賓語(yǔ)從句精講專練

賓語(yǔ)從句定義：由一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，這樣的復(fù)合句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：HecanspeakEnglish（這是簡(jiǎn)單句，不是賓語(yǔ)從句）(動(dòng)詞)（名詞賓語(yǔ)）Hesays(that)hecanspeakEnglish（賓語(yǔ)從句）(動(dòng)詞)（句子賓語(yǔ)）Hesays(that)hecanspeakEnglish(主句)（從句）賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞：賓語(yǔ)從句通常由連接詞來(lái)連接。eq\o\ac(○,1).由that連接（that在句中不作成分，無(wú)意義，可省略）注：所跟從句為陳述句時(shí)，用that連接例如：Hesays.Heisastudent.(合并為一句)Hesays(_______)heisastudent.eq\o\ac(○,2).由If或whether連接（If/whether當(dāng)“是否”講.在句中不作成分，但有意義，不可省略）注：所跟從句為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用If/whether連接例如：Heasks.Isheastudent?(合并為一句)Heasks________heisastudent.eq\o\ac(○,3).由特殊疑問(wèn)詞who.Whose.Whom.Which.When.Where.How.Howmany.Howlong.Howsoon.Howoften等連接。（這些詞在句中作成分，有意義，不可省略）注：所跟從句為特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用特殊疑問(wèn)詞連接。例如：Hewantstoknow.Whenwillhecomeback?(合并為一句)Hewantstoknow__________shewillcomeback.賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序：從句用陳述語(yǔ)序例如：1.Heasksifheisastudent.(陳述語(yǔ)序)2.Heasksifisheastudent.（ⅹ）(疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)：eq\o\ac(○,1).當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（并非只指一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，也可以是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)等現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用它所需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。例如：he___________(study)Englisheverydayhe___________(study)Englishnowhe___________(study)EnglishtomorrowHesays(that)he___________(study)Englishforfiveyearshe___________(study)Englishfrom8to9yesterdayeveninghe___________(study)Englishfivedaysagoeq\o\ac(○,2).當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（并非只指一般過(guò)去時(shí)，只要是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)形式即可）時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用它所相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)形式。例如：he___________(study)Englisheverydayhe___________(study)Englishnowhe___________(study)EnglishtomorrowHesaid(that)he___________(study)Englishforfiveyearshe___________(study)Englishfrom8to9yesterdayeveninghe___________(study)Englishfivedaysagoeq\o\ac(○,3).當(dāng)從句描述的是事實(shí)、真理或格言、諺語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Hesays(said)thattheearth__________(go)aroundthesun.Hesays(said)thatit_______(be)bettertogivethantorevieve.注意以下這種結(jié)構(gòu)：CouldyoutellmewhenIcanleave?“could”這里表委婉語(yǔ)氣，不是指過(guò)去時(shí),所以從句用“can”而不能用“could”。賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)化：在特殊疑問(wèn)詞及whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)、主句的賓語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)人時(shí)，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”或“whether+動(dòng)詞不定式”的形式，從而使賓語(yǔ)從句成為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。例如：IwanttoknowwhenIwillgotoBeijing(同義句)IwanttoknowwhentogotoBeijingSheaskedmewhetherIcouldfinishmyhomework（同義句）Sheaskedmewhethertofinishmyhomework（注：賓語(yǔ)從句，主要從三個(gè)方面考查1.連接詞的選擇2.從句的語(yǔ)序3.時(shí)態(tài)做賓語(yǔ)從句的練習(xí)時(shí)，只要把這三個(gè)方面結(jié)合起來(lái)考慮，一般不會(huì)出錯(cuò)。）鞏固練習(xí)一、連接詞的考查1.--Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?--Sure.Nowletmetellyou_______first.A.whichtodoB.howtodoC.whentodoD.whattodo2.—Haveyoudecided_________todonext? —Notyet.A.whatB.howC.whereD.when3.IneedyourhelpbecauseIdon'tknow_________.A.howtodoitB.howtodoC.whattodoitD.whatshouldIdo4.Willthe29thOlympicGamesbeheldinBeijing?Couldyoutellme?（合并成含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句）Couldyoutellme________the29thOlympicGames________beheldinBeijing?5.Whileflying,abatmakesasoundwhichhitsthingsandcomesbacktoitsears.Inthiswayit’sabletoknow______thethingsareandavoidbumpingintothem.A.how B.where C.whatD.which6.Iwonder______youwouldliketocometomybirthdayparty.A.that

