上海名校高中自主招生英語閱讀理解（培優(yōu)）第4講：任務(wù)型閱讀（讀后填空）（含答案）

第04講：名校高中任務(wù)型閱讀（閱讀后填空）

?考點(diǎn)歸納、考前鞏固、真題鏈接

以解題技巧A

任務(wù)型閱讀題往往從不同的角度命題，既考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，也考查他們的英語表達(dá)能力和

概括能力，另外，對回答的拼寫、語法的正確性的也有較高的要求。

1.明確閱讀任務(wù)

同學(xué)們在做題的時候，首先要先閱讀所給的任務(wù)，明確任務(wù)是什么，再帶著任務(wù)去閱讀，這樣

就能做到心中有數(shù)，有針對性地去讀，才能提高閱讀效率。

2.讀全文，了解大意

明確任務(wù)后，要迅速閱讀全文來了解文章主要內(nèi)容，以及文章的感情基調(diào)、作者的意圖等。因

為大家知道在材料后的問題設(shè)置中，經(jīng)常有對文章大意的考查。對于概括大意的題目，需要全篇考

慮，這類題目有時可以從文中直接找到答案，但有時需要用自己的話來概括。這類題難度較大，對

文章還得再讀一讀，才能總結(jié)出來。

3.再次閱讀，逐題突破

第一遍泛讀之后，同學(xué)們對后面的問題，已經(jīng)有所了解，然后大家就可以用跳讀的方式來尋找

答案。還有一類情況大家要注意，就是要求同學(xué)們要解讀深層含義的題。這一類題屬于難度較大的

題。在做這一類型題的時候，同學(xué)們要捕捉文章中有關(guān)的信息，把握文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，立足原

文，從字里行間捕捉一些線索，悟出作者想表達(dá)的深層含義。

4.通讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查

在完成所有任務(wù)后，同學(xué)們還應(yīng)結(jié)合題目再把全文通讀一遍，認(rèn)真核實(shí)答案，同時必須檢查一

下書寫是否規(guī)范，句子的時態(tài)、人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、語態(tài)、詞性、主謂搭配等是否正確，這是答題的最

后一步，也是很關(guān)鍵的一步。

Q典例剖析A

HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpectedIcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean.Some

piecesoficearehuge,likemovingislands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehas

beguntodisappear.Scientistshavediscoveredhugewavesinthearcticwaters.Thewaveswerediscovered

byaccidentinMay,2010.

ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicy

waters.Theshiptravelledeastandstoppednexttoalargeblockoficearound50milesfromthesmall

islandofHopen.Marchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice.1'WewerereadytogobutwhenI

wentout,Idiscoveredmanycracksaround,"heremembers.Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheice

tokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.

Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,the

wavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhis

teamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theship'snavigationsystemfinallyrecordedthelargest

waves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesofice

tojumpupanddown,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadnever

imaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.Thespeedand

forceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhentheyarecoming.Thatcouldbe

dangerousfbrnavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavedordependonseaice

toprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.Somescientists

thinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.Aswavesbreakupice，seaswillbemore

open,waveswillbestronger.Therearestomytimesahead.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，請用完整句子回答下列問題。

(1)Marchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoveredhugewavesinthewatersin,2010.

(2)Theicearoundtheshipwasintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaveswhenthe

shipmovedintotheice.

(3)Thelargestwavesrecordedbythesystemweremorethan20feetin.

(4)Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependontoliveisalsoindangerbecauseofthehuge

waves.

(5)Peoplewillsoonseeevenwavesinwaters.

【答案】

【小題I]arctic,May

【小題2]broken,up

【小題3]navigation,height.

【小題4]sea,ice

[小題5]bigger,icy

【解析】

(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAleksey

Marchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.可知，這些海浪是2010年5月偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的?？茖W(xué)家阿列

克西?馬爾琴科和他的學(xué)生們開始了一次旅行。所以馬爾琴科和他的學(xué)生2010年5月在北極水域發(fā)

現(xiàn)巨浪的。

(2)Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.ZW節(jié)理解題。

根據(jù)Soon,lhewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.可知，很快，巨浪

把船周圍的冰破碎成/成千上萬的小塊。所以當(dāng)船進(jìn)入冰層時，船周圍的冰被海浪打碎成成千上萬

的小塊。故答案為Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.

(3)Theyweremorethan20leetinheight.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theship'snavigationsystemfinally

recordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.可知，船上的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)最終記錄到/

最大的海浪。海浪高達(dá)20多英尺。所以導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)記錄的最大海浪超過20英尺高。

(4)Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wildlife

likepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.可知，像北極熊這樣依靠海冰生存的野生

動物也面臨危險。故答案為Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.

