-高二英語(yǔ)寒假提升天天練之閱讀理解Day15七選五閱讀含解析

Day15七選五閱讀AWheredidyourfamilyeatdinnerlastnight?Inthecaronthewaytosport?AtMcDonald’s?Oratthedinnertable?Asurveytakenafewyearsagofoundthat28%familiesatedinnertogetherathomesevennightsaweek.Anotherquartersaidtheyatetogetherthreeorfewernightsaweek.Onceuponatimethesituationwasdifferent.____1____Plates,forksandspoonswouldbelaidout.Asdinnertimeapproached,anincreasingnumberofhungrymouthswouldbegintoappearwiththequestion,“What’sfordinner”?__2___Thedataseemstopointtotwomainissues:overworkedparentsandover-scheduledchildren.Whenmumordaddogethomeintheevening,theyaresooninthecaragaintosendthechildrentosoccer,music,tutoring,andahostofotherevents.Thisnightlyceremonyaroundthedinnertableisbothvitalandfruitful;itiswhatkeepsafamilytogether.Sure,theconversationisnotalwayssignificantandchildrenargue.Andsometimesthedeepestandmostmeaningfultimesinafamilyarenotatthetableatall.____3____Thedinnertableistheplacewhereafamilybuildsanidentity.Storiesarepasseddown,jokesareexchangedandthewiderworldisexaminedthroughthelens（鏡頭）ofafamily’svalues.Childrenpickupvocabularyandasenseofhowconversationisstructured.___4___