B.whether

C.thatif

D.thatwhether

7._____prettyyourdressis!Wheredidyougetit?A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata8.---Millie,couldyougivemesomeadvice?Idon’tknow_________.---Whydon’tyouwearthisredshirt?A.whentowearB.whattowearC.howtowearD.wheretowear9.—Howareyoufeelinghere?—It'squitehot.Idon'tknow______togoorstay.A.howB.whenC.whetherD.where10.--Doyouremember______hecamehere?--OfcourseIdo.Hisfatherdrovehimhere.A.whetherB.whenC.howD.why二、語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)的考查1.Doyouknow________overthere?A.whathappensB.whatwashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatdidhappen2.Ididn’tunderstand________________,soIraisedmyhandtoask.A.whatmyteachersaysB.whatdoesmyteachersayC.whatmyteachersaidD.whatdidmyteachersay3.--Canyousee____?---No.Let’sgoandhavealook.Maybewecanhelpthem.A.whatwasgoingonthere B.whataretheydoingthereC.whatweretheydoingthere D.whatisgoingonthere4.--Couldyoutellme____forthemeetingyesterday?--Becausethetrafficwasbad.

A.whydidyoucomelateB.whyyoucamelateC.whydoyoucomelateD.whyyoucomelate

5.Tomsaidhe______backinaweek.

A.willcome

B.wouldcome

C.come

6.—Excuseme.WheredoesMr.Wanglive?—I'msorry.Idon'tknow______

A.wherehelives

B.wherehelive

C.wheredoeshelive

7.—Couldyoutellme______,please?—Yes.WalkalongZhongshanRoadforabout300metres.It’sonyourleft.A.howcanIgettoHualianSupermarket B.howIcangettoHualianSupermarketC.howdidIgettoHualianSupermarket D.howIgottoHualianSupermarket8.Pleasetellme______.Ihavesomegoodnewsforhim.A.whereRobertlives B.wheredoesRobertliveC.whereRobertlived D.wheredidRobertlive9.--Excuseme,couldyoutellme__________?---Sorry,sir.Iwasn’tthereatthattime.A.howdidtheaccidenthappenB.howtheaccidenthappenedC.howdoestheaccidenthappenD.howtheaccidenthappens10.Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme?A.whereisthebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere11.Idon’tknow________thecharityshowtomorrow.Canyoutellme?A.whenwestartB.whendidwestartC.whenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart12.Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.manlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike三、連接詞、語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)合的考查1.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________? —Yes.ThereisavideoshoponRiverRoad. A.wherecanIbuysomeCDs B.whereIcanbuysomeCDs C.whencanIbuysomeCDs D.whenIcanbuysomeCDs2.MrsBrowncouldn’tfindherpurse.Shedidn’tremember______. A.whoseitwas B.whereitwas C.whatitwas D.whenitwas3.--Couldyoutellme_______tomorrowmorning?--Well,itwillstartat9clock.A.whenthefilmwillstartB.wherewillthefilmstartsC.whenwillthefilmstartD.wherethefilmwillstart4.一Paul，IhearyouhavejustboughtaveryexpensiveMP4．1wanttoknow．—Oh，inJapan．A．howmuchitCOSTSB．whereyouboughtitC．whichcountryisitmadein5.—CanyouguesstheMP4playeryesterday?

—Sorry,I’venoideaaboutit.muchdidhepayforcanhegetmuchhepaidforhehasgot6.—WhattimewillMrBrownbebacktoChina?