高考英語精準備考一輪（外研版）講義選修八Module4WhichEnglish

[一積詞匯見多識廣][課內(nèi)單詞回扣](一)閱讀詞匯寫其義1．a(chǎn)ncestorn．祖先，前輩2.ambiguousadj.歧義的；含糊的3．explicitadj.清楚明白的4.prejudicen.偏見；歧視5．candidaten.投考者，應考人6.rhythmn.節(jié)奏；韻律(二)表達詞匯寫其形1．matterv.重要，要緊；有關(guān)系2.countv.很重要；很有價值3．uniqueadj.獨一無二的；獨特的4.superioradj.更好的；更強的5．debaten.討論；辯論6.acquirev.得到，獲得7．straightforwardadj.簡單的；易懂的8.dilemman.進退兩難的境地9．clarifyv.弄明白；澄清10.furthermoreadv.此外，而且11．conveyv.傳達，傳遞12.withdrawv.收回；撤銷13．rejectv.拒絕接受14.overcomev.征服；戰(zhàn)勝15．conflictn.抵觸；沖突16.selectv.挑選，選擇(三)拓展詞匯靈活用1.instantlyadv.立即，馬上→instantadj.立即的，立刻的，馬上的n．立刻，片刻*2.investigatev．調(diào)查→investigationn．調(diào)查；研究plainv．抱怨；不滿→complaintn．抱怨；牢騷；投訴*4.convincedadj.確信的，信服的→convincevt.使確信；使信服→convincingadj.有說服力的，令人信服的*5.associationn．聯(lián)系→associatev．聯(lián)系；使發(fā)生聯(lián)系→associatedadj.有聯(lián)系的*6.significancen．意義；含義；重要性→significantadj.有意義的；重要的7.opposev．反對→oppositionn．反對→oppositeadj.相反的；對面的8.resistv．反抗；抵抗→resistancen．反抗；抵抗→resistantadj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的9.approvaln．贊許；贊成→approvev．贊同，贊許；批準，認可10.curiosityn．好奇心→curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地11.initiallyadv.起初→initialadj.起初的12.tendencyn．趨向；傾向→tendv．照料；趨向；有助于用上面標注*的單詞的正確形式填空1．It'saconvincingspeechandI'mconvincedthatmanypeoplewillbenefitfromit.(convince)2．Somescientistsassociatesmokingwithcancer,becausesmokinghasacloseassociationwithlungcancer.(associate)3．Togetmoreevidence,thelawyerinvestigatedmanywitnesses.Aftertheinvestigation,_hegotsomeusefulproof.(investigate)4．MoststudentsthinkitsignificanttojointheEnglishcorner,thoughafewhaven'trealizedthesignificanceofit.(significant)[話題單詞積累]1．a(chǎn)lphabet/'?lf?bet/n．字母；字母表2．vocabulary/v?(?)'k?bj?l?rI/n．詞匯3．phrase/freIz/n.短語；詞組4．expression/Ik'spre?n/n.詞語，措辭5．idiom/'IdI?m/n.成語，習語6．sentence/'sent(?)ns/n．句子7．passage/'p?sId?/n.文章8．a(chǎn)ccent/'?ks(?)nt/n.口音，音調(diào)9．saying/'seII?/n.諺語10．pronunciation/pr??n?nsI'eI?(?)n/n.發(fā)音11．stress/stres/n.重音12．spelling/'spelI?/n.拼寫；拼法13．meaning/'mi?nI?/n.意義14．term/t??m/n.術(shù)語；條目15．grammar/'ɡr?m?/n.語法16．usage/'ju?sId?/n.使用，用法17．mistake/mI'steIk/n.錯誤18．loanword/'l??nw??d/n.外來詞19．dictation/dIk'teI?(?)n/n．聽寫20．pronounce/pr?'na?ns/vt.發(fā)音21．spell/spel/vt.拼寫22．input/'Inp?t/vt.&n.輸入23．output/'a?tp?t/vt.&n.輸出24．comprehension/k?mprI'hen?(?)n/n.理解25．recite/rI'saIt/vt.背誦26．retell/ri?'tel/vt.復述27．preview/'pri?vju?/vt.預習28．review/rI'vju?/vt.復習29．revision/rI'vI?(?)n/n.復習30．memorize/'mem?raIz/vt.記憶31．skim/skIm/vt.&vi.跳讀；略讀32．enlarge/In'lɑ?d?/vt.擴大33．enrich/In'rIt?/vt.豐富34．practise/'pr?ktIs/vt.&vi.練習35．drill/drIl/n．&vi.訓練，操練[二積短語頓挫抑揚][課內(nèi)短語回扣](一)根據(jù)漢語寫出下列短語1.tell_..._apart區(qū)分開2.as_long_as只要*3.lie_in在于*4.in_conclusion總之*5.a_huge_number_of大量的(修飾可數(shù)名詞)*6.get_down_to_sth.開始做某事*7.let_sb._down使某人失望8.or_rather更確切地說，倒不如說9.complain_about對……抱怨10.be_relevant_to與……有關(guān)(二)用上面標注*的短語完成下列句子1．Thegirlwantstofindapersonwhoisworthdependingonandwon'tletherdown.2．Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.We'dbetterget_down_topreparingforit.3．Thenumberofthepeopleinvitedtothemeetingisfifty,a_huge_number_ofwhomareartists.4．Asamatteroffact,happinessdoesn'tlie_inhowmuchpropertyyouown.5．Learningforeignlanguagescallsforyourmemory,time,patienceandemotions.In_conclusion,_itisnotasimplething.6．