山西省大同市渾源縣第七中學(xué)校高二英語寒假作業(yè)二

/21/21/高中假期英語作業(yè)姓名：班級：考號：第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。A◆ScienceMuseum,LondonRuns:Until5MayPrice:￡7ExhibitionabouttheLargeHadronColliderwhichusestheatreandvideo,aswellashandmadeworkstorecreatetheexperienceoftherealplaceandshowtheworkbehindthediscoveryoftheHiggs、boson.Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.◆WestonParkMuseum,SheffieldRuns:Until5MayPrice:FreeforstudentsUnderneaththe1960s-builtCastleMarketinSheffield,therearetheremainsofahistoricalcastle.Nowthatthemarketisbeingmoved,therehasbeenasuddengrowthininterestintheoldcastle.◆SeacityMuseum,SouthamptonRuns:ContinuedPrice:Entrancetothemuseumis￡4.50forstudentsExplorestheTitanicdisasteranditseffectonSouthampton,wheremorethanfive-hundredfamilieslostafamilymembertothedisaster.Theexhibitionrecreatesthesightsandsoundsof1912SouthamptonandendsilltheDisasterRoom,whereaseriesofeventsfromthemomentoftheTitanichittheicebergareexploredusingpowerfuloraldescriptionfromsurvivors.◆TheGuildhallLeicesterRuns:Until1JunePrice:FreeThisexhibitiontellsthehistoryofKingRichardIIIandofthesearchforhislostremains,eventuallyfoundunderneathacarparktwoyearsago.Theexhibitioncangivevisitorsaroundedviewofthelifeofthekingandhowhewasdiscovered.Greatforhistorystudents.1.TheScienceMuseummayattractthosewho________A.areinterestedinmoviemakingB.aregoodatdesigningstudyplanC.areeagertogetworkingexperienceD.aregoingtostudyphysicsincollege2.WhatcanweknowabouttheSeacityMuseum?A.Itwassetupin1912.B.Itisaboutdifferentdisasters.C.IttellsthewholehistoryofSouthampton.D.Itcontainstruestoriesofpersonalexperiences.3.Whatdothefourmuseumshaveincommon?A.Theyallchargenothingforvisitors.B.They’reallaboutthethemeofhistory.C.They’reallsuitableforstudentstovisit.D.Theyallhavebeenbuiltforalongtime.BWhenIwasinmyfourthyearofteaching,Iwasalso(andamstill)ahighschooltrackandfieldcoach.Oneyear,Ihadastudent,John,whoenteredmyclasswhenhewasajunior.JohnchangedtoourschoolfromGreece,andseemedtobeinterestedinathletics,soIencouragedhimtojoinourtrackteam.Iexplainedtohimthateventhoughhehadnevertakenpartinitbefore,Ididbelievethathecoulddowellinanyevent,andIwouldbewillingtocoachhimatwhicheveronesinterestedhim.Heacceptedtheoffer,andbegantoworkhardateverypractice.Aboutamonthlater,IhadfoundoutfromothersourcesthatJohnwasafirst-classtennisplayer,winningvariousjuniorawardsinhishomecountry.Iwenttohimasking,"John,Ireallyappreciatethatyoucameoutforthetrackteam,butwhydidn'tyouplaytennisinstead?Itseemsthatwouldinterestyoualotmore,sinceyou'resogoodatit."Johnanswered,"Well,Iliketennis,butyoutoldmethatyoubelievedinme,andthatyouthoughtIcoulddowellintrack,soIwantedtotryitforthatreason."Fromthenon,Ioftenremembermystudent'sreply.ItoldittoafriendandshesuggestedIwriteitdowntosharesomewherewithmoreteachers.Nomatterhowcriticalstudentscanbeofthemselves,I'vefoundthatasimple"Itrustthatyoucandoit!"cangoalongway!4.