英語含有二真題1986年-2009統(tǒng)一卷

2004年攻讀入學考試英語試Section UseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories1ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior2theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthroughwithothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin4totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomic5asarejectionofmiddle-classMosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies,_6thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes7lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,aretentativeandare8tocriticism.Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly9juvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythat10tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment11makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin12leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior.Familieshavealso13changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;14，childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome15wascommoninthetraditionalfamily16.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other17_causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased18_ofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowing19childabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,relationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.toincreaseadirect1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C][D]4.5.butor6.7.8.9.[A] [B] [C] [D]10.11.inonbyat12.13.[A] [B] [D]14.[A][B][C]15.[A][B]16.[A][B]17.[A][B]18.[A][B][C]19.[A][B]20.[A][B]Section ReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40TextHuntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder,ajobdatabaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite’s“alsearchagent”.It’saninctivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalary,thenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethelegal,ilectualpropertyandWashington,D.C.Threeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening.“Istruckgold,”saysRedmon,whoE-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselfora.Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanhetime-consumingandinefficient.Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:“Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminateapossibility,”saysoneexpert.Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconcept—whatyouthinkyouwanttodo—thenbroadenit.“Noneoftheseprogramsdothat,”saysanotherexpert.“There’snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis.”Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase;whenyougetE-mail,consideritaremindercheckthedatabaseagain.“Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,”saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareerSite’sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobs—thoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;jobhunterswillhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthem—andtheydo.“Onthedayafterwesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,”saysSethPeets,viceofmarketingforCareerSite.Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed,RedmonmaintainshisagentatCareerBuilder.“Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,”hesays.Workingwitha alsearchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou.HowdidRedmonfindhisBysearchingopeningsinajobBypostingamatchingpositioninaByusingaspecialserviceofaByE-mailinghisresumetoaWhichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchLackof [B]Limitednumberof[C]Lower [D]FewersuccessfulTheexpression“tipservice”(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobably [B][C] [D]WhydoesCareerSite’sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejobTofocusonbetterjobToattractmorereturningToreservespaceformoreToincreasetherateofWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothe[A]alsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-[B]SomesiteskeepE-mailingjobseekerstotracetheir[C]alsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealready[D]SomeagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyareTextOverthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,refersdiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZo?Zysman.Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.ThustheAmericanandvice-havesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush’spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChrétienandKoizumi).Theworld’sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,Duisenbergandi)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld'sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareli llyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiacAkindofoverlookedAtypeofconspicuousAtype alAkindofbrandWhatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeInbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtoThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZo?Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’SomeformofdiscriminationistoosubtletoThe4thparagraphsuggests questionsareoftenputtothemore ligentalphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromteachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheirWhatdoestheauthormeanby“mostpeoplearelillyhavinga(Lines2-3,ParagraphTheyaregettingTheyarenoisilydozingTheyarefeelingTheyarebusywithwordWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothePeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfromThentoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalongwaytoPuttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalTextWhenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,filingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofhersspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy.“I'magoodeconomicindicator,”shesays.“Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars.”SoSperoisdownscaling,shopatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.“Idon'tknowifothersaregoingtoabandonme,too,”shesays.EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscomingatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay,holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlymildlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospectsevenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,“there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses,”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets.“Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree,"saysJohnTealdi,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerscheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantusedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.By“EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans SperocanhardlymaintainherSperoistoomuchengagedinherSperohasgrownoutofherbadSperoisnotinadesperateHowdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomic [B]Confused.[C]Care.[D]Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange”(Lines3,3),theauthoristalkingabout goldrealstockventureWhycanmanypeoplesee“silverlinings”totheeconomicTheywouldbenefitincertainThestockmarketshowssignsofSuchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaThepurchasingpowerwouldbeTowhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoAnewboom,ontheTightenthebelt,thesingleCautionallright,panicThemoreventures,themoreTextAmericanstodaydon'tceaveryhighvalueoninlect.Ourheroesareathletes,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notscholars.Evenourschoolsarewherewesendourchildrentogetapracticaleducation—nottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.Symptomsofpervasiveanti-inlectualisminourschoolsaren'tdifficulttofind.“Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthaninlectual,”sayseducationwriterDianeRavitch.“Schoolscouldbeacounterbalance.”Ravitch'slatestbook.LeftBack:ACenturyofFailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-inlectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforinButtheycouldandshouldbe.Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.Continuingalongthispath,sayswriterEarlShorris,“Wewilleasecond-ratecountry.Wewillhavealesscivilsociety.”“Inlectisresentedasaformofpowerorprivilege,”writeshistorianandprofessorRichardHofstadterinAnti-ilectualisminAmericanLife,aPulitzer-Prizewinningbookontherootsofanti-inlectualisminUSpolitics,religion,andeducation.Fromthebeginningofourhistory,saysHofstadter,ourdemocraticandpopulisturgeshavedrivenustorejectanythingthatsmellsofelitism.Practicality,commonsense,andnativeinligencehavebeenconsideredmorenoblequalitiesthananythingyoucouldlearnfromabook.RalphWaldoEmersonandotherTranscendentalistphilosophersthoughtschoolingandrigorousbooklearningputunnaturalrestraintsonchildren:“Weareshutupinschoolsandcollegerecitationroomsfor10or15yearsandcomeoutatlastwithabellyfulofwordsanddonotknowathing.”MarkTwain'sHuckleberryFinnexemplifiedAmericananti-inlectualism.Itsheroavoidsbeingcivilized—goingtoschoolandlearningtoread—sohecanpreservehisinnateInlect,accordingtoHofstadter,isdifferentfromnativeinligence,aqualitywereluctantlyadmire.Inlectisthecritical,creative,andcontemtivesideofthemind.Inligenceseekstograsp,manipulate,re-order,andadjust,whileinlectexamines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizes,andimagines.Schoolremainsacewhereinlectismistrusted.Hofstadtersaysourcountry'seducationalsystemisinthegripsofpeoplewho“joyfullyandmilitantlyproclaimtheirhostilitytoinlectandtheireagernesstoidentifywithchildrenwhoshowtheleastinlectualpromise.”WhatdoAmericanparentsexpecttheirchildrentoacquireinThehabitofthinkingProfoundknowledgeofthePracticalabilitiesforfutureTheconfidenceininlectualWecanlearnfromthetextthatAmericanshaveahistory undervaluinginfavoringinsupportingschoolsuppressingnativeinTheviewsofRavitehandEmersononschoolingare [B] [C] [D]Emerson,accordingtothetext,isprobably apioneerofeducationanopponentofinascholarinfavorofinanadvocateofregularWhatdoestheauthorthinkofinItissecondtoinItevolvesfromcommonItistobeItunderliesPartBReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsinto.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10Therelationoflanguageandmindhasinterestedphilosophersformanycenturies.(41)TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessofthought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescouldbe.Onlyrecentlydidlinguistsbegintheseriousstudyoflanguagesthatwereverydifferentfromtheirown.Twoanthropologist-linguists,FranzBoasandEdwardSapir,werepioneersindescribingmanynativelanguagesofNorthandSouthAmericaduringthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.(42)Weareobligedtothembecausesomeoftheselanguageshavesincevanished,asthepeopleswhospokethemdiedoutorbecameassimilatedandlosttheirnativelanguages.Otherlinguistsintheearlierpartofthiscentury,however,whowerelesseagertodealwithbizarredatafrom“exotic”language,werenotalwaysso(43)ThenewlydescribedlanguageswereoftensostrikinglydifferentfromthewellstudiedlanguagesofEuropeandSoutheastAsiathatsomescholarsevenaccusedBoasandSapiroffabricatingtheirdata.NativeAmericanlanguagesareindeeddifferent,somuchsoinfactthatNavajocouldbeusedbytheUSmilitaryasacodeduringWorldWarIItosendsecretmessages.Sapir’spupil,BenjaminLeeWhorf,thestudyofAmericannlanguages.(44)Beinginterestedintherelationshipoflanguageandthought,Whorfdevelopedtheideathatthestructureoflanguagedeterminesthestructureofhabitualthoughtinasociety.Hereasonedthatbecauseitiseasiertoformulatecertainconceptsandnotothersinagivenlanguage,thespeakersofthatlanguagethinkalongonetrackandnotalonganother.