專題 10 推理判斷題

專題10推理判斷題之人物性格推斷技法指導人物性格推斷題考查對文章中出現(xiàn)的人物性格進行分析和推斷的能力，解答此類題時，首先要把握文章的主要思想或抓住文中列舉的具體事實，要特別注意所描寫人物的語言以及其言談舉止中流露出的情緒情感等。充分利用表達情感色彩、主觀態(tài)度和個人觀點的詞語來推斷人物的性格。牢記常見有關(guān)人物性格的詞語able有才干的,能干的；adaptable適應(yīng)性強的active主動的,活躍的；aggressive有進取心的ambitious有雄心壯志的；amiable和藹可親的amicable友好的；analytical善于分析的apprehensive有理解力的；audacious大膽的,有冒險精神的；capable有能力的,有才能的careful辦理仔細的；competent能勝任的；constructive建設(shè)性的cooperative有合作精神的；creative富創(chuàng)造力的dedicated有奉獻精神的；dependable可靠的diplomatic老練的,有策略的； disciplined守紀律的dutiful盡職的； well--educated受過良好教育的efficient有效率的；energetic精力充沛的expressivity善于表達；faithful守信的,忠誠的frank直率的,真誠的；generous寬宏大量的gentle有禮貌的humorous有幽默；impartial公正的independent有主見的；industrious勤奮的ingenious有獨創(chuàng)性的；motivated目的明確的intelligent理解力強的；learned精通某門學問的logical條理分明的；methodical有方法的modest謙虛的；objective客觀的precise一絲不茍的；punctual嚴守時刻的realistic實事求是的；responsible負責的sensible明白事理的；sporting光明正大的steady踏實的；systematic有系統(tǒng)的purposeful意志堅強的；sweet-tempered性情溫和的temperate穩(wěn)健的；tireless孜孜不倦的ADevonGallagher,acollegegraduatefromPhiladelphia,wantstheworldtoknowexactlywhereshe'sbeenduringherworldwidevacationinaspecialway.Thetraveler,whowasbornwithabonedisease,hadherrightlegamputated（截肢）attheageoffour.AlthoughtheamputationcausedsetbacksforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.Tospreadthatmessage,Gallagherhastakentosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheglobe,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tagging,shewritesherlocationacrossherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdamrelaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takingspectacularpicturesinAthensandenjoyingarivercruiseinBudapest,allwiththewell-knownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.“IgetanewlegeverytwoyearsandIcanchoosethedesignonit.OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalkboard，”Gallaghersaid.“Mymumandgrandmotherweren'ttookeenontheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid.”Gallaghersaidpeopleoftenstarewhenshe'swritingonherleg,butonceshesharesthephotos,shereceivesonlypositivefeedback.“Myleghasn'tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI'vewantedtodo，”shesaid.“Idon'tknowifit'smydeterminationtoprovetomyselfthatIcandoit,butregardless,I'vebeenabletokeepupwithmypeersandleadaprettygreatlife.”Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.1．WhatmessagedidGallagherwanttospreadinherspecialway?A．Sheenjoyshertravelingacrosstheglobe.B．Shesufferslittlefromherlegamputation.C．Shelooksonhermisfortuneasanotherformofblessing.D．Shehasexactlyfalleninlovewithpostingphotosonline.2．Whatdoestheword“which”underlinedinParagraph4referto?A．TheContinent. B．Thepictures.C．Theleg. D．Thelocations.3．Gallaghercanbestbedescribedas .A．helpfulandambitiousB．friendlyandgenerousC．determinedandcreativeD．independentandsensible4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．NeverTooLatetoShareB．ASpecialArtificialLegC．AnOutstandingPhotographerD．