高級(jí)技術(shù)類職稱英語(yǔ)考試試題集

中國(guó)南玻集團(tuán)股份有限公司

CSGHOLDINGCO.,LTD.

高級(jí)技術(shù)類職稱英語(yǔ)考試試題集

集團(tuán)職稱評(píng)審委員會(huì)編輯

2008年11月

關(guān)于南玻職稱英語(yǔ)考試的幾個(gè)事項(xiàng)

培訓(xùn)考試目的

1、南玻未來(lái)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略是國(guó)際化、全球化，實(shí)現(xiàn)這一戰(zhàn)略的前提就是管理及專

業(yè)技術(shù)人員應(yīng)具備相應(yīng)的外語(yǔ)能力，因此，外語(yǔ)尤其是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言能力的提升

與要求今后要逐步加強(qiáng)，我們的人才招聘、提拔及相關(guān)外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)方面須未雨

綢繆。

2、南玻職稱職稱英語(yǔ)考試重點(diǎn)考查應(yīng)試者的閱讀理解能力，通過(guò)考試促進(jìn)員工

的外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。

二.關(guān)于考試學(xué)習(xí)、考試大綱與資料

1、學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容以集團(tuán)提供資料為主，應(yīng)試人員可自行查找相關(guān)的參考資料?？?/p>

試復(fù)習(xí)以自學(xué)為主，條件許可的公司，可舉辦短期英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)班，可針對(duì)考試

資料的輔導(dǎo)，也可是規(guī)范的英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)。

2、申報(bào)高級(jí)的人員在2小時(shí)內(nèi)應(yīng)完成3000詞左右的閱讀任務(wù)，并能正確理解

所讀材料的內(nèi)容；申報(bào)中級(jí)的人員在2小時(shí)內(nèi)應(yīng)完成2600詞左右的閱讀任

務(wù)，并能正確理解所讀材料的內(nèi)容。為達(dá)到上述目標(biāo)，考試對(duì)應(yīng)試者的英語(yǔ)

匯量、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和閱讀理解能力分別提出如下要求：

（一）詞匯量

考試所涉及的詞匯和短語(yǔ)要求：

1）申報(bào)高級(jí)的人員應(yīng)認(rèn)知6000個(gè)左右的單詞和一定數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)；

2）申報(bào)中級(jí)的人員應(yīng)認(rèn)知5000個(gè)左右的單詞和一定數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)。

（二）語(yǔ)法知識(shí)

考試不直接對(duì)應(yīng)試者所掌握的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行考查，但應(yīng)試者必須掌握基本的

語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，主要包括：

1）英語(yǔ)句子的基本語(yǔ)序及其意義；

2）英語(yǔ)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和常用句型；

3）各種時(shí)、體的形式及其意義；

4）各種從句的構(gòu)成及其意義；

5）句子中詞語(yǔ)的所指、省略、替代、重復(fù)，以及句子之間的意義關(guān)系等。

（三）閱讀理解能力

應(yīng)試者應(yīng)能專業(yè)運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和閱讀技能來(lái)理解專業(yè)的或?般內(nèi)

容的英語(yǔ)書面材料。閱讀能力主要包括以下兒個(gè)方面：

1）掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意；

2）了解闡述主旨的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)；

3）利用上下文猜測(cè)某些詞匯和短語(yǔ)的意義；

4）既理解個(gè)別句子的意義，也理解上下文之間的意義關(guān)系;

5）根據(jù)所讀材料進(jìn)行判斷和推論；

6）領(lǐng)會(huì)作者的觀點(diǎn)、意圖和態(tài)度。

三.考試時(shí)間、考試分類與題型

1、考試時(shí)間

南玻專業(yè)技術(shù)人員職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試于每年11月份舉行考試，書面開卷，可

以帶詞典及工具書，總分各為100分，考試時(shí)間均為2小時(shí)。

2、考試分類與題型

南玻職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試共分兩個(gè)專業(yè)類別：專業(yè)類（經(jīng)濟(jì)、管理類人員）、

