教師資格考試(初中)英語學(xué)科2016上

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！英語學(xué)科知識與教學(xué)能力試題初級中學(xué))1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分。2.請按規(guī)定在答題卡上填涂、作答。在試卷上作答無效，不予評分。一、單項(xiàng)選擇題本大題共30小題，每小題2分，共60分)在每小題列出的四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案。請用28鉛筆把答題卡上答案字母按要求涂黑。錯(cuò)選、多選或未選均無分。1.Walnuttrees__________environmentstressessuchasdroughtbyproducingsignificantamountsofasubstancesimilartoaspirin.A.turnto2.Johnfeltgreat__________abouthisupcomingtriptoSidney;indeed,hecouldhardlycontainhisenthusiasm.3.Theprofessor'sclassroommannerwasquite__________，neverrevealingthewarmthandplayfulnesssheshowedinprivate.B.amiableC.formalD.cheerful4.Againas__________inthisexperiment,hedidn'tloseheart.A.hefailedB.didhefailC.hedidfailD.hadhefailed5.Taiwanlies_________theeastofFujianandislargerthan_________islandinChina.6,Johnsonisamanofgreatexperience,_________muchcanbelearned.A.forwhom7.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectsentencestressinnormalcases?A.His'brotherismy'bestMend.B.They'helpone'anotherintheirwork.C.Theyhave'beeninthe'countrysiderecently.D.She'thoughtherself'better'than'anyoneelse.8.Thephrase"_________"exemplifiestheincompleteplosionatthejunctionofwords.C.deliciouscherryD.beautifuljacket9.Thesynonymouspair"_________"differindegreeofformality.A.passawayandpopoffB.accuseandchargeC.poisonandjailD.tapandfaucet10.Whenusingtheimperative"Turnitoff"togiveanorder,thespeakerhighlightsthe_________oftheutterance.11.Fluentandappropriatelanguageuserequiresknowledgeof_________andthissuggeststhatweshouldteachlexicalchunksratherthansinglewords.12."Underliningallthepastformverbsinthedialogue"isatypicalexercisefocusingon_________.C.meaningD.function13.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesmaybemoreappropriatetohelpstudentspracticeanewstructureimmediatelyafterpresentationinclass?A.Roleplay.D.Writtenhomework.14.Whenteachingstudentshowtogiveappropriateresponsestoacongratulationoranapology,theteacherisprobablyteachingat_________.A.lexicallevel15.Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanhelpdeveloptheskilloflisteningforgist?16.WhenanEFLteacheraskshisstudent"Howdoyouknowthattheauthorlikedtheplacesincehedidnottellusexplicitly?",he/sheishelpingstudentstoreach_________comprehension.A.literal17.Whichofthefollowingtypesofquestionsaremostlyusedforcheckingliteralcomprehensionofthetest?18.Whichofthefollowingisatypicalfeatureofinformalwriting?A.Awell-organizedstructureispreferred.B.Shortandincompletesentencesarecommon.C.Technicaltermsanddefinitionsarerequired.D.Awiderangeofvocabularyandstructuralpatternsareused.19.Peer-editingduringclassisanimportantstepofthe_________approachtoteachingwriting.Santere,NewMexicomultimillionaireFortestFennhasalwayslovedagoodadventure.Asasmallchildbeforeeight,heandhisbrother,SkippyspentsummervacationsmakingexplorationinYellowstoneNationalPark.Asateen,FennidolizedthedecoratedWorldWarIIfighterpilot,calledRobinOldsandlatteremulatedhisheroduringTheVietnamWarasanAirfighterpilottogotoNewMexicoandsettledthereasanartsandantiquesdealer,huntingdownvaluablepaintings,rugs,warmemorabilia,andotherantiquetosell.In1998,Fennwasdiagnosedwithterminalkidneycancer.Ashehadalwaysbeendoing,heconceivedagrandadventuredthatheassumedwouldbehislastone."Iwantedtocreatesomeexcitement,somehope,beforeIdied,"saysFenn,82,addingthathealsowantedto"getkidsoutofthegameroomandoffthecouch."Withthoseideasinhismind,hestartedtodeviseatreasurehunt.Littlebylittle,Fennbeganstockingasmallbronzechestwithgoldcoins,prehistoricbraceletsandothervaluablethings.Whenhiscancerwentintoremissionin1993,hedecidedhewouldcarryouthisplananyway.In2010,FenntoppedoffthechestwithjewelsandvaluablestonesandhiditsomewheredeepintheRockyMountains,northofSanteFe.Laterthatyear,hewroteapoemforhisself-publishedmemoir,TheThrilloftheChase.Itcontainedninecluesaboutthetreasurebox'swhereabouts.Onestanzareadslikethis:Beginitwherewarmwatershalt/Andtakeitinthecanyondown/Notfar,buttoofartowalk/PutinbelowthehomeofBrown.Afewmonthslater,astoryaboutthetreasureappearedinamagazine.Sincethen,Fennhasreceivedthousandsofe-mailsfromtreasurehunters.Somerequestmorecluestothebox.Butmostly"peoplethankedmeforbringingtheirfamilytogether,"hesayswithaself-comfortingsmileonhisface.InApril,FenntoldacrowdatanAlbuquerquebookstorethattwogroupsoftreasurehuntershadgottenwithin500feetofthechest."Theywalkedrightbyit,"hesaid.Fennisconfidentthatthetreasurewillbeunearthedeventuallyandsaysi_twilltaketherightcombinationofcunningandperseverance."Itwillbediscoveredbysomeonewhohasreadthecluescarefullyandsuccessfully.Butnobodyisgoingtohappenuponit,"hepredicts.Hehopesthatwhoeverfindsthelootwillrelishtherichesandtheadventureoffindingthem.21。WhowasafighterpilotduringtheVietnamWaraccordingtothepassage?22.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase"toppedoff"inPARAGRAPHFIVE?A.Filled.D.Decorated.23.WhydidFenndesignatreasurehuntafterhewasdiagnosedwithcancer?A.Heenjoyedadventuresandcouldn'thelpdoingit.B.Hewantedtohelphimselfandgame-andtelly-addictedkids.C.Hewantedtogetthekidsoutofthegameroomtoplaywithhim.D.Hethoughtitcouldbringhimhope,excitementandalongerlife.24.WhatdidFennenjoymostfromtreasurehuntersaccordingtothepassage?A.Theirrequestsaboutmoreclues.B.Theirtremendousinterestinthegame.C.Theirnewsaboutgettingtheirfamilycloser.D.Theirnumerousemailsabouttheirperseverance.