小升初英語熱點(diǎn)題型一06 完形填空與閱讀理解

【精品】小升初英語熱點(diǎn)題型06完形填空與閱讀理解歸納】形填空點(diǎn)】小學(xué)完形填空主要考察：1.動(dòng)詞的變化；2.詞匯的常用搭配。應(yīng)對(duì)完形填意語法的講授，通過做講義練習(xí)進(jìn)行鞏固對(duì)動(dòng)詞變化的考查。形填空時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.全文，了解文章大意，不明白的地方應(yīng)掠過去，等到填空需要細(xì)讀時(shí)再去理會(huì)。2.首尾句是全文的中心所在，然后讀一遍選項(xiàng)，知道均有哪些備選項(xiàng)。3.全文識(shí)的掌握。4.語言知識(shí)和語法知識(shí)解題慣用法，因此，在解題時(shí)需要運(yùn)用掌握的語言知識(shí)和語法知識(shí)解題。5.上下文復(fù)比較剩下的選項(xiàng)，這樣就可以略為簡單一些。復(fù)比較剩下的選項(xiàng)，這樣就可以略為簡單一些。6.運(yùn)用背景知識(shí)解題，，、。分析比較，理解中心，全面驗(yàn)證。點(diǎn)】1.填空的解題步驟：1)跳過空格，通讀全文，掌握大意2)瞻前顧后，先易后難，各個(gè)擊破3)復(fù)讀全文，逐個(gè)核對(duì)，驗(yàn)證答案2.事項(xiàng)：1)注重首、尾句2)克服畏難、急躁情緒，耐心通讀全文3)切勿看到一個(gè)空格就急著選出一個(gè)答案，必須縱觀全文、通篇考慮4)動(dòng)筆前先易后難，注意從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找提示，大膽地作出5)如果選項(xiàng)從語法角度無法確定，則必須從語篇（前提示，后暗示）意義上加別。理解點(diǎn)】對(duì)閱讀理解要注意解題需要三個(gè)步驟：讀問題、讀原文，最后挑選項(xiàng)。()讀問題，如果連問題都讀不懂錯(cuò)誤判，把問題分為兩類：1.容有一個(gè)大概的了解。2.文某一處信息作答的標(biāo)題問題），此類的問題有：主旨題(mainidea),中心思想題(Fromthetext,wecanlearnthat…),作者態(tài)度題(Thewriterwantstotellus…)，一會(huì)兒做題時(shí)也是先做劃的標(biāo)題問題，再做不劃的標(biāo)題問題。()原文1.讀原文的主要目的，劃出解題所需要的內(nèi)容信息，包括：剛才讀問題時(shí)腦中記的原文信息（把問題中所問的東西在文中找出來），轉(zhuǎn)折詞:but,however,although,though,重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞或是絕對(duì)化的詞:none,only,all,everything,must,always,數(shù)字及序數(shù)詞。讀出整篇文章的大概標(biāo)的目的及圍繞著什么東西說的。2.開始讀文章，信息，讀的重點(diǎn)放在文章的段首句、轉(zhuǎn)折句和整篇文章的最后幾句。()1.文中劃出對(duì)映信息的標(biāo)題問題步：關(guān)注問題問的是什么？（問什么答什么）體內(nèi)容，但劃的那句話必然就是答案嗎？50%標(biāo)題問題答案出在所劃定的那句定就是劃的那句）2.做完所有的劃出對(duì)映信息的標(biāo)題問題后，再做不劃的標(biāo)題問題3.選擇答案的思路—答案是比出來的4.考場(chǎng)上的解題思路(1)，判斷選項(xiàng)時(shí)，千萬不要加身的想法和判斷，文章說什么就是什么。(2)除非文章中作者有明顯的絕對(duì)化的觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)，不然選項(xiàng)中一旦出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)化的修飾詞立刻排除(all,none,everything,/one,must,only,never,usually,always)【難點(diǎn)】閱讀試題的技巧與方法1.信息文中找。，，，，的想象，隨心所欲的回答。如一道閱讀填空:Timandhisfriend____inthesea.沒有通過尋找關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中尋找的方式，而是根據(jù)自己的猜測(cè)寫出2尋找信息的順序性，。，，，，，影響做題速度。3.快速尋找所需信息，，答案。4.判斷正誤，如一致則正確，反之錯(cuò)誤。題型】填空解題技巧講解及練習(xí)例1根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇合適的詞填空(上下文、語境)InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis_______.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasal.A.piano B.guitar C.violin D.sax【答案】撥】考查學(xué)生對(duì)完形填空要根據(jù)上下文、語境來做題，難度中。 