飾詞”位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。⑥Sofastdid_he_run_thatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.他跑得那么快以至于我趕不上他。⑦Solovelyisshethatwealllikeher.她那么可愛(ài)，我們都很喜歡她。2．Notalladsplaytricksonusthough.但并非所有的廣告都跟我們玩花招。(1)英語(yǔ)中的all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,complete,completely,always,whole,wholly,entirely,altogether等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定詞not連用時(shí)，無(wú)論not位于這些詞的前面還是后面都構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”。①NotallthepeopleinAmericalikebeer.并非所有的美國(guó)人都喜愛(ài)啤酒。②Moneyisnot_everything.金錢(qián)并非萬(wàn)能。③Allthatglittersisnotgold.發(fā)亮的東西并不一定都是金子。④Hedoes_not_alwaysplayvolleyball.他并不總是打排球。(2)英語(yǔ)中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表示否定意義的詞與肯定式謂語(yǔ)一起使用時(shí)構(gòu)成全部否定。⑤Nooneknowsit.沒(méi)有人知道這件事。⑥Nobodyagreeswithyou.沒(méi)有人會(huì)同意你。⑦Neitheransweriscorrect.兩種答案都不對(duì)。⑧None_ofthesethingsaremine.這些東西都不是我的。eq\a\vs4\al([句型對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)])完成句子1．這是一種二選一的情況，我們今年要么買(mǎi)一輛新車(chē)，要么去度假，但兩者不可兼得。(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ改編)It'saneither-orsituation—wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwe_can't_do_both.2．并不是所有的孩子都喜歡這部電影。Not_all_the_childrenlikethefilm.3．他的那么多朋友參加了他的婚禮以至于大廳里滿是客人。So_manyofhisfriendsattendedhisweddingthatthehallwascrowdedwithguests.串點(diǎn)成篇微表達(dá)如今，無(wú)論我們走到哪里，都會(huì)看到廣告(advertise-ment)。廣告是一種推銷(xiāo)(promote)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的好方法，盡管(evenif)它們并非都(notall...)完全跟我們講真話。廣告主要分為兩類(lèi)——公益廣告和商業(yè)廣告。公益廣告旨在(bemeantto)讓公眾受益(benefit)，而商業(yè)廣告的目的是(beaimedat)推銷(xiāo)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)。有些廣告欺騙(playtrickson)我們，我們要小心以免上當(dāng)受騙(fallfor)。Nowadays,_advertisements_can_be_seen_almost_wherever_we_go._Advertisements_are_a_good_way_to_promote_products_or_services,_even_if_not_all_of_them_tell_us_the_complete_truth._There_are_two_main_types_of_advertisements_—_public_service_advertisements_(PSAs)_and_commercial_advertisements._PSAs_are_meant_to_benefit_the_public_while_commercial_ads_are_aimed_at_promoting_products_or_services._Some_ads_play_tricks_on_us_and_we_must_be_careful_not_to_fall_for_them.一、打牢語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．Doyouhaveanycomment(s)(評(píng)論)tomakeaboutthecauseofthefire?2．Theseareallpoliciestopromote(提高)economicgrowth.3．Thepalefacesuggeststhatyouhaveaseriousillness.However,don'tworry.Itcanbecured(治愈)．4．Iwanttoconsult(咨詢(xún))severalexperiencedexpertsbeforeImakethedecision.5．Underthelaw,everyoneisconsideredinnocent(清白的，無(wú)罪的)untilheorsheprovesguilty.6．Shetookalongslowbreath(呼吸)tocalmdown.7．Hesufferedfromvariousmental(心理的)healthproblems.8．Hedoesexcellentworkandobviouslyheisamanofveryhighintelligence(智力)．9．Thecompanyemploys20,000peoplenationwide(在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi))．10．Ifyouwanttosellyourproduct,youmustadvertise(做廣告)it.Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Theteachertriedto________himtostopusingthemobilephoneonthecampus,buthewouldn'tlisten.A．hope B．a(chǎn)dviseC．forbid D．persuade解析：選D句意：老師試圖說(shuō)服他在校園里停止使用手機(jī)，但他就是不聽(tīng)。hope“希望”；advise“建議”；forbid“禁止”；persuade“勸說(shuō)”。由語(yǔ)境及題干中的關(guān)鍵信息buthewouldn'tlisten可知老師試圖“說(shuō)服”(persuade)他，但沒(méi)有成功。故選D項(xiàng)。2．—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.—Imeant________，butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn'tfindheranywhere.A．tothank B．toC．/ D．thanking解析：選B由語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“我”本來(lái)打算向她道謝，但當(dāng)“我”要離開(kāi)時(shí)到處找不到她。