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastbuttwoparagraphreferto?A.Theriches.TheAncientGreekphilosopherPythagorasisbestknowntodayforhismathematicaltheorem,whichhauntsthedreamsofmanygeometrystudents,butforcenturieshewasalsocelebratedasthefatherofvegetarianism.Ameatlessdietwasreferredtoasa"Pythagoreandiet"foryears,upuntilthemodemvegetarianmovementbeganinthemid-1800s.WhilePythagoraswasanearlyproponentofameatlessdiet,humanshavebeenvegetarianssincewellbeforerecordedhistory.Mostanthropologistsagreethatearlyhumanswouldhaveeatenapredominantlyplant-baseddiet;afterallplantscantrunaway.Additionally，ourdigestivesystemsresemblethoseofherbivorescloserthancamivorousanimals.Prehistoricmanateofcoursebutplantsformedthebasisofhisdiet.Pythagorasandhismanyfollowerspracticedvegetarianismforseveralreasons，mainlyduetoreligiousandethicalobjections.Pythagorasbelievedalllivingbeingshadsouls.Animalswerenoexception，SOmeatandfishwerebanishedfromhistable.Strangelyhealsobanishedavegetablethathasaplaceofhonoronmostvegetarianmenustodaythehumblebean.Hisfollowerswereforbiddentoeatoreventouch，becausehethoughtbeansandhumanswerecreatedfromthesamematerial.Favabeanswereespeciallyastheyhavehollowsteamsthatcouldallowthesoulsofthedeadtotravelupfromthesoilintothegrowingbeans.Whiletheedictagainstbeanswasliftednotlongafter’death，hisfollowerscontinuedtoeatameatlessdiet.Hisprinciplesinfluencedgenerationsofacademicsandreligiousthinkers，anditwasagroupoftheselike-mindedindividualswhofoundedtheVegetarianSocietyinEnglishinthemid-1800s.Thevirtuesoftemperanceabstinenceandself.controlwerealltiedtovegetarianIdealswhilelust，drunkennessandgeneralhooliganismallresultedfromadiettoorichinmeatproducts.NotableearlyvegetariansincludedLeoTolstoy，GeorgeBernardShaw，MahatmaGandhiandAmericanBronsonAlcott，aTranscendentalist，reformerandthefatherof“Liale”authorLouisaMayAlcott.It’tuntilthe1960sthatvegetarianismmovedintomainstreamAmericanlifeandthemovementsgrowthpickedupspeedinthel970swhenayounggraduatestudentnamedFrancisMooreLappewroteabookcalledDietforaSmallPlanet.Init，sheadvocatedameatlessdietnotforethicalormoralreasonsbutbecauseplant-basedfoodshavemuchlessimpactontheenvironmentthanmeatdoes.Today，manyvegetariansrefusemeatbecauseofanimalrightsissues，orconcernsoveranimaltreatmentaprinciplefirstespousedinPeterSingers1975workAnimalLiberation.26.Whichofthefollowingstatementsfailstobeinferredfromthepassage?A.AmeatlessdietwassupportedandpracticedbyPythagoras.B.Afterhisdeath,Pythagoras'followerscontinuedtoeatbeans.C.Pythagorasinfluencedalotofpeoplewhochosenottoeatmeat.D.Pythagorasrefusedtoeatanymeatforreligiousandethicalreasons.27.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinPARAGRAPHTHREE?28.Whatissuewerevegetariansinthemid-1800sinEnglandprimaryreasonwithwhenrefusingtoeatmeat?A.Environmentalprotection.B.Animalrights.C.Religiousbelief.D.Moralpurity.29.