I'mnowwritingtocomplain_abouttheserviceofyourhotel.[話題短語積累]1．compoundword復合詞2．native/mothertongue母語3．officiallanguage官方語言4．oral/spokenEnglish英語口語5．writtenEnglish書面英語6．foreignlanguage外語7．goover復習8．formthe/ahabitofreading養(yǎng)成閱讀習慣9．referto查閱，參考；指的是10．insiston堅持11．makefulluseof充分利用12．learn...byheart背誦，記住13．keep/bear...inmind記住……14．put...touse使用……15．workhardat...努力學習……16．set/take/write/notedown寫下，記下17．referto/consultadictionary查詞典18．developone'sinterest培養(yǎng)某人的興趣[三積句式寫作扮靚][課內(nèi)句式仿寫]1．whether...or...“不論……還是……”，用于連接并列成分[例句]Inthissenseeverybody'suseoflanguage—whetherEnglish,Chinese,oranyother—isdifferent.[仿寫]這個村里的所有人都很友好。無論你在該村住的時間是長還是短。Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn'tmatterwhether_you_have_lived_there_fora_short_or_a_long_time.2．itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that...強調(diào)句型[例句]Perhapscorrectnessdoesn'tmatter—aslongasspeakerscanunderstandeachother—it'scommunicationthatcounts.[仿寫]直到你給我指出，我才意識到自己的錯誤。It_was_not_untilyoupointeditouttomethatIrealizedmymistake.3．“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式[例句]Englishhasahugenumberofcolourfulandsplendidexpressionswhichmaybedifficulttounderstand.[仿寫]對于一個外國人來說，短時間內(nèi)學好漢語是很困難的。It_is_very_difficult_for_a_foreigner_to_learnChinesewellinashorttime.[話題佳句背誦]1．It'ssaidthatthebiggestbarriertosuccessinlearningaforeignlanguageisvocabulary.據(jù)說學好外語的最大障礙是詞匯。2．AmericanEnglishiseasiertorememberwhileBritishEnglishisjustkeptitsoriginalwordswithoutfewchanges.美國英語更容易記住，而英國英語卻保留了它的原詞，沒什么變化。3．AlthoughAmericanEnglishisalmostthesameasBritishEnglish,theystillhavesomedifferences.盡管美國英語和英國英語幾乎一樣，但是它們依然存在著一些差異。[四背語段語感流暢]Hecaredmuchabouthisson'sstudy,buthissonstillcouldn'tlearnEnglishwell,whichlethimdown.Healwayscomplainedaboutit.Sometimeshedebatedthatthereasonlayinthefactthattheteacher'steachingmethodwasnotcorrect.Tobehonest,Iopposedtoeducatingchildreninthewayhedidit.Atlast,hewasconvincedthatdifferenteducationalwayswouldleadtodifferentresults.Inconclusion,youwillsucceedaslongasyoumakefulluseofeverychance.他非常關(guān)心他兒子的學習，但他的兒子仍然不能學好英語，這讓他失望。他對此總是抱怨。有時他爭辯說原因在于老師的教學方法不正確。說實話，我反對他用這種方式教育孩子。最終，他確信不同的教育方式會導致不同的結(jié)果?？傊灰愠浞掷妹看螜C會，你就會成功。[第一板塊重點詞匯突破][師生共研詞匯]1．debaten．討論；辯論v．辯論；爭論[高考佳句]Theeditingpartafterthatwastough.Wedebatedoverwhattoputintothevideo.(2017·北京高考書面表達)隨后的編輯工作十分艱難。我們討論了把什么放在視頻中。(1)underdebate正在討論中holdadebate舉行一場辯論adebateabout/over/on一場有關(guān)……的辯論(2)debateon/about/over...就……進行辯論debateaboutsth.withsb.和某人就某事辯論①Whetherpollutionisdirectlylinkedtothediseaseisunder_debate.污染是否與疾病有直接的聯(lián)系正在討論中。②Thereisaheateddebateon/over/aboutwhetherwomenshouldspendmoretimeinthehome.對婦女是否應該花更多時間待在家里有一場熱烈的爭論。③Wemustdebate_aboutthequestionwiththerestofthemembers.我們必須和其他會員討論這個問題。2．convincedadj.確信的，信服的[教材原句]ExpertsareconvincedthatthiswillhappeninthefutureasmoreandmorepeoplelearnEnglishandcallittheirown.專家們確信，隨著將來越來越多的人學習英語并把它稱為自己的語言，這一現(xiàn)象將會發(fā)生。(1)beconvincedof/that...相信/確信……(2)convincevt.使確信，使信服convinceeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb.of...,sb.that...))使某人相信……convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事(3)convincingadj.