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatdoestheauthorthinkmoreabout?A.John'sstateofhealth. B.John'sPEmarks.C.John'sself-confidence. D.John'sinterestinsports.5.WhydidJohntakepartinthetrackteam?A.Hehadnotenniscoachtotrainhim. B.Hehadbeenanexcellentrunner.C.Hewasencouragedbyhisteacher. D.Helikedrunningmorethantennis.6.What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toshowtheimportanceofencouragement.B.Tobuildacloseteacher-studentrelationship.C.Tointroduceanewwayofsportstraining.D.Toexplainthevalueofsportsandgames.7.Whoisthepassagemainlywrittenfor?A.Players. B.Teachers.C.Parents. D.Students.CIn2015,amannamedNigelRichardsmemorized386,000wordsintheentireFrenchScrabbleDictionaryinjustnineweeks.However,hedoesnotspeakFrench.Richards’impressivefeatisausefulexampletoshowhowartificialintelligenceworks—realAI.BothofRichardandAItakeinmassiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyinacertainfield.ThepotentialapplicationsforAIareextremelyexciting.BecauseAIcanoutperformhumansatroutinetasks—providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.ButnoteveryjobwillbereplacedbyAI.Infact,fourtypesofjobsarenotatriskatall.First,therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.Second,thecomplex,strategicjobs—executives,diplomats,economists—gowellbeyondtheAIlimitationofsingle-fieldandBigData.Thentherearetheas-yet-unknownjobsthatwillbecreatedbyAI.Areyouworriedthatthesethreetypesofjobswon’temployasmanypeopleasAIwillreplace?Nottoworry,asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.Thesejobsrequirecompassion,trustandsympathy—whichAIdoesnothave.AndevenifAItriedtofakeit,nobodywouldwantarobottellingthemtheyhavecancer,orarobottobabysittheirchildren.SotherewillstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.Thismustbetheresponsibilitynotjustofthegovernment,whichcanprovidefunds,butalsoofcorporationsandthosewhobenefitmost.8.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.TomentionNigel’sfeat.C.Tostresstheimportanceofgoodmemory.D.TosuggesthumansgobeyondAIinmemory.9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“outperform”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Besuperiorto B.BeequaltoC.Besimilarto D.Berelatedto10.Whichofthefollowingjobsisthemostlikelytobereplaced?A.Thewriter. B.Theshopassistant.C.Thebabysitter. D.Thepsychologist.11.WhatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutjobreplacementofAI?A.LimittheapplicationofAItoacertaindegree.B.Getmoresupportfromthegovernment.C.Applyforthedonationfromcompanies.D.Upgradethemselvesallthetime.DOneofthemostcommonquestionsIamaskedishowpeopleshouldmoveonfromdisappointing,challengingorunexpectedsituations.Whiletherearemanyanswerstothisquestion,onethingthatalwaysstandsouttomeistheprocessofself-forgiveness.Peopleoftenfocusonlearningtoforgiveothersinlifeandsometimeswearealmostblindtothepossibilityofforgivingourselves.Itisabsolutelynaturaltofeelguilty,shamefulandpainfulifyou’vehurtalovedone,arguedwithaco-workeroryouarejustnothappywithyourself.Forgivenessisnotaboutjust“l(fā)ettinggo”ofthosefeelings,butdealingwiththeminapositivemanner.Asthesayinggoes,“It’snottheloadthatbreaksyoudown;it’sthewayyoucarryit.”Thesimpleactofmovingforwardcanbenefityouinthelongrun:Studiesshowthataninabilitytoself-forgivecanplayaroleinanxietyanddisappointment.Sohowtoletgoofyourself-anger?Acceptresponsibilityforwhatyou’vedone.Inthisstage,youwanttomoveawayfromyourexcuses.Withoutacceptingresponsibility,anyformofself-forgivenesswillbenegative.Adoptanewwayofthinkingaboutthemistake.Ifyoucarryoldbricksfromyourpastexperiences，youcanonlybuildthesamehousethatfellapartinthefirstplace.Youaremorelikelytorepeatamistakeifyoudon’tlearnfromit,andlearningrequirescompassion(同情).Whenachildfallsover,itisliftedupwithloveandcompassiontotryagain.Wemustpracticethiswithourselves.Taketimetoappreciatethatyoucanovercomeyourguilt,self-blameandfeelingsofpain.Appreciatethatyoucanmakechangesinyourlifetoavoidsimilarexperiencesinthefuture.Appreciatethatyoucancreateanewwayofliving.12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningthesayinginParagraph2?A.It’simportanttoletgoofbadfeelings.B.It’simportanttostaypositiveinourlife.C.It’simportanttocarrytheloadcorrectly.D.It’simportanttoforgiveourselvesinapositiveway.13Whatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddowhentryingtoforgiveourselves?A.Bewillingtoacceptresponsibility. B.Findsomeexcusesforourmistakes.C.Justletgoofnegativefeelings. D.Learntohavecompassion.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedointhelastparagraph?A.Weshouldovercomeourguilt. B.Weshouldreducefeelingsofpain.C.Weshouldappreciateourprogress. D.Weshouldcreateanewwayofliving.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LettingGoofYourAnger B.LearningtoForgiveYourselfC.MovingonfromUnexpectedSituations D.KnowingtheImportanceofForgiveness第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）Somefriendsinviteyouoverandserveyouadeliciousdinner.Someonelendsyouhiscarwhileyoursisbeingrepaired.Youaresick,andafriendbringsyouamealandcaresforyou.___16___Sometimessimplysayingthankyouisenough.Atothertimes,itisthoughtfultosaythankyouinamorespecificway.Besuretotellthatpersonwhatitisthatyouappreciateandwhyyouappreciateit.Herearecommonwaystosaythankyou.___17___Peopleareverybusythesedays.Ahandwrittennoteshowsyoutooktimetotellsomeonethatyouappreciatehimorher.Oryoucancallandthanktheperson.Youwouldbesurprisedhowthiscanmakesomeone’sday.Anotherideaistosendathank-youe-mailore-card.___18___Tosaythankyouinacreativeway,youcan:●selectsomeflowersfromaflorist;attachathank-younote.●presentthepersonwithabasketoffreshfruitorahome-madetreat.●Treatafriendtoamovie,meal,snackorcoffee.●giveagiftcardforabookstoreorarestaurant.___19___●findoutwhatthepersonlikesandgivesomethingrelatedtothat.●tosayabigthankyoutosomeone,throwapartyorhaveabarbecueinhonorofthatperson.Asyoucansee,therearemanywaystosaythankyou.____20____Youwillfeelgoodtryingoneoftheideas,andthepersonbeingthankedwillfeelgoodtoo.Itisawin-winsituation.A.Thinkofsomewaysofyourown.B.Youcanwriteathank-younote.C.Howdoyoushowyourgratitude?D.Thebestwayistogoandthankhiminperson.E.Apologizeifyouforgettoshowyourthanksatthespot.F.ThatwaythepersoncanpickoutafavoritebookoreatoutG.Thisisnotquiteaspersonal,butitstillshowsyourappreciation.第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié),滿分55分）第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題2分,滿分40分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。