2021北京大興高二（上）期末英語(yǔ)

8/82021北京大興高二（上）期末英語(yǔ)2021.1本試卷共10頁(yè)，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，20分)第一節(jié)語(yǔ)篇填空(共10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。China'swinter，fromDecembertoFebruary，willbechillerthanusual，accordingtoanationwideweatheroutlook_____1_____(release)byauthoritiesonWednesday.Theforecast，made_____2_____(joint)bytheNationalClimateCenterandtheMinistryofWaterResources，saidcoldairwillbefrequent_____3_____northwesternandsouthernpartsofChina，includingthe_____4_____(province)ofGansu，Qinghai，ShaanxiandGuizhou，aswellastheXinjiangUygurandGuangxiZhuangautonomousregions，_____5_____temperaturesanaverageof1℃to2℃_____6_____(low)thaninpreviouswinters.It_____7_____(add)thatlong-lastingandlarge-scalefreezingweatherorsnowstormswillbelesslikely_____8_____(occur)inthesouththiswinter，butshorterepisodesofsuchweather_____9_____(witness).Meanwhile，20percentto50percentmoreprecipitationthannormalwillbatterNorthChinathiswinter，whileinthesouthitwilldecreaseby_____10_____sameamount，theforecastsaid.第二節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Itwasarainymorningandthechildren，mainlyboyswithvariouslearningdifficulties，refusedtosettleforthestartofthelesson.Asaninexperiencedteacher，Itriedeverymeanstogetthemtobe___11___，butinvain.MypanicwasrisingandIcouldfeelmyheartbeatingwildly.Thiswasthe___12___ofmyjobasamusicteacher，Ithought—teachingwasnotforme.ThenIhadanidea.HopingthatnoonewouldnoticethatIwas___13___inside，Ithrewmyvoiceasfarasitwouldreach：“Putyourheadsonthedesksandcloseyoureyes!Wearegoingonajourney.___14___，thechildrenfellsilent.“NowwhatshouldIdo?”Ithoughttomyself.ReachingovertomycollectionofCDs，Iblindly___15____，putitinthemachineandplayedit.Obediently(順從地)，myclasslaytheirheadsontheirdesks，closedtheireyesand__16___.Whenthemusicstarted，theroomwasfilledwiththemostbeautifultonesandmusicalcolorsIcouldhaveeverimagined.Allthechildrenwere___17___.Whenthemusicfinished，Iaskedthemalltoraisetheir___18___slowlysothatwecouldshareourmusicaljourneys.Atthispoint，whenallthechildrenwerewillingtosharetheirexperiences，Ibegantolearnhowtoteach.Themusicallowedmetolearnthatteachingisaboutsharingandrespect，tearsandsmiles，theknowingandthe___19___and，mostofall，anunderstandingofeachother.Thiswasthepowerthat___20___intheclassroomcouldhave.11.A.glad B.safe C.kind D.quiet12.A.end B.aim C.rule D.plan13.A.guessing B.shaking C.responding D.laughing14.A.Punctually B.Importantly C.Amazingly D.Obviously15.A.passedoneon B.gaveoneback C.turnedonein D.tookoneout16.A.slept B.nodded C.waited D.continued17.A.talking B.singing C.dancing D.listening18.A.legs B.heads C.arms D.shoulders19.A.unprepared B.unspoken C.unknown D.unforgotten20.A.games B.music C.tears D.knowledge第二部分閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，共40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，共30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AReturningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth，andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon'tchange，peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It'strue，theolderIget，themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading，it'sallaboutthepresent.It'saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow，becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst，whichItaketoreadingeveryspringisEmestHemningway'sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964，it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'sbook，herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight：SelectedPoems.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks，thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts，whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat，whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary，rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember，it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.21.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.B.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.C.It'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.22.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeast?A.It'sabriefaccountofatrip.B.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.C.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.D.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto?A.debt B.reward C.allowance D.facevalue24.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Helovespoetry. B.He'saneditor.C.He'sveryambitious. D.Heteachesreading.BAccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch，boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份)，it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits，theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst，95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan，eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate，theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit，takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However，theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest，inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase，shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest：theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore，sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However，we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion，I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot，I’llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim，whycan'tI?25.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety. B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand. D.Eatingbehavior.