有說服力的；令人信服的①Fromthisstory,Iamfirmlyconvincedofthesignificanceofhonesty,whichwillcontributetobuildingaharmonioussociety.通過這個故事，我堅信了誠實的重要性，它將有助于構(gòu)建一個和諧社會。②Hisideawasnotconvincing(convince).AtlastIconvincedhimto_change(change)hismind.他的觀點沒有說服力。最終我說服他改變了主意。3．opposev．反對；與……對抗[經(jīng)典例句]Hethrewallthosethatopposedhimintoprison.他把所有反對他的人都投進了監(jiān)獄。(1)opposeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.反對做某事,sb./sb.'sdoingsth.反對某人做某事))(2)opposedadj.相反的；對立的；反對的beopposedto(doing)sth.反對(做)某事(3)oppositeadj.相反的；對面的；對立的n.對立面prep.在……的對面adv.在對面①Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.父母極力反對他們的女兒單獨去那里。②Mostofthestudentsare_opposed_tohavingclassesonSunday.大部分學生反對星期天上課。③Goodhabitsalwaysleadtohighefficiency,whilebadonesbringtheopposite(oppose)．良好的習慣總是產(chǎn)生較高的效率，而壞的習慣則相反。[名師指津]oppose后跟動詞作賓語時，要用動名詞形式；在beopposedto結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是介詞，其后要用動詞-ing形式作賓語。[詞匯過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Inconclusion,I'dliketosayhowmuchI'veenjoyedstayinghere.2．Theyareopposedtobuilding(build)thenuclearpowerstationneartheirvillage.3．Theboycouldn'tresistshowing(show)offhisbeingpraisedbytheteacheronarrivinghome.4．Theydebatedforanhourabout/on/overtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheplan.5．Youcancomplaintothelocalgovernmentunlessyouarehappywiththewaytheydealwiththematter.6．Thefactorysetuptheyearbeforeisofgreatsignificancetothisarea'seconomy.7．Therehasalwaysbeenacloseassociation(associate)betweenthesetwoschools.8．Ineverydaycommunication,informationconveyed(convey)bygesturesandtoneofvoiceisoftenmisunderstood.9．Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval(approve)．10．AlthoughJohnsonismystudent,hisknowledgeofworldliteratureissuperior_tomine.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Wearefirmlyopposedtohelptheyoungmanaddictedtoalcohol.help→helping2．Convincingoftheaccuracyofthedata,theystucktotheiropinion.Convincing→Convinced3．Thepolicereceivedseveralcomplainsaboutthenoisefromourplain→complaints4．Beethovenismyfavouritemusician.Iregardhimsuperiorthanothermusicians.than→to5．Initial,Idisagreedwithhisproposal,butlaterIchangedmymind.Initial→InitiallyⅢ.單句寫作(一句多譯)1．正在討論的問題之一是這兒是否適合修建一座發(fā)電廠。①Oneofthequestionsunder_debate_iswhetheritissuitabletobuildapowerstationhere.(debaten．)②Oneofthequestionsbeing_debated_iswhetheritissuitabletobuildapowerstationhere.(debatev．)2．我相信他是無辜的，這就是我的回答。①Iam_convinced_of_his_innocence,_whichismyreply.(beconvincedof)②Iam_convinced_that_he_is_innocent,_whichismyreply.(beconvincedthat...)3．許多老人反對為重建一個購物中心而砍掉這棵百年老樹。①Manyoldmenoppose_cutting_downthe100-year-oldtreeforrebuildingashoppingcenter.(opposedoingsth.)②Manyoldmenare_opposed_to_cutting_downthe100-year-oldtreeforrebuildingashoppingcenter.(beopposedtodoingsth.)[第二板塊短語、句式突破]1．tell...apart區(qū)分開[經(jīng)典例句]It'salmostimpossibletotellJackieandMoiraapartsincetheyhadtheirhaircut.杰姬和莫伊拉都把頭發(fā)剪了，幾乎不可能把她倆區(qū)分開。(1)tellAfromB/tellthedifferencebetweenAandB/distinguishbetweenAandB/distinguishAfromB把A和B區(qū)分開來(2)fallapart破碎；土崩瓦解；破產(chǎn)apartfrom除……之外①Ithinkitisquitedifficultforustotellthetwinbrothersapart.→Ithinkitisquitedifficultforustotellthedifferencebetweenthetwinbrothers.對于我們來說，把這對雙胞胎兄弟區(qū)分開來我認為相當困難。