此處為Imeanttothankher的省略。3．ItwasthesecondtimethistermthatTom________intheexam.Thismadetheteacherveryangry.A．cheated B．havecheatedC．hadcheated D．werecheated解析：選C句意：這是這個(gè)學(xué)期湯姆第二次考試作弊了，這讓他的老師非常生氣。該句中包含句式“Itwasthefirst/second...time＋that從句”，此時(shí)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)主句中be動(dòng)詞的形式來(lái)確定。當(dāng)be動(dòng)詞為is時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；當(dāng)be動(dòng)詞為was時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。4．—Anathletecannot________playhisbestincompetitions.—Yes,itdependsuponhismentalandphysicalstate.A．ever B．sometimesC．a(chǎn)lways D．never解析：選C前句句意：在比賽中運(yùn)動(dòng)員不可能總是發(fā)揮最佳水平。always與否定詞連用，表示部分否定。5．TheinvestigationshowedGeorgewas________，sohewassetfreeatonce.A．guilty B．criminalC．innocent D．faulty解析：選C句意：調(diào)查表明，喬治是無(wú)罪的，所以他被立刻釋放了。由“hewassetfree”可知，他是“無(wú)罪的”(innocent)。guilty“有罪的”；criminal“犯罪的”；faulty“有錯(cuò)誤的”。6．When________comestoaninterview,wegetmanythingsinmind,suchasbeingontimeandgivingproperanswers.A．that B．thisC．it D．one解析：選C句意：當(dāng)談到面試的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)想到很多，例如要準(zhǔn)時(shí)和給出恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?。whenitcomesto...“當(dāng)談到……的時(shí)候”，為固定句型。7．Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget________，Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.A．promote B．promotedC．promoting D．topromote解析：選B句意：亨利在等待獲得升職機(jī)會(huì)的同時(shí)，在盡力做好自己的本職工作。promote和邏輯主語(yǔ)Henry是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用過(guò)去分詞，故選B。8．Theministersaid,“Wearereadyfordiscussionswithanylegalparties,butwe'llnever________withcriminals.”A．negotiate B．quarrelC．a(chǎn)rgue D．consult解析：選A句意：這位部長(zhǎng)說(shuō)：“我們準(zhǔn)備與任何合法的政黨進(jìn)行討論，但我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)與罪犯談判?！迸c前面的readyfordiscussions呼應(yīng)，這里用negotiate表示“協(xié)商，談判”。9．Don'tworry.Theproblemwillbe________atthemeetingtomorrow.A．dealtwith B．turnedupC．usedup D．setup解析：選A句意：不要擔(dān)心，這個(gè)問(wèn)題將會(huì)在明天的會(huì)議上解決。A項(xiàng)“處理；解決”；B項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)，露面”；C項(xiàng)“用完，耗盡”；D項(xiàng)“建立”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。10．—Wouldyouliketogotothepartytonight?—I'dliketo,butImustgoovermylessons,________tomorrow'sexam?A．a(chǎn)imingtopass B．meaningpassingC．a(chǎn)pplyingtopass D．pointingatpassing解析：選A句意：“你想?yún)⒓咏裢淼木蹠?huì)嗎？”“我想去，但是我要復(fù)習(xí)功課，力爭(zhēng)通過(guò)明天的考試?！盿imtodosth.“力爭(zhēng)做某事”；meandoingsth.“意味著做某事”；applytodosth.“申請(qǐng)做某事”；pointat“指著”。故選A項(xiàng)。二、勤練語(yǔ)篇閱讀，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空At29,teacherJenniferLoebsacktravelledtoAfricahopingtoimprovethelivesofUgandansandinsteadfoundnewappreciationforherowngoodlifeinCanada.“WhenI__1__back,IthoughtmaybeIneedtofindoutthevalueofme，”saidLoebsack,aGrade6teacheratKingEdwardPublicSchool.She__2__tookpartintheJaneGoodallCollegeofCanada'steachertrainingworkshopsinUgandawhereprimaryschoolteachersare__3__toincludeenvironmentaleducationintotheircurriculum__4__lessonplans,gamesandactivities.The__5__waslaunchedin2008andnewteachersmustraise$2,500eachbeforestartingthethree-weektask.Loebsacksaidshe__6__withfiveCanadians.SheandherfriendTaylorhadbeen__7__asummeradventure,butonewithapurpose.“I'vealwayshadthetravelbug，”saidLoebsack,whocompletedherteacherstraininginAustraliaanddidteaching__8__inChina.Thatoverseasexperiencemadeher__9__formore.ItwasTaylorwhocameupontheonlineapplicationinFebruary.