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Pythagorasmadeagreatcontributingtobiology.B.Pythagorasthoughtbeans,likehumans,hadsouls.C.FrancisMooreLappeisacontemporaryvegetarian.D.BothBronsonAlcottandhisdaughterwerevegetarians.30.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHistoryofVegetarianism根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。31.舉教師了解學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)情況的三種途徑，以便及時(shí)給予反饋。三、教學(xué)情境分析題本大題1小題，30分)根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。32.下面是某初中課堂教學(xué)片段。T:(referringtoapicture)whereisJohn,LiLei?S1:HehasgonetoShanghai.T:Howmanytimeshasshebeentothelibraryaweek?教師采用了何種教學(xué)方法?(5分)根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。33.設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)20分鐘的英語閱讀教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)，該方案沒有固定的格式.但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：(八年級學(xué)生，班級人數(shù)40人，多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版》三級水平。學(xué)生課堂積極性一般。Ifyougotoafastfoodrestaurantorasnakebar,youwillprobablyseealotofteenagers.Today,manyteenagersareoverweight,andsomeofthisisbecauseoftheirbadeatinghabits.Mostteenagerslovefoodwithalotoffat,oil,andsugar.Peopleoftencallthistypeoffood"junkfood".Butfoodeatinghabitsgobeyondfastfood.Manyteenagersfinditdifficulttoeathealthy.Somedon'thavebreakfastbeforetheygotoschool.Duringtheday,somedon'thaveapropermealforlunch.Inarecentsurveyatoneschool,scientistsfoundthatovertwo-thirdsofthestudentsdidn'tfollowahealthydiet.Nearlyhalfofthestudentsdidn'tlikevegetables,andmanyofthemdon'tliketoeatfruits.Theypreferredtoeatfoodwithalotofsalt,sugar,orfat.Parentstodayalsoworryabouttheirchildren'sdiet.Somedoctorsgivethefollowingadvice:·Teenagersshouldn'teattoomuchjunkfood.·Teenagersshouldn'teatfoodwithtoomuchsalt.Saltcancausehighbloodpressureinthefuture.·Teenagersshouldeatfoodwithlessfat,oil,andsugar.·Teenagersneedtoeatsomefruitandvegetableseveryday.Fruitandvegetablesarerichinvitaminsandhavelittlefat.·Teenagersneedtodrinkmoremilk.Milkwillhelptheirbonesgrow.·Teenagersneedtoeatbreakfasteveryday.Thisisgoodfortheirbodyandmind.1.。解析：考查動詞短語辨析。turnto“轉(zhuǎn)向;變成;求助于致力于;開始行動”，confirmto“證實(shí)”，contributeto“有助于”，respondto“對??反應(yīng)”。句意為“面對來自環(huán)境的壓力，例如干旱，胡桃樹會釋放大量類似阿司匹林的物質(zhì)”。D項(xiàng)最符合句意。。解析：考查名詞辨析。句意為“對于即將到來的西德尼旅行，John感到________，他幾乎不能控制自己的熱情”。unrest“不安”，uncertainty“興奮”。根據(jù)句意，John無法控制自己的熱情，可知應(yīng)該是對旅行感到興奮。。解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意為“教授的授課風(fēng)格非常，從沒livelyamiableformalcheerful“快樂的;愉快的;格是非常正式的。故選C。4.【答案】。解析：考查讓步狀語從句。as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前。但需注意：①句首名詞賓語和狀語，與實(shí)義動詞一起放在主語之前。句意為“在這次實(shí)驗(yàn)中，他又一次失敗了，但是他從未失去信心”。故選。5.【答案】C。