②Apart_fromtheinjuriestohisfaceandhands,hebrokebothlegs.除了臉部和雙手受傷以外，他的兩條腿也斷了。2．letsb.down使某人失望[教材原句]Withfriendslikethese,whoneedsenemies?meansafriendhasbetrayedyourtrustorletyoudown.“有這樣的朋友，還要敵人干嗎？”意思是有個朋友背叛了你，或者讓你失望了。letalone更不用說；更談不上letsb./sth.alone不管/不干涉某人/某物letoff讓……下車；寬恕；使爆炸letout使出去；放出；泄露；發(fā)出(聲音)letgo(of)放手，松手，放開；使自由letin放進，讓……進來；容許；許可①ManyforeignfriendswereveryexcitedwhenFASTwassetupandputintouseinGuizhou,let_aloneweChinesepeople.當FAST(射電望遠鏡)在貴州建成并投入使用的時候，許多外國朋友都感到非常興奮，更不用說我們中國人了。②Icantellyouthetruth,butyoumustpromisenottolet_outthesecret.我可以告訴你事實真相，但是你要答應不要把這個秘密泄露出去。③Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,letting_inthenaturallightduringtheday.入口處的玻璃門已取代了木門，在白天好讓自然光照進來。3．Englishhasahugenumberofcolourfulandsplendidexpressionswhichmaybe_difficult_to_understand.英語中有大量絢爛而華麗但可能很難懂的表達。該句中的定語從句用的是“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式?！爸髡Z＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式有以下特點：(1)不定式說明主語在哪些方面存在形容詞所表示的特點或性質(zhì)。(2)不定式所表示的動作雖與句子的主語之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，但通常以主動形式表示被動意義。(3)如果不定式為不及物動詞，則后面要有相應的介詞。(4)該句式中常用的形容詞有easy,hard,difficult,comfortable,(im)possible,pleasant,interesting,exciting,important等。①Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallysheishardto_get_along_with.盡管這位女士看上去很優(yōu)雅，但實際上卻很難與之相處。②Thestoryisveryinterestingforthestudentsto_read(read)．這篇故事對學生來說讀起來很有趣。③Sendingmessagestotakepartintheprogrammeisdifficultfortheoldto_do(do)．對老人來說，發(fā)短信參與節(jié)目很難。④Theflat,whichisnearthesea,iscomfortableto_live_in.靠近大海的這套公寓住起來很舒適。[短語、句式過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.let短語填空1．Atthesightofasnakelyingontheground,shelet_outascream.2．Shecan'trideabicycle,let_alonedriveacar.3．Pleaseopenthewindowandlet_insomefreshair.4．Thistrainstopstoletpassengersoffateverystation.5．I'mcountingonyoutosupportme—don'tletmedown.Ⅱ.補全句子/一句多譯1．除普通住房外，幾乎所有部落都有某種建筑風格。Apart_fromtheregularhousing,almosteverytribehadsomestyleofhousing.2．接著她丈夫失去了工作，計劃破產(chǎn)了。Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andthe_plan_fell_apart.3．雖然安迪不健談，但與他相處不難。WhileAndyisnotatalkativeman,he_is_not_difficult_to_get_along_with.4．這對我們是好是壞還很難說。Whetheritwilldousharmorgoodis_hard_to_say.5．對我們來說，在社會上辨別出真假朋友是非常重要的。①Itisveryimportantforusto_tell_true_friends_and_false_ones_apartinsociety.②Itisveryimportantforusto_tell/distinguish_true_friends_from_false_onesinsociety.③Itisveryimportantforusto_tell_the_difference_between_true_friends_and_false_onesinsociety.eq\a\vs4\al([課堂雙線提能]課堂一刻鐘演練，實現(xiàn)教材與高考的對接)提能一用課文詞匯寫高分作文clumsy，complain，debate，resist，offence，potential，curiosity，overcome，tell...apart，let...down，liein，beopposedto，getdownto1．補全要點句(“黑體”部分選用上面方框中的單詞或短語)①上初中時，我的同學李明在學習語言上顯得有點笨拙，尤其在辨析詞語方面。Whileatjuniormiddleschool,myclassmateLiMingseemedabitclumsyinlanguagestudy,especiallyintellingwordsapart.②盡管老師解釋很多遍，他仍然覺得難以理解，這讓老師抱怨，讓父母失望。Thoughtheteacherexplainedthemmanytimes,hestillfeltitwashardtounderstand,whichmadetheteachercomplainandlethisparentsdown.③李明辯稱原因在于老師的教學方法不正確，因此他反對甚至抵制這種方法。LiMingdebatedthatthereasonlay_inthefactthattheteacher'steachingmethodwasnotcorrect,sohewas_opposed_toorevenresistedit.④老師并沒認為受到冒犯，而是開始改進教學方法，挖掘?qū)W生的潛力，激發(fā)他們對語言學習的好奇心。