2020-2021學年浙江省嘉興市高二下學期期末檢測英語試題

嘉興市2020?2021學年第二學期期末檢測高二英語考生須知：1.全卷分試題卷和答題紙兩部分，滿分為150分，考試時間為120分鐘.2.本卷答案必須做在答題紙的相應位置上，做在試題卷上無效.3.請用黑用水簽字筆將學校、班級、姓名分別填寫在答題紙的相應位置上.第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有:小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whathasthemanbeendoing?A.Readingabook.B.Checkingthepowersupply.C.Writingareport.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.AtanairportC.Inawashingroom.3.Whenwilltheheatingberepaired?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.4.Whatdoesthemanwantforhisbirthday?A.AsweaterB.Abook.C.Apen.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.He'llcallthewaiter.B.Hedoesn'tlikecrowds.C.Hedoesn'tmindwaiting.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨白.每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheblackcoat?A.Itsmaterialisnotgood.B.Itssizeistoolarge.C.Itsdesignispretty.7.Howmuchwillthemanreallypayforthewhitecoat?A.S160.B.$190.C.$200.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whyaretheretearsinthewoman'seyes?A.Sheiscuttingonions.B.Shedoesn'twanttoleave.C.Shehasjustheardsomebadnews.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Auntandnephew.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent.10.Howdoesthemansound?A.Patient.B.Puzzled.C.Confident.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whomainlydothedancing?A.Women.B.Children.C.Men.12.Whatdidancientdancersprobablyhopefor?A.Lessrain.B.Betterhealth.C.Biggerharvest.13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutatownenjoyingthecelebration?A.Proud.B.Amazed.C.Silly.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whydoesthewomancometotheagency?A.Shehopestofindajob.B.Shewantstomakefriends.C.Shedecidestohelpthestaff.15.Whichareadoesthewomanwanttoworkin?A.Teaching.B.Marketing.C.Writing.16.Whatisthewoman'smainconcernaboutthejob?A.Workinghours.B.Vacation.C.Salary.17.Whatexperiencedoesthewomanhave?A.Writingreports.B.Givingpresentations.C.Dealingwithforeigners.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Alocalshopowner.B.Avisitortothetown.C.Agovernmentofficial.19.Whatmakesthetownagreatplacetolivein?A.Ithasalmostnocrime.B.Ithasaswimmingpool.C.Ithascheaprestaurants.20.Whatwasbuiltinthetownlastyear?A.Arestaurant.B.Atheater.C.Afarm.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10個小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑.AAlbrechtDurerwasborninNurembergin1471,inpresentdayGermany.Hewasapainter,writerandengraver(雕刻師),buthisfirstandprobablygreatestartisticinfluencewasinthemediumofprintmaking.Albrecht’sfatherwasagoldsmith(金匠)andtheyoungAlbrechtnaturallybecamehisstudent,learningshapingandengravingjewelry.HealsostartedlearningfromalocalartistMichaelWolgemut,whospecializedinartisticwoodcutsforbooks.Durer’sfirstcontactwithartwasinthewoodcutprintingrange,soitislittlewonderthathewentontobecomeexpertinthisfield.Heactuallyexpandedthecraftofproducingpicturesforprinting,givingitmoredepth,andheraisedprint-makingintoanart-form.Towardstheendofthecentury(1497—1500),Durerproducedanimpressiveseriesofreligiouswoodcuts.Indeed,itwasin1513—1514thatDurerproducedthethreeextraordinaryengravings(“Knight,DeathandDeviP”;“Melencolia”;“SaintJeromeinhisCell”)thathadastronginfluenceontheartworldandcametobeknownastheMasterEngravings.Durer’ssuccessasaprintmakerrapidlyspreadacrossEurope.Hewashighlyawareofhisartisticimageandauthorship,whichisobviousinhisremarkablesignature.Ashisartbecameincreasinglyvaluable,Durer’ssignaturewasalwayscopied,whichevenledhimtoaccusetheengraverMarcantonioRaimondiofrepeatedlycopyinghisworksandsignatureandsellingthemoffasoriginals.Intheend,thecourtruledthatRaimondicouldcontinuemakingcopiesofDurer’s,aslongashedidn’treproducetheartist’ssignature.Durerdiedin1528andwasburiedinNuremberg.LikemostfamousItalianartists,Durerprobablyfelthimselftobean“artist-king”,andhisself-portraits(自畫像)seemundoubtedlytoshowamansureofhisowngift.1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAlbrechtDurer?A.Open-minded. B.Generous. C.Easy-going. D.Talented.2.WhatdoweknowaboutDurer’sthreegreatengravings?A.Theyweremadewiththehelpofhisfather.B.Theywerecreatedintheearly16thcentury.C.Theywererecognizedasanewwayofpainting.D.Theywereinfluencedbytheartworldofhistime.3.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Durergotangrywiththecourt.B.Durer’ssignaturewaseasytocopy.C.Durer’sreputationasaprintmakerwashigh.D.DurerhadagoodrelationshipwithRaimondi.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了著名畫家，作家和雕刻家AlbrechtDurer的生平事跡，特別強調(diào)了他在雕刻藝術(shù)方面的天賦和影響力?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容對于AlbrechtDurer的描述“Hewasapainter,writerandengraver,buthisfirstandprobablygreatestartisticinfluencewasinthemediumofprintmaking.(他是一位畫家、作家和雕刻家，但他的第一個可能也是最大的藝術(shù)影響是在版畫的媒介上。)”可知，他在藝術(shù)方面的成就很大，且根據(jù)文章第二段“Heactuallyexpandedthecraftofproducingpicturesforprinting,givingitmoredepth,andheraisedprint-makingintoanart-form.(實際上，他擴大了為印刷而制作圖片的工藝，賦予了它更大的深度，并將印刷術(shù)提升為一種藝術(shù)形式。)”可知，他在藝術(shù)方面很有自己的特點，由此可推知，他是一個有藝術(shù)天賦的人。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Indeed,itwasin1513—1514thatDurerproducedthethreeextraordinaryengravings(“Knight,DeathandDeviP”;“Melencolia”;“SaintJeromeinhisCell”)thathadastronginfluenceontheartworldandcametobeknownastheMasterEngravings.(事實上，正是在1513—1514年，杜勒創(chuàng)作了三幅非凡的版畫（“騎士、死亡和德維普”；”“梅蘭科利亞”；“圣杰羅姆在他的牢房”），對藝術(shù)界產(chǎn)生了強大的影響，并成為著名的雕刻大師。)”可知，這三幅作品是在1513年至1514年期間創(chuàng)作的，即，16世紀早期。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Ashisartbecameincreasinglyvaluable,Durer’ssignaturewasalwayscopied,whichevenledhimtoaccusetheengraverMarcantonioRaimondiofrepeatedlycopyinghisworksandsignatureandsellingthemoffasoriginals.(隨著Durer的作品越來越有價值，他的簽名總是被模仿，他甚至指責雕刻師MarcantonioRaimondi反復模仿他的作品和簽名，然后當真品出售。)”可知，Durer的作品很有價值，以致于雕刻師MarcantonioRaimondi模仿他的作品和簽名進行出售，由此可推知，作為版畫家，Durer享有很高的聲譽。故選C項。B“Won'tyoubemyneighbor?”isafamoussongfromMisterRogers'Neighborhood,apopularchildren'stelevisionshow.Theshow,broadcastfor31yearsandendingin2001,soughttoteachAmericanchildrentheimportanceofkindnessandunderstandingtowardsothers.ButrecentlyfewerandfewerAmericansseemtoknowtheirneighbors.ThatmaybedestroyingAmericanscommunities.MarcDunkelmanwroteabookcalled“TheVanishingNeighbor”.Init,heexaminedhowAmericancommunitieshavechangedovertime.DunkelmansaidmostAmericanshavethreelevelsofrelationships:Theinnercircleincludesfamilyandclosefriends.Themiddlecircleismorecasualrelationships.Peopleinthiscircleincludeneighborsandpeopleincommunitygroups.Theoutercircleincludespeoplewholivefarawaybutshareacommoninterest.Inhisbook,Dunkelmanarguedthatpeoplespendmostoftheirtimeandattentionontheinnerandoutercircles.Buthesaidthemiddle-circleisnecessarytostrengtheninglocalcommunities.Relationshipswithneighborsareimportantfordebate,hearingdifferentideasandfindingcompromise.Americansusedtohavemoremiddle-circlerelationships.Face-to-facecommunicationwasunavoidablewithoutcellphonesortheinternet.Peoplealsofeltmoreofadutytojoincommunityorganizations.Dunkelmanarguedthatmodernlifehasmademiddle-circlerelationshipslessimportant.Hesaidglobalization,educationandmorewomenintheworkforcehaveresultedinlessmiddle-circlecommunication.Americansmaybelosingwhatitmeanstobeagoodneighbor,asFredRogersofMisterRogersNeighborhoodtaught.However;doinggoodforaneighborishealthy“notjustforourneighborbutforourselvesaswell,”Dunkelmansaid.“Learninghowtobeagoodcitizencanbelostwhenwedefertheproblemtosomebodyelse.”4Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that"refertoinparagraph1?A.Thelackofclosetieswithneighbors. B.Thepopularityofchildren'sTVshows.C.Thewayofteachingchildrentobekind. D.Thepreviousknowledgeofcommunities.5Whatisabenefitofhavingmiddle-circlerelationships?A.Preventingdigitalharm. B.Sharingopinionswithothers.C.Bearingmorefamilyresponsibilities. D.Raisingawarenessofhealthproblems.6.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoGetAlongwithNeighbors? B.TheInner-circleortheMiddle-circle?C.WhyareAmericansBecomingDistant? D.AreAmericanCommunitiesDisappearing?【答案】4.A5.B6.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了越來越少的美國人認識他們的鄰居，這一情況可能正在摧毀美國人的社區(qū)的社會現(xiàn)象。文章介紹了《消失的鄰居》一書的作者對此的看法，以及這一現(xiàn)象可能導致的影響?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“ButrecentlyfewerandfewerAmericansseemtoknowtheirneighbors.”以及后文“maybedestroyingAmericanscommunities”可知，最近越來越少的美國人認識他們的鄰居，即與鄰居缺乏親密關(guān)系可能正在摧毀美國人的社區(qū)。故畫線詞指的是“與鄰居缺乏親密關(guān)系”。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Buthesaidthemiddle-circleisnecessarytostrengtheninglocalcommunities.Relationshipswithneighborsareimportantfordebate,hearingdifferentideasandfindingcompromise.(但他說，中間圈子對于加強當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)是必要的。與鄰居的關(guān)系對于辯論、聽取不同意見和尋求妥協(xié)都很重要)”可知，擁有中間圈子的關(guān)系可以與他人分享意見。故選B。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ButrecentlyfewerandfewerAmericansseemtoknowtheirneighbors.ThatmaybedestroyingAmericanscommunities.(但是最近越來越少的美國人認識他們的鄰居。這可能正在摧毀美國人的社區(qū))”結(jié)合文章主要說明了越來越少的美國人認識他們的鄰居，這一情況可能正在摧毀美國人的社區(qū)的社會現(xiàn)象。文章介紹了《消失的鄰居》一書的作者對此的看法，以及這一現(xiàn)象可能導致的影響。可知，D選項“美國社區(qū)正在消失嗎？”最符合文章標題。故選D。CInanageofonlineshopping,commercialalgorithmsandstreamedentertainment,mostofusrarelyfaceuptothingsthathavenotbeendigitallymatchedtoourpreviousinterestsorprejudices.Fewwillhaveavoidedthesuggestion“ifyou'veenjoyedX,thenyou'lllikeYandZ”astheysurftheinternetlookingforbooks,filmsormusic.”Butnowthereareeffortstofightbackagainstit.Inboththeartsandthemedia,aseriesofnewprojectsarecelebratingtheimportanceofcomingacrosstheunexpected.Anewself-helpbookbyNeilFarber;anAmericanacademicanddoctorfocusesonthevitalrolethatchanceplaysinenrichingourlivesandthoughts.Anunconventionalservice,TradeJournalCooperativeisofferingtosendarandompublicationdirecttoyourdoorfourtimesayear,fromProfessionalPastatoAmericanFuneralDirectororPlumberMagazine.Anewradioapp,Stack,deliberatelydeliversmusicchosenbysomeoneelse.Stackhasbeensetupinresponsetothevastareasofunknownmusicavailabletodownload.ThemusiconStackisinsteadchosenbyanumberofDJsandmusiciansand,importantly,listenerscannotinfluencewhatitplays.“It'snotdesignedaroundyourusage,”saysWigram,whoisanartdealer.