Wheneverwehearabout"thehomeless",mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.Butthe___21___isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa___22___countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking___23___forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany'scapital.Theyfirst___24___onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere___25___onholiday.KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,___26___atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren't___27___.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand___28___,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t___29___togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita___30___therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways___31___toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon___32___alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto___33___donations.Today,overthirtycompanies___34___donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto___35___themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer___36___newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno___37___fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,“andparentsshouldn’t___38___moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets___39___.Shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea___40___intheworld.21.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea22.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy23.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions24.A.began B.met C.called D.left25.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away26.A.broughtup B.setup C.putaside D.gaveaway27.A.enough B.necessary C.helpful D.expensive28.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring29.A.hesitate B.agree C.pretend D.intend30.A.madesense B.foundout C.madesure D.workedout31.A.open B.crowded C.noisy D.near32.A.costing B.wasting C.taking D.spending33.A.payfor B.askfor C.lookinto D.carryout34.A.completely B.calmly C.regularly D.roughly35.A.advertise B.sell C.deliver D.lend36.A.donates B.produces C.designs D.collects37.A.permission B.payment C.direction D.support38.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.expect39.A.surprised B.excited C.tired D.amused40.A.profit B.difference C.decision D.rule第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下列短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DearWangPin,___41___(know)thatyouaredelayedinWuhan,Iamreallygettingupsetaboutit.___42___areourclassmates.I’mwritingtoconveyourconcerntoyou___43___behalfoftheclass.Wordcame___44___Wuhanwasinbadconditionduetothespreadingnovelcoronavirus.___45___,there’snosenseworryingaboutittoomuch.Youaresupposedtostayoptimistic.Afterall,you___46___（mere）haveabitoffever.CollegeEntranceExaminationisaroundthecorner,youknow.Sopreciousistimethatwecan’tafford___47___(waste)it.Asscheduled,ouronlineclasswillbeheldonFeb.8.AlloftheclassmateshaveaccesstotheInternet___48___(course)whereveryouare.Itis___49___(convenience)forustostudy,isn’tit?IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?Feelfreetocontactme.Isincerelyexpectthatyoucanmake___50___quickrecoveryandreturntonormal.