Notthinkinghewasgivenoffence,_theteachergot_down_toimprovinghisteachingmethod,exploitingthestudents'potentialandstimulatingtheircuriosityinlanguagestudy.⑤在老師的幫助下，李明戰(zhàn)勝了許多困難，取得了巨大的進步。Withhisteacher'shelp,LiMingovercamealotofdifficultyandmadegreatprogress.2．升級平淡句用含定語從句的復合句升級句③LiMingdebatedthatthereasonlayinthefactthattheteacher'steachingmethodwasnotcorrect,whichhewasopposedtoorevenresisted.3．銜接成語篇(注意使用適當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：however,atlast)Whileatjuniormiddleschool,myclassmateLiMingseemedabitclumsyinlanguagestudy,especiallyintellingwordsapart.Thoughtheteacherexplainedthemmanytimes,hestillfeltitwashardtounderstand,whichmadetheteachercomplainandlethisparentsdown.However,LiMingdebatedthatthereasonlayinthefactthattheteacher'steachingmethodwasnotcorrect,whichhewasopposedtoorevenresisted.Notthinkinghewasgivenoffence,theteachergotdowntoimprovinghisteachingmethod,exploitingthestudents'potentialandstimulatingtheircuriosityinlanguagestudy.Atlast,withhisteacher'shelp,LiMingovercamealotofdifficultyandmadegreatprogress.提能二用課文句型解構(gòu)高考長難句[本單元突破點——含有較長賓語從句的復雜句]經(jīng)典例句比較分析真題嘗試翻譯課文長難句ExpertsbelievethatthefutureshapeandgrammarofEnglish,especiallyinitsspokenform,willnolongerbedeterminedinthetraditionalEnglish-speakingcountrieslikeBritainandAmericabutintherestofEurope,AsiaandAfrica.本句動詞believe后跟一個較長的由連詞that引導的賓語從句。轉(zhuǎn)化為中學里的說法，這就意味著如果你周圍的每個人都在嘲笑約翰的穿著或簡所說的話，那么你可以肯定，類似的穿著或言談會讓你引起同樣的負面的關(guān)注。真題長難句Translatedintohighschoolterms,thismeansthatifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid,thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.(2016·浙江高考閱讀理解A)本句動詞means后跟一個較長的由連詞that引導的賓語從句。眾所周知，英語是一門國際語言，但是種類也有很多種，如英國英語、美國英語、新加坡英語等等，他們之間既有共同點也有不同點。我們學習英語，就要了解它們之間的異同。此話題多在聽力、閱讀理解、完形填空、書面表達題型中考查。一、話題與語篇[考題示例](2013·安徽高考)Ifyouwanttolearnanewlanguage,theveryfirstthingtothinkaboutiswhy.Doyouneeditfora__1__reason,suchasyourjoboryourstudies？__2__perhapsyou'reinterestedinthe__3__，filmsormusicofadifferentcountryandyouknowhowmuchitwillhelptohavea__4__ofthelanguage.Mostpeoplelearnbestusingavarietyof__5__，buttraditionalclassesareanideal(理想的)startformanypeople.They__6__anenvironmentwhereyoucanpracticeunderthe__7__ofsomeonewho'sgoodatthelanguage.Wealllead__8__livesandlearningalanguagetakes__9__.Youwillhavemoresuccessifyoustudyregularly,sotrytodevelopa__10__.Itdoesn'tmatterifyouhaven'tgotlong.Becomingfluentinalanguagewilltakeyears,butlearningtogetbytakes__11__.Manypeoplestartlearningalanguageandsoongiveup.“I'mtoo__12__，”theysay.Yes,childrendolearnlanguagesmore__13__thanadults,butresearchhasshownthatyoucanlearnalanguageatany__14__.Andlearningisgoodforthehealthofyourbrain,too.I'vealsoheardpeople__15__aboutthemistakestheymakewhen__16__.Well,relaxandlaughaboutyourmistakes__17__you'remuchlesslikelytomakethemagain.Learninganewlanguageisnever__18__.Butwithsomeworkanddevotion,you'llmakeprogress.Andyou'llbe__19__bythepositivereactionofsomepeoplewhenyousayjustafewwordsin__20__ownlanguage.Goodluck!1．A.technical B．politicalC．practical D．physical2．A.After B．SoC．Though D．Or3．A.literature B．transportC．a(chǎn)griculture D．medicine4．A.view B．knowledgeC．form D．database5．A.paintings B．regulationsC．methods D．computers6．A.protect B．changeC．respect D．provide7．A.control B．