Dinnertimeis“familytime”.Comingbackdailytothesameplacehelpsgainfamiliarity.Thesignificanceofdinnertimeismorethanabove.Studiesshowthatthemorefamilieseattogether,thelesslikelythechildrenaretosmoke,drink,getdepressed,anddevelopeatingdisorders,andthemorelikelytheyaretodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize.OneprofessoratRutgersUniversityinNewJerseystated,“Amealisaboutcivilizingchildren.____5____”Sostartbyplanningsomestayathomefamilydinnerstogether.Justfamilytalk.A.It’satimetoteachthemtobeamemberoftheirculture.B.Eachnightthediningtablewouldbesetwithasimplecloth.C.Whynotcutbackonafewactivitiesandhavedinnerwithyourfamily?D.Whataccountsforthisdeclineinfamilieseatingtogethertodaythough?E.Theyalsolearngoodtablemanners,somethingthatwillbenefitthemforlife.F.Itwasimportantforchildrenandparentstositdowntogetherandgettoknoweachother.G.However,thereisstillsomethinguniqueaboutthetimeafamilyspendsaroundthedinnertable.BHistoryofBroadwayWhenpeoplethinkofBroadway,theymaythinkofthatpartoftheworld-famousroadinNewYorkCitythatrunsbetween42ndand53rdStreets.____1____Itisabillion-dollarindustrythatincludestheatricalshowsinNewYorkandlivetheaterentertainmentthroughouttheworld.NewYork'sTheatreDistricthasonly39officialBroadwayhouses.Aplayhousemusthave500ormoreseatstobeconsideredaBroadwaytheater.____2____NotallBroadwaytheatresarelocatedonBroadway.Inthelate1700sandearly1800s,buildingsonWallStreetandplacessuchasCityHallmayhaveservedassmallertheaters,andotherlocationsindowntownNewYorkCityalsodid.Today’sBroadwaystartedwheninfluentialfamiliescontributeddevelopmentoflargertheatersawayfromthedowntownarea.Somepeoplemayhavedoubtedthesetheaterswouldbesuccessful,buttheyturnedouttobe.____3____Withtheriseofthenewtheaterdistrict,downtownchangedforeveraspeoplehappilytraveledtotheoutskirts(郊區(qū))ofthecitytoseethebestinliveentertainment.Whenthesetheatersbegan,manyactorscamefromEuropeancountries.In1857actorEdwinBoothhelpedtransformtheBroadwaytheatrebypopularizingatypeofactingrealism.Unlikeactorsbeforehim,Boothdidnotstandstillonthestageandsimplydeliverhislines._____4_____Booth'sstylehadanotableeffectonthetheater,andmanyconsideredhimtobethegreatestactorofhistime._____5_____Specifically,comediesanddramasoftencentredonthen-currenteventssuchaswomen'srighttovote,theLaborMovement,andwar.Broadwaydevelopedagainin1866,andtheBroadwaymusicalwascreated.Fromthenon,actorsentertainedtheiraudiencesbysinginganddancingaccompaniedbyanorchestra.Now,Broadwayisfamousforvarioustheatreproductionsandmovingperformances.A.Infact,theshowshavebroughtitfamethroughouttheworld.B.However,Broadwayismuchmorethanageographicallocation.C.Theatres,holding100to499people,arecalledOff-Broadwaytheatres.D.Instead,helikedmovingaroundandshowinggreatemotionwhileacting.E.Playsfollowedapopularstylethatencouragedtypicalcharactersandplots.F.Asthisnewstylegrewinpopularity,thecontentoftheshowsbegantochange.G.MadisonSquareTheater,builtbytheMalloryfamilyin1880,wasoneofthem.CCasualDressintheWorkplaceForRuth,anemployeeataninsurancecompany,Fridayisn’tjustanotherworkday.Itisthedaywhenshecanwearasweaterandcasualtrousersinsteadofbusinesssuit.____1____“Itisarealtreat.Itputsusingoodmoodandwindstheweekdown.”RuthhasjoinedthousandsofworkersacrosstheUnitedStateswhohappilychangefromjackets,ties,anddressestojeans,poloshirts,andsweatersonFridays.Whydress-downFriday?“Ithinkitgivesanatmosphereoflessformality（正式）,”saysPresidentMatthewofEntexIndustries.Today,dressingcasuallyonthejobisawaytoshowyourcompanyisinstyle.Anothercontributorisfaxes,voicemailandemail,whichhavereducedpubliccontact.____2____However,eventhoughdressingdownispopular,thetrendiscontroversial.Someworkersremainstronglyopposed.“Youhavegotallthetimeintheworldtodressdownwhenyouretire,”declaredonewoman.___3___“WehadsomeveryimportantguestscomeinonaFridayafewmonthsago,”saysanotherworker.“Thesepeopledressedinnavysuits.Ourpeopledressedwaydown.Ithoughtitwasembarrassing.Itsentthewrongmessageaboutourcompany.”Manypeoplefeelthatsuits,tiesanddressesaresuperiortocasualclothesincreatingapositiveprofessionalimage.____4____Someexpertsthinkitwillgoawayoneday.Aslongasthetrendcontinues,though,dressingcasuallycancausealittleconfusionintheworkplace.Businesspeoplearen’tsurewhattowear,andmanypeoplejustputonwhatevertheyfeellikeinthemorning.____5____Theybelievedressingdownatworkisoneofthesignsthatthesocietyisloweringitsstandardsofeverything.CzardasandJohnT.Malloy,authorofDressforSuccess,saypsychologicalchangesoccurwhenpeopledressup.“Thereisnoquestionwhatyouwearaffectswhatyoudo,yourperformance,andyourattitude,”saysMalloy.A.Willthedress-downtrendlast?B.Willdressingcasuallybecomepopular?C.Thecasualdresstrendworriessomefashionprofessionals.D.Itiswhenshefeelsmoreconfidentandgetsreadyfornextpromotion.E.Shelovesthedayawayfromherusualdressysuitsandhigh-heeledshoes.F.Othersworrythatdressingcasuallylowersanemployer’sprofessionalimage.G.Withfewerout-of-the-officemeetings,peoplearedressinglesstoimpressandmoreforcomfort.DKidsneedtomoveinschoolManyyearsago,whenmygirlswereinprimaryschool,theywerecrazyaboutthedancebreakstheywouldoccasionallyhaveduringtheschoolday.Theirteacherswouldputonavideo,whichencouragedthekidstogetupanddance,andthenthey'dgetbacktowork.____1____Manyteachersareincludingsomeformofmovementintotheschoolday.Arecentresearch,publishedinthejournalPediatrics,involvedmorethan10,000childrenbetweentheagesof4and13.____2____SusanKamin,leaderoftheresearch,said,“Activitybreaksduringtheschooldayalsoleadtofewerbehavioralissues,nottomentioncuttingdownonstressandanxiety."BreakthroughMagnetSchoolConnecticut,isinitsthirdyearworkingwiththeNationalAssociationofPhysicalLiteracy.PrincipalJulieGoldsteinsaidherthird-andfourth-graderswhoareactivelyengagedinthephysicalprogrammearethehighest-scoringstudentsinmathandreadinginthedistrict.____3____Forthisschoolyear,notonestudentfromthisgrouphasbeenreferredtoherofficeforaconversation.Beforetheprogramme,shemighthavehadoneortwoofficecoversationswithsomeofthemeverymonth.___4___“Iknowlotsofteacherswhosay,'Yeah,IwishIhadmoretimetodothis,'”Kaminsaid,“Eveninschoolsthatcanfindthetime,thereisstillsomeopposition(反對(duì))becauseit'sadeparturefromthewaythingsusedtobe.It'sabigchangeforsomeoftheteachers.____5____Yettheschoolsthathavemadethechangeseetremendousresults.Sohowdoyoumovetheneedle?"A.Mykids'teachersarecertainlynotalone.B.They'renotsurewhethertomakethatleap.C.Thechallenge,though,ispersuadingmoreschoolstotakeaction.D.Teachchildrenthebasicsofmovementsothattheycanstayactiveforlife.E.Beyondtheacademical(學(xué)業(yè)的)benefits,therearebenefitsoutsidetheclassroom.F.Itshowsthatkidswhogetextraphysicalactivityinschooldobetterincognitive(認(rèn)知的)performance.答案A【答案解析】1.B