技術(shù)類（工程技術(shù)人員），每個(gè)專業(yè)類別的考試各分高、中兩個(gè)等級(jí)。主要題型

如下：

第I部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第I?15題，每題I分，共15分）

考查應(yīng)試者理解在一定語(yǔ)境中單詞或短語(yǔ)意義的能力。本部分為15個(gè)句子，

每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，要求應(yīng)試者從每個(gè)句子后面所給的

4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇I個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16?22題，每題I分，共7分）

考查應(yīng)試者識(shí)別和判斷文章所提供的信息的能力。本部分為I篇300?450

詞的短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，有的句子提供的是正確信息，有的句子提供

的是錯(cuò)誤信息，有的句子的信息在短文中并未直接或間接提及。要求應(yīng)試者根

據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23?30題，每題I分，共8分）

考查應(yīng)試者把握文章段落大意及細(xì)節(jié)的能力。本部分為I篇300450詞的短

文，有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：⑴短文后有6個(gè)段落小標(biāo)題，要求應(yīng)試者根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)

容為其中指定的4個(gè)段落各選擇一個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）短文后有4個(gè)不完整的

句子，要求應(yīng)試者在所提供的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)分別完成每個(gè)句子。

第4部分；閱讀理解（第31?45題，每題3分，共45分）

考查應(yīng)試者對(duì)文章主旨和細(xì)節(jié)信息的理解能力。本部分為3篇文章，每篇

300?450詞，每篇文章后有5道題。要求應(yīng)試者根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給

的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇I個(gè)最佳答案。

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第46?50題，每題2分，共10分）

考查應(yīng)試者把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)、掌握作者思路的能力。本部分為1篇300?450

詞的短文，文中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，其中5組取自文章本身。

要求應(yīng)試者根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其放回相應(yīng)位置，以恢復(fù)文章原

貌。

第6部分：完形填空（第51?65題，每題1分，共15分）

考查應(yīng)試者正確把握文章內(nèi)容，以及在一定語(yǔ)境中準(zhǔn)確使用詞語(yǔ)的能力。

本部分為1篇300?450詞的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出4個(gè)選

項(xiàng)，要求應(yīng)試者根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇I個(gè)最佳答案。

四.考試管理

1、考試領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)：集團(tuán)職稱評(píng)審委員會(huì)。

2、具體責(zé)任部門：集團(tuán)人力資源部。

集團(tuán)職稱評(píng)審委員會(huì)

二O一五年七月H—日

目錄

技術(shù)類模擬題一............................2

技術(shù)類模擬題二...........................18

技術(shù)類模擬題三...........................33

技術(shù)類模擬題四...........................48

技術(shù)類模擬題五...........................63

技術(shù)類模擬題一

第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1一15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)

句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。答案

?律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

1.Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

AexplainedBinventedCconsideredDaccepted

2.Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

AheavyBstrongCkindDwild

3.Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

AmakingStakingCdiscussingDexpecting

4.Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableof

producing.

AwasteBbuyCuseDsell

5.Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

AfunctionBabilityCpowerDvolume

6.Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDclosely

7.Herfaithupheldherintimesofsadness.

AsupportedBexcitedCinspiredDdirected

8.Thebookprovidesaconciseanalysisofthecountry'shistory.

AcleanBperfectCrealDbrief

9.Itislaiddownintheregulationsthatallmembersmustcarrytheir

membershipcardsatalltimes.

AsuggestedBwarnedCstatedDconfirmed

10.Thecouncilmeetingterminatedat2o'clock.

AbeganBcontinuedCendedDresumed

11.Redflagwasplacedthereasatokenofdanger.

AsignBsubstituteCproofDtarget

12.Howeverbadthesituationis,themajorityisunwillingtoriskchange.

AreluctantBeagerCpleasedDangry

13.IthasbeensaidthattheActsprovidedanewcourseofactionanddid

notmerelyregulateorenlargeanoldone.

