高考總復習英語（北師大版）Unit21HumanBiology（選修七）

/14/14/Unit21HumanBiology目前，科技的發(fā)展如此之快已超出了我們的想象，克隆技術成為世界上最先進的技術之一。針對這一技術，有人支持，有人卻反對。根據(jù)下面的表格，用英語寫一篇100詞左右的文章，并闡述自己的態(tài)度和看法。支持1.制造器官挽救生命(如：治愈癌癥)；2.幫助不能生育的人擁有孩子；3.幫助想克隆自己去世的親人的人。反對1.對人的生命不再尊重，生命將不再唯一；2.在動物界創(chuàng)造出更多的疾??；3.使地球人口激增。你的看法……________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________imagination.Cloningtechnologies.Isitisbeyondourimagination.Cloningisoneofthemostadvancedtechnologies.Isitgoodorbad？Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Somepeopleareinfavorofcloningtechnology.①benefit.Firstlycancer.Secondlythemselves.Besidesbenefit.Firstly，itcanbeusedtoproducevaluabletissuesandorgansthatcouldbeusedtocurediseaseslikecancer.Secondly，itcanhelpthosewhoareunabletohaveababybutwantababygeneticallyrelatedtothemselves.Besides，itcanhelpthosewhowanttoclonetheirdeadrelatives.However，afewpeopleobjecttoit.Theybelievecloningshowsnorespectforhumanlife，andhumanlifewouldnolongerbeunique.Moreseriously，itwouldcreatemorediseasesintheanimalworldandcauseEarth’spopulationtoincreasefast.②Inmyopinion，althoughthetechniqueisbeneficialtomankindinmanyaspects，cloninghumanbeingswillbeatthecostoftheexistenceofmankinditself.根據(jù)①句臨摹臨摹1：許多人贊成這個計劃，因為它有益于身體健康。Manypeopleareinfavouroftheplan，becauseitisof________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.根據(jù)②句臨摹臨摹2：盡管他的英語差，但是經過努力他已經取得了巨大進步。________________________________________________________________________，hehasmadegreatprogressafterhardwork.答案：1.greatbenefittopeople’shealth2．ThoughhisEnglishispoorⅠ.核心單詞識記(一)寫作單詞識記1.abuse(vt.2.seek(vt.3.cater(vi.)滿足；迎合4.scan(n.)掃描5.postpone(vt.)推遲，延期6.unite(vt.)聯(lián)合；團結；統(tǒng)一7.pause(n.)停頓；暫停8.foresee(vt.)預見9.thorough(adj.)徹底的；細致的10.rob(vt.)使喪失；搶劫11.decline(vi.)下降12.submit(vt.)提交13.vote(vi.)表決14.circumstance(n.)情形；情況15.prohibit(vt.)禁止16.faith(n.)信心(二)閱讀單詞識記1．intervaln.間隔；間歇2．circulatevi.循環(huán)3．routinen.常規(guī)；慣例4．temporaryadj.臨時的；短暫的5．fundamentaladj.根本的，基礎的6．contradictvt.與(其他事物)相矛盾7．underlinevt.表明重要性；強調8．deadlinen.截止日期，最后日期9．compulsoryadj.強制性的，義務的(三)核心單詞拓展1．tolerate(vt.)容忍→tolerant(adj.)容忍的；寬容的→tolerance(n.)容忍；忍受2．oppose(vt.)反對→opposition(n.)反方；對立面→opposite(adj.)相反的；對面的→opposed(adj.)反對的3．violate(vt.)違反；違背→violation(n.)違反；妨礙4．minimum(n.)最低；最小→maximum(n.)最高，最大5．equip(vt.)使有準備→equipment(n.)設備；裝備6．fortune(n.)大筆錢財，巨款；運氣→fortunate(adj.)幸運的→fortunately(adv.)幸運地7．enquiry(n.)詢問→enquire(vt.)詢問；調查8．extension(n.)延期→extend(v.)延長9．concern(n.)擔心；擔憂→concerned(adj.)關心的；擔憂的→concerning(prep.)關于；有關Ⅱ.核心短語背誦1.atallcosts不管多大代價；無論如何2.straightaway立刻，馬上3.invain徒然，白費力氣4.atrandom隨便地，隨意地5.wipeout徹底毀滅6.stopsth.initstracks終止；消滅7.atanyrate無論如何；至少8.bringup生育；養(yǎng)育；嘔吐；引述9.gothrough經歷；通過10.putoff推遲11．