(45)Whorfcametobelieveinasortoflinguisticdeterminismwhich,initsstrongestform,statesthatlanguageimprisonsthemind,andthatthegrticalpatternsinalanguagecanproducefar-reachingconsequencesforthecultureofasociety.Later,thisideabecametobeknownastheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,butthistermissomewhatinappropriate.AlthoughbothSapirandWhorfemphasizedthediversitylanguages,SapirhimselfneverexplicitlysupportedthenotionoflinguisticSection 46.Studythefollowingdrawingcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichdescribetheinterpretitsmeaning,supportyourviewwithYoushouldwriteabout200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2(20第一部 英語知識運用試題解，文章主要探討青少年的原因。一開始，文章從現(xiàn)有的理論出發(fā)這些理論集中，從第三段開始文章提出了新的見解社會結(jié)構(gòu)的變化可能間接地影響了青少年率。，但它們與青少年是否存在直接的因果關(guān)系還沒有確定。[A]acting(on)relying(on)centering(on)commenting(on)[[本題考核的知識點是：平行句子結(jié)構(gòu)+分詞短語辨析on；Theories1ontheindividualsuggestthat；Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthattheories，并都接有分詞作定語。因此空concerningfocusingon三句強調(diào)(focusingon)社會因素的理論。能表達出“集中強調(diào)”含義的分詞短語只有centeringon。例句補充：Alcoholactsonthebrain.（對大腦起作用；Shereliesonherparentsfortuition.（學費依賴于父母；Hernovelscenteredontheproblemsofadolescence.（小說以青少年問題為中心；Hecommentedonthebadweatherhere.（他對這里糟糕的天氣評論。[A]before[Bunless[C]until[D]because[[本題考核的知識點是：邏輯關(guān)系engageincriminalbehaviortheywerenotsufficientlypenalized?？忌P(guān)鍵要論把歸結(jié)于個人原因，按照其觀點“兒童以前的不良行為沒有及時地受到懲處”就是[A]inction（with）cooperation（with）consultation（with）[[本題考核的知識點是：名詞短語辨析withothersthrough的介詞賓排除assimilation，它不能與with格所在的分句是theyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough3withothers，through詞短語可以表示出一種學會的途徑或方式。顯然，只有inctionwithothers符合意“和他人的相互影響即受到的影（而學會了注意cooperationwith詞匯補充：inction（人的inter-（在…之間assimilation（assimilate；cooperationco-（共同；cnsultaton，con-，cnsult[A](in)return(for)(in)reply(to)(in)reference(to)(in)responseto)[[本題考核的知識點是：固定搭配本題要求考生判斷選項中哪個能與in…to構(gòu)成短語并符合文意。首先排除return，因forinreturnfor（強調(diào)社會角色的）理論認為，孩子們是他們自己沒有成功地現(xiàn)有的社會經(jīng)濟地位的4根據(jù)句意，可先排除Cinreferenceto，inreplytoinresponseto語區(qū)別的關(guān)鍵在其中心名詞reply和response。reply指“回答inreplytotheletters（回信responseinresponseto，因為“孩子們是對自己沒有成功地現(xiàn)有的社會經(jīng)濟地位的一種自發(fā)Answer(n.v.)在這三個詞中使用范圍最廣，既可以表示用語言來回答,也可表示用行動來回答。如：answertheephone(接)；answerthedoorbell(去開門)。例句：InanswertothesequestionsIjustnodded.（在回答這些問題的過程中，點點response(動詞為respond)多表示一種自發(fā)的反應(yīng)。例句：Inresponsetoyourinquiries,weregrettoinformyouthatwecannothelpyouinthismatter.（對reply(n.v.)answeranswer明顯不同：如：answeraletter只表示“寫回信，但對來信問題并不一定都作了答復，而replyaletter則表示回答了來信一切細節(jié)。inreplyto表示“回答，回復例句：Theywouldbeabletousesimilarmethodsinreplytoour[A]or或者，表并 [B]butrather（非固定搭配[C]but而是，表轉(zhuǎn) [D]orelse否則，要不[[本題考核的知識點是：邏輯關(guān)系本題要求考生判斷空格前后兩個部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，inresponsetotheirfailureasarejectionofmiddle-classvaluescommitcrimesor[A]considering考慮到，鑒于[B]ignoring[C]highlighting突 [D]discarding丟棄，拋[[本題考核的知識點是：分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語+動詞詞義辨析Mosttheorieshavefocusedonchildren分詞結(jié)構(gòu)6thefact，那么填入的分詞和主句的謂語focusedon都是主語mosttheories發(fā)出的動作，關(guān)鍵看這兩個動作間是什么關(guān)系，僅從結(jié)構(gòu)上無法判斷，因為分詞年的理論都關(guān)注來自貧窮家庭的孩子，從句意為“……來自富有家庭的孩子也的ignoring，discardingfactdiedallofasudden,leavingtheprojectunfinished.(那位老科學家了，[A]on涉及、關(guān) [B]in以……方[C]for因 [D]with（表伴隨[[本題考核的知識點是：thelatter（后者）指前一句話中提到的“富有家庭的孩子要搞清楚空格前后部分Thelattercommitcrimeslackofadequateparentalcontrol之間的邏輯關(guān)系。由于上文一直在探討青少年的原因，這里也不例外，談?wù)摰氖恰案挥屑彝サ暮⒆印笔怯捎凇叭鄙俑改腹芙?，空格處需填入表因果關(guān)系的介詞，for[A]immune（to）免疫的，不受影響的[B]resistantto)[C]sensitive（to）敏感的 [D]subject（to）易受……影響的[答案]D[本題考核的知識點是：形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)作表語tobeto：immunetopersuasion（不能被說服的；resistanttocorrosion（抗腐蝕的；sensitivetocriticism（對批評敏感subjecttocolds（容易感冒的。那么關(guān)鍵看哪個能符合句意?？