AlimitBcontrolCreplaceDoffset

14.Thesecretaryisexpectedtoexploreideasforpost-warreconstruction

ofthearea.

AdenyBinvestigateCstressDcreate

15.Thesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatly

increasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.

AgraduallyBsuddenlyCexcessivelyDexceptionally

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16—22題，每題1分，共7分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子

做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提

供的是錯(cuò)誤信一息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，

請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。

ADolphinandanAstronomer

Onedayin1963,adolphinnamedElvarandafamousastronomer,Carl

Sagan,wereplayingalittlegame.Theastronomerwasvisitinganinstitute

whichwaslookingintothewaydolphinscommunicatewitheachother.Sagan

wasstandingontheedgeofoneofthetankswhereseveralofthesefriendly,

highlyintelligentcreatureswerekept.Elvarhadjustswumupalongsidehim

andhadturnedonhisback.

ThedolphinwantedSagantoscratchhisstomachagain,asthe

astronomerhaddonetwicebefore.ElvarlookedupatSagan,waiting.Then,

afteraminuteorso,thedolphinleaptupthroughthewaterandmadeasound

justliketheword"more”.Theastonishedastronomerwenttothedirectorofthe

instituteandtoldhimabouttheincident.'Oh,yes.That'soneofthewordshe

knows,'thedirectorsaid,showingnosurpriseatall.

Dolphinshavebiggerbraininproportiontotheirbodysizethanhumans

have,andithasbeenknownforalongtimethattheycanmakeanumberof

sounds.Whatismore,thesesoundsseemtohavedifferentfunctions,suchas

warningeachotherofdanger.Soundtravelsmuchfasterandmuchfurtherin

waterthanitdoesinair.Thatiswhythepartsofthebrainthatdealwithsound

aremuchbetterdevelopedindolphinthaninhumans.Butcanitbesaidthat

dolphinshavealanguage',intherealsenseoftheword?Scientistsdon't

agreeonthis.

Alanguageisnotjustacollectionofsounds,orevenwords.Alanguage

hasastructureandwhatwecallagrammar.Thestructureandgrammarofa

languagehelptogiveitmeaning.Forexample,thetwoquestions“Wholoves

Mary?"and"WhodoesMarylove?"meanverydifferentthings.Ifyoustopto

thinkaboutit,youwillseethatthisdifferencedoesn'tcomefromthewordsin

thequestionbutfromthedifferenceinstructure.Thatiswhythequestion"Can

dolphinsspeak?"can'tbeanswereduntilwefindoutifdolphinsnotonlymake

soundsbutalsoarrangetheminagrammaticalorderwhichaffectstheir

meaning.

16Theastronomerwasnotinterestedinthewaydolphinscommunicate

witheachother.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17ThedolphinleaptupintotheairbecauseSaganwastoonearthe

water.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18Partsofthedolphin'sbrainareparticularlywelldevelopedtohandle

differentkindsofsound.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19Dolphinsarethemostusefulanimalstohumans.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20Dolphinstravelfasterinwaterthananyotheranimals.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21Somescientistsbelievethatdolphinshavealanguageoftheirown.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22Soundscanbecalledalanguageonlywhentheyhaveastructureand

agrammar.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23—30題，每題1分，共8分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23—26題要求從所給

的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2、3、5和6段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第27—30

題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案

涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

TheWeightExperiment

NicolaWaltershasbeentakingpartinexperimentsinScotlandto

discoverwhyhumansgainandlostweight.Beinglockedinasmallroomcalled

a-calorimeter,（熱量測(cè)量室）isonewaytofindout.

1Thesighsabovethetworoomsreadsimply"ChamberOne"and

"ChamberTwo".Thesearethecalorimeters:4mby2mwhite-walledrooms

wherehumanvolunteersarelockedupinthenameofscience.Outsidethese

roomsanothersignreads"Pleasedonotenter-workinprogress"andinfront

oftheroomsadvancedmachineryregisterseverymovethevolunteersmake.