Whenwetalked,Idiscovered(發(fā)現(xiàn))somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle____thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.later【答案】【解析】做此類題時(shí)要根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行邏輯推理，根據(jù)短文中eachclasslastfiftyminutesintheUS.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.所以可以判斷ItisalittlelongerthanthatinChina.應(yīng)選B?！军c(diǎn)撥】考查學(xué)生做完形填空時(shí)要注意運(yùn)用邏輯推理的方法進(jìn)行判斷，難度中 LiLi,Look1____thepicture.It’s2____pictureofourclassroom.Inthepicture,youcanseesomedesks3____chairs.4____theblackboard,youcanseetwoblackandwhitecats.Amapis5____thedoor.It’samap6____Beijing.Underthe7___deskisaball,butyoucan’tseeit.ThegirlinthehatismygoodfriendKate.Sheisanewstudent.Sheis8____Englishgirl.Shelooks9___Lucy.Buttheyaren’t10_____.()1.A.in B.at C.to D.on()2.A.a B.an C.the D./()3.A.or B.but C.and D.there( )4.A.In B.Of C.At D.On()5.A.at B.in C.under D.behind()6.A.of B.on C.in D.for()7.A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.ofteacher()8.A./ B.the C.an D.a()9.A.at B.after C.like D.thesame()10.A.boys B.girls C.twins D.students【答案】1.B 2.A3.C 4.D5.D6.A7.B 8.C 9.C10.C析】1.此句意是：看這張照片，lookat看…..應(yīng)選B。2.此句意是：這是我們教室的一張照片，apictureof….意為”……的一張照片”3.此句意是：你能看到一些桌子和椅子，and和，連詞。4.Ontheblackboard在黑板上，用介詞on.5.此句意是：一張地圖在門后，behind在……后面。6.此句意是：這是一張北京地圖，amapofBeijing一張北京地圖。7.在講桌的下面是一個(gè)球，theteacher’sdesk講桌。8.此句意是：她是一個(gè)英國女孩，English的第一個(gè)字母是元音音素，所以前面an.9.此句意是：她看起來和露西很像，looklike看起來像…..10.但是他們不是雙胞胎，twins雙胞胎，應(yīng)選C。撥】考查學(xué)生對(duì)完形填空的用法的掌握情況，難度易。 Lookatthatboy.HisnameisLiuBing.HeisaChineseboy.Heisinthekitchen.Helikesapples.SuYangisathometoo.Sheisinthestudy.Shelikesdrawing.IsGaoShanathome?No,heisinthepark.Heisthirsty.Hewantstodrinksomejuice.MissLiisintheoffice.Sheisreading.()1.LiuBingisinthekitchen.()2.LiuBinglikeseatingpears.( )3.SuYangisn’tinthestudy.()4.GaoShanisthirstyandhewantstodrink()5.MissLiisdrawing.Thisis____orange._____orangeisLucy’s.【答案】1.T 2.F 3.F4.T5.F析】1.根據(jù)短文中Heisinthekitchen.可判斷此句是正確的。2.根據(jù)短文中Helikesapples.所以可判斷此句是錯(cuò)誤的。3.根據(jù)短文中Sheisinthestudy.可判斷此句是錯(cuò)誤的。4.根據(jù)短文中Heisthirsty.Hewantstodrinksomejuice.可判斷此句是正確的。5.根據(jù)短文中Sheisreading.可判斷此句是錯(cuò)誤的。撥】考查學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀理解中對(duì)句子判斷正誤的掌握情況，難度易。 