崭袼诰渥邮茿lltheoriesaretentativeandare8tocriticismand放入，只有subjectto表達的“容易受到批評和”與tentative表達的“試驗性的、[A]affect影響，感動，[B]reduce減少，縮小，還[C]check檢查，制止，核對[D]reflect[[本題考核的知識點是：Changesinthesocialstructure，賓語是juvenilecrimeratesindirectly[A]point（to）amount（to）[[本題考核的知識點是：thatthatchangesintheeconomytofewerjobopportunities。topointtothesharpdeathinroaddeath(指明馬路事故劇增)；toomuchworkleadtoillness(勞累過度引起生病)；cometoanunderstanding（達成諒解；Herstandardsamountedtoperfection（她簡首先，從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，這個短語動詞10to，bring，conform，fall，object，refer，setto（著手，taketo（喜愛上，專心于，yieldto（屈服于。[A]ingeneral[B]onaverage[C]bycontrast[D]atlength地[[本題考核的知識點是：（的經(jīng)濟變化11ingeneral例句補充：Childreningeneralarefondofcandy.（孩子一般都喜歡糖果；Onaveragewereceive5letterseachday.（我們每天平均收到五封信；Mr.Greenisataciturn.Bycontrast,hisbrotherwasmuchmoretalkative.（格林先生是一個沉默寡言的人，相比之下，他兄弟要健談的多；Atlengththeyreachedtheir[A](incase(in)short(in)essence[[本題考核的知識點是：語）moreyouths（賓語）intocriminalbehavior（賓補in表達更完整。句子大意是（經(jīng)濟變化使年輕人就業(yè)變得由此造成的12_導致年輕人，選項中只有inturn放入后符合邏輯，因為它可以表示一種連鎖的因果聯(lián)系，即“經(jīng)濟變化導致就業(yè)，就業(yè)導致不滿，不滿進而又導致。例句補充：Takewarmclothesincasetheweatheriscold.（帶上厚衣服以防天氣變冷；Inshort,societymustbereorganized.（總之，社會必須重組；HefoundthatMaryhadtoldRichard’ssister,andsheinturnhadtoldRichard.(他發(fā)現(xiàn)瑪麗告訴了理查德的姐姐，然后她又告訴了理查德)；Heisinessenceanhonest.（他[A]survived[B]noticed[C]undertaken承擔，許 [D]experienced經(jīng)歷，體[[本題考核的知識點是：知識點補充：除了這個題目外，2003年英語知識第2題也考到了與change構(gòu)成動賓搭take,bringabout,experience,modate(to),adaptedto,adjustto[A]contrarily[B]consequently果[C]similarly同樣地,類似于，表比 [D]simultaneously同時地，表較[[本題考核的知識點是：邏輯關(guān)系[A]thanthatwhichas[[本題考核的知識點是：從句中的關(guān)系代詞空格的前文是一個主干結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子：childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome，空格的后文是：wascommoninthetraditionalfamily。顯然這（（lesschildrenhavelesssupervisionthan(what)wascommoninthetraditionalfamily。例句：Theboyhaseatenmorefoodthanisgoodforhishealth于…eatenmorefoodthan（what）isgoodforhishealth（那個孩子吃得太多，多再看三個干擾。that較容易排除它常在關(guān)從句中做關(guān)系詞，代替緊著的先行詞，以是名或代詞這個題難在其兩干擾項：whch和as似乎可以入空格中，做關(guān)系詞，代替面整個句，意為“情況在傳統(tǒng)家中很普遍但考生要注意首先whih和as這種用都在非定性句中即用逗隔開例句etokoverthe ernmn,whichwasunawful.（接管了，這一為實際的Sheusuallytkesanapaferlunch,asishrhabit.（飯后她般午睡這已經(jīng)成了習慣其填入hich和s子的含就成了子們在里得的監(jiān)護來越少的現(xiàn)在傳統(tǒng)庭中非普遍它不合邏輯因為文章到造成子無人管正是由于家庭構(gòu)的變化即傳統(tǒng)家庭變單親和工家庭所成的顯它們不合上下文意。[A]system系統(tǒng)，體系，體 [B]structure結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)[C]concept觀念，概 [D]heritage遺產(chǎn)，傳[[本題考核的知識點是：名詞詞義辨析family中也提到，即空格所在句子中的?？忌鷱闹锌煞治龀觯簍hetraditionalfamily16familiesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsortwoworkingparentschangesinthesocialstructure，接下來依次changesintheeconomyFamilieshavealsoexperiencedchanges，因此后面現(xiàn)的structure。[A]assessable[[本題考核的知識點是：形容詞用法辨析lackofparentalsupervisionisaninfluence（影響，原因juvenilecrimerates，下文是Other causesofoffensiveactsfrustrationorfailureinschoolcauses，其次，的原因是“在學校里形成的挫敗感或?qū)W習不及格、酗酒、、兒童等等。再分析四知識點補充：選項中幾個詞的含義可通過幾個例句來體會：Aephoneisputwhereitwillbeaccessible.(把放到誰都能拿到的地方)；Thefoundanunidentifiablewomanburiedinthebackyard.(發(fā)現(xiàn)后院埋了一具不明的女尸)；Inbuyingasuit,adifferenceoftencentsinpricesisnegligible.（買一套衣服價錢只差一角錢是無所謂的；Hewasdressedwithincrediblespeed.[A]expense費用，代 [B]restriction限制，約[C]allocation分配，安 [D]availability可獲得性，有效性，實性[[本題考核的知識點是：本題要求考生在空格處填入一個中心名詞，它可以同時被increased和drugsalcohol修飾，描述造成青少年的一種原因。首先可排除allocation，因為它不能被increased修飾；其次，從邏輯上講“和的價錢（expense）提高“對和酒精的限制（restriction）增多”都不應(yīng)該是造成的原因，反而有可能減少。只有（青少年）越來越容易接觸（availability）和”才可能引起。例句補充：Redecoratingthehousewillbeaconsiderableexpense.（重新裝飾房屋將是一項很大的花費；Thereisarestrictionagainstsmokinginschools.（；Sugar；Theavailabilityofcleanwaterresourceisingmoreandmoredifficult.[A]incidence（of）發(fā)生(率 [B]awareness（of）意識，知[C]exposure（to），[D]popularity普及，流行，出[[本題考核的知識點是：和上題一樣，這個空格填入的中心名詞同時被growing和childabuseandchildneglect修飾，描述造成青少年的另一種原因。