“Butitremovestheanxietyofhavingto'like',or'liking'somethingbymistake,andsuddenlybeingrecommendedtracksthatyoudon'tevenlike.Algorithmsreducediversityandchance.Andit'sthatelementofchance,ofdiscoveringanewtrack,thatanalgorithmcan'tcompetewith.Idobelievethathumanbeingscandoitbetterthanalgorithms.”Sothehopeforaninterestingfuture,accordingtoWigram,dependsuponagoodmixofblindchanceandtrustedhumanrecommendations—abitliketheshelvesoftheoldindependentrecordstoresandbookshops.7.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph1?A.Adilemmafacinginternetusers.B.Asuggestiongivenbyinternetproviders.C.Anonlinephenomenonrelatedtopreference.D.Anopendiscussionconcerningonlineshopping.8.Whyaretheexamplesinparagraph3mentioned?A.Toindicatetheinfluenceofthemedia. B.Toexplaintheoperationofnewprojects.C.Toprovethesuccessofacreativeservice. D.Toshowthesignificanceofchanceinlife.9.HowdoestheappStackhelplistenerschooseasong?A.Byofferingexpertrecommendations. B.Bymakinguseofalgorithms.C.Byremovingtheanxietyofmusicians. D.Byprovidingplentyofsongs.10.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromoteahealthydigitallifestyle.B.Togivehelpfultipsonhowtomakechoices.C.Toadvocateanewwayoutofalgorithms'control.D.Tointroducedifferenttypesofmarketingservices.【答案】7.C8.D9.A10.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今在一個充斥著在線購物、商業(yè)算法和流媒體娛樂的時代，我們中的大多數(shù)人很少會面對那些與我們以前的興趣或偏見不相符的數(shù)字事物，但現(xiàn)在有人在努力反擊，提出了一種擺脫算法控制的新方法，文章就這種方法舉出了具體的例子。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inanageofonlineshopping,commercialalgorithmsandstreamedentertainment,mostofusrarelyfaceuptothingsthathavenotbeendigitallymatchedtoourpreviousinterestsorprejudices.Fewwillhaveavoidedthesuggestion“ifyou'veenjoyedX,thenyou'lllikeYandZ”astheysurftheinternetlookingforbooks,filmsormusic.(在一個充斥著在線購物、商業(yè)算法和流媒體娛樂的時代，我們中的大多數(shù)人很少會面對那些與我們以前的興趣或偏見不相符的數(shù)字事物。當他們上網(wǎng)尋找書籍、電影或音樂時，很少有人會避免這樣的建議：“如果你喜歡X，那么你就會喜歡Y和Z”)”可知，第一段主要講了一個與偏好相關(guān)的網(wǎng)絡現(xiàn)象。故選C。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Anewself-helpbookbyNeilFarber;anAmericanacademicanddoctorfocusesonthevitalrolethatchanceplaysinenrichingourlivesandthoughts.Anunconventionalservice,TradeJournalCooperativeisofferingtosendarandompublicationdirecttoyourdoorfourtimesayear,fromProfessionalPastatoAmericanFuneralDirectororPlumberMagazine.(NeilFarber的一本新自助書；一位美國學者兼醫(yī)生專注于機會在豐富我們的生活和思想中所起的重要作用。這是一項非傳統(tǒng)的服務，行業(yè)雜志合作社每年提供四次隨機的出版物直接送到你家門口，從《專業(yè)意大利面》到《美國殯儀館主任》或《管道工雜志》)”可推知，提到第三段的例子是為了表明生命中機會的重要性。故選D。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThemusiconStackisinsteadchosenbyanumberofDJsandmusiciansand,importantly,listenerscannotinfluencewhatitplays.(Stack上的音樂是由許多DJ和音樂家選擇的，重要的是，聽眾不能影響它播放什么)”可知，Stack應用程序通過提供專家建議，幫助聽眾選擇歌曲。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Algorithmsreducediversityandchance.Andit'sthatelementofchance,ofdiscoveringanewtrack,thatanalgorithmcan'tcompetewith.Idobelievethathumanbeingscandoitbetterthanalgorithms.(算法減少多樣性和機會。正是這種偶然的因素，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一條新賽道，這是算法無法匹敵的。我確實相信人類能比算法做得更好)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了如今在一個充斥著在線購物、商業(yè)算法和流媒體娛樂的時代，我們中的大多數(shù)人很少會面對那些與我們以前的興趣或偏見不相符的數(shù)字事物，但現(xiàn)在有人在努力反擊，提出了一種擺脫算法控制的新方法，文章就這種方法舉出了具體的例子?？赏浦?，作者寫這篇文章的目的是提倡一種擺脫算法控制的新方法。