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分）51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Igoabroadforfurtherstudieshalfayearago.Ireceivedalotofpresent.Allwerewrappedincolourpaper.Amongthemwastwopresentswhichreallyinterestedinme.Mysisterboughtmethebookwithcolourpicturesaboutbodylanguageandwithwordsaboutcustomsofdifferentlycountriesinit.Mybrothergavemeanote,itread,“Mypresentforyouhasbeenputinmybedroom.”WhenIhurriedintomybedroom,Ifoundaboxinit.Openthebox,Ifoundapocketcomputer.Iwasveryglad.IunderstoodthesetwopresentswouldbegreathelptomeinimprovingmyEnglish.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52.新冠病毒疫情當(dāng)前，針對各地開展的網(wǎng)課，人們的看法不盡相同。假定你是李華，將參加主題為“WillTraditionalClassesbeReplacedbyOnlineClasses?”的英語征文比賽，請撰寫一篇英文稿件，主要內(nèi)容包括：1.網(wǎng)課出現(xiàn)的背景；2.網(wǎng)課的利弊；3.你的觀點。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：新型冠狀病毒novelcoronavirus學(xué)期semester監(jiān)管supervisioninteractions互動___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.D2.D3.C【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國的四個適合學(xué)生們?nèi)サ牟┪镳^，各自的開放時間，票價和主題特點?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)◆ScienceMuseum,London中showtheworkbehindthediscoveryoftheHiggs、boson.Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.可知倫敦科學(xué)博物館對物理感興趣或想學(xué)物理的學(xué)生有吸引力，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)◆SeacityMuseum,Southampton中whereaseriesofeventsfromthemomentoftheTitanichittheicebergareexploredusingpowerfuloraldescriptionfromsurvivors.從泰坦尼克撞上冰山的那一刻起，一系列事件就用幸存者強(qiáng)有力的口頭描述進(jìn)行了探索。可知其中有個人經(jīng)歷的真實講述，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一部分中Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.第二部分中Runs:Until5MayPrice:Freeforstudents和therehasbeenasuddengrowthininterestintheoldcastle.第三部分中￡4.50forstudents和ExplorestheTitanicdisasteranditseffectonSouthampton,第四部分Greatforhistorystudents.可知這四個博物館都適合學(xué)生們?nèi)⒂^，從中能學(xué)到或探索到感興趣的知識。故選C?！军c睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題是閱讀理解題中最簡單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的題。事實和細(xì)節(jié)題的命題特點是：對文章或某一段落中的一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章重要事實的理解，一般包括直接理解題和語義轉(zhuǎn)化題。直接理解題能在原文直接找到答案，而語義轉(zhuǎn)化題則需要將題目信息與原文信息加工或整理后才能得出結(jié)論。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介紹了英國的四個適合學(xué)生們?nèi)サ牟┪镳^，各自的開放時間，票價和主題特點。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實；3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上?？焖偻ㄆx，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如小題1考查倫敦博物館會吸引哪些人，根據(jù)◆ScienceMuseum,London中showtheworkbehindthediscoveryoftheHiggs、boson.Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.可知倫敦科學(xué)博物館對物理感興趣或想學(xué)物理的學(xué)生有吸引力。小題2考查SeacityMuseum的細(xì)節(jié)，根據(jù)◆SeacityMuseum,Southampton中whereaseriesofeventsfromthemomentoftheTitanichittheicebergareexploredusingpowerfuloraldescriptionfromsurvivors.從泰坦尼克撞上冰山的那一刻起，一系列事件就用幸存者強(qiáng)有力的口頭描述進(jìn)行了探索?？芍渲杏袀€人經(jīng)歷的真實講述。【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者鼓勵他的學(xué)生John加入田徑隊，后來作者發(fā)現(xiàn)John曾是一流的網(wǎng)球運動員，但John卻因為作者的鼓勵堅持留在田徑隊訓(xùn)練的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“JohnchangedtoourschoolfromGreece,andseemedtobeinterestedinathletics,soIencouragedhimtojoinourtrackteam.”可知，約翰從希臘轉(zhuǎn)到我們的學(xué)校，他似乎對田徑運動很感興趣，所以我鼓勵他加入我們的田徑隊。這說明作者對John在田徑運動方面的興趣給予了更多的關(guān)注。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“?…soIencouragedhimtojoinourtrackteam.Heacceptedtheoffer,andbegantoworkhardateverypractice.”