__10__，theywereacceptedandhadtostruggletoraisethe__11__beforeleaving.OnJuly1the__12__landedinEntebbe,Uganda.Theythenstartedoutto__13__theirownworkshopswith28Ugandanprimaryteacherswhotravelledfromaroundthecountry,all__14__forbythecollege.Inacountrywhereteachersreceivelittleprofessionaldevelopment,suchanopportunitywas__15__andtherewastheexpectationthattheteacherswouldreturntotheirhomeschoolsandpasson__Asshewasequippedwithabasic__17__，Loebsackadmittedthey“tookwhattheywantedustoteachandmadeitourown”andalongtheway__18__therewereplentyofsimpletechniquesthatcouldmakea__19__difference.AsfortheUgandanteachers,shebelievestheCanadiansmadeadifference.“Ithinktheyleft__20__.Theyleftwithbigsmiles，”saidLoebsack.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要講述了加拿大29歲的女教師Loebsack隨幾個(gè)加拿大人到非洲旅行，見(jiàn)證了她與同伴們對(duì)改善烏干達(dá)的教育和人們的生活狀況所做的貢獻(xiàn)。1．A.returned B．cameC．walked D．turned解析：選B表達(dá)“回來(lái)”可用comeback或者return。若選A，文中back則多余，故選B。2．A.recently B．nearlyC．usually D．briefly解析：選A根據(jù)上下文意思來(lái)看，Loebsack最近參加了教師培訓(xùn)。3．A.learned B．formedC．exercised D．trained解析：選D指那里的老師接受訓(xùn)練，表示被動(dòng)，trained符合語(yǔ)境。4．A.across B．overC．under D．through解析：選Dthrough表示“通過(guò)(某種手段)”，在這里指“通過(guò)課程計(jì)劃”，其他選項(xiàng)意思不符。5．A.campaign B．educationC．program D．a(chǎn)dventure解析：選Ccampaign“運(yùn)動(dòng)”；education“教育”；program“計(jì)劃，項(xiàng)目”；adventure“冒險(xiǎn)”。分析上下文可知選C。6．A.explored B．travelledC．experimented D．climbed解析：選B根據(jù)上下文多次提到“旅游”，可知這里選travelled與上下文語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)意吻合。7．A.seeking B．selectingC．surfing D．solving解析：選A動(dòng)詞seek意為“尋求，尋找”，這里是過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。8．A.tips B．technologyC．practice D．theory解析：選CLoebsack在中國(guó)有過(guò)教學(xué)實(shí)踐，所以選C。9．A.angry B．curiousC．a(chǎn)nxious D．hungry解析：選D在海外的經(jīng)歷使得Loebsack渴望得到更多(經(jīng)驗(yàn)或?qū)嵺`)。10．A.Terribly B．LuckilyC．Sadly D．Slightly解析：選B根據(jù)后面的“...theywereaccepted...”可知她們被接收了，所以是很幸運(yùn)的。11．A.cash B．ideaC．price D．forecast解析：選Acash意為“現(xiàn)金；錢(qián)”，這里是指“籌集資金”。12．A.group B．clubC．class D．pair解析：選A根據(jù)前文她說(shuō)的fiveCanadians可得知，他們是組成一個(gè)小組去的，故選group。13．A.guide B．drawC．lead D．point解析：選Clead意為“帶領(lǐng)”，這里指他們開(kāi)始著手對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)爻跫?jí)教師的培訓(xùn)工作。14．A.spent B．costC．calculated D．paid解析：選D這個(gè)培訓(xùn)班的所有成員都是由大學(xué)付費(fèi)的，故選paid。15．A.large B．rareC．few D．round解析：選B當(dāng)?shù)氐慕處熀苌儆袑?zhuān)業(yè)的發(fā)展，所以這樣的機(jī)會(huì)是非常稀少的，選用形容詞rare。16．A.which B．thatC．what D．whether解析：選CLoebsack他們希望這些接受培訓(xùn)的老師最終回到他們?cè)瓉?lái)的學(xué)校，傳遞他們所學(xué)到的東西。作賓語(yǔ)，故用what。17．A.homework B．exerciseC．topic D．curriculum解析：選D根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示“課程，學(xué)科”，故用curriculum。18．A.discovered B．watchedC．founded D．invented解析：選A根據(jù)空格后“許多簡(jiǎn)單技術(shù)的作用很大”是一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，可推知選用動(dòng)詞“發(fā)現(xiàn)”較為恰當(dāng)。19．A.little B．bigC．light D．heavy解析：選B詞組makeabigdifference意為“產(chǎn)生很大的不同；作用很大，意義重大”。20．A.devoted B．frightenedC．a(chǎn)mazed D．inspired解析：選D根據(jù)句中的bigsmiles可推測(cè)他們受到了鼓舞，故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀理解Wanttoimproveyourwritingskills?NewWritingSouthisdirectingtheway!?TownerWriterSquad(班組)forkidsaged13－17LedbycomedyandTVwriter,MarianKilpatrick,TownerWriterSquadwillmeetonceamonthatthecontemporaryartmuseumfor11months,starting12October,2017.TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywritingandlyrics(抒情詩(shī))toflashfiction,tosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters.Application&SelectionIfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquad,pleasesendasamplepieceofyourwriting(about500words),respondingtothetitle“LUNCH”，withyourname,age,addressande-mailaddresstodebo@-.Onceallapplicationsarein,y