Tomlikesfishverymuch.Heoftenbuyssomefishintheshopandtakesithome.Butwhenhiswifeseesthefish,shesaystoherself,“Good!Icanaskmyfriendstohavelunch,andwecaneatthefish.Theylikefishverymuch.”SowhenTomcomeshomeintheevening,thefishisnotthereandhiswifealwayssays,“Oh,yourcateatsit.”AndshegivesTomsomebreadforhissupper.Tomisveryangry.Hetakesthecatandhiswifetotheshopnearhishouseandweighs(稱重)thecat.Thenheturnstohiswifeandsays,”Myfishweighonekilo(公斤).Thiscatweighsone,too.Myfishishere,yousee,thenwhereismycat?”1.______eatsthefish.A.MrTom B.MrsTom C.Thecat D.Hisfriends2.WhatdoesMrsTomdowiththefish?A.SheeatsthefishbeforeTomcomesback.B.Sheasksherfriendstocometoeatthefishwithher.C.Sheputsthefishinthefridge(冰箱)andwaitsforherhusband.D.ShecooksthefishforTom.3.MrTomweighs_____intheshopwithhiswife.A.thefish B.thecat C.hiswife D.hisfriend4.HowmuchfishdoesTomoftenbuy?A.onekilo B.twokilo C.threekiloD.fourkilo5.Tomlikes____verymuch.A.cat B.hiswife C.fish D.hisfriends.【答案】1.D 2.B 3.B4.A 析】1.根據(jù)短文中Icanaskmyfriendstohavelunch,andwecaneatthefish.Theylikefishverymuch.可知D是正確答案。2.根據(jù)短文中Icanaskmyfriendstohavelunch,andwecaneatthefish.Theylikefishverymuch.可知B是正確答案。3.根據(jù)短文中Hetakesthecatandhiswifetotheshopnearhishouseandweighsthecat.可知B是正確答案。4.根據(jù)短文中Myfishweighonekilo可知A是正確答案。5.根據(jù)短文中Tomlikesfishverymuch.可知C是正確答案。撥】考查學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀理解的掌握情況，難度中。診斷】 Thisismybedroom.Youcansee1____picturesonthewall.Anicelightis2_____thedesk.Afootballis3____thechair.4_____isthebed?It’snearthewindow.Myfatherand5_____bedroomisnearmybedroom.6_____flowersandanicebigbed7____intheirroom.Somewindowsare8_____thewall.Ayellowdoorisinthewall,9______.Doyoulikemybedroomand10_______?()1.A.a B.an C.one D.some()2.A.in B,on C.under D.behind()3.A.to B.in C.for D.under()4.A.Who B.How C.What D.Where()5.A.brother B.mother C.brother’s D.mother’s()6.A.the B.some C.TheD.Some()7.A.am B.is C.are D.isn’t()8.A.behind B.under C.in D.on()9.A.of B.too C.here D.there()10.A.them B.their C.their’sD.theirroom【錯(cuò)解】5.B 6B 7B 8D10.C誤辨析】5.我爸爸和媽媽的臥室，應(yīng)表示為Myfatherandmother’sbedroom.在表示兩者共有時(shí)，在后一個(gè)名詞后加s,這點(diǎn)是學(xué)生們?nèi)菀壮鲥e(cuò)的地方，學(xué)生易錯(cuò)誤地填寫為。6.，因此處不是特指所以不用能the,因flowers是復(fù)數(shù)，所以前面要用some,但學(xué)生易匆忙看下答案，一看B項(xiàng)是some,所以就將答案填為B，這是錯(cuò)誤的，要注意，在句首的第一個(gè)字母要大寫，項(xiàng)才是正確答案。7.學(xué)生做此題時(shí)容易想當(dāng)然，一看空格前面是anicebigbed,所以后面的動(dòng)詞肯是Someflowersandanicebigbed,是兩項(xiàng)，所以后面動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)are.門，釘子在墻上要用介詞in,地圖，圖片在墻上要用on.10.