2.D

3.G

4.E

5.A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。你多久沒(méi)和家人一起吃飯了？研究表明，全家共享的晚餐機(jī)會(huì)越多，孩子吸煙、喝酒、抑郁和飲食失調(diào)的可能性就越小，他們?cè)趯W(xué)校表現(xiàn)越好，越了解如何社交?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Onceuponatimethesituationwasdifferent可知，從前與上一段的描述情況不同，每天晚上，家人都會(huì)聚在一起吃飯，此處描寫(xiě)從前的場(chǎng)景：每天晚上，餐桌上都會(huì)鋪上簡(jiǎn)單的桌布，盤(pán)子，刀叉，勺子都會(huì)井然擺開(kāi)。故選B?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上文的以前和現(xiàn)在情況的對(duì)比和下文的回答Thedataseemstopointtotwomainissues:overworkedparentsandoverscheduledchildren.可知，此處應(yīng)為設(shè)問(wèn)句，其問(wèn)題內(nèi)容為“然而，是什么導(dǎo)致了今天家庭聚餐的減少呢？”選D?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Andsometimesthedeepestandmostmeaningfultimesinafamilyarenotatthetableatall.可知，有時(shí)，家庭中最深刻、最有意義的時(shí)刻根本不在餐桌上。而空格后一句說(shuō)到餐桌的重要性，因此此處應(yīng)為轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，“然而，一家人圍坐在一起吃晚飯的時(shí)刻仍有其獨(dú)特之處”，選G?！?題詳解】本段重點(diǎn)描述全家圍繞餐桌一同就餐的好處，上一句提到了在餐桌上孩子們牙牙學(xué)語(yǔ)，E項(xiàng)中they指代前句中的children，而且also一詞的使用表明了與上一句的邏輯銜接關(guān)系，意為“他們同時(shí)也能學(xué)會(huì)好的餐桌禮儀，那是讓他們受益終生的東西”，故選E?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Amealisaboutcivilizingchildren.可知，一家人共進(jìn)晚餐對(duì)教化孩子意義重大，這是教育孩子傳承家庭文化的機(jī)會(huì)，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】七選五的解題技巧之一是根據(jù)上下文詞匯來(lái)鎖定線(xiàn)索。即：要關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動(dòng)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類(lèi)詞等。其次是一些專(zhuān)有名詞，比如數(shù)詞、代詞、時(shí)間、年代、地點(diǎn)/名稱(chēng)等。如在本文中，第1小題中的“dinningtable”，“asimplecloth”與文中后一句“Plates,forksandspoons”為呼應(yīng)關(guān)系；第3小題中的“somethingunique”與下文theplacewhereafamilybuildsanidentity有順承關(guān)系；第4小題中的“they”，第5小題中的“them”，均指代上一句中的children。B【答案解析】1.B

2.C

3.G

4.D

5.F這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了百老匯的歷史。【1題詳解】根據(jù)上一句WhenpeoplethinkofBroadway,theymaythinkofthatpartoftheworld-famousroadinNewYorkCitythatrunsbetween42ndand53rdStreets.當(dāng)人們想到百老匯時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)想到紐約著名的42街和53街之間的那部分路。下一句Itisabillion-dollarindustrythatincludestheatricalshowsinNewYorkandlivetheaterentertainmentthroughouttheworld.這是一個(gè)十億美元的產(chǎn)業(yè)，包括紐約的戲劇表演和世界各地的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)戲劇表演。選項(xiàng)B“然而，百老匯不僅僅是一個(gè)地理位置”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Aplayhousemusthave500ormoreseatstobeconsideredaBroadwaytheater.劇院必須有500個(gè)或更多的座位才能被認(rèn)為是百老匯劇院。選項(xiàng)C“可容納100至499人的劇院被稱(chēng)為“外百老匯劇院”與上文聯(lián)系緊密，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Somepeoplemayhavedoubtedthesetheaterswouldbesuccessful,buttheyturnedouttobe.有些人可能懷疑這些影院會(huì)不會(huì)成功，但事實(shí)證明它們是成功的。選項(xiàng)G“馬洛里家族于1880年建造的麥迪遜廣場(chǎng)劇院就是其中之一”是上文提到的成功劇院的一個(gè)例子，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Unlikeactorsbeforehim,Boothdidnotstandstillonthestageandsimplydeliverhislines.與之前的演員不同，EdwinBooth并不是站在舞臺(tái)上，只是簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)出他的臺(tái)詞。選項(xiàng)D“相反，他喜歡四處走動(dòng)，在表演時(shí)表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的感情”與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?題詳解】根據(jù)下一句Specifically,comediesanddramasoftencentredonthen-currenteventssuchaswomen'srighttovote,theLaborMovement,andwar.具體來(lái)說(shuō)，喜劇和戲劇通常圍繞當(dāng)時(shí)的時(shí)事，如婦女投票權(quán)、勞工運(yùn)動(dòng)和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。選項(xiàng)F“隨著這種新風(fēng)格的流行，節(jié)目的內(nèi)容也開(kāi)始改變”承接下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。C【答案解析】1.E