Gallagher'sSummerHolidaysBOutsidetheHousesofParliamenttherestandsastatueofRichardIseatedonhishorseasevidencethathewasoneofEngland'sbravestandgreatestkings...orwashe?Itappearsthathehadn'tmuchinterestinbeingking.Inhistenyears（1189－1199）asking,heonlyspentafewmonthsinEngland.LittledidtheEnglishpeopleowe（欠）himforhisservices,andheavilydidtheypayforhisadventures.KingRichardlovedwar,notsomuchforpoliticalends,butasothermenlovescienceorpoetry,fortheexcitementofthestruggle.Heearnedthetitle“LionHeart”ashewasabravewarrior.Amanofbloodandviolence,Richardwasasreadytoforgiveashewasquicktooffend（冒犯）.Asanoutstandingmilitaryleader,hispoliticalschemeshadnoclearpurpose.When,onthejourneytotheEast,MessinainSicilywaswonbyhisarmshewaseasilypersuadedtoshareitwithhisfaithlessally,PhilipAugustus.TherichacquisitionofCypruswascastawayevenmoreeasilythanitwaswon.Hislifewasoneremarkableparade,which,whenended,leftonlyanemptyplain.In1199,whenthedifficultiesofraisingmoneyfortheendlesswarwereattheirheight,goodnewswasbroughttoKingRichard.AtreasureofwonderfulqualitywassaidtohavebeenunearthednearthecastleofChaluz.TheKingclaimedthistreasurebutthelordofChaluzresistedthedemand.ItwaswhileattackingthecastlethatRichardwasshotbyacrossbowbolt（弩箭）intheshoulder.Thewoundwasserious,andtheLionHeartknewthathemustpayasoldier'sdebt.Hearrangedhisaffairs;hedividedhispersonalbelongingsamonghisfriends.Heorderedthearcherwhohadshothimtobebroughtbeforehim.Richardgavehimsomemoneyandsethimfree.KingRicharddiedattheageof41fromthiswound.Thethrone（王位）passedtohisbrotherJohn.AsadendfortheLionHeart,andalsoforpoorBertramthearcher.DespitetheKing'spardonhewashanged.5．WhatdoestheauthorimplybysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?A．TheEnglishpaidlowtaxes.B．TheEnglishshowedlittlerespectforhim.C．TheEnglishreceivedlittleprotectionfromhim.D．TheEnglishhadnorealreasontofeelgratefultohim.6．Richard'sbehaviourasdeathapproachedshowedhis .A．calmandkindnessB．devotionandromanceC．braveryandself-controlD．wisdomandcorrectness7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Richardbrokehiswordatlast.B．Richardwaspulleddownbyhisbrother.C．Richardregrettedhavingalifeoffighting.D．Richardfailedtoinfluencehisbrother'sdecision.COnMarch30,1867,theUnitedStatessignedatreaty（條約）tobuywhatwouldlaterbecomeitslargeststate.U．S.SecretaryofStateWilliamSewardagreedtopayD|S7.2milliontoRussiaforAlaska.RussiahadestablishedpermanentsettlementsinAlaskabeginninginthelate1700s.（Atthetime,theareawasalreadyhometotensofthousandsofnativeAlaskans.）ButafterlosinganexpensivewarwithEnglandandFranceinthe1850s,Russiabadlyneededmoney.ItsleadersturnedtotheU．S.toselltheterritory（領(lǐng)土）,andSewardwaseagertobuy.HethoughtthathavingahugeterritoryalongthenorthernPacificOceanwouldmakeiteasierfortheU．S.totradewithcountriesinAsia.ThoughmuchofAlaskawasunexplored,Sewardbelievedithadabundantresourcesthatcouldleadtoaboominthefurtrade,fishing,andotherindustries.TheAlaskaPurchasewasapprovedquicklybytheU．S.Senate（參議院）andsignedbyPresidentAndrewJohnson.Despitethebargainpriceofroughlytwocentsanacre,theAlaskaPurchasewasridiculedinCongress（國會）andinthepressas“Seward'sfolly".Criticsbelievedthelandwasworthless一nothingmorethansnowandice.ButanyquestionaboutAlaska'svaluewasforgottenafterseveralmajordiscoveriesofgoldduringthe1880sand1890s.Aswordspread,anestimated100,000peopleflockedthere,hopingtostrikeitrich.Itmadecriticschangetheirtune.Unfortunately,Sewardnevergottoseehisdecisionacknowledgedforthegreataccomplishmentitwas,ashepassedawayin1872,beforethegoldreserveshadbeenfound.Today,“Seward'sDay”iscelebratedinAlaskaonthelastMondayofMarcheachyear,inhonorofSeward'spurchasingtheAlaskanterritoryfromRussia.Nowadays,Alaskaisstillrecognizedforitswealthofnaturalresources.Twoofitsbiggestindustriesareoilandfishing.Alaskahasalsoturnedintoatouristdestinationforpeoplewholovetheoutdoors.Eachyear,nearly2millionpeoplevisitAlaskatoseeitsscenicnationalparksandabundantwildlife.8．