commandC．guidance D．pressure8．A.busy B．happyC．simple D．normal9．A.courage B．timeC．energy D．place10．A.theory B．businessC．routine D．project11．A.somerisks B．a(chǎn)lotlessC．somenotes D．a(chǎn)lotmore12．A.old B．nervousC．weak D．tired13．A.closely B．quicklyC．privately D．quietly14．A.age B．speedC．distance D．school15．A.worry B．hesitateC．think D．quarrel16．A.singing B．workingC．bargaining D．learning17．A.if B．a(chǎn)ndC．but D．before18．A.tiresome B．hardC．interesting D．easy19．A.blamed B．a(chǎn)mazedC．interrupted D．informed20．A.their B．hisC．our D．your[策略指導](一)這樣讀文1．抓首句，明文體，確保讀文方向不跑偏由文中話題句“If...anewlanguage,theveryfirstthing...iswhy.”和關(guān)鍵信息句“Doyou...reason,suchas...studies？”“Mostpeoplelearnbestusing...”等可判斷此文是一篇議論文。2．抓關(guān)鍵詞(話題詞匯和行為動詞)，巧串聯(lián)，明文章大意速讀文章，結(jié)合文中“l(fā)earn,language,studies”等話題詞匯和“why,reason,using,progress”等關(guān)鍵信息詞可知此文是關(guān)于語言學習的。本文的行文脈絡如下：(二)這樣做題[名師解題]語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章就學習外語的原因、方法以及外語學習與年齡、犯錯誤之間的關(guān)系等進行了討論。1．選C由下文中的“suchasyourjoboryourstudies”可知此處是問你學一門外語是因為某種現(xiàn)實的需要(諸如求職或求學)嗎？practical“現(xiàn)實的”，符合語境。2．選D分析上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系可知，此處是說或許你對另一個國家的文學、電影或者音樂感興趣，而且你知道掌握該語言將會是多么大的幫助。本段討論的是學習外語的原因，上句和本句分別給出了一種原因，顯然兩句之間為并列關(guān)系。故選D。3．選A根據(jù)語境可知，所填詞語與空格后的“filmsormusic”并列，被“ofadifferentcountry”修飾，故選A。4．選B參見第2題解析。haveaknowledgeof“掌握，了解，熟知”。故選B。5．選C大多數(shù)人使用各種不同的“方法”學得很好，但對許多人來說，傳統(tǒng)的課堂是理想的開端。故選C。6．選D它們(傳統(tǒng)的課堂)可以“提供”一種環(huán)境：你可以在一個精通該語言的人的指導下不斷練習。故選D。7．選C參見上題解析。undertheguidanceof“在……的指導下”。故選C。8．選A接下來討論的是學習外語需要大量的時間，由此可知此處是說我們都生活得很忙碌，但學習外語需要時間。故選A。9．選B參見上題解析。談論的是學習外語需要時間，故選B。10．選C根據(jù)前半句中的“regularly”可知選C。如果定期學習外語，成功的機會會更大些，所以要努力養(yǎng)成習慣。routine“慣例，常規(guī)”。11．選B要學到流利的程度需要數(shù)年的時間，但只要求說得過去，需要的時間則少得多。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前一句說的是需要很多時間，后一句自然說的相反。故選B。12．選A根據(jù)下文中的“children”和“adults”可知，本段討論的是學習外語與年齡之間的關(guān)系，故選A。許多人開始學習外語，但很快就放棄了。他們會說“我年齡太大了”。13．選B的確，孩子比成年人學習外語更快，故選B。14．選A本段討論的是學習外語與“年齡”之間的關(guān)系，故選A。15．選A我還聽人們說：他們擔心學習時犯的錯誤，故選A。16．選D本文討論的是學習外語的事情，故選D。17．選B此處為“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)。放松心態(tài)，自嘲自己的錯誤，這樣你再次犯錯的可能性就會大大降低。故選B。18．選D本句為本段的首句，起著承上啟下的作用，是對上文的總結(jié)。上文討論的是學習外語的眾多困難，然后通過“Butwithsomeworkanddevotion,you'llmakeprogress.”話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，討論學習外語的收獲。故選D。19．選B此處討論的是學習外語的收獲——你用他們的語言說上幾句，外國人的積極反應就會讓你“吃驚”，故選B。20．選A參見上題解析。[完形填空系列技法10]利用話題背景解題本文的話題背景是語言學習，該話題的文章多涉及語言學習的原因、方法等。據(jù)此，可以迅速解答下列題目：第3題：由話題背景“語言學習”可知四個選項中與此關(guān)系最密切的是literature(文學)，故可推出本題答案為A。第7題：根據(jù)話題“語言學習”和文中關(guān)鍵詞“practice”和“isgoodatthelanguage”可知學習語言是需要有人指導(guidance)的。故本題答案是C。第9題：根據(jù)話題背景“語言學習”和該空格后“ifyoustudyregularly”可知學習語言需要的是“時間”，故本題答案為B。第14題：由話題背景和該空前的“l(fā)earnalanguage”和前文的關(guān)鍵詞“children”“adults”可知人可以在任何年齡(age)學習語言。可推出此題答案為A。第16題：由話題“語言學習”和本句語境可知人在學習(learning)語言時都有可能會犯錯誤。故本題答案是D。(三)這樣積累1．perhapsadv.或許；也許2．traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的3．regularlyadv.定期地；有規(guī)律地4．devotionn.奉獻；獻身5．positiveadj.積極的；肯定的6．beinterestedin對……感興趣7．haveaknowledgeof掌握；了解；熟知8．a(chǎn)varietyof多種多樣的9．makeprogress取得進展；前進二、話題與寫作[考題示例](2015·重慶高考)B是一個面向全球的圖書分享網(wǎng)站。該網(wǎng)站組織的分享活動有兩種參與方式：一是自由分享(wildrelease)，即把書放在指定地點，由其他參與者自由獲取；二是定向分享(controlledrelease)，即直接傳遞給另一位參與者。