Eachday,mealsmeasuredtothelastgramarepassedthroughaholeinthe

wallofthecalorimetertotheresidentvolunteer.

2NicolaWaltersisoneoftwentyvolunteerswho,overthepasteight

months,havespentvaryingperiodsinsidethecalorimeter.Tallandslim,Nicola

doesnothaveaweightproblem,butthoughtthestrictdietmighthelpwithher

trainingandfitnessprogramme.Aself-employedcommunitydanceworker,

shewasabletofittheexperimentinaroundherwork.Shesawanadvertfor

volunteersatherlocalgymandassheisinterestedinthewholeareaofdiet

andexercise,shethoughtshewouldhelpout.

3TheexperimentonNicolainvolvedherspendingonedayonafixed

dietathomeandthenextintheroom.Thissequencewasrepeatedfourtimes

oversixweeks.Shearrivedatthecalorimeterat8:30amoneachofthefour

morningsandfromthenoneverythingsheateordrankwascarefully

measured.Hereverymovewasnotedtoo,herdailyexerciseroutinetimedto

thelastsecond.Atregularintervals,aftereating,shefilledinformsabouthow

hungryshefeltandsamplesweretakenforanalysis.

4Thescientistshelpvolunteersimposeakindoforderonthelongdays

theyfaceintheroom."Thefirsttime,Ionlytookonevideoandabook,butit

wasOKbecauseIwatchedTVtherestofthetime,"saysNicola.Andtwicea

daysheusedtheexercisebike.Shepedaled()forhalfanhour,watchedby

researcherstomakesureshedidn'tgotoofast.

5Itseemsthatsomefoodsencourageyoutoeatmore,whileothers

satisfyyouquickly.Volunteersarealreadyshowingthathigh-fatdietsareless

likelytomakeyoufeelfull.Believingthattheymaynowknowwhatencourages

peopletoovereat,theresearchersareabouttostarttestingahigh-protein

weight-lossdiet.VolunteersarerequiredandNicolahassignedupforfurther

sessions.

AWhatdoesthecalorimeterlooklikeinside?

BWhatprogramwasdesignedfortheexperiment?

CWhatisacalorimeter?

DWhatisthefirstimpression?

EHowdothevolunteerskillthetime?

FWhydidNicolajoinintheexperiments?

23Paragraph1

24Paragraph2

25Paragraph3

26Paragraph4

27Themachineryoutsidethecalorimetersrecordseverything

28NicolaWaltershadtimefortheexperiments.

29Volunteershavetogetpreparedforthetimeinthecalorimeter

30Theexperimentsshowthathigh-fatdiets.

Athevolunteersdo

Bbecauseshedoesnothaveaweightproblem

Cbecausethelifetherecanbeveryboring

Dmakepeopleovereat

Ebecauseshewasherownboss

Fafterpassingahigh-proteintest

第4部分：閱讀理解（第31—45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文

章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位

置上。

第一篇"Salty"RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbe

abletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandoned

farmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity'sSchoolofBiological

Sciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasrice,could

bemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbythe

BiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhich

genesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthis

capabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan100hectares（公頃）ofagricultural

landarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨礙生長(zhǎng)）pEnts.The

problemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（紅樹林）that

createswamps（沼澤）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeen

cutdown.IntheMediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewater

tabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep（滲透）in.inLatinAmerica,irrigation

oftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated（蒸發(fā)）bytheheat,leaving

saltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.

Heavyconcentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewater

theyneedtosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedrice

plantsthattakeinverylittlesaltandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthatdo

notaffecttheplants'growth.Theyhavestartedtobreedthesecharacteristics

intoanewricecrop,butitwilltakeabouteightharvestsbeforetheresulting

seedsarereadytobeconsideredforcommercialuse.

Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,Flowersand

Yeowilltrytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsandplants.

Landthathasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloomagain,

providingmuchneededfoodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.

31WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFlowersandYeoistrue?

ATheyarestudentsatSussexUniversity.