你喜歡我的臥室和他們的臥室嗎？學(xué)生容易錯(cuò)誤理解為Doyoulikemybedroomandtheir’s?這是錯(cuò)誤的，如果為了避免重復(fù)，就要用名詞性物主代詞theirs,或者用theirbedroom.【正確答案】5.D6.D7.C 8.C10.D WangBinisafootballfan.ThereisafootballmatchbetweenChineseteamandAmericanteam.Hewantstowatchit.Hecomestotheboxoffice(售票處)andgivestheclerk10yuan.Theclerksays,”Pleasegivemeanother10yuan.Theprice(價(jià)格)ofaticketis20yuan.”“Why?”saysWangBin,”IjustwatchChineseteam.Idon’twanttowatchtheotherteamatall.Doyouwantmetobuyaticketforthem?No,no,no…”根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案( )1.HowdoesWangBinlikefootball?A.Little B.Alittle ()2.“Doyouwantmetobuyaticketforthem?”theword“them”refersto_____.A.Chineseteam B.Britishteam C.Americanteam D.Frenchteam【錯(cuò)解】1.B 誤辨析】了，所以就是likefootballverymuch,但是學(xué)生在做此題時(shí)，由于不理解fan的錯(cuò)理解為alittle一點(diǎn)兒點(diǎn)兒喜歡足球了，這是錯(cuò)誤的。2學(xué)生做此題時(shí)，容易根據(jù)就近句子進(jìn)行選擇，一看前句是IjustwatchChineseteam.所以很容易錯(cuò)誤地理解為這里的them是指Chineseteam了，這是錯(cuò)誤的，【正確答案】1.D2.C打鐵】一、填空OncetherewasaboyinToronto.HisnameisJimmy.Hestarteddrawingwhenhewasthreeyearsold,andwhenhewasfivehewasalreadyvery1____atit.Hedrewmanybeautifulinterestingpictures,andmanypeople2____hispictures.Theythoughtthisboywasgoingtobe3____whenhewasalittleolder,andthentheyweregoingto4____thesepicturesforalotofmoney.Jimmy’spictureswerequitedifferentfromother5____becauseheneverdrewonallofthepaper.Hedrewon6____ofit,andtheotherhalfwasalways7____.“That’sveryclever”everybodysaid,“8____otherpeoplehaveeverdonethatgogoupanddown.before.Onedaysomebodyaskedhim,“Pleasetellme,Jimmy.Whydoyoudrawonthebottomhalfofyourpictures,9___notonthetophalf?”“BecauseI’msmall”Jimmysaid,“andmybrushes(毛筆)can’t10_____veryhigh()1.A.poor B.sad C.glad D.good()2.A.bought B.brought C.sold D.took( )3.A.different B.clever C.famous D.rich()4.A.buy B.show C.leave D.sell( )5.A.men’s B.people’s C.boy’s ()6.A.half B.part C.side D.end()7.A.full B.empty C.wrong D.ready()8.A.No B.Some C.Any D.Many()9.A.then B.and C.but D.or()10.A.change B.turn C.pull D.reach二、理解JohnisaCanadian.HelivesinatallbuildinginthecityofToronto(多倫多).Thereareeighteenfloorsinthebuilding,andhelivesonthefifteenthfloor.HeusesalifttoJohnworksveryhard.Hegoestoworkearly.Everydayhegetsoutofthelift.Thenhewalkstoabusstop.Thebusstopisinfrontofastation.Itisabouttwohundredmetersfromhishome.Heusuallycatchesthenumber11bustowork,butsometimeshegoesbytrain.Johnworksinafactoryabo