(5)Peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Somescientiststhink

peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.可知，一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，人們很快就會在冰冷的

海水中看到更大的海浪。所以在這些冰冷的海水里人們會看到更大的海浪。故答案為Peoplewill

soonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.

文章講了講述了巨浪以比預(yù)期更快的速度摧毀了極圈的冰塊。冰層覆蓋了北冰洋的大部分地區(qū)。有

些冰層是巨大的，就像移動的島嶼。然而，隨著溫度的升高，有些冰層已經(jīng)開始消失。科學(xué)家在北

冰洋水域發(fā)現(xiàn)了巨大的海浪。這些海浪是2010年5月偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的?？茖W(xué)家阿列克西?馬爾琴科和他

的學(xué)生們開始了一次旅行。他們想研究冰冷的海水。

以實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練一

1.NewYear^plans

TheNewYeariscoming.Inmyfamily,everyonehasaNewYear's(A).Mygrandfatheris

goingtotakemoreexercisenextyear.Heisseventy-twoyearsoldnow.Hewantstokeephealthyandlive

tobemoreIhan100yearsold.Mygrandmotherwishesmyunclecanhaveagirlfriendsoon,butmy

unclehopestogotoAustraliaforavisit.Myfatherisgoingtofindanewjobtomakemoremoney.My

motherwantstobuyabighousewiththreeroomsinQingdao.Mysisterisgoingtotakesinginglessons,

(B)shewantstobeasinger.MybrotherandIaregoingtostudyhardinschool.Webothwantto

enteragooduniversity(大學(xué)).Iwritedownourplansonapieceofpaperandputituponthewall.Ihope

everyone'sdreamcancometrueinthecomingyear.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。

1.在文中(A)(B)兩處填入合適的單詞。詞意猜測題

(A)(B)

2.從文中找出和所給句子意義相同的句子。細(xì)節(jié)理解題

Bothofuswouldliketogotoaniceuniversity.

3.把文中劃線句子譯成漢語。句意理解題

4.Whydoesthewriter'sfatherwanttofindanewjob?細(xì)節(jié)理解題

5.Whydoesthewriterwritedowntheirplansandputthemonthewall?推理判斷題

答案:

1.plan;because

2.Webothwanttoenteragooduniversity.

3.他想保持健康并且活到100多歲。

4.Becausehewantstomakemoremoney.

5.Remembertheirplansandworkhardtomakethemcometrue.

2.

Yougetupinthemorningandlookintothemirror.Yourfaceisyoung-looking.In2035,medical

technologyisbetterthanever.Manypeopleofyouragecouldlivetobe150,soat40,you'renotoldatall.

Andyourparentsjusthadananti-aging（抗衰老的）treatment.Now,threeofyoualllookthesameage!

Youwalkintothekitchen.Youpickupthemilk,butavoicesays,“Youshouldn'tdrinkthat!”Your

fridgehasreadthechip（芯片）ofinformationaboutthemilk,anditknowsthemilkisold.In2035,every

pieceoffoodinthegrocerystorehassuchachip.

It'stimetogotowork.In2035,carsdrivethemselves.Justtellyour“smartcar"wheretogo.Onthe

way,youcancallafriendbyusingyourjacketsleeve（袖子）.Such“smarttechnology^^isallaroundyou.

Sowillallthesethingscometrue?"Fornewtechnologytosucceed,saysscientistAndrewZolli,64it

hastobesomuchbetterthatittakestheplacesofwhatwehavealready.^^TheInternetisoneexample.

Whatwillbethenext?

1.判斷正誤（T/F）In2035,youarestillyoungifyouare40yearsold.

2.補(bǔ)充句子Yourparentsandyouallbecausetheyjusthadananti-agingtreatmentintheyear

of2035.

3.簡略回答問題Whydoesyourfridgeknowyourmilkisold?

4.簡略回答問題Howcanyoucallafriendonyourwaytoworkin2035?

5.翻譯下劃線句子。

答案：

1.T

2.lookthesameage

3.Becausemyfridgehasreadthechipofinformationaboutthemilk

4.Byusingmyjacketsleeve

5.在路上，你可以用夾克衫的袖子給朋友打電話。

本文是一篇科技小短文，文章主要暢想了未來科技在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪兴鶐淼淖兓?/p>

3.

Hello,everyone1WelcometoLondonClimbingCenter.Itisopensixdaysaweekfrom9a.m.to5

p.m.anditisclosedonMondays.Manypeopleenjoyclimbingherebecauseitisfunanditalsohelps

peopleforgettheirworries.Andherearesometipsforyou.First,whenyoucometothecenter,checkinat

themaingateanditistwentypoundsforaperson.Thenthemostimportantequipment（裝備）tohaveis

goodshoes.Theyneedtobehalfasizesmallerthanyourusualsize.Thenextthingyouneedisahat.It

mustbehardandyouhavetowearitatalltimeswhileclimbing.

Climbingisveryexcitingforpeopleofdifferentages.Climbersmustbecareful.Youmustn'tclimb

withoutarope,whichallowsyoutomovefreely,butwillholdyouupifyoufall.Donrtlistentopersonal

musicplayersortalkonamobilephonewhileclimbing.Tokeeptheroomcleanandtidy,remembernotto

eatordrinkanywhereexceptintherestaurant.Manythanks.

Formoreinformation,pleasecallusat73238266oryoucansendyouremailtoinformation@LICC.com.

Wishyouaniceday!

LondonIndoor___1.___Center

Openinghours：Pleasenote：

9：00-17：002.-SundayCheckinatthemaingate.

Climbwithsomeone.

Charge：

Weara___4.___atalltimes.

￡____3.___eachWeartherightclimbingshoes.

Don'tclimbwithoutarope.

Contactus：

Don'ttalkonamobilephonewhileclimbing.

Informationdesk：73238266

Don'teatordrinkanywhereexceptintherestaurant.

Email:information@LICC.com

5.Youmustn'tclimbwithoutarope.

答案：1.climbing2.Tuesday3.204.hat5.Youmustn'tclimbwithoutarope.

4.

Anewsubwaytrain,usingcarbonfibertechnology,hascompleteditsfirsttrialruninQingdao,

ShandongProvince.ltincludessixcarriages（車廂）andhasthelatestcarbonfibertechnology.

Calledthe“subwaytrainofthefuture^,itshowsthemostadvanced（先進(jìn)的）technologyofmaking

subwaytrainsandisexpectedtobringnewexperiencestopassengers,accordingtoitsdeveloperofCRRC

QingdaoSifangCo.Ltd.

“Itwillbethedirectionfbrfuturesubwaytrainstobecomelighterandenergysaving,“saidDing

Sansan,anengineer.“Thenewsubwaytrainis13percentlighterthanthetraditionalonebyusingcarbon

fibermaterialsinthemainbody,thedriver'scabandthecarriage.Thenewtrainwouldbecomesmarterand

passengerscansurftheInternetandwatchvideosandTVprograms.^^

Withaspeedofupto140kilometresperhour,it'smuchfasterthantraditionalsubwaytrains.Thenew

traincanfindtheonroutefaultearlyandstarttherepairworkrightawaywhenneeded.Thenewtrainis

alsousedfullyautomatic（自動的）technologyforthefirsttime,anditcancontrolshakesinthebestway.

Thenewtrainhasbecomemoreflexible（靈活的）.Besides,itisalsoabletoruninbadconditions,suchas

hotandcolddays.Asthelatestproduct,ithasnoorderssofar.

Inrecentyears,CRRCQingdaoSifangCo.Ltd.hasmadegreateffortstodevelopoverseasmarket.Sofar,

itsproductshavebeensoldto25countriesandareasintheworld.

Outline

Fact：

Anewsubwaytrainwiththe___I.___carbonfibertechnologyhascompleteditsfirsttrialrunin

Qingdao,ShandongProvince.

Advantages:

Itismuch_2.—byusingcarbonfibermaterials.Itissmarter,sopassengerscangoonlinefreely.

Itismuchfasterwithaspeedofupto140kilometresperhour.Itcanfindthefaultandrepairitself.And

withtheautomatictechnology,itisableto_3.—shakesinthebestway.

Itismoreflexibleandoperatesnormallywithoutconsideringthe__4._.

Conclusion：

Thoughthenewproducthasnoorderssofar,CRRCQingdaoSifang*sproductsareacceptedwidelyinthe

world.

答案：1.latest2.lighter3.control4.weather

HaveyoueverheardofIceland?IcelandisaEuropeancountry.Itusedtobeoneoftherichest

countriesintheworld.Itstotalareais103thousandsquarekilometers.SummerinIcelandisveryshort,

whichlastsfromJunetoAugust.ItswinterstartsfromSeptemberandendsnextMay.

In1980,Icelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustry.Fortyyearshaspassedsincethen.Insummer,

plentyoftouristsfromallovertheworldcomeheretohaveavisit.Inwinter,peopleinIcelandhaveto

spendthelongdarknight.Theyusuallyhavealotofspecialactivities,suchasskating,ridingsnow

motorbikesandhavingpartiestohaveanexcitingnight.

Becauseofalongcoldwinter,Icelandhasashortgrowingseason.Foodproblemwasalwaysa

headacheforIcelandinthepast.Nowtheproblemisbeingsolved.

Iceland—aCountryin1.