解析：考查介詞和不定代詞。in表示“在??范圍內(nèi)，在??;on表示“與??毗鄰，接壤，在??之上”，強(qiáng)調(diào)和表面接觸;to表示方位，不接壤。第一個(gè)空應(yīng)表示不接壤，要用to。第二個(gè)空anyother意為“其他任何一個(gè)”，即同一范圍內(nèi)一個(gè)與去其他剩余的相比較。臺灣屬于中國的范圍，故選anyother。而any意為“任何一個(gè)”。故選C。6.【答案】amallfromthemanmuchCanbelearned，因此所填關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)指人。并且在從句中作from的賓語，因此只能是whom。故選。7.【答案】。解析：考查句子重讀規(guī)則。在英語連貫的說話和朗讀中，有子中需重讀的詞都是實(shí)詞，比如.名詞、動詞除be動詞和助動詞外)、形容詞、副詞、指示代詞等;不重讀的多為虛詞，比如，冠詞、連詞、介詞、人稱代詞、義和作用有密切的關(guān)系。CDB項(xiàng)oneanother是相互代詞，C項(xiàng)been是be動詞的過去分詞形式，D項(xiàng)than是介詞。故選。只作部分爆破。方法是：對于前一個(gè)爆破音，作好發(fā)音的姿勢，剛發(fā)出時(shí)，立即過渡到第二個(gè)摩擦音或破擦音上去。第一個(gè)爆破音發(fā)出的聲音是非常輕微的，有時(shí)甚至聽不出來。這種現(xiàn)象叫作不完全爆破。備注：此題干中四個(gè)選項(xiàng)設(shè)置不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，按照不完全爆破的發(fā)音規(guī)律，此題B兩項(xiàng)都符合題意，大家通過本題掌握“不完全爆破”的發(fā)音規(guī)律即可。)9.【答案】。解析：考查語義學(xué)中的涵義關(guān)系。英語同義詞有著共同的基有關(guān)系，還與由語境不同而產(chǎn)生的各種語言文體有著不可分割的關(guān)系。在文體(styJe)或正式程度(formality)方面不同的同義詞稱為文體同義詞(stylisticsynonyms)。例如，英語中表示“死”的方式有kickthePopoff,diepass，decease等。這里的passaway是一種委婉的表達(dá)方式，屬于正式語體;而Popoff相對比較直接，多指突然死亡，常用于口語中。B項(xiàng)accuse和charge在介詞搭配上不同.它們是搭配同義詞(collocationalsynonyms);C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)均屬于地域同義詞(regionalsynonyms)，一個(gè)是英式表達(dá)，一個(gè)是美式表達(dá)。故選。。解析：考查言語行為理論。根據(jù)奧斯汀言語行為理論，說話(locufionary是說出詞、短語和分句的行為，它是通過句法、詞匯和音位來表達(dá)字面意義的行為。言外行為(illoeutionaryact，又稱行事行為是表達(dá)說話者的意圖的行為，它是在(pedocutionaryact，又稱取效行為是通過某大類是：闡述類(representatives)、指令類(directives)、承諾類(commissives)、表達(dá)類(expressives)(declarations)。例如，說話人說出“Turnitoff”，試圖使聽話者做某事，就屬于指令類言外行為。故選。。解析：考查詞匯教學(xué)。從傳統(tǒng)的詞匯學(xué)角度來講，詞義包括概念意義(denotative和關(guān)聯(lián)意義(connotativemeaning)。概念意義指的是詞匯的字面意義，而關(guān)聯(lián)意義指的是詞匯的引申意義，通常會附加情感在其中。詞是應(yīng)該注意搭配.例如decreasedecreaseby可以判斷出流利準(zhǔn)確的語言要求具備搭配知識.故選。。解析：考查語法教學(xué)。題干的意思是“標(biāo)出對話中所有的過去式”是一種注重什么的典型練習(xí)。過去式屬于語法教學(xué)內(nèi)容中的語言的形式，故選。C。解析：考查語法教學(xué)。題干的意思是下列哪個(gè)活動更適合幫助學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)后立即練習(xí)新的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。A項(xiàng)是角色扮演，B項(xiàng)是小組討論，C項(xiàng)是句型練習(xí)，D教學(xué)模型的練習(xí)部分，、B兩項(xiàng)可以放在產(chǎn)出部分，故選C。。解析：考查語篇教學(xué)。題干的意思是當(dāng)教給學(xué)生如何對祝賀和道歉進(jìn)行合適的回應(yīng)時(shí)，老師可以以下哪個(gè)層次進(jìn)行教學(xué)。A項(xiàng)是詞匯層次，B項(xiàng)是句式層次，C項(xiàng)是語法層次，D項(xiàng)是話語語篇層次。祝賀和道歉屬于交流，是語言功能的運(yùn)用，通過話語層次教學(xué)，可以有利于學(xué)生經(jīng)歷真實(shí)語境，提高語言運(yùn)用的準(zhǔn)確性。故選。。解析：考查聽力教學(xué)。題干的意思是下列哪項(xiàng)活動可以幫助A項(xiàng)“聽文章找出吉姆住在哪里”，B項(xiàng)“聽文章選C項(xiàng)“聽文章畫出說話者強(qiáng)調(diào)的單詞”，D項(xiàng)。聽詞，判斷兩個(gè)詞是否一致”。選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)是對文章大意的把握，其他為細(xì)節(jié)題。C。解析：考查閱讀教學(xué)。題干的意思是外語教師問學(xué)生“A項(xiàng)“字面閱讀”，B項(xiàng)“評價(jià)性閱讀”，C項(xiàng)“推斷性閱讀”.D項(xiàng)“欣賞性閱讀”，故選C。。