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5個小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whensettingupagardenorareaoflandwithplants,manyoftenforgettoplanawalkway,orpath.Orthereisapath,butitisnotbeautifuloreasytouse.____11____Itcanalsoshowyouwheretowalk,andguideyoureyesandimaginationthroughoutthegarden.____12____Widepathsandwindingpathsareforwalkingslowly.They'regoodifyouwantpeopletotakealongerlookatwhat'sinthegarden.Chooseastraightpathtogofromthebackdoortothevegetablegarden,oranyotherplacewhereyoumaywalkinahurry.Oneoftheeasiestandleastcostlypathstocreateissimplegrassthatyouhavecutshort.Smallpiecesofwoodareanotherchoice.Bricksorstonesmakepathsthatarelong-lasting.____13____Oryoucanuseconcretethatiscoloredandmadetolooklikeflagstone.Tomakeapathofbrick,stoneorconcreteslabs(厚板),youshouldgivethesolidmaterialawell-drained(易排水的)base.Putdrainagematerialsuchassandorrockdustinthepatharea.____14____Thismaterialprovidesasolidbasebeneaththesurface,andpreventswaterfromcollectingthere,freezingandpushingupthestones.Addenoughmaterialsothatwhenstonesorbricksareinplace,theirtopsidesarealittleabovegroundlevel.Afterwards,putmorestonedustorsandontopofthepath,thensweepthematerialtofilltheemptyspaces.Addsomewatertofurthersettlethematerial.____15____A.Pushdownonitandsmoothitasyouwork.B.BesurethepathiswideenoughforawheelchairC.Forstonepaths,usestonecutintolarge,flatpieces.D.Awell-designedpathcandomorethankeepyourfeetdry.E.Sweepandwaterafewdayslateragain,aftereverythinghassettled.F.Considersafety,appearanceandcostwhenchoosingasurfacematerial.G.Whenplanningapath,askyourselfifitisbothappealingandeasytouse.【答案】11.D12.G13.C14.A15.E【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了如何打造美麗、實用的花園小徑。

【11題詳解】由上文“Whensettingupagardenorareaoflandwithplants,manyoftenforgettoplanawalkway,orpath.Orthereisapath,butitisnotbeautifuloreasytouse.(當建立一個花園或一塊種植植物的土地時，許多人常常忘記規(guī)劃一條走道或小路?；蛘哂幸粭l路，但它并不漂亮，也不容易使用)”，以及下文“Itcanalsoshowyouwheretowalk,andguideyoureyesandimaginationthroughoutthegarden.(它還可以告訴你去哪里散步，引導你的眼睛和在整個花園的想象力)”可知此空會描述在花園里合理設計一條小路的好處，選項D“一條精心設計的小路不僅僅能讓你的雙腳保持干燥”符合此空要求，既能承接下文，也對應下文精心設計的小路的另一個優(yōu)點，故選D。

【12題詳解】由下文“Widepathsandwindingpathsareforwalkingslowly.They'regoodifyouwantpeopletotakealongerlookatwhat'sinthegarden.Chooseastraightpathtogofromthebackdoortothevegetablegarden,oranyotherplacewhereyoumaywalkinahurry.(寬闊的小路和彎彎曲曲的小路是用來慢慢走的。如果你想讓人們多看看花園里的東西，它們是很好的選擇。選擇一條筆直的小路，從后門走到菜園，或者其他你可能走得很匆忙的地方)”可知，此段主要講在設計花園里的小路時，你要考慮這條路是什么樣的，經(jīng)過哪里以及能有什么作用，所以選項G“在規(guī)劃路徑時，問問自己它是否既吸引人又易于使用”符合本段大意，故選G?！?3題詳解】由上文“Oneoftheeasiestandleastcostlypathstocreateissimplegrassthatyouhavecutshort.Smallpiecesofwoodareanotherchoice.Bricksorstonesmakepathsthatarelong-lasting.(其中一個最簡單和成本最低的方法是你剪短的草。小塊的木頭是另一種選擇。磚或石頭所形成的路徑是持久的)”可知本段主要是介紹花園小路可以用什么材料鋪設。緊靠空格提到的是石頭鋪設的小路，所以選項C“對于石路，使用切割成大而平的石塊”既對應本段大意，也承接上句內(nèi)容，故選C。【14題詳解】上文“Putdrainagematerialsuchassandorrockdustinthepatharea.(在道路區(qū)域放置排水材料，如沙子或石粉)”，下文“Thismaterialprovidesasolidbasebeneaththesurface,andpreventswaterfromcollectingthere,freezingandpushingupthestones.(這種材料在地表下提供了堅實的基礎，防止水在那里聚集，凍結(jié)并推高石頭)”，選項A“在你工作的時候把它壓平”起到承上啟下的作用。道路區(qū)域要放置排水材料，放置時，還要把這些材料壓平，這樣這些材料能提供堅實的基礎，故選A。15題詳解】上文“Afterwards,putmorestonedustorsandontopofthepath,thensweepthematerialtofilltheemptyspaces.Addsomewatertofurthersettlethematerial.(然后，在道路上多放些石粉或沙子，然后掃掃材料，填滿路上的空隙。加些水使這些材料進一步沉淀)”，選項E“幾天后，一切都穩(wěn)固后，再掃一掃，撒點水”承接上文內(nèi)容，故選E。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20個小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Areyoustillatschool?Whatdoyouwanttodowhenyouleave?It'saveryimportant____16____andofcourseyoucannotalwayspickandchoose.____17____thingslikemoneyordiplomasdecideforyou.InPaulHolmes’scase,itwashis____18____thatdecidedforhim.Heisonly0.93meterstall.Hetriedworkinginanamusementpark.Andthenhetriedtobecomeacarpenter.Buthewastoo____19____forboththesejobs.Sowhenhewaseighteen,hebecame____20____.His____21____wasanunusualone.AndtheManpowerServicesCommission,anorganizationwhich____22____thegovernmentonemploymentpolicy,hadanunusualwayout.They____23____Paulajobasatraineeclown.Paul's____24____wastoworkinacircus.Anditjust____25____thatafamousclown,WackoFossettwas____26____anassistantatthattime.Thiswasthe____27____ofalifetimetoPaul.Firstthey____28____Paulforabrightly-coloredclown’ssuit.Thenhehadtolearnallabouthimblingacts,puttingonmake-upandmakingchildren____29____.Fallingoverwithout____30____yourselfisanartwhichittakestimeto____31____.AsPaulsaidinaninterview,"Ifyoudon't____32____whatyou'redoing,youcanbreakyournose.”Recently,PaulHolmesmadehisfirstpublic____33____.JackoFossettis____34____withhistrainee'sprogress.AndPaulwillprobablybecomeJacko'spermanent____35____.“Smallmanbecomestraineeclown”soundslikeatallstoryinanewspaper.Butit'strue.16.A.conclusion B.arrangement C.difference D.decision17.A.Firstly B.Usually C.Surprisingly D.Fortunately18.A.height B.strength C.ability D.wisdom19.A.old B.slim C.short D.clumsy20.A.unemployed B.independent C.abnormal D.irresponsible21.A.problem B.future C.dream D.view22.A.congratulates B.updates C.impresses D.advises23.A.showed B.found C.awarded D.owed24.A.choice B.achievement C.duty D.ambition25.A.meant B.happened C.proved D.appeared26.A.thinkingof B.arguingwith C.runninginto D.lookingfor27.A.adventure B.principle C.challenge D.opportunity28.A.accepted B.measured C.dressed D.weighed29.A.work B.talk C.laugh D.sleep30.A.losing B.fooling C.hurting D.amusing31.A.treasure B.learn C.imagine D.discover32.A.bringin B.passover C.concentrateon D.fightagainst33.A.appearance B.speech C.donation D.statement34.A.bored B.patient C.pleased D.familiar35.A.partner B.guest C.director D.audience【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.C20.A21.A22.D23.B24.D25.B26.D27.D28.B29.C30.C31.B32.C33.A34.C35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了身高只有0.93米的PaulHolmes因為身高問題，找不到工作。人力服務委員會為他找了一份在著名小丑WackoFossett手下當助手的機會，Paul努力學習取得了進步，可能成為WackoFossett的永久搭檔。【16題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個非常重要的決定，當然你不能總是挑三揀四。A.conclusion結(jié)論；B.arrangement安排；C.difference差異；D.decision決定。結(jié)合后文“andofcourseyoucannotalwayspickandchoose”可知此處指對上述問題做出的決定。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：通常情況下，金錢或文憑會決定你的命運。A.Firstly首先；B.Usually通常；C.Surprisingly驚人地；D.Fortunately幸運地。根據(jù)后文“thingslikemoneyordiplomasdecideforyou”指通常情況下，金錢或文憑會決定你的命運，與后文身高決定了PaulHolmes的命運形成對比。故選B。【18題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：PaulHolmes的情況是，他的身高決定了他的命運。A.height身高；B.strength力量；C.ability能力；D.wisdom智慧。根據(jù)后文“Heisonly0.93meterstall.”可知是身高決定了他的命運。故選A。【19題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但他太矮了，不能勝任這兩份工作。A.old老的；B.slim苗條的；C.short短的；D.clumsy笨拙的。上文“Heisonly0.93meterstall.”提到Holmes身高只有0.93米，所以是因為太矮了無法勝任工作。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所以當他18歲的時候，他失業(yè)了。