BTheyarericebreeders.

CTheyarehusbandandwife

DTheyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

32FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogramme

Atofindwaystopreventwaterpollution.

Btoidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil.

Ctobreedriceplantsthattastesalty.

Dtofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil.

33WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblem

discussedinthepassage?

ANaturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed.

BThewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

CSealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

DEvaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind.

34Theword"affect"inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby

A"influence"

B"effect"

C“stop”

D"present"

35Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis

Apositive

Bnegative.

Csuspicious

Dindifferent.

第二篇LivingwithComputer

AftertoolongontheNet,evenaphonecallcanbeashock.Myboyfriend's

Liverpudianaccentsuddenlybecomeshardtounderstandaftertheclarityof

hiswordsonscreen;asecretary'stoneseemsmorerejectingthanI'd

imagineditwouldbe.Timeitselfbecomesfluid-hoursbecomeminutes,and

alternatelysecondsstretchintodays.Weekends,onceahighlightofmyweek,

arenowjusttwoordinarydays.

Forthelastthreeyears,sinceIstoppedworkingasaproducerforCharlie

Rose,Ihavedonemuchofmyworkasatele-commuter（遠(yuǎn)程交談?wù)撸?Isubmit

articlesandeditthemviaE-mailandcommunicatewithcolleaguesonInternet

mailinglists.MyboyfriendlivesinEngland,somuchofourrelationshipis

computer-mediated.

IfIdesired,Icouldstayinsideforweekswithoutwantinganything.Ican

orderfood,andmanagemymoney,loveandwork.Infact,attimesIhave

spentaslongasthreeweeksaloneathome,goingoutonlytogetmailand

buynewspapersandgroceries.Iwatchedmostoftheblizzard（暴風(fēng)雪）of'96

onTV.

Butafterawhile,lifeitselfbeginstofeelunreal.IstarttofeelasthoughI've

mergedwithmymachines,takingdatain,spittingthembackout,justanother

node（節(jié)點(diǎn)）ontheNet.Othersonlinereportthesamesymptoms.Westartto

stronglydisliketheoutsideformsofsocializing.It'slikeattendinganA.A.

meetinginabarwitheveryoneholdingahalf-sippeddrink.Wehavebecome

theNetopponents'worstnightmare.

Whatfirstseemedlikealuxury,crawlingfrombedtocomputer,not

worryingabouthair,andclothesandface,hasbecomeanavoidance,alackof

discipline.Andonceyoustartreplacingrealhumancontactwith

cyber-interaction（網(wǎng)上交流），comingbackoutofthecavecanbequitedifficult.

Attimes,Iturnonthetelevisionandjustleaveittochatterinthe

background,somethingthatI'dneverdonepreviously.Thevoicesofthe

programssoothe（安慰）me,butthenI'mjarred（使感不快）bythecommercials.

Ifindmyselfsuckedinbysoapoperas,orcompulsively（強(qiáng)制性地）needingto

keepupwiththelatestnewsandtheweather."Dateline,“"Frontline,”

“Nightline,“CNN,everypossibleangleofeverystoryoverandoverandover,

evenwhentheyareofnopossibleusetome.Workmoversfromforegroundto

background.

36Comparedwiththeclearwordsofherboyfriendonscreen,his

accentis

Aobscure.

Bdistinct.

Cunreal.

Dmisleading.

37Thepassageimpliesthatthewriterandherboyfriendlivein

AEngland.

Bdifferentcountries.

Cthesamecity.

Dthesamecountry.

38Livingaloneinahouse,thewriterseemsto

Ahavetotallyforgottenherwork.

Bbeafraidofherneighbors.

CgetsomecomfortfromTVprograms.

Dhavegonecrazy.

39Welearnfromthepassagethatthewriter

AisfedupwiththeNetopponents.

Bpreferspeopletothecomputer.

Cisaddictedtothecomputer.

Ddoesnotlikehumancontact.

40Thephrase"comingbackoutofthecave"inthefifthparagraphmeans

A"comingbackhome".