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters. B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters. D.Tallthinpersons.27.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.28.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare. B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers. D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.CEverybody，atsomepointintheirlives，hasexperiencedfailure.Itcouldbesomethingassimpleasnotgettingthejobyouwanted，orgettingfewermarksevenafterhardwork.Butwhatmakesyouisnotyourfailure，buthowyougetbackupafterbeinghit.Once，ayoungschoolboywascaughtinafireaccidentinhisschoolandwasassumedthathewouldnotlive.Hismotherwastoldthathewassuretodie，fortheterriblefirehaddestroyedthelowerhalfofhisbody.Evenifheweretosurvive，hewouldbelamethroughouthislife.Butthebraveboydidnotwanttodienordidhewanttobelame.Muchtotheamazementofthedoctor，hedidsurvive.Butunfortunatelyfromhiswaistdown，hehadnomotorability.Histhinlegsjusthungthere，lifeless.Eventuallyheleftthehospital.Buthisdeterminationtowalkwasunshakable.Athome，whenhewasnotinbed，hehadtostayinawheelchair.Oneday，hethrewhimselffromthechairandpulledhimselfacrossthegrass，dragginghislegsbehindhim.Hereachedthefence，raisedhimselfupandthenbegandragginghimselfalongthefence，firmlydetermined.Hedidthiseveryday，withfaithinhimselfthathewouldbeabletowalkunaided.Withhisirondetermination，hediddeveloptheabilitytostandup，thentowalkonandoff，thentowalkbyhimselfandthentorun.Hebegantowalktoschool，andthenruntoschool，torunforthejoyofrunning.Laterincollegehewasonthetrackteam.InFebruary1934，inNewYorkCity'sMadisonSquareGarden，thisyoungmanwhowasnotexpectedtosurvive，whowouldsurelyneverwalk，whocouldneverhopetorun—thisdeterminedyoungman，Dr.GlennCunningham，rantheworld'sfastestmile.Agoodexampleofthepowerofpositivethinkingandfaithinoneself，GlennCunninghamcontinuestobeaninspirationformany，andhisstory，abrilliantevidencetohowonecanbouncebackevenwhenalldifficultiesarepiledagainstone，tothedegreethatdeathseemedthepreferableoption.29.Thefirstparagraphisintendedto__________A.presentanargumentB.makepreparationsforstatementC.arousereaders’interestD.functionasabriefintroduction30.Whatwasthedoctor'sopinionaboutGlenn?A.Glennwasabletowalkwithhisowngreateffort.B.GreatdeterminationcouldmakeadifferencetoGlenn.C.TherewasaslimchancethatGlenncouldsurvive.D.Glenncouldliveanormallifewiththeupperhalfofhisbody.31.WhatdoweknowaboutGlenn?A.Glenntookrecoveryexerciseinhospital.B.Glenninspiredpeoplewithhismovingstory.C.GlennwonthefirstplaceinMarathon.D.Glennorganizedatrackteamincollege.32.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Standupafterfailure B.StrengthendeterminationC.Goafterdreams D.FacedifficultybravelyDPlastic-eatingwormsHumansproducesmorethan30milliontonsofplasticeachyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(填埋場(chǎng))，andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit，butanewstudysuggeststhatananswermayliesinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene，whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours，andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams，oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworm'schewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown，theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini，co-authorofthestudy，saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Waxisacomplexmixture，butthebasicbondinpolyethylene，thecarbon-carbonbond，isthereaswell，”sheexplains，“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDebruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversitydiTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy，saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies，shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep，Debruynsays，willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic”.33.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.34.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight__________A.helptoraiseworms B.helpmakeplasticbagsC.beusedtocleantheoceans D.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Agreatlifedoesn'thappenbyaccident.Agreatlifeistheresultofdividingyourtime，energy，andhardworktowardswhatyouwantyourlifetobe.Stopsettingyourselfupforstressandfailure.___36___Makethefollowingsecretsfityourownneedsandstyle，andstartcreatingyourowngreatlifetoday!Agreatlifeistheresultofsimplifyingyourlife.Peopleoftenmisunderstandwhatsimplificationmeans.___37___Instead，it'sawaytofreeupyourenergyandtimefortheworkthatyouenjoyandthepurposeforwhichyouarehere.Inordertocreateagreatlife，youwillhavetomakeroomforitfirst.Agreatlifeistheresultofremovingdistractions(使人分心的事).Upto75%ofyourmentalenergycanbetiedupinthingsthatarenotimportantbutdistractingyou.Lookaroundatsomeone'slifeyouadmire.Whatdotheydothatyouwouldliketoadoptinyourownlife?Askthemhowtheydoit.___38___.Agreatlifeistheresultofyouradjustments.___39___Itmaymeanthinkingaboutagainhowyouspendyourtime，orchoosingtospendyourmoneyinadifferentway.Itmaymeanlookingfornewwaystospendyourenergythatagreewithyourparticulardefinitionofagreatlife.___40___There'sanoldsayingeveryoneisfamiliarwith—Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.Inordertoevenmovefromthecouchtotherefrigerator，youhavetostart.There'snobettertimetostartthantoday.It'swhatyoudotodaythatwillmakeadifferenceinyourlifetomorrow.A.Agreatlifeistheresultofstarting.B.Agreatlifeistheresultofhavingintention.C.It'snotawaytoremoveworkfromyourlife.D.Startsettingupyourlif