WhydidRussiasellAlaska?A．TheU．S.madeaveryhighbid.B．Becauseofitspreparationsforwar.C．BecauseofthehistoryofnativeAlaskans.D．Russiawassufferingfromfinancialproblems.9．Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“folly”inParagraph4?A．Illegaltrade. B．Smartidea.C．Stupidact. D．Fairdeal.10．ItwasprovedthatSeward .A．washotheaded B．wasfar-sightedC．madeahugemistake D．madeagreatsacrifice11．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Alaska'sculture.B．Alaska'seconomy.C．Alaska'slandownership.D．Alaska'sclimateandwildlife.答案：A語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。DevonGallagher在四歲時因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是這并沒有影響她對夢想的追求。她到世界各地旅行，并將自己的旅行情況寫在假肢上并拍照片發(fā)到社交媒體。她的故事告訴人們：不要讓任何東西阻礙你追求夢想。1.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Althoughtheamputation...shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.”并結(jié)合第三段的內(nèi)容可知，她想要傳達的信息是她將自己的不幸看作是另一種形式的幸運，故C項正確。解析：選B代詞指代題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdam，分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為pictures,which指代先行詞，在從句中作主語，故B項正確。解析：選C推理判斷題。閱讀全文可知，DevonGallagher在四歲時因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是這并沒有影響她對夢想的追求；她到世界各地旅行，并將自己的旅行情況寫在假肢上并拍照片發(fā)到社交媒體據(jù)此可推知，DevonGallagher有毅力而且有創(chuàng)造力，故C項正確。解析：選B標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了DevonGallagher雖然被截肢，但是這并沒有影響她對夢想的追求，她到世界各地旅行，并將自己的旅行情況寫在假肢上并拍照片發(fā)到社交媒體。故B項最適合作文章標題。詞匯積累：inspirationn.靈感；鼓舞；吸氣；妙計inspirevt.激發(fā)；鼓舞；啟示；產(chǎn)生；使生靈感inspiritvt.激勵，鼓舞；使振奮cruisen.乘船游覽，游船度假keenon喜愛；熱衷于...stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事determinationn.決心；果斷；測定determinedadj.決定了的；堅決的leadaprettygreatlife過著美好的生活misfortunen.不幸；災(zāi)禍，災(zāi)難fallinlovewith愛上referto指的是sensibleadj.明智的；通情達理的；合乎情理的B語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了英格蘭國王——“獅心王”理查一世。解析：選D推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Inhistenyears(1189—1199)asking,heonlyspentafewmonthsinEngland."和畫線部分后的“heavilydidtheypayforhisadventures"以及下文提到的理查國王熱衷于征戰(zhàn)可知，他不關(guān)心百姓民生，沒有做什么讓人民感激的事。解析：選A推理判斷題。第三段后半部分提到理查國王知道自己將不久于人世后妥善安排了自己的后事，將個人財產(chǎn)送給了朋友，而且原諒了射傷自己的敵兵，將他釋放。這些做法充分展示了國王面對死亡的平靜坦然和仁慈之心。解析：選D推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“DespitetheKing'spardonhewashanged."可知，理查國王的繼承者無視他的命令將射傷他的兇手判以絞刑，故D項正確。詞匯積累：therestand...矗立著 statuen.雕像，塑像payfor為.付出代價adventuren.冒險；冒險精神；投機活動politicaladj.政治的；黨派的poetryn.詩；詩意，詩情；詩歌藝術(shù)poemn.詩復(fù)數(shù)poemspoetn.詩人復(fù)數(shù)poetsmilitaryadj.軍事的schemen.計劃；組合；體制；詭計journeyn.(尤指長途)旅行，行程allyn.同盟國；伙伴；同盟者；acquisitionn.獲得物，獲得；收購castaway扔掉;拋棄paraden.游行remarkableadj.卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的plainn.平原；無格式；樸實無華的東西raisemoney集資;籌款;籌錢;籌集資金treasuren.財富，財產(chǎn)；財寶；珍品unearthvt.發(fā)掘；揭露，發(fā)現(xiàn)；從洞中趕出belongingsn.［經(jīng)］財產(chǎn)，所有物set.f