解析：考查課堂提問的形式。題干意思是下列哪種類型的問題(displayquestions)、參考性問題(referentialquestions)和評估性問題(evaluationquestions)。其中，展示性問題通常被用來檢測學(xué)生對課文內(nèi)容的理解程度，就課文中的字詞句或者某個(gè)重要的細(xì)節(jié)向?qū)W生發(fā)問。這種問題的答案通常是唯一的，教師預(yù)先知道，學(xué)生只需憑借表層理解或是查找課文便能找到的。故選。。解析：考查寫作類型。題干意思是下列哪項(xiàng)是非正式寫作的ABC項(xiàng)“需要使用專業(yè)詞匯”，D項(xiàng)“使用大量不同的詞匯和句式”，、C、D三項(xiàng)是正式寫作文體的特點(diǎn)，故選。C。解析：考查寫作教學(xué)。題干意思是課堂上同桌互改的活動對自改和互改、校對和討論是其過程的重要組成部分，故選C。。解析：考查評價(jià)方式。題干意思是作品集、每日報(bào)告以及演講是以下哪個(gè)的典型方法。A項(xiàng)是常模參照測試，主要用于選拔;B項(xiàng)是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參考測試，按照預(yù)先設(shè)計(jì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對考試結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較;C項(xiàng)是終結(jié)性評價(jià)，一般在學(xué)期或?qū)W年結(jié)束后進(jìn)行，如期末考試、結(jié)業(yè)考試等;D項(xiàng)是形成性評價(jià)，是對。。解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。此題是問：根據(jù)文章可知，誰是越南戰(zhàn)爭中?根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞VietnamWarFortestFenn從小就崇拜二戰(zhàn)中的空軍飛行員Robinolds期間當(dāng)了空軍飛行員。故越南戰(zhàn)爭中的飛行員就是Fortest。22.【答案】。解析：詞義題。此題是問：與文中第五段畫線短語topoff意思最接近的是哪一個(gè)?Fenn想讓人們尋寶，可見他應(yīng)該是在盒子中裝滿了珠寶首飾，故可推知fill更合適，fill(sth.)wim(sth.)“使充滿，裝滿，注滿，填滿”。23.【答案】。解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。此題是問：為什么Fenn在被診斷為癌癥之后設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)尋寶計(jì)劃?根據(jù)diagnosedwithcancer可定位到文章第三段，可知，F(xiàn)enn設(shè)計(jì)尋寶活動是為了在自己臨死之前尋找創(chuàng)造一些刺激和希望，并且希望孩子們離開游戲室，多進(jìn)行戶外活動。24.【答案】C。解析：推斷題。此題是問：根據(jù)文章可知，尋寶者給Fenn帶來的最大的樂趣是什么?Fenn收到很多來信，有些是問尋寶線索，但是更多人是來感謝他使自己的家人更加親近的。說到此時(shí)，F(xiàn)enn的樂趣最大。25.【答案】。解析：指代題。此題是問：文章中畫線的it指代的是什么?定位畫線it所在句子，“FennisconfidentthatthetreasurewillbeunearthedeventuallyandsaysitwilltaketherightcombinationofcunningandpGH'severance."it指的是寶物發(fā)現(xiàn)。Passage2。解析：推斷題。此題是問：以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)不能從文章中推斷?APythagorasPythagoras是素食主義之父，故A項(xiàng)正確;根據(jù)第三段可知Pythagoras生前認(rèn)為豆子和人類WhiletheedictagainstbeansWasliftednotlongafterPythagoras’death。hisfollowerscontinuedtoeatameatlessdiet.”盡管在Pythagoras死后，不吃豆子這一點(diǎn)沒有堅(jiān)持太久，但是他的追隨者仍然堅(jiān)持不吃肉，由此推斷不出來B選項(xiàng);根據(jù)第四段第二句可知Pythagoras影響了幾代的學(xué)者、思想家及個(gè)人可知C選項(xiàng)正確：根據(jù)第三段第一句可知Pythagoras和他的追隨者堅(jiān)持實(shí)踐素食主義主要是出于宗教和道德目的，故D項(xiàng)正確。所以該題選。C。解析：詞義題。此題是問：以下哪個(gè)單詞和第三段畫線詞意?此題可采用一一帶入的方法，根據(jù)語境，文中并未提到這種豆子是邪惡的、美味的或臭名昭著的，且humble本身有“謙虛的：低下的”的意思，故plain為本題答案。28.【答案】。解析：推斷題。此題是問：mid-1800s的英國素食主義者拒絕吃肉主要是為了以下哪一點(diǎn)?根據(jù)mid-1800s定位至第四段第三句，可知素食。29.【答案】C。解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。此題是問：根據(jù)文章，哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的?根據(jù)第一段可知，Pythagoras對數(shù)學(xué)和素食主義有貢獻(xiàn)，故A選項(xiàng)說法不正確;根據(jù)第三段可知Pythagoras不吃豆子是因?yàn)樗X得豆子和人類的構(gòu)成物質(zhì)是一B說法錯(cuò)誤;1960s在1970s，那時(shí)一個(gè)叫FrancisMooreLappe的人寫了DietforaSmallPlanet一書，并提倡素食主義，指出不吃肉的原因是為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，根據(jù)時(shí)間可知FrancisMooreLappe是當(dāng)代素食主義者，故C說法正確。文中并未提及BronsonAlcott的女兒，故D說法錯(cuò)誤。30.【答案】。解析：主旨題。此題是問：文章的最合適的題目是什么?文肉的原因，故A選項(xiàng)“素食主義發(fā)展史”為文章的題目。教學(xué)反饋的類型：口頭反饋與書面反饋。口頭反饋指對學(xué)生的口頭活動、某些書面作業(yè)或者測試提供的信息?？陬^反饋的方法有①教師直接改錯(cuò)。②啟發(fā)學(xué)生自己改錯(cuò)。教師不應(yīng)該像監(jiān)控器一樣監(jiān)控學(xué)生的語言輸出。③啟發(fā)學(xué)生互相改錯(cuò)?；ハ喔腻e(cuò)可以提高學(xué)生對錯(cuò)誤的敏感性.逐漸減少學(xué)生對教師的依賴。書面反饋一般用于課后對學(xué)生作業(yè)或者測試提供的書面評價(jià)符號或者是評語言活動所做的評價(jià)性記錄。例如計(jì)分法、畫“正字”法、插紅旗或送紅花法，異。了解學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)情況的三種途徑：①課堂提問：課堂提問可以引起學(xué)生注意，提示學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)，鞏固課堂教學(xué)，獲取教學(xué)反饋，加強(qiáng)師生交流。②測試：測試包括口試和筆試?？谠嚥粌H要考查學(xué)生的語音、語調(diào)、表達(dá)的進(jìn)行綜合評價(jià)。筆試包括聽力、閱讀理解、書面表達(dá)和語言知識考查等，可以檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生的基本英語水平。③調(diào)查表：主要用于在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)某一單元、某一課之前所進(jìn)行的簡短調(diào)查。以幫助教師及時(shí)調(diào)整教學(xué)進(jìn)度和教學(xué)策略。本教學(xué)片段目標(biāo)如下：知識目標(biāo)：學(xué)生熟練練習(xí)如何使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，能夠聽懂提問Howmanytimeshashe/shebeento?并運(yùn)用He/Shehasgoneto/been?進(jìn)行應(yīng)答。能力目標(biāo)：通過師生問答，學(xué)生能夠提高語言思維能力和初步運(yùn)用英語交際的能力，并能夠在相似的生活情境中運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言，達(dá)到交流目的。情感目標(biāo)：通過師生問答.學(xué)生能夠了解和關(guān)心他人。教師采用了情景教學(xué)法。在課堂中，教師通過展示圖片，將情景引入，引起學(xué)生一定的體驗(yàn)，幫助學(xué)生理解句式并在情景中進(jìn)行操練，達(dá)到教學(xué)目標(biāo)。①情景教學(xué)以其直觀性、趣味性、生動性，激發(fā)了學(xué)生的參與和學(xué)習(xí)欲望。③針對性強(qiáng)。這種方式更有利于教師發(fā)現(xiàn)教學(xué)中存在的問題，及時(shí)掌握教學(xué)效果，并對教學(xué)內(nèi)容做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整.提高效率。④時(shí)效性強(qiáng)。這種教學(xué)法需要不斷更新教學(xué)內(nèi)容，克服了傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)模式下內(nèi)內(nèi)容的時(shí)效性更強(qiáng)。②過于重視語言形式，忽視交際能力的培養(yǎng)。③過分強(qiáng)調(diào)目的語結(jié)構(gòu)的機(jī)械訓(xùn)練和語音的準(zhǔn)確性，對語義關(guān)注不足。學(xué)生語言交際的實(shí)際需要。所學(xué)句式，進(jìn)行問答練習(xí)，來提高學(xué)生實(shí)際語言交際能力。Thepassagetellsusthatmanyteenagerswhoareoverweighthavethebadeatinghabits,sothatthedoctorsgivesomeadviceabouttheirdiet.①Studentscanmasterthemainideaofthispassageandknowtheadvantagesofthehealthyeatinghabits..②Studentscanunderstandthemeaningandusageofthenewwordsandexpressions,suchasjunkfood,overweight,nearly,toomuchandbegoodfor.Studentscanimprovetheirreadingandcommunicatingabilitiesthroughclassactivities.(3)Emotionalobjectives.②Studentscancooperatewithothersactively,andimprovetheirconfidenceofspeakingEnglish.①Studentscanmakeuseofthenewwordsandexpressions,suchasjunkfood,overweight,nearly,toomuchandbegoodfor.②Studentscancomprehendthemainideaofthepassage.(2)Teachingd