可知，我鼓勵他加入我們的田徑隊。他接受了這個提議并開始努力地參與每一個練習(xí)。即約翰參加田徑隊的原因是他受到了老師的鼓勵。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Nomatterhowcriticalstudentscanbeofthemselves,I’vefoundthatasimple“Itrustthatyoucandoit!”cangoalongway!”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了無論學(xué)生對自己持怎樣的批評態(tài)度，簡單的一句話“我相信你可以做到！”就可以產(chǎn)生大不同，對他們產(chǎn)生積極深遠(yuǎn)的影響。因此作者寫這篇文章的目的是要表明鼓勵的重要性。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Fromthenon,Ioftenremembermystudent’sreply.ItoldittoafriendandshesuggestedIwriteitdowntosharesomewherewithmoreteachers.”可知，從那時起，我經(jīng)常記得我學(xué)生的答復(fù)。我把它告訴了一位朋友，她建議我寫下來，與更多的老師分享。由此可知，這篇文章主要是寫給老師的。故選B?！敬鸢浮?.A9.A10.B11.D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人工智能給人類帶來了驚喜和挑戰(zhàn)，挑戰(zhàn)主要體現(xiàn)在人工智能將在重復(fù)性工作上取代人類勞動力，但在大量需要創(chuàng)造性的工作領(lǐng)域，人工智能還無法勝任，人類無需過度恐慌?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容，特別是BothofRichardandAItakeinmassiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyinacertainfield.可知，理查德和人工智能都需要大量的數(shù)據(jù)來實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，在某一領(lǐng)域擁有無限的內(nèi)存和超人的準(zhǔn)確性。由此可知，第一段就是為了引出人工智能這一文章話題。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.可知，如果這個任務(wù)是在一個有大量數(shù)據(jù)的領(lǐng)域——從技術(shù)上講，它有能力在未來15年左右取代數(shù)億個白領(lǐng)和藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作。由此可知，AI在數(shù)據(jù)處理方面優(yōu)于人類。由此可知，劃線詞意為“優(yōu)于、勝過”。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三、四、五段內(nèi)容可知，AI在重復(fù)性工作上可以取代人類，但在創(chuàng)造性和投入感情的工作上無法取代，writer(作家)屬于創(chuàng)造性工作，psychologist(心理學(xué)家)和babysitter(臨時保姆)是需要投入感情的工作，故B項（商店售貨員）符合題意。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.可知，那么，關(guān)鍵就必須是對勞動力進(jìn)行再培訓(xùn)，使人們能夠從事這些工作。由此可知，面對AI取代人類工作的現(xiàn)象，人類所能做的事情就是不斷提升自己。故選D?！军c睛】如果所需猜測詞義的單詞后有破折號，破折號后起解釋說明作用的內(nèi)容是重要依據(jù)，例如本篇第2題，根據(jù)破折號后的providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.可知，如果這個任務(wù)是在一個有大量數(shù)據(jù)的領(lǐng)域——從技術(shù)上講，它有能力在未來15年左右取代數(shù)億個白領(lǐng)和藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作。由此可知，AI在數(shù)據(jù)處理方面優(yōu)于人類。由此可知，劃線詞意為“優(yōu)于、勝過”。故選A?！敬鸢浮?2.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人們在應(yīng)該如何擺脫不良情緒的困擾，作者認(rèn)為采取“自我寬恕”的辦法能夠解決這個問題，使自己的生活變得有意義。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Itisabsolutelynaturaltofeelguilty,shamefulandpainfulifyou’vehurtalovedone,arguedwithacoworkeroryouarejustnothappywithyourself.Forgivenessisnotaboutjust“l(fā)ettinggo”ofthosefeelings,butdealingwiththeminapositivemanner.Asthesayinggoes,“It’snottheloadthatbreaksyoudown;it’sthewayyoucarryit.””可知，如果你傷害了所愛的人，與同事爭吵或者你對自己不滿意，因此而感到內(nèi)疚、羞愧和痛苦是很自然的。寬恕不僅僅是放下這些感受，而是以積極的方式處理它們。俗話說：“能將你擊垮的不是壓力,而是你承受壓力的方式?！庇纱丝芍髡咄ㄟ^這個諺語想要表達(dá)的是以積極的方式原諒自己很重要，不要讓不良情緒把自己壓垮。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Acceptresponsibilityforwhatyou’vedone.Inthisstage,youwanttomoveawayfromyourexcuses.Withoutacceptingresponsibility,anyformofselfforgivenesswillbenegative.”可知，對你所做的事情要勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任。在此階段，你想找借口逃避現(xiàn)實。如果不承擔(dān)責(zé)任，任何形式的自我寬恕都是消極的。即作者認(rèn)為在嘗試寬恕自己時應(yīng)該愿意承擔(dān)責(zé)任。