2.G

3.F

4.A

5.C【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述的是對(duì)職場(chǎng)穿便裝的爭(zhēng)論?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上文Itisthedaywhenshecanwearasweaterandcasualtrousersinsteadofbusinesssuit（這一天，她可以穿毛衣和休閑褲代替職業(yè)裝。）可知，她喜歡遠(yuǎn)離她平時(shí)考究的職業(yè)裝和高跟鞋的這一天。故選E?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上句：另一個(gè)貢獻(xiàn)者是傳真，語(yǔ)音郵件和電子郵件，這減少了公眾接觸。故下句要表達(dá)的意思是：隨著更少的辦公室會(huì)議，人們對(duì)穿著的印象越來(lái)越少，對(duì)舒適的要求也越來(lái)越高。故選G?！?題詳解】根據(jù)前文Someworkersremainstronglyopposed.（一些工人仍然強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。），可知與之相匹配的應(yīng)該是F項(xiàng)Othersworrythatdressingcasuallylowersanemployer’sprofessionalimage.（其他人擔(dān)心著裝隨便會(huì)降低雇主的職業(yè)形象。）。Some...;others...“一些……，另一些……”，故選F?！?題詳解】根據(jù)下句：一些專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為它總有一天會(huì)消失。故A項(xiàng)Willthedress-downtrendlast?（這種著裝傾向會(huì)持續(xù)嗎？）符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上句：生意人不知道該穿什么，并且許多人早上只穿任何他們喜歡的東西。再根據(jù)下句：他們認(rèn)為在工作中穿衣打扮是社會(huì)降低其工作效率的標(biāo)志之一?？芍丝盏囊馑紤?yīng)該是：休閑服裝趨勢(shì)讓一些時(shí)尚人士擔(dān)心?！军c(diǎn)睛】七選五閱讀題，有部分題出現(xiàn)在每一段的開(kāi)始位置，若問(wèn)題在段首1.通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀該段落，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)詞或者同義詞，從而推測(cè)出主題句，找到答案。2.與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線(xiàn)索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。一般來(lái)說(shuō)正確答案與它后面的一句話(huà)的在意思上是銜接的，所以通常情況下，這兩句話(huà)中會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。3.段落間的過(guò)渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找到啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來(lái)，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。小題4根據(jù)下句：一些專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為它總有一天會(huì)消失。故A項(xiàng)Willthedress-downtrendlast?（這種著裝傾向會(huì)持續(xù)嗎？）符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。D【答案解析】1.A

2.F

3.E

4.C

5.B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了課間活動(dòng)—提到了其對(duì)于學(xué)生的有利之處，但在推廣時(shí)面臨的大的阻礙—老師和學(xué)校的猶豫不決。【1題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Manyteachersareincludingsomeformofmovementintotheschoolday.(許多老師在上課的時(shí)候會(huì)安排一些活動(dòng)。)”可知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)對(duì)之前提及自己女兒的老師行為進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)皇俏ㄒ灰粋€(gè)這樣安排課程的。選項(xiàng)A“Mykids'teachersarecertainlynotalone.(我孩子的老師當(dāng)然不是唯一這樣做的人。)”符合分析，且按照詞匯對(duì)應(yīng)原則，呼應(yīng)前文提及的“theirteachers”。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Arecentresearch,publishedinthejournalPediatrics,involvedmorethan10,000childrenbetweentheagesof4and13.”提及了一項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查，可推知設(shè)空句應(yīng)是對(duì)這項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果進(jìn)行解釋。選項(xiàng)F“Itshowsthatkidswhogetextraphysicalactivityinschooldobetterincognitiv