由于四個選項都可以被growing修飾，解題的關(guān)鍵只能是根據(jù)邏輯語意做出判斷。首先“兒童受和得不到的日益普及（popularity”和“不斷（exposure）兒童受和得不到”不但不是發(fā)生的原因，反而有利（incidence例句補充：Thereisahighincidenceofmalariainthetropics.（在熱帶地區(qū)瘧疾很高；Agoodparliamentarianmusthaveanawarenessofwhatthepeople；Exposure；Thecomedianenjoyedgreatpopularityduringthe30’sand40’s.（這個喜劇演員在三、[A]provided（表條件since（表因果或讓步（[[本題考核的知識點是：邏輯關(guān)系空格前后是兩個完整的分句：Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityadirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished，考生需although。例句補充：Thefactorywillpaythebonusprovidedthejobiscompletedontime.（如果工作及時完成的話，工廠將會獎金；Sinceyou'renotinterested,Iwon'tlyouaboutit.（既然你不感，不告訴你了；Supposingitrainswhatshallyoudo?（假如下雨，你會怎么辦呢。許多研究青少年(即低齡人群)的理論要么強調(diào)個人要么強調(diào)社會是導致的主要因素調(diào)個人素的理認為兒童事活動是因他們以的不良為沒有及時受懲處或者于他們別人影而學會強調(diào)社因素的論認為兒童是因他們未如愿地高自己社會經(jīng)位或者是為排斥產(chǎn)價值觀。大部分研究青少年的理論都集中在來自貧困家庭的兒童身上而忽略了出身富裕家都不是定論，并且經(jīng)常遭到。容易接觸和以及兒童受和得不到的日益增多。所有上述情況都會增加青少年的可能性，雖然其中的直接因果關(guān)系還沒有被證實。第二部分閱讀理解試題解A部文章介紹了一種能夠幫助人們迅速找到工作的搜索工具全文從一個使用搜索而找到工作的實例入手，對這種新事物的優(yōu)缺點進行了全面分析并了當事人和專家的第一段：雷德曼通過“個人搜索”順利地找到了工作“HowdidRedmonfindhis 21.Bysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.[A]通過在職業(yè)資料庫中尋找空缺職Bypostingamatchingpositionina [B]Byusingaspecialserviceofadatabase.[C]ByE-mailinghisresumetoa [D][[本題考核的知識點是：事實細節(jié)題Redmon索，敲入了幾個，幾周后就得到了空缺職位。接著他把個人簡歷用電子人搜索”這種服務(wù)，雖然比較泛，但符合文意。A選項中“尋找空缺職位和B選項中“張貼相匹配的職位”都“個人搜索”Whichofthefollowingcanbea22.下面哪一個可能是搜索的缺點ofsearchLakeof [ALimitednumberof [B]限制次數(shù)Lower [CFewersuccessful [D][[本題考核的知識點是：事實細節(jié)題章中比較隱蔽，它是在第三段提到的：There’snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis，代詞this回指前面的jobsearchingprograms，也就是搜索。Theexpression“tipservice”(Line4, service（Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans [A] [B] [C] [D][[本題考核的知識點是：詞義題隱含的求職建議。insteadwhenyougetE-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain（最佳策略是把“”當作一種提示性服務(wù)，來及時一個特定數(shù)據(jù)庫里的工作信息，tipservice與reminder前后呼WhydoesCareerSite’sagentoffer24.為什么求職網(wǎng)的每次只提供給求職eachjobhunteronlythree Tofocusonbetterjob [A]Toattractmorereturning [B]為了吸引人回訪Toreservespaceformore [C]為了保存的信息空間Toincreasetherateof [D][[本題考核的知識點是：寫作意圖題明一個論點這個論點可以在舉例之前或之后那么第四段舉求職網(wǎng)的例子就是為了說明首句：Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn（一些在“”的程序設(shè)計上考慮讓它誘使求職者回訪。接下來的內(nèi)容具體說明了是怎樣誘使的：求職者為了查找數(shù)據(jù)庫中的匹配項，不得不回訪這個。Whichofthefollowingis 25accordingtothe [A]alsearchagentsare [A]個人搜索對于找工作的人來說ensabletojob- [B]SomesiteskeepE-mailingjobseekers[B]一些不斷地給求職者發(fā)電子totracetheir [C]alsearchagentsare [C]個人搜索對于那些已經(jīng)找到helpfultothosealready [D]Someagentsstopsending [D]一旦人們找到工作，一些topeopleoncetheyare [[本題考核的知識點是：事實細節(jié)題知道，找到工作后還是可以繼續(xù)使用搜索服務(wù)的，因此D選項也不對。文章從內(nèi)容上講，主要關(guān)于“搜索”這種網(wǎng)上謀職幫手，因此第一個考點就圍繞文章這一，題型主要以事實細節(jié)題為主，如原考題第2和第5題。其次，從論證講，文章比較明顯的特點是使用了例證法，如第一段雷德曼的例子（原考題第1題、第三段CareerSite’s的例（原考題第4題論證的另一個考點涉及引證原題沒有涉及，可見補充考點第1題。全篇文章講述了“搜索”這一新鮮事物，自然還可以考查考生對233、4Fromthethirdparagraph,wecaninfer job-searchingagentsarenotbroadeninganarrowconceptisthefirststepwhileusinga

careercounselingagentsalwayshavehiddenoneshouldchooseajobfromalistofWhichofthefollowingwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardscareersearchingagents [B][C] [D]WhatdoesRedmonmeanwhenhesays“Istruckgold”(paragraphSoonhe earich [B]Hehasfounda[C]Heisgreatlypleased. [D]HehasfoundagoodBysaying“weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,”(paragraph4)SethPeetsmostprobablyimpliesthat theirstrategyisverysuccessful [B]theroad esvery[C]theirmessageisvery [D]manypeopleliketo參考答案（1）C ①It’saninctivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalary,thenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.該強調(diào)句的主干是：Iti（anin tha（lets…mails…強調(diào)主語anin ctivefeature。That后面連接的是兩個謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)：letsb.dosth.和名詞活用為動詞的E-mails。Suchas…結(jié)構(gòu)舉例說明jobcriteria，when引導的時②Instead,th