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Taketimetoappreciatethatyoucanovercomeyourguilt,selfblameandfeelingsofpain.Appreciatethatyoucanmakechangesinyourlifetoavoidsimilarexperiencesinthefuture.Appreciatethatyoucancreateanewwayofliving.”可知，花點時間去欣賞你能克服內(nèi)疚、自責(zé)和痛苦的感覺。感謝你可以改變你的生活，以避免將來發(fā)生類似的經(jīng)歷。感謝你能創(chuàng)造一種新的生活方式，由此判斷出我們應(yīng)該意識到在生活中我們可以取得進(jìn)步。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了人們在應(yīng)該如何擺脫不良情緒的困擾，作者認(rèn)為采取“自我寬恕”的辦法能夠解決這個問題，使自己的生活變得有意義。由此可知，B選項（學(xué)會寬恕自己。）可以作為文章的最佳標(biāo)題故選B。【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.F20.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章就如何向別人表示感激之情提供了一些方法和建議?！?6題詳解】考查段尾句。前文提到：一些朋友邀請您吃美味的晚餐。當(dāng)您的汽車在修理時，有人借給您他的汽車。您生病了，一位朋友為您送餐并照顧您。C項（那么您如何表達(dá)感激之情呢？）與上文連接通順。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查段首句。后文提到：現(xiàn)如今人們都很忙。手寫的感謝信表明您花時間告訴某人您對他或她表示感激。B項（您可以寫一封感謝信。）與下文連接通順，note一詞重復(fù)出現(xiàn)了。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查段尾句。前文提到：另一個想法是發(fā)送一封電子郵件或電子賀卡表示感謝。G項（這雖然不怎么個性化，但它仍然表明了您的感激之情。）與上文連接通順。故選G項?！?9題詳解】考查段中句。前文提到：給對方提供一張書店或餐館的禮品卡。F項（這樣人們就可以挑選自己喜歡的書或到餐館吃飯。）與上文連接通順，book與bookstore相關(guān)，eatout與restaurant相關(guān)。故選F項?！?0題詳解】考查段中句。前文提到：如您所見，有很多方法可以表示感謝。后文提到：嘗試其中一種想法會讓你感覺很好，而被感謝的人也會感覺很好。這是一個雙贏的局面。A項（考慮一下自己獨特的一些表示感謝的方式。）與上下文連接通順。故選A項?！敬鸢浮?1.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一對有愛心的德國夫婦舍棄了外出度假的時光，為那些無家可歸的人做飯，提供住宿。在花完自己的積蓄后他們還向公司求助，呼吁更多的人們?nèi)リP(guān)注那些無家可歸的人。他們希望在這個世界上可以多一份關(guān)愛，少一份痛苦?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。句意：但現(xiàn)實就是無家可歸的人到處都是。A.result結(jié)果;B.truth事實，真理；C.reason理由;D.idea主意。根據(jù)but可以判斷后句內(nèi)容和前句內(nèi)容“每當(dāng)我們聽到無家可歸這個詞，我們大多數(shù)人就會想到發(fā)展中國家”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前面說人們的想法，所以后面應(yīng)該是事實，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.developing發(fā)展中的；C.typical典型的；D.wealthy富裕的。根據(jù)空后likeGermany判斷前面是指像德國這樣的典型的發(fā)達(dá)國家，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.preparations籌備；B.houses房子；C.meals餐，飯；D.suggestions建議。根據(jù)后文KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome，madesandwiches可知他們?yōu)榈聡锥及亓值臒o家可歸者做飯已經(jīng)十一年了，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.began開始；B.met遇到；C.called打電話，叫；D.left離開。根據(jù)first可知此處指他們開始為這些無家可歸人們做飯是在一個漫長而炎熱的夏天，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。句意：當(dāng)大部分的德國人都離開去度假的時候。A.asleep睡著的；B.alone單獨的；C.across穿過；D.away離開，遠(yuǎn)去。他們是從一個漫長而炎熱的夏天開始，而在這個時候大多數(shù)德國人都外出度假了，選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.broughtup提出，撫養(yǎng)；B.setup搭建，安裝，布置，臨時搭起；C.putaside放一邊，儲存；D.gaveaway無償贈送，暴露。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分給那些無家可歸的人，由此判斷他們在街上布置好桌子，選B。【27題詳解】A.enough析及對語境的理解。A.enough足夠的；B.necessary有必要的；C.helpful幫助的；D.expensive貴的。由后句中的whatpeoplealsoneed…（人們還需要的是）可知，此處應(yīng)該表達(dá)的是“穆勒夫婦意識到只有食物和衣服并不夠”。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.fame名望；B.freedom自由；C.courage勇氣；D.caring關(guān)心.從and前面的warmth判斷選A。句意：他們還需要溫暖和關(guān)懷。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.hesitate猶豫；B.agree同意；C.pretend假裝；D.intend打算，想要。穆勒夫婦傾盡所有去幫助這些無家可歸的人們，由此判斷他們是毫不猶豫地把電話號碼給那些街上的人，并告訴他們隨時給他打電話。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析及對語境的理解。句意：Rita確保家里有人接電話。A.madesense講得通；B.foundout弄清楚； C.madeD.workedD.workedout計算出。結(jié)合上文Muller一家總是愿意把電話號碼給街上的人并告訴他們隨時可以打電話，可知Rita要確保家里有接電話的人，故選C。