2017專升本聽力等多個文件閱讀實用技巧

實用閱讀技巧實用閱讀技巧1.區(qū)分事實和觀點2.指示詞的判斷區(qū)分事實和觀點的重要性一、可以用來判斷說明文和議論文二、在閱讀考試中用來推斷作者的態(tài)度和觀點。事實與觀點事實指客觀存在、發(fā)生的可以被證明的事情，不摻雜主觀的內(nèi)容。如：Chinahasmorepeoplethananyothercountryintheworld.

觀點指作者對某件事情的看法，帶有明顯的主觀性。如：Thecatsarebetterpetsthandogs.診斷表示觀點的詞1.表示主觀判斷的形容詞或副詞：stupid,clever,kind,evil,welldressedorsloppy.

2.引導表示觀點的短語或詞：Ibelieve,Ithink,inmyopinion.3.一些表示不確定、憂慮的詞：sometimes,possible,probably,likely,perhaps,onoccasion,maybe，shouldPracticetheSkill:ForO1.Iamsurethattimewillonlyconfirmwhatwefeeldeeplyabouteachother.2.Iarrangeditsomymotherwouldwanttocookamealespeciallyforhim.3.IwashopingshewouldsaysomethingfirstconcerningRich.OFoReadingSkills4.Maybeourchildrenwillhavesomeproblems,butwhosechildrendon’t?5.HehadbroughtabottleofFrenchwine,somethinghedidnotknowmyparentscouldnotappreciate.OF實戰(zhàn)演練判斷下面這則廣告中哪些是事實，哪些是觀點。

Thishandsomegadget(小器具)offerstwoofyourmostamazingtools—aclockandacalculator—inasmartdesign.【解析】上面這則廣告中的真實信息，即事實為：agadgethasaclockandacalculator；表達觀點的部分是：handsome,amazing,smart?！镒⒁庾h論文往往開頭給出觀點，接著以事實為例來證明觀點。文章中的

for

example,

for

instance可以看作引出事實的標志。作者常I

think

/believe,

...

should來引出觀點。閱讀短文，判斷劃線部分哪些是事實哪些是觀點。Some

people

say

that

①parents

should

plan

their

children’s

leisure

time

carefully.

Take

me

for

example.

②My

parents

were

very

strict

with

me

during

my

childhood.

③My

leisure

time

was

divided

into

several

parts:

reading,

writing,

playing

and

so

on.

However,

others

think

that

children

should

decide

for

themselves

how

to

spend

their

free

time.

The

result

is

that

④some

children

don’t

spend

their

free

time

in

a

planned

way.

They

play

just

as

they

like

without

any

plan

at

all.So

far

as

I

am

concerned,

I

think

the

question

is

not

whether

parents

should

plan

their

children’s

leisure

time

carefully,

but

whether

they

can

do

that

properly.

⑤Some

parents

don’t

understand

their

children

while

some

parents

spoil

their

children

too

much.

So

it

is

not

an

easy

thing

for

the

parents

to

help

shape

their

child

to

be

a

true

man.

⑥But

I

think,

with

love

and

understanding,

nothing

can

be

hard.【解析】句①是作者引用別人的觀點，帶有主觀性，所以它是觀點。句②、句③是作者拿自己舉例，是用事實來證明觀點，所以屬于事實。句④是為了指出第二段開頭的觀點的弊端而舉的反例，屬于事實。句⑤提到的內(nèi)容是客觀存在的，所以是事實。句⑥是作者提出的自己的看法，帶有主觀性，屬于觀點。閱讀中常見的指示詞ThisThatseveralintheproceeding(前面的)section,....inthefollowing(后面的)part,...Therefore...(總結觀點)Inconclusion,...tosumup,....however,...(轉(zhuǎn)折觀點)tothecontrary,onthecontrary,This和That閱讀中的區(qū)別1.This可以指時間、空間、心理距離上的近。較遠則用ThatThisisMr.BrownandthatisMr.Hale.Lifeisdifficultthesedaysandwaseasieratthattime.This(喜歡)isreallydelicious.ThatcarofAnn'sisalwaysbreakingdown.This和That閱讀中的區(qū)別This和That都有前指的功能，可以用來指代前文提到的人或物。1.表示前指時的區(qū)別同上（空間、時間、心理）。Healthismorevaluablethanmoney.This(money)cannotgivesuchtruehappinessasthat(Health).文章中this指前文中靠它較近的對象，that指較遠的對象。2.時間距離上this指代的事發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在或?qū)?that指代的事發(fā)生在過去。WewenttotheOperalastSunday.Thatwasourfirstoutingformonths.We’regoingtotheOperatonight.This’llbeourfirstoutingformonths.3.如果說話人對指代對象有較好看法,往往用this,否則用that。Nosmokingandmodernequipment.ThesearetwoofthethingsIlikeworkinghere.Ididn’tknowshe'dbeenill.That'sterrible.This和That閱讀中的區(qū)別this可用于后指,指代其后出現(xiàn)的-一段內(nèi)容(that不用于后指),例如Icanonlysaythis:shewasn'thereyesterday.根據(jù)主要的詞預測Reportsonanorganization’sprojectsmayfillseveralmajorfunctionsatthesametime.Areportcanbeusedtoeducateandgainsupportfromkeypeopleandgroups,to

facilitateandinformdecision-makingaboutcurrentandfutureprojects,andtoprovidedocumentationfortheorganization’srecords.留意閱讀中的結構指示詞表順序first,now,later,second,after,stages,third,before,steps,next,finally,then,most,important,furthermore,when,last,etc.表例子forexample,forinstance,toillustrate,suchas,notably,todescribe,specifically,perhapsthemost,etc.表定義define,knownas,wemean,is,thatis,wecanstate,isdefinedas,thetermmeans,etc.表因果because,forthisreason,since,cause,onaccountof,why,contributeto,dueto,asaresult,ineffect,therefore,consequently,resultin,thus,hence,theeis,accordingly表比較compare,like/alike,resembles,likewise,similar,parallels,incomparison,inthesameway/manner,although,however,ontheotherhand,asopposedto,but,instead,etc.Thecityhasalltheservice