B"givingupthepresentjob".

C"livingaluxuriouslife".

D"restoringrealhumancontact".

第三篇TheBodyClock

WhyisitthatflyingtoNewYorkfromLondonwillleaveyoufeelingless

tiredthanflyingtoLondonfromNewYork?Theanswermaybeaclearcaseof

biologynotbeingabletokeepupwithtechnology.

Deepinsidethebrainthereisa'clock'thatgovernseveryaspectofthe

body'sfunctioning:sleepandwakecycles,levelsofalertness,performance,

mood,hormonelevels,digestion,bodytemperatureandsoon.Itregulatesall

ofthesefunctionsona24-hourbasisandiscalledthebiologicalclock.

Thebodyclockprogrammesustobesleepytwiceaday,between3-5am

andagainbetween3-5pm.Afternoonteaandnapareallculturalresponsesto

ournaturalbiologicalsleepinessintheafternoon.

Oneofthemajorcausesofthetravellers'maladyknownasjetlagisthe

non-alignmentofaperson'sinternalbodyclockwithclocksintheexternal

world.Crossingdifferenttimezonesconfusesthebiologicalclock,whichthen

hastoadjusttothenewtimeandpatternsoflightandactivity.Tomakematters

morecomplex,notallinternalbodyfunctionsadjustatthesamerate.Soyour

sleep/wakemayadjusttoanewtimezoneatonerate,whileyourtemperature

adjustsatadifferentpace.Yourdigestionmaybeonadifferentschedule

altogether.

Thoughweliveina24-hourday,thenaturaltendencyofthebodyclockis

toextendourdaybeyond24hours.Itiscontrarytoourbiologicalprogramming

to'shrink'ourday.

Thatiswhytravelinginawestwarddirectionismorebody-clockfriendly

thanflyingeast.NASAstudiesoflonghaulpilotsshowedthatwestwardtravel

wasassociatedwithsignificantlybettersleepquantityandqualitythan

eastwardflights.

Whenflyingwest,youare'extendingyourday,thustravelinginthenatural

directionofyourinternalclock.Flyingeastwardwillinvolve'shrinking'or

reducingyourdayandisindirectoppositiontoyourinternalclock'snatural

tendency.

Oneofthemorecommoncomplaintsoftravelersisthattheirsleep

becomesdisrupted.Therearemanyreasonsforthis:changingtimezonesand

schedules,changinglightandactivitylevels,tryingtosleepwhenyourbody

clockisprogrammedtobeawake,disruptionoftheinternalbiologicalclock

andworkinglongerhours.

Itisoftensuggestedthatyouadjustyourwatchassoonasyouboarda

plane,supposedlytotrytohelpyouadjusttoyourdestination'sscheduleas

soonasyouarrive.Butitcantakethebodyclockseveraldaystoseveral

weekstofullyadjusttoanewtimezone.

So,ourbodyclocktrulycan'govern'us.

41Theroleofthebodyclockisto

Aenableustosleep6hoursaday.

Bhelpusadapttoa24-hourcycle.

Cregulatethebody'sfunctions.

Dinterferewiththebody'sfunctions.

42Theword"malady"inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto

A"condition".

B"discomfort".

C"injury".

D"excitement".

43Flyinginawestwarddirectionwill

Ahelpyousleepbetter.

Bincreasethedegreeofjetlag.

Cshrinkyourday.

Dmakeyouovereat.

44WhichofthefollowinginNOTmentionedasareasonforthedisrupted

sleepoftravelers?

ACrossingdifferenttimezones.

BChanginglightandactivitylevels.

CWorkinglongerhours.

DWatchingoutoftheplaneforalongtime.

45Itcanbeseenfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat

Ayoucancontrolyourownbodyclock.

Bitisnotdifficulttoadjusttoanewtimezone.

Cadjustingyourwatchcanhelpyouaavoidjetlag.