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.open開放的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.noisy嘈雜的，吵鬧的；D.near附近的。由上文可知他們一家隨時在都會幫助那些無家可歸的人們，所以此處是指她家對那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是隨時敞開著的。beopento意為“對某人是敞開的；對……開放”，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析及對語境的理解。A.costing花費；B.wasting浪費；C.taking帶走；D.spending花費。.穆勒夫婦很快就要把他們的錢花光了。此處用動詞過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。waste不符合句意；cost主語不能是sb，常用句式是：（某物）花費（某人）錢數(shù)；take也可表示“花費”，但其主語一般是sth.或形式主語it，常用句式是：Ittakessbsometimetodosth。spend花費，主語是人，常用句式是：Sbspendssometime/moneyonsth/(in)doingsth.。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。句意：于是Kurt參觀了食物和服裝公司來要求捐贈。A.payfor付款；B.askfor要求；請求；C.lookinto調(diào)查；D.carryout實現(xiàn)。從上下文可知他們向一些服裝廠和食品廠去請求捐助，選B。【34題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.completely完全地，完整地；B.calmly鎮(zhèn)定地，平靜地；C.regularly經(jīng)常性地，定期；D.roughly大約，粗暴地?，F(xiàn)在，三十多家公司定期地為他們的事業(yè)捐贈食品和其他物品，其他不符合語境，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.advertise做廣告；B.sell賣出；C.deliver發(fā)送、發(fā)表；D.lend借給。從語境可知志愿者們是來幫助他們向無家可歸者分發(fā)這些食品物品，選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.donates捐贈；B.produces生產(chǎn)；C.designs設(shè)計；D.collects收集。根據(jù)語境判斷除了公司捐贈以外，公眾也給衣服和錢，而且一家制鞋商還捐贈新鞋，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.permission許可；B.payment報酬，付款；C.direction；方向D.support支持。根據(jù)后句中的“andparentsshouldn't53moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.可知此處指穆勒夫婦沒有因為他們的艱難工作而得到報酬，選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.borrow借；B.raise提高；C.save保存；D.expect期望。從語境可以判斷他們感覺自己就像父母一樣，父母是不應(yīng)該因為幫助自己的孩子而期望得到錢的。其他動詞不符合句意，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。A.surprised驚訝；B.excited興奮；C.tired累的；D.amused逗樂。根據(jù)后面的主句內(nèi)容可以判斷盡管Rita承認(rèn)常常會感到累，但她說她會繼續(xù)這工作，故選C。【40題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對語境的理解。句意：她會繼續(xù)工作下去，因為她喜歡能夠在世界上發(fā)揮自己作用的感覺。A.sell賣出；B.difference差異；C.decision決定；D.rule規(guī)則。此處指他們的所作所為給別人的生活帶來了改變，makeadifference“有影響，起作用”，選B?！敬鸢浮?1.knowing42.So43.on44.that45.However46.merely47.towaste48.courses49.convenient50.a【解析】這是一封書信。作者寫信代表全班同學(xué)向王品表達(dá)慰問之意，祝愿王品早日康復(fù)。【41題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：親愛的王品，知道你在武漢不能回來，對此我真的很擔(dān)心。know在句中不是謂語動詞，它與句子主語I之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，因此使用know的現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填knowing?！?2題詳解】考查so的用法。句意：我們的同學(xué)也很擔(dān)心你。so位于句首引導(dǎo)倒裝句，表示前句所述（肯定）情況也適用于另一主語。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：So＋系動詞（助動詞或情態(tài)動詞）＋另一主語，句子第一個單詞首字母大寫，故填So。【43題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我寫信代表全班向你表達(dá)我們的關(guān)心。固定短語onbehalfof：代表，故填on。44題詳解】考查同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：有消息說，由于新型冠狀病毒的傳播，武漢市的處境不好。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格后面是一個同位語從句，從句的語意和成分都是完整的，因此使用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明名詞word。故填that?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但是，你不必為此擔(dān)心太多。根據(jù)上下文的句意可知，它們之間是指轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格后面有逗號，因此應(yīng)該使用however，句子第一個單詞首字母大寫，故填However。【46題詳解】考查副詞。句意：畢竟，你只是有一點發(fā)燒。副詞作狀語，修飾動詞have。故填merely?！?7題詳解】考查