假設你是李華，請用英文寫信申請參加。內(nèi)容應包括：●表明寫信目的●選擇一種分享方式●簡述做出該選擇的理由●希望了解更多信息注意：(1)詞數(shù)不少于80；(2)書信格式及開頭已給出(不計入總詞數(shù))。DearSirorMadam，Yours，LiHua[寫作規(guī)范]第一步：寫對詞匯不丟冤枉分1．組織organize2．活動activity3．全世界worldwide4．申請apply_for5．后者latter6．傳遞deliver7．參與者participant8．連接connect第二步：列全要點、寫對句子?；痉?．我得知你們正在組織全世界范圍內(nèi)分享圖書這項活動。Ilearnthatyou_are_organizing_this_activity_to_share_books_worldwide.2．我寫信想申請這項活動，因為我愛閱讀并且我有很多書。Iam_writing_to_apply_forthisactivityforthesimplereasonthatIlovereadingandIownalargenumberofbooks.3．通過定向分享，我僅僅需要把書傳遞給另一位參與者。Bymeansof“controlledrelease”，I_only_need_to_deliver_books_to_another_participant.4．不僅可以分享圖書，這項活動還可以建立一座連接世界各地讀者的橋梁。Booksare_not_only_shared_but_this_activity_can_also_build_up_a_bridgewhichconnectsreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworldaswell.第三步：句式升級、打造亮點得高分1．把句1改為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，然后和句2合并Learning_that_you_are_organizing_this_activity_to_share_books_worldwide,_I_am_writing_to_apply_for_it_for_the_simple_reason_that_I_love_reading_and_I_own_a_large_number_of_books.2．把句4改為倒裝句，同時把which引導的定語從句改為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語Not_only_are_books_shared_but_this_activity_can_also_build_up_a_bridge_connecting_readers_from_different_parts_of_the_world_as_well.第四步：過渡銜接、潤色成文創(chuàng)滿分DearSirorMadam，Learning_that_you_are_organizing_this_activity_to_share_books_worldwide,_I_am_writing_to_apply_for_it_for_the_simple_reason_that_I_love_reading_and_I_own_a_large_number_of_books.You've_introduced_two_ways_to_share_books:_“wild_release”_and_“controlled_release”．Of_the_two,_the_latter_wins_my_favor.By_means_of_“controlled_release”，_I_only_need_to_deliver_books_to_another_participant;_not_only_are_books_shared_but_this_activity_can_also_build_up_a_bridge_connecting_readers_from_different_parts_of_the_world_as_well.If_you_could_provide_more_information,_I_would_be_grateful.Looking_forward_to_your_early_reply.Yours，LiHua[單元檢測·高考提能]Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATheEnglishlanguagehasalotofwordswhichcanbeusedinmanydifferentwaysandinmanydifferentexpressions.Onesuchexampleisthewordmatter.Infact,mattercanmeanjustaboutanything.ItcouldbeoneofthemostusefulwordsintheEnglishlanguage.Let'sgettotheheartofthematter—amatterofprinciple.Ifsomeonesaysthatyouowehim$50,butyoudon't,afriendmightsay,“Well,youcouldpayhimthe$50.It'snotthatmuchmoney.Thenyouwon'thavetohearhimsayitanymore.”Butifyoudonotowehimthemoney,donotpayhimthemoney.It'samatterofprinciple.Thereisanotherwaytousethewordmatter.Butbecarefulwithyourchoiceofwords.Ifyouasksomeone,“What'sthematter？”，itshowsyouareworriedabouttheotherperson.Butsaying,“What'sthematterwithyou？”hasacompletelydifferentmeaning.Anditusuallysoundsrude.Infact,whenyousay,“What'sthematterwithyou？”，youaresuggestingthatthepersondidsomethingwrongorstupid.Anotherexpressionthatcouldsoundrudeistosay,“Itdoesn'tmattertome.”Here,itdependsonthecontext,_andhowyousayit.Let'ssayyoutellsomeonethatafriendjustgotabigraiseatwork.Thatpersonanswerswith,“Itdoesn'tmattertome.”Here,itmeansheorshedoesnotcare.Anditsoundsrude.Butsaying,“Oh,youpickwhereweeatdinner.Itdoesn'tmattertome.”doesnotsoundrude.Inthissituation,“itdoesn'tmatter”showsyouareeasy-going.Nomatterhowyoulookatitandwhatyousay,matterisaveryusefulword.Andit'sonlyamatteroftimebeforeyouwillbecomeanexpertontheuseofmatter.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了matter一詞的諸多用法。)1．Wecaninferfromthetextthatthewordmatter________.A．hasawideuseB．canmeanmoneyC．isthemostusedEnglishwordD．hasthemostdifferentexpressions解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一、二段的描述可知，matter一詞用法很廣。2．Whatistheauthor'ssuggestioninParagraph4?A．Everypennycounts.B．Sticktowhatisright.C．Followyourfriend'sadvice.D．Becarefulwhenmakingfriends.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butifyoudonotowehimthemoney,donotpayhimthemoney.It'samatterofprinciple.”可推測，作者認為錢的數(shù)目不重要，重要的是原則問題。因此他覺得在對的事情上要堅持自己的立場，不要輕易作出讓步或改變。3．Theunderlinedword“context”inthetextprobablymeans“________”．A．choice B．personC．situation D．a(chǎn)nswer解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二、三段舉例說明“Itdoesn'tmattertome.”在不同的語境意思不同可知，該表達取決于上下文語境，故選situation。4．Theauthordevelopsthetextmainlyby________.A．usingexamplesB．givinginstructionsC．describinghisexperiencesD．discussingresearchfindings解析：選A寫作手法題。根據(jù)文中用不同的例子來講解matter的用法可知，作者主要是通過舉例來展開全文的。BGeneticallymodified(GM)foods(轉(zhuǎn)基因食品)havebeenaroundformanyyears.Theyaredevelopedforanumberofdifferentreasons—tofightdisease,resistpests,improvenutrition,survivedrought—andaremainlyfoundinourfoodsupplyinprocessedfoodsusingcorn,soybeansandasfeedforfarmanimals.Aretheysafe?Howdotheyaffecttheenvironment?Cantheyimprovefoodsecurity?IstheworldbetteroffwithorwithoutGMfoods?SupportersofGMfoodssaythatfarmerswhogrowthesecropsareabletousefewerenvironmentallydamagingfarmchemicals.Theincreasedoutputisimportanttofeedingtheworld'sgrowingpopulation.AndmanystudieshaveshownthatGMfoodsaresafetoeatandthatthere'snoactualevidenceofanyhealthrisks.Theyalsoaddthatthefoodshavebeenthoroughlyexaminedandhavegainedapprovalforeatingfromawidevarietyofgovernmentandscientificbodies.Critics,however,areconcernedthatthesefoodshavenotbeenstrictlytestedandarepotentiallydangerousforboththeenvironmentandpeople'shealth.TheysayfarmersgrowingGMcropshaveactuallyincreasedtheiruseoffarmchemicals.Andthewidespreaduseofthecrops,theysay,hasalsoledtoanincreaseinweedsandinsectsthathaveresistancetofarmchemicals.And,theyargue,thereisstillnoscientificevidenceofthelong-termsafetyofthesefoods.Fourscientistsrecentlytookonthosequestionsinadebate,facingofftwoagainsttwoonGMfoods.IntheseOxford-styledebates,theteamthatgetsthemostpeopleonitssidebytheendisthewinner.Beforethedebate,theaudienceattheKaufmanMusicCenterinNewYorkvoted32percentinfavorofGMfoods,with30percentagainstand38percentundecided.Afterward,60percentagreedwithGMfoods,and31percentdisagreed—makingthesidearguinginfavorofGMfoodsthewinnersofthisdebate.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要報道了科學家們針對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品進行辯論的情況。5．What'sthemainpurposeofParagraph1?A．ToadvertiseGMfoods.B．ToshowwhatGMfoodsare.C．Tointroducethetopicofthetext.D．ToexplainwhyGMfoodsaredeveloped.解析：選C寫作意圖題。文章第一段提出轉(zhuǎn)基因食品產(chǎn)生的原因并在最后連續(xù)提了四個問題，表示人們對它的擔憂，從而引出討論的話題。6．What'sthemainfocusofthedebate?A．ThenecessityofproducingGMfoods.B．Wheth