（考研專升本資料）考研英語點(diǎn)睛班直播講義（英2閱讀寫作）

2020碧陽英語點(diǎn)睹拉講義(英語二)

【閱讀部分】

我們需要知道的常識(shí)背景：

1.通常保護(hù)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，防范壟斷

2.通常支持長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展，防范短期利益。

3.通?？萍加泻茫袎?，但最終是好事。

4.通常不支持政府決定。(英國(guó))

5.通常美國(guó)的教育，環(huán)境，醫(yī)療，移民政策都不對(duì)。

6.通常美國(guó)/西方的種種問題都是因?yàn)闆]錢(窮)

7.通常解決方案都不完美，還有提升空間。

8.通常作者的態(tài)度都是明確的，要么支持，要么反對(duì)，要么中性。

9.通常關(guān)注人的幸福，而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

10.通常醫(yī)療話題中的公立比私立好。

(鐵路等大型企業(yè)中私立比公立好。)

二.我們需要知道的主題題解題方法：

1.正確選項(xiàng)必須包含主題詞或其同近義替換詞。(必須包含)

2.正確選項(xiàng)必須和主題句進(jìn)行同義替換。(必須替換)

3.正確選項(xiàng)必須和文章結(jié)構(gòu)相匹配。(必須匹配)

(通過各段中心句判斷文章結(jié)構(gòu))

(1)提出話題(topic/decision/phenomenon)

(2)列出事實(shí)(facts)

(3)舉出例子(example/case)

(4)分析原因(causes)

⑸列出結(jié)果(effects)

(6)提出觀點(diǎn)(views/opinion)

⑺提出建議(solutions/suggestion)

(8)比較和對(duì)比(comparison/contrast)

三.我們必須熟悉的閱讀題目預(yù)測(cè)一

第一題：

Systematicallystarvedoffundsduringadecadeofausterity,NHStrustshavebeenforced

tooutsource.Thedetailsofwhereprivatecompanieshavechosentoexpandarouses

concerns.Iftheirroleindiagnostictestingandroutineoperationssuchashipreplacements

wasconceivedtoreducewaitingtimes,thedeliveryofhighlycomplexmentalhealth

servicesisadifferentmatter.

(想想你會(huì)怎么出題？)

思考題：

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheprivatecompaniesshould

(A)notinvestindiagnostictestingandroutingoperations

(B)beallowedtoreformthementalhealthservices

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(C)notbeencouragedtooffermentalhealthservices

(D)nothavemoney-makingmotivesinhealthservices

第二題：

Similarly,thetrendfortheheaviestsocialmediauserstogotosleeplatemaybedownto

teenagerswhonaturallyfallasleeplateusingsocialmediainbeduntiltheyfeeltired.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題?）

思考題：

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____

(A)usingsocialmediainbedmaycauseuserstogotosleeplate.

(B)sleepinglatemaycausethedownofteenagerswithtiredness.

(C)thetrendofsleepinglateisindependentwithyoungusers.

(D)teenagersexclusivelyleadtotheharvestsocialuse.

第三題：

However,Spencesaidtheresearchmighthelptounpicksomeoftheunexplained

phenomenaaroundtaste,pointingoutthatpreviousexperimentshavefoundpeoplecould

stilldiscriminatebetweenfoodsthatareonlyexpectedtodifferbytheirodours,evenwhen

theirnosewasnotinvolved.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題？）

Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______

A.Peoplehavediscriminationsagainstfoodwithdifferentodors.

B.Previousexperimentshelptoexplainphenomenaaboutnose.

C.Formerresearchesrevealnoorganotherthannosecantellodors.

D.Formerresearchesshowotherpartsofourbodycantellodors.

第四題：

Stateshaveverydifferentwaysofrecognizingonlineaccountsanddata.Sometreatdigital

assetsaspropertylikeacarorasavingsaccount.Otherstreatdigitalassetsasprivatedata

thatshouldn'tbeaccessedbyanyoneelse.Ingeneral,techcompanieswon'tturnoveryour

datawithoutyourexpressconsent,thoughsomemakeexceptionsforheirs.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題?）

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______

(A)Heirsareallowedtoobtaintheirpredecessors'databysomecompanies.

(B)propertylikeacarorasavingsaccountunderliesdigitalassets.

(C)techcompanies'decisionsconflictwiththeruleofstatesgovernment.

(D)thedigitalassetsaremuchmorevaluablethanotherproperty.

第五題：

Yet,contrarytoexpectations,Americansinremotelocationsdidnotrelymoreononline

shopping.Instead,theresearchersfoundpeopleinmoredenselypopulatedareaswere

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morelikelytodotheirshoppingonline,thoughthatmayalsobetiedtoeducationlevels

andaccesstoInternetconnectionsandbankingservices.

第一題：

Americansinremotelocationswereexpectedtorelymoreone-commerce.

(TorF)

第二題：

Besideseducationlevels,onlineshoppingisalsoundertheinfluenceofpopulationdensity.

(TorF)

第六題：

DetailsoftheplansaresketchybutitappearsApplewillbelaunchinganewplatformfor

newspublisherswithpaywalls-theWallStreetJournalisin,NewYorkTimesand

WashingtonPostarenot-andannouncingaseriesofnewTVdealsandoriginal

programmesthatwillputitheadtoheadwithNetflