英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)前綴和后綴

CommonlyUsedPrefixesandSuffixesPrefixes英語(yǔ)單詞中的前綴就好比眾多詞匯的姓氏， 掌握單詞的前綴，就找到了一條擴(kuò)大詞匯量的捷徑。但是一般而言， 前綴只用于改變?cè)~義， 增添新詞義或加強(qiáng)原詞義，不改變單詞本身的詞性。但是有三個(gè)例外， be-,en-/em-,a-,這三個(gè)前綴并不改變單詞的基本意義， 而是改變單詞的詞性。MemorizingthefollowingPrefixes,Suffixes:Prefixes:co-/com-/con-/col-:together一起coexist,collaborate,re-:again,back,againstredo,review,refresh,renew,restore,reconstruct,reunion,recall,recede,react,reject,resistex-:formerandstillliving,out,outsideExport,expose,exit,extract,expel,exhale,ex-president,ex-mayor,ex-wife,ex-boyfriendinter-:between International,interschool,inter-group,interactintro-/intra-:within,inwardIntra-company,introspect,intra-office,intra-schoolsemi-:half Semifinal,semiofficial半官方的,semidetached半獨(dú)立的semicircle,semiconductor,mono-/uni-:one,singleMonocycle單輪車(chē),monotone單調(diào),monorail單軌,monoplane單翼飛機(jī),monolingual單語(yǔ)言,monosyllable單音節(jié),monologue獨(dú)白Unique,uniform,unilateralbi-/di-/du-:two,doublebicycle,bilateral,dialogue,dioxide,duplex,duplicatetri-:three triangle,triangular,trilingual,tricycle,trilateralquadric-/quadr(a)-:four,onefourthquadrilateral,quadrangle,quadrantquinqu(e)-/quint-/penta-:five quinquelateral,quinquesection,quinquagenarian,quinquangular,quintessence,pentagon,pentathlonsex-/hex(a)-:sixsexagenarian,sextant,sexangular,hexagon,hexagonalsept-/hept-:seven septangle,septangular,septuagenarian,septennial,heptathlonpre-:beforepreview,predict,prehistoric,prejob,premature,presupposeper-:throughpersistoct(o)-/oct(a)-:eightoctogenarian,octagon/octogon,octopus/octopus,octennialennea-:nine enneasyllable,enneagondec(a)-/deci-:ten,onetenthdecade,decathlon,decagon,decimal,decimeter,decapodkilo-/milli-/mille-:onethousand,onethousandth

Kilogram,kilometer,milligrade,millimeter,milliliter,millisecond,millenniumdemi-/hemi-/quasi-:halfholo-/pan-:allDemigod,hemisphere,quasiofficial,quasischolardemi-/hemi-/quasi-:halfholo-/pan-:allHologram,panAmerican,panAfrican,PanAm.22.omni-:all,alloveromnipresent,omniscience,omnisex,omnivore/omnivorouspoly-:manyante-:beforepoly-:manyante-:beforeanteroom,anteport,antedate,antemeridiemaudit-/aud-:hearingaudience,audible,auditorium,auditor,audiometer,audio-visualauto-:self autograph,autobiography,automatic,automat,autoalarm,automobile27.be-:make27.be-:makeextra-:beyond(theoppositeofintra-,intro-)Extracurricular,extraordinarycounter-:intheoppositedirection,againstCounterattack反攻,counterrevolution反革命,counteraction反作用,counterview相反的觀點(diǎn) ,counter-espionagedepartment反間諜音日post-:after, postwar,postpone,postmeridiemanti-:againstAntitank反坦克,antiwar反戰(zhàn),antifreeze防凍劑,antibiotic抗生素non-:notNon-natural非自然,nonmetal非金屬,nonstandard不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)nonsense,non-stop,non-smokingareamulti-:manyMultimediamultiplemultitudesuper-:above,morethan Supersonicplane超音速飛機(jī)hyper-:extremely,tooHypercritical吹毛求疵 ,hypersensitive過(guò)度敏感 ,hypertension過(guò)度緊張,hyperacid過(guò)酸t(yī)rans-:across,fromoneplacetoanotherplaceTransporttransmigratetransplantde-:actingagainst,down,away使離開(kāi)，除掉Detractdeposepro-:before,forward,for,infavorof向前有 傾向Proclaimpro-America親美的,pro-Japan親日的,pro-war好戰(zhàn)的sub-:underSubway地鐵,subterranean地下的 subtractover-:toomuch,above,over,beyondOver-+adj.:overcredulous,overanxious,overexcitedOver-+n.:overweight,over-bridge/overpass,overloadOver-+v.:overact,overburden,overdo,overeat,overestimate,overpay,oversleepa-/an-:not,withoutAhistorical與歷史無(wú)關(guān)的 asexcial無(wú)性別的 amoral無(wú)道德的(跟道德無(wú)關(guān)的) asocial不交際，不合群的 apolitical不關(guān)政治的 anharmonic不和諧的 anelectric不起電的neo-:new,revived Neoclassical新古典主義fore-:before,infrontof Forehead前額，foresee預(yù)見(jiàn)，foreknow預(yù)知,foreknowledge預(yù)知,forefather祖先mal-:badly,ill,wronglyMaltreat虐待,mal-position錯(cuò)位,malfunction失靈,maladjusted,malodorous惡臭的,malformation畸形,malnutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良pseudo-:false,pretended Pseudoscience假科學(xué),pseudo-intellectual假知識(shí),pseudonym假名，筆名，pseudopod（變形蟲(chóng)等的）假足，偽足out-:morethan,betterthan,besuperiorOutflow,out-tell,out-rush,outdoor,outwork滿，多，戶(hù)外 outgo,outlive,outplay,outlast,outscore,outrankarch-:chief,main主要的，中心的 Archenemy主要敵人 ,archbishop主教en-/em-:putinto,tomakeEnlarge,empower,enrich,entitlead-/as-/at-/af-/:to向前，表運(yùn)動(dòng)的方向，變化，附近之意Attractaffirmadmitepi-:uponEpicenter震中=thepartoftheearth’ssurfacedirectlyabovethefocusofanearthquakedis-:not,apart …,faway Dismiss,disagree,distrust,disjoinsyn-/sym-/syl-:together,same Synchronize（time）:同時(shí)發(fā)生 ,synonymse-=dis-:apart,away Seduce:toleadastray誘惑（入歧途） ,seducercircum-:around繞著，周?chē)?Circumspect:tolookaround小心謹(jǐn)慎contra-:against Contradiction:todenythestatement反對(duì)ab-:away Abduct:toleadaway強(qiáng)迫使離開(kāi)（誘拐，挾持）bene-:well,good Benediction：blessing祝福語(yǔ),benefit,benevolent,beneficent,benefactun-:not,negative Untrue,unbelievable,unchangeable,uncomfortable,uncertainty,unambitious,unconsciousphysic-:ofthebody,oflivingthingsvice-:thenextinrankto副的 Vice-presidentvice-chairmanin-/im-/il-/ir-:not,into,in,on,withoutInable,incapable,invade,insert,impossible,imbalance,immoral,imperfect,immigrate,illegal,illiterate,irresponsible,irrelevant,irregularbio-:life,living biology

auto-:same,byitself,byoneselfmis-:badly,wrongauto-:same,byitself,byoneselfmis-:badly,wrongmanu-:handautomobile,autobiographyMisunderstanding,misspell,misfortunemanuscript,manufactureSuffixesI.nounsuffixes-er/-or/-ian/-ant/-ent/-ess/-ee/-ist/-ar/-eer/:peopleorsth.Writer,baker,keeper,actor,collector,inspector,savior,Egyptian,technician,historian,assistant,servant,waitress,princess,stewardess,employee,trainee,trustee,artist,tourist,beggar,scholar,liar,volunteer,engineer,profiteer-logy/-ology:n.thescienceorstudyofpsychology,biology-ence/-ance/-acy/-age/-ency/-ancy:n.Difference,preference,appearance,privacy,candidacy,literacy,primacy,orphanage,postage,urgency,emergency,frequency,elegancy,constancy,vacancy-ness:n.theconditionof(adj+-ness=noun) Kindness,happiness,-ment:n.theactionorconditionof(verb+-ment=noun)movement,employment,unemployment,enjoyment-ion/-tion/-sion/-ation/-ition:n.theactionorprocessof-ity/-ty:n.astateorqualityReality,equality,futurity,ability,certainty,cruelty-ese/-ish/-(i)an:n./a.nationalityorlanguageorpeopleChinese,British,Italian,Indian,Roman,Russian,-ship:n.thequalityorconditionof,theartoffriendship,scholarship,professorship-ary:n.centenary——百年的adj.suffixes11.y:a.theexistenceorconditionof(11.y:a.theexistenceorconditionof(noun+-y=adj)Cloudysunnywindy12.able/-ible:a.capableof,can12.able/-ible:a.capableof,canCapabledisablemovableincredibleexpressible13.ful:a.havingthecharacteristicof(noun+-ful=adj.)Helpfuluseful14.al:a.connectedwith,relatingtohistorical,economical15.ive:a.indicatesthatatypeofactionisveryprobableActivepositive13.ful:a.havingthecharacteristicof(noun+-ful=adj.)Helpfuluseful14.al:a.connectedwith,relatingtohistorical,economical15.ive:a.indicatesthatatypeofactionisveryprobableActivepositive16.ish:a./nmore