Dthereisn'tmuchyoucandotoavoidjetlag.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第46—50題，每題2分，共10分）

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的

內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂

在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

RuiningtheRuins

Acidrain(酸雨)isnowafamiliarproblemintheindustrializedcountriesin

Europe.Harmfulgasesareproducedbypowerstationsandcars.They

dissolveinrainwaterandthismakesacidrain,whichdamagestrees,rivers

andstreams.

Acidrainisalsocapableofdissolvingsomerocks.Andbuildingsmadeof

softrock,suchaslimestone(石灰石)，areparticularlybadlyaffected.Theacid

rainattackstherock,andsocarvingsandstatuesareeroded(受腐蝕)more

quickly.

(46)AccordingtoareportintheNewScientist,acidrainis

beingblamedfortherapiddecayofancientruinsinMexico.Theoldlimestone

buildingsinplaceslikeChichenItza,TulumandPalenquearewearingaway

veryquicklyindeed.Thesesitesaretheremainsofthebuildingsbuiltbythe

Mayasbetween250BCandAD900,andthespectacularruinsofMayan

civilizationarevisitedbythousandsoftouristseveryyear.

Butthoseruinsareindangerofbeingseriouslydamagedbypollution.At

manysitesthestonehasbeencoveredwithalayerofblacksubstance.

_____________(47).

Scientistsestimatethataboutonemillimeterofstoneiswornawayevery

twelveyears.(48)Theacidrainissaidtobecausedby

pollutionfromoilwellsintheGulfofMexico.Carexhaustgasesarealsoa

problem.Localvolcaniceruptionsmaketheproblemevenworse.

Nevertheless,withenoughmoneyandeffort,researcherssaythatmanyofthe

problemscouldbesolvedandtherateoferosionreduced.(49).

Mexico'scurrentlackoffundsisalsopartlyduetooil.Thecountryhasrich

oilfieldsandafewyearsago,whenoilwasexpensive,Mexicowasselling

largequantitiesofoiltotheUSAandearningalotofmoney.(50)

However,thepriceofoilthendropped,andMexicohasbeenleftowing

enormoussumsofmoneyandwithnotenoughincomefromoilsalestopay

backtheloans.Sounlessthepriceofoilrises,itisunlikelythatMexicowillbe

abletoaffordtocleanupthepollutionandsaveitsMayanruinsfrom

destruction.

AAtothersthepaintedsurfacesinsidetemplesareliftingandflakingoff()

andthestoneisbeingeatenaway.

BThatisenoughtohavecausedsomeoftheancientcarvingsto

becomeseriouslydamagedalready.

CThesemeasureswouldreducethepollution,butwouldnotstopit

completely.

DThegovernmentwasthereforeabletoborrowhugesumsofmoney

frombanksaroundtheworld,thinkingtheywouldhavenoproblemrepaying

theirdebts.

ETheproblem,however,isnotjustaEuropeanone.

FHowever,theMexicangovernmentdoesnothaveenoughmoneytodo

thework,andneedstospendwhatmoneyithasontheMexicanpeople.

第6部分：完形填空(第51—65題，每題1分，共15分)

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短

文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

ScienceandTruth

"FINAGLE"。isnotawordthatmostpeopleassociatewithscience.One

reasonisthattheimageofthescientistisofonewhoalways(51)

datainanimpartial()searchfortruth.Inanydebate-

(52)intelligence,schooling,energy-thephrase"sciencesays"usuallydisarms

opposition.

Butscientistshavelongacknowledgedtheexistenceofa"finaglefactor"-

atendencybymanyscientiststogiveahelpfulchangetothedatato

(53)desiredresults.Thelatestofthefinaglefactorinaction

comesfromStephenJayGould,aHarvardbiologist,whohas

(54)theimportant19thcenturyworkofDr.SamuelGeorgeMorton.Morton

wasfamousinhistimeforanalyzingthebrain(55)oftheskulls

asameasureofintelligence.Heconcludedthatwhiteshadthelargestbrains,

thatthebrainsofIndia