Itstotalarea103.0002.kilometers

WhenIcelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustryFortyyears3.

WhatpeopledotohaveanexcitingnightinwinterThey4.ridesnowmotorbikesandhaveparties.

WhyIcelandhasashort5.seasonBecauseofalongcoldwinter

答案:1.Europe2.square3.ago4.skate5.growing

Whydopeoplesavetheirmoneyinbanks?Whynotkeepitathome?Firstofalbthievesmightbreak

intoyourhouseandstealyourmoney.Banks,though,havealarmsandguardstoprotectit.Anotherreason

isthatyourmoneycangrowinthebank.Whenyouputmoneyinasavingsaccount,thebankpaysyou

someextramoneyeachmonth.Themoneyyouputiniscalledadeposit.Themoneythebankpaysyoufor

yourdepositistheinterest.Theinterestyouearndependsontheinterestrate.Let'ssayyoudeposited$1,

000inthebankandtheinterestrateis2%ayear.Inthatcase,youwillearn$20ayearasinterest.

Whywouldbanksprotectyourmoneyandstillpayyouinterest?Thereasonisthatbankstakeyour

depositandlendittootherpeople.Whenpeoplebuyexpensivethingssuchashousesorcars,orruna

business,theyneedalotofmoney.Whentheydon'thaveenough,theyborrowfrombanks.Thismoneyis

calledaloan.Afterthat,theseborrowers（借款人）paybackthemoneyinsmallamountseachmonthfor

severalyears.Theyalsohavetopayinterest.Thisinterestismuchhigherthantheinterestbankspayfor

deposits.Thisisonewaybanksmakemoney.Thebankneedsdepositssothatitcanmakemoneyby

lendingmoney.lbencouragepeopletokeeptheirmoneyinthebank,thebankpaystheminterest.So,

areyougoingtoopenasavingsaccountsoonandletyourmoneygrow?

Howabankworks

First,youputyourmoneyintoa_1._accountinthebank.

Thenthebanklendsyourmoneyasa_2.____tootherpeoplewhoneedit.

Howmuchtheinterestyoucangetfromthebankdependsontheinterest_3.___.Inthisway,banksmake

money.

Later,the____4.____paybackthemoneywithinterest.Anditismuch_5._____thanthemoneythebankpays

foryou.

答案:1.savings2.Ioan3.rate4.borrowers5.higher

7.

Theworldhasmanybeautifulsounds.Wecanhearthesongsofbirdsandthelaughterofpeople.We

canlistentocoolmusicandnewsreports.Andit'sallbecauseofourears!Theybringusaworldofsounds.

Butsomepeoplecan'thearanysoundatall.Somearebom①deaf.Otherscanhearwellintheir

childhood,buttoomanyloudsoundshurttheirearslateron.

ManypeopleinChinacan'thearordinary（普通的）soundsclearly.Alargenumberofthemare

children.Mostofthemarebornwithgoodhearing.But6childrenoutofevery1,000havehearing

problemswhentheyarebom.Andifachildhashearingproblems,usuallyheorshewillalsohavelearning

problemsatschool.

Alotofthingscancausehearingproblems.Forexample,toomuchearwax（耳垢）isnotgoodforour

hearing.Andnoiselouderthan85decibels（分貝）canhurtourearsandmakeusloseourhearingfora

shorttimeorevenforever.

Hearingisimportantforallofus.②Soweshoulddoourbesttogiveourearsspecialcare.Don't

forgettodothefollowing:

?Trytostayawayfromplaceswithtoomuchnoise.Ifyouhavetogo,wearearplugs（耳塞）.Apairof

goodearplugscancutthenoiseby30decibels.

?Whenswimming,remembertoputearplugsintoyourearstostopwaterfromgettingin.

?Neverputanythingsharp（尖銳的）intoyourears.Ifyouthinkyouhavetoomuchearwax,askyour

mumordadtohelpyoucleanitout.

Ifyoukeepthesethingsinmind,youwon'thavetroubleinhearingsounds.

1.任務(wù)一選出文中劃線單詞①的詞義。

A.聾的B.不愿意聽的C.不理的D.瞎的

2.任務(wù)二回答問題。

Whatproblemswillthechildrenalsohaveiftheirhearingispoor?

3.任務(wù)三完成句子，每空不超過三個詞。

1Loudernoisecanhurtthechildren'searsandmakethemlosetheir_____forashorttimeoreven

forever.

2Weshouldputearplugsintoourearswhileswimmingtostopwaterfromourears.

3Thewritetellsushowtoourears.

4.任務(wù)四從文中找出可以替代下列的詞匯或短語。

1many-2common-

3awhile-4haveproblem-

答案：

1.A

2.