A.unemployed失業(yè)的；B.independent獨立的；C.abnormal反常的；D.irresponsible不負責的。根據(jù)上文“forboththesejobs”可知因為身高問題，他無法勝任工作，所以失業(yè)了。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的問題很不尋常。A.problem問題；B.future未來；C.dream夢想；D.view觀點。上文提到Paul因為身高問題失業(yè)了，所以是指他的問題不尋常。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人力服務委員會，一個為政府提供就業(yè)政策建議的組織，有一個不尋常的辦法。A.congratulates恭喜；B.updates更新；C.impresses打動；D.advises建議。根據(jù)后文“thegovernmentonemploymentpolicy”指人力服務委員會為政府提供就業(yè)政策建議，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們給Paul找了一份當實習小丑的工作。A.showed展示；B.found找到；C.awarded獎勵；D.owed擁有。根據(jù)后文“Paulajobasatraineeclown”可知這個組織為Paul找了一份當實習小丑的工作。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Paul的志向是在馬戲團工作。A.choice選擇；B.achievement成就；C.duty義務；D.ambition野心，志向。根據(jù)后文“wastoworkinacircus”可知在馬戲團工作是Paul的未來的志向。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：碰巧一個著名的小丑，WackoFossett當時正在尋找一個助手。A.meant意味著；B.happened發(fā)生；C.proved證明；D.appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“thatafamousclown,WackoFossett”可知Paul的志向是在馬戲團工作，結(jié)果碰巧有個著名的小丑WackoFossett當時正在尋找一個助手。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：碰巧一個著名的小丑，WackoFossett當時正在尋找一個助手。A.thinkingof想起；B.arguingwith爭論；C.runninginto偶遇；D.lookingfor尋找。根據(jù)后文“anassistantatthattime”可知WackoFossett當時正在尋找一個助手。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對Paul來說是千載難逢的機會。A.adventure冒險；B.principle原則；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.opportunity機會。能夠給著名小丑WackoFossett當助手對Paul來說是一個千載難逢的機會。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，他們給Paul量了尺寸，讓他穿上色彩鮮艷的小丑服。A.accepted接受；B.measured測量；C.dressed打扮；D.weighed恒量。根據(jù)后文“Paulforabrightly-coloredclown’ssuit”可知給Paul測量尺寸，好給他小丑服。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他必須學習關(guān)于他的一切空翻動作、化妝和逗孩子們笑。A.work工作；B.talk談話；C.laugh笑；D.sleep睡覺。根據(jù)上文“makingchildren”以及常識，小丑的工作就是逗笑孩子們。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：摔倒而不傷害自己是一門需要時間學習的藝術(shù)。A.losing失去；B.fooling愚弄；C.hurting傷害；D.amusing逗樂。根據(jù)上文“Fallingoverwithout”可知小丑工作需要故意摔倒，而不傷害自己。后文“whatyou'redoing,youcanbreakyournose”也是提示。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：摔倒而不傷害自己是一門需要時間學習的藝術(shù)。A.treasure珍愛；B.learn學習；C.imagine想象；D.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“yourselfisanartwhichittakestimeto”可知摔倒而不傷害自己是一門需要時間學習的藝術(shù)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果你不專注于你正在做的事情，你可能會摔斷你的鼻子。A.bringin引進；B.passover越過；C.concentrateon集中于；D.fightagainst對抗。根據(jù)后文“whatyou'redoing,youcanbreakyournose”可知，小丑如果不專注可能會摔斷鼻子。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，PaulHolmes首次公開露面。A.appearance露面，外貌；B.speech演講；C.donation捐贈；D.statement陳述。根據(jù)上文“PaulHolmesmadehisfirstpublic”指PaulHolmes首次公開露面，應用appearance。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：JackoFossett對他的學員的進步很高興。A.bored無聊的；B.patient耐心的；C.pleased高興的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)后文“withhistrainee'sprogress”可知Paul取得了進步，JackoFossett對此應該是高興的。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Paul很可能會成為Jacko的永久搭檔。A.partner伙伴；B.guest客人；C.director導演；D.audience觀眾。上文“anassistantatthattime”提到Paul是Jacko的助手，所以二人是搭檔。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10個小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lookatthegraphite(石墨)tipofyourpencil.It'shard____36____(imagine)anyonecarvingdetailedsculpturesintothattinysurface.____37____SalavatFidai,aRussianartist,doesjustthat.Fidaisaystheprocessis____38____(extreme)hardandtime-consuming.Graphiteisfragile,andhissculpturesaresosmallthatthey'remeasuredinmillimetersandevenmicrons(微米).Tosee____39____he'sdoing,hehastolookthroughamicroscope,atool____40____helpspeopledocloseworksuchasmaking____41____(watch)orstudyingerrors.Carvingonesculpturecantake8hours-or____42____week!Whenhestartedout,hecarvedgiantpencils.Ashebecamemorecomfortable,heswitchedtopencilsofregularsize.Sometimesheworks____43____mechanicalpencilswithevennarrowergraphiterods(筆桿).Fidai'ssculpturesusedtobreakalotwhilehewasworking."Thisrarely____44____(happen)now"hesays."Ihaveexperience.Iamcalmandfocused."Fidaiisalwaystestinghislimits,_____45_____(try)tofindeasierwaystodomoredifficultthings.Hisadvicetoyou?”Experimentallthetime!Lookfornewmaterialsandnewways.”【答案】36.toimagine37.But38.extremely39.what40.that/which41.watches42.a43.with/on44.happens45.trying【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了俄羅斯藝術(shù)家SalavatFidai在鉛筆的石墨筆尖雕刻精細的雕塑，介紹了他進行雕塑的過程?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：很難想象有人會在這么小的表面上雕刻精細的雕塑。此處為句型“itbehardtodosth.”表示“做某事困難”，不定式作真正主語。故填toimagine。【37題詳解】考查連詞。句意：但俄羅斯藝術(shù)家SalavatFidai就是這么做的。上文提到很難想象有人會在這么小的表面上雕刻精細的雕塑，后文提到俄羅斯藝術(shù)家SalavatFidai做到了，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應用but，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填But?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：Fidai說，這個過程極其艱難和耗時。修飾后文形容詞hard應用副詞extremely，作狀語。故填extremely?！?9題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：為了看清楚他在做什么，他必須通過顯微鏡看，這是一種幫助人們近距離工作的工具，比如制作手表或研究誤差。空處引導賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，表示“什么”應用what引導。故填what?！?0題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：為了看清楚他在做什么，他必須通過顯微鏡看，這是一種幫助人們近距離工作的工具，比如制作手表或研究誤差。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞tool，先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，故應用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導。故填that/which?！?1題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：為了看清楚他在做什么，他必須通過顯微鏡看，這是一種幫助人們近距離工作的工具，比如制作手表或研究誤差。watch為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后文orstudyingerrors可知用復數(shù)形式。故填watches。【42題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：雕刻一個雕塑可能需要8小時，或者一周！week為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指應用不定冠詞，且week是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，應用a。故填a?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：有時他用更窄的石墨棒制作機械鉛筆。結(jié)合句意表示“從事，在......工作”應用workwith/on。故填with/on?！?4題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：“現(xiàn)在這種情況很少發(fā)生，”他說。根據(jù)后文now可知描述目前的狀況，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為this，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填happens。45題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Fidai總是在測試自己的極限，試圖找到更簡單的方法來做更困難的事情。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知try在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語Fidai構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故應用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填trying。第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)：應用文寫作（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，得知你校上屆外籍畢業(yè)生Peter在就讀的大學獲得十佳歌手稱號，你想邀請他來校英語文化節(jié)演出。請給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示祝賀：2.提出邀請；3.期待回復。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________