getdownto開始做12．getthrough通過(考試等)；完成13．focuson聚焦；集中；對準14．forgood(andall)永遠；永久15．missout遺漏；遺忘；錯過機會Ⅲ.經典句式精練1．BenJohnsonwouldstillbe(可能仍然是)the100metresworldrecordholderifhehadnotbeencaughttakingdrugs(如果他沒有被查出服用興奮劑)inthe1988Olympics.(混合虛擬的用法)2．Unfortunately，itisnoteasytocatchathletesusingillegaldrugs(很難查出服用禁藥的運動員)．(it作形式主語)3．Inthefuture，athleteswhohavetheirgeneschanged(改變了他們的基因)mightbeabletodothe100metresdashinjust8secondsorthemarathoninlessthantwohours.(havesth.done)4.Itisourbrainthatinterpretsthesesignals(正是我們的大腦翻譯了這些信號)andbuildsupapictureoftheoutsideworld.(強調句型)5.Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months(在18個月的時間里奪去了多達5,000萬人的生命)，withatendencytostriketheyoungandfitratherthantheold，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostacuteepidemicinhistory.(havingdone作狀語)6.Heshouldhavegoneearlier(他本來應該早些去的)，buthehadignoredthepainsothathecouldcontinueracing.(情態(tài)動詞＋havedone)7.Withalltheinternationaleffortbeingmade(隨著國際間的共同努力)，wehavetohavefaiththattherewillbesolutionsintimetostopaBirdFluepidemicinitstracks.(with復合結構作狀語)8．However，thisisthefirsttimeI’vebrokenmyleg(這是我第一次摔斷腿)．(Thisisthefirsttime...句型)Ⅳ.課文語法填空根據(jù)課文內容用適當?shù)脑~填空，使短文完整。TheOlympicspirithasbeenviolatedbythedesiretosucceedatallcosts.Nowrecords1.havefallen(fall)intrackandfieldduetobetterequipment，traininganddietsincethe2.first(one)OlympicGames.Butwecameacrosstheissueofperformance-enhancingdrugs,3.whichisknownasdoping.Someathleteswhoabusethedrugsrisk4.facing(face)serioushealthproblemsinlaterlife.Theyseek5.toachieve(achieve)beyondtheirnaturallimits.Itiscompulsoryforwinnersto6.betested(test)butotherparticipantsareonlytested7.atrandom.What’smore，“gene-therapy”willbethenextbigthreat.Inthefuture，athleteswhohavetheirgenes8.changed(change)mightbeabletodobetter9.thantheyshouldbeso10.ifdopingandgene-therapycontinuetoaffecttheoutcomesofmajorsportingevents，theword“hero”willhavelostallmeaning.[聯(lián)想微空間]1.annual相關形容詞全掃描①weekly每周的②monthly每月的③daily每日的④quarterly每季度的⑤hourly每小時的⑥minutely每分鐘的2.oppose近/反義詞大全①rejectv．拒絕②objectv．反對；不贊成③agreev．同意→disagreev．反對④agreementn．同意→disagreementn．不同意⑤approvev．贊成；批準→disapprovev．不贊成⑥approvaln．贊成；批準→disapprovaln．不贊成3.“開始/著手做某事”短語精選①getdowntodoingsth.②setouttodosth.③setaboutdoingsth.④settledowntosth.⑤start/begindoing/todosth.(對應學生用書P164)seek(sought，sought)vt.尋找，尋求；追求；探求；探索；試圖[高考佳句](2015·重慶卷)Besides，businessesseektoappealtocustomers’senses.此外，商業(yè)公司尋求吸引顧客們的感官。考點必記seeksth.fromsb.向某人請求/尋求某物seekafter/forsb.(sth.)尋求某人(某物)seekone’sfortune尋找成功(致富)的機會seekout找出；尋出seektodosth.試圖做某事單句語法填空①Onewaychildrenseekmoreattentionfromparentsisbymakingthemselvesdifferentfromtheirsiblings，particularlyiftheyarecloseinage.孩子們尋求父母更多關注的一種方式是通過使自己與兄弟姐妹不同，尤其是當他們年齡相仿時。②Everyyear，newgraduatesareseekingforjobssuitableforthemselves.每年都有新的大學畢業(yè)生在尋找適合自己的工作。③Theysoughtoutahandyspotwheretheymightsitdownandrest.他們找到了一個可以坐下休息而且方便的地方。[語境助記]HetoldusthathewasgoingtoBeijingtoseekhisfortuneandIsuggestedthatheshouldseekadvicefromhisteacherandshouldn’tseekafter/forcomfort，personalfameorgain.他告訴我們他要去北京碰碰運氣，我建議對這件事情他應該請教他的老師，不要一味地貪圖安逸，追名逐利。robv．使喪失；搶劫；盜竊；剝奪[有道詞典]Mrs.Yacoubwasrobbedofher￡3,000designerwatchatherWestLondonhome.雅各布夫人那塊價值3000英鎊的名牌手表在西倫敦的家中被人搶走了?？键c必記robsb./sp.ofsth.搶某人/某地的某物stealsth.fromsb./sp.從……那里偷某物robberyn．搶劫robbern．盜賊；強盜用rob的正確形式填空/同義句改寫①Armedrobbersbrokeintoajeweller’sthroughaholeinthewall.全副武裝的劫匪通過墻上的洞進入了珠寶店。②Themanisservingasentenceforrobberywithviolence.那個人因為暴力搶劫而服刑。③Thebankwasrobbedandshutdown，butreopenedlastweek.那所銀行因遭搶劫而關閉，但是，上周重新開業(yè)。Robbedandshutdown，thebankreopenedlastweek.(用過去分詞作狀語改寫句子)opposevt.&vi.反對；反抗[高考佳句](2017·全國卷Ⅲ)Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.許多農民反對這個計劃，因為害怕狼會吃他們農場的牲畜和寵物?？键c必記(1)opposedoingsth.反對做某事opposesb.doingsth.反對某人做某事(2)opposedadj.相反的；對立的beopposedto(doing)sth.反對(做)某事；與(做)某事對立單句語法填空①Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeeding(feed)ababyregularly.我一貫反對定時地喂嬰兒。②Weallstronglyopposedriving(drive)afterdrinking.我們都強烈反對酒后駕車。③Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.父母極力反對女兒單獨去那里。表示“反對”的短語薈萃：prohibitvt.禁止，阻止[教材原句]SincetheSARSepidemicended，scientistshavebeendoingtrialsontreatmentstoprohibitanyfutureoutbreaks.“非典”疫潮結束后，科學家們就一直在做醫(yī)學實驗以預防將來再次爆發(fā)?？键c必記(1)prohibit(doing)sth.禁止(做)某事(2)prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事(3)prohibitionn．禁止；禁令同義句改寫Somepeoplethinkthatit’snecessarytoprohibitpeople’susingmobilephonesinsomeplaces.→①Somepeoplethinkthatit’snecessarytoprohibitpeoplefromusingmobilephonesinsomeplaces.→②Somepeoplethinkthatit’snecessarytoprohibitusingmobilephonesinsomeplaces.一些人認為在一些地方很有必要禁止(人們)使用手機。[寫作佳句]14departmentsareworkingtogethertoprohibitthehuntingofwildanimalsintheprovince.14個部門正在共同努力禁止在全省獵捕野生動物。類似于“prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.”的表達法薈萃：declinevi.&vt.下降；衰退；謝絕n．下降；衰退[高考佳句](2017·江蘇卷)AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina，forinstance.年輕勞動力急劇下降的情況可能會在中國出現(xiàn)?？键c必記(1)declinetodosth婉拒做某事(2)declinein/ofsth在某方面減少/下降onthedecline走下坡路，在衰退中fall/gointo(a)decline開始衰落，陷入衰退(1)寫出下列句中decline的詞性和含義①Iinvitedhertomywedding，butshedeclinedmyinvitation.v.謝絕②Thecompanyreportedasmalldeclineinitsprofits.n.下降③Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastmonth.v.下降④IndustryinBritainhasbeenindeclinesincethe1970s.n.衰退(2)單句語法填空⑤Theintensecompetitionfromoverseashascausedthecottonindustryfallintoadecline.來自海外的激烈競爭導致國內棉花產業(yè)的衰退。(3)單句改錯⑥Thepopulationisinthedecline.in→on或去掉the[寫作佳句]Ireallyappreciateyourinvitation，butImustdeclineitbecauseIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.非常感謝你們的邀請，但我不得不謝絕。因為我有一個非常重要的會議要參加。equipvt.使有準備；配備；裝備[牛津]Theboysequippedthemselveswithtorchesandrope，andsetoff.男孩們帶上火把和繩索出發(fā)了?？键c必記(1)equip...with...用……裝備……equip...forsth/todosth為了……而裝備……beequippedfor/todosth為……裝備好；做好準備(2)equipment[U]n．設備，設施完成句子①Theemergencyservicesareequippedtodealwithdisastersofthiskind.急救隊配有裝備，可處理此類災難事件。②(2017·天津卷)Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment(equip)，allowingmorepatientstobetreated.那所醫(yī)院最近得到了新的醫(yī)療設備，從而可以使更多的病人得到治療。③Theyareskillswhichequipthemforrealsituationstheymightfaceintheirlives.這些技能可以讓他們應付生活中可能會發(fā)生的真實狀況。[寫作佳句]Goodeducationisofgreatvitalforeveryone.Youreducationwillequipyouforyourfuturelife.好的教育對每一個人都非常重要。你所受的教育將使你能適應今后的生活。[名師指津]equipment是不可數(shù)名詞，表示一件設備時，用apieceofequipment。submitvt.提交；遞交vi.&vt.服從，屈服[教材原句]Youweresupposedtosubmititonthe14thJune.你本應該在6月14日提交它(文章)?？键c必記submit...to...把……提交給……；向……提出submitsb/oneselfto使某人/自己甘受，服從submitto服從于，屈服于單句語法填空①Hesaidthathehadsubmittedthereportonthemattertothedirector.他說他已經把關于這件事的報告上交給了主任。②Theyhadtosubmittoathoroughbodysearchattheairportforthesakeofsafety.為了安全起見，在機場，他們不得不接受仔細的搜身檢查。③Theyhadtosubmitthemselves(they)tohisjudgement.他們不得不服從他的判決。[名師指津]在submit...to...短語中，submit是及物動詞，意為“呈交，提交”；而在submitto短語中，submit是不及物動詞，意為“服從，屈服”。concernv．影響；涉及，與……有關；讓某人擔憂；n.擔心，憂慮；關心[有道詞典]TheAmericanladydoesn’tconcernherselfwithpolitics.那位美國女士不關心政治?？键c必記concernedadj.擔心的；憂慮的；感興趣的asfarassb.beconcerned就某人而言eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beconcernedabout/for,concernoneselfabout/for))對……擔心/關心eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beconcernedwithsb./sth.,concernoneselfwithsb./sth.))與……有關concerningprep.關于單句語法填空①Concerning(concern)thetoll-freepolicyontheexpressway，whatconcerns(concern)usmostisthetrafficjamswhilesomeareconcerned(concern)about/forthesafety.②Concerned(concern)aboutthestudent，theteachercalledhisparentstofindoutwhyhewassooftenabsentfromclass.③(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料)．[寫作佳句]AsfarasI’mconcerned，ridingbicyclesisagoodsolution.就我而言，騎自行車是一個好的解決辦法。atallcosts不惜代價地，無論如何[牛津]Youmuststopthepressfromfindingoutatallcosts.你必須不惜一切代價阻止媒體查明真相?？键c必記(1)atthecost/expenseof...喪失，犧牲；以……為代價atacostof...以……的費用/價格atanycost以任何代價(2)costsb.sth.花某人……，使某人付出/喪失用cost的相關短語填空①Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.以喪失珍貴的森林為代價制造棕櫚油。②Newtechnologieshavemadeitpossibletoturnoutnewproductsfasterandatalowercost.新興科技已經使得更快地、以更低的成本生產新產品成為可能。③Wearedeterminedtoobtainourrightsatanycost.我們決定要不惜一切代價獲取我們的權利。[寫作佳句]Imustfinishtheworkbytomorrowatallcosts/atanycost.ForIhaveanotherurgenttasktodothedayaftertomorrow.我無論如何得在明天之前完成這項工作。因為后天我還有一個緊急的工作要做。atanyrate無論如何；不管怎樣；至少[教材原句]Iftrendscontinuethewaythey’regoing，theninmyopinion，yes—indevelopedcountriesatanyrate.如果趨勢繼續(xù)以它們現(xiàn)在的方式發(fā)展下去的話，我認為至少在發(fā)達國家是那樣?？键c必記atthis/thatrate照此情形；如此下去atthe/arateof以……的速度或比率；以……的價格完成句子①Atanyrate，Ideterminedtowaitforhisdefinitereply.無論如何，我決心等他給我一個肯定的答復。②Localbusinessesareclosingatarateofthreeayear.地方企業(yè)正在以每年三家的速度關閉。③Ifyougoonatthatrate，youwillinjureyourhealth.如果你繼續(xù)那樣下去的話，你會把身體搞垮的。[寫作佳句]Hedoesn’tunderstandme，oratanyratenotfully.他并不了解我，至少是了解得不全面。wipeout徹底毀滅；全部摧毀[教材原句]Epidemicscanwipeoutuptohalfofthepopulationinurbanareas.流行病可以毀滅居住在城市的多達一半的人口?？键c必記wipeaway擦掉，清除掉wipesth.off/from...從……上擦去某物wipedown/up徹底揩擦干凈單句語法填空①IhastilywipedupthemilkIhadspilled.我連忙把灑出來的牛奶擦干凈。②Yourarmsaremycastle；yourheartismysky.TheywipeawaytearsthatIcry.你的手臂就是我的城堡，你的心就是我的天空。他們擦去我哭泣的眼淚。[寫作佳句]Firstly，Icollectedallthebooks，newspapersandotherthingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.ThenIwipedthedustoffallthefurniture.首先，我把所有的書籍、報紙和其他的散落在屋子里的東西收集起來放好，接著我掃去所有家具上的灰塵。toleratevt.忍受；容忍單句語法填空①Hewon’ttolerateanyonequestioning(question)hisdecisions.②Perhapsyouneedtobetolerantofyourneighbors.③Ihaveahightoleranceto/towardthatstuff.④Hewasbeyondtoleranceatlast，andleftangrily.caterv．迎合；滿足需求；提供飲食及服務單句語法填空①Ournewspaperstrytocaterfor/toallopinions.②It’saholidaycompanythatcatersfortheelderly.③Whoiscateringforyourdaughter’swedding?④It’sthekindofmoviethatcaterstotheworstsideofhumannature.postponevt.推遲；延期(1)單句語法填空①Wearepostponingourtripuntiltheweatherisfine.②Ourschoolhasdecidedtopostponeholding(hold)thesportsmeetingbecauseoftheheavyrain.③Thesummersportsmeetinginourschoolhasbeenpostponed(postpone)forseveralweeksfortheheavyrain.(2)單句改錯④Theydecidedtopostponestartthetrip，owingtothechangeoftheweather.start→startingcircumstancen．環(huán)境；情況；情形完成句子/單句語法填空①Undernocircumstancesmustyouleavethehouse(你必須離開房子)．②Youmustnotmentionyourcolleagueunderanycircumstances(在任何情況下)．③IranandIraqalsohavethepotentialtoexportmore，ifcircumstancesallow/permit(如果情況允許)．④Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.⑤Today，we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.invain枉費心機，白費力氣，徒勞無益單句語法填空/完成句子①Moneyspentonthebrainisneverspentinvain.②Shewasvainof/abouthergoodlooks.③Thepolicetriedinvain/vainlytobreakuptheprotestcrowds.警察企圖驅散抗議的人群，但是沒有成功。atrandom隨便地，隨意地單句語法填空/單句改錯①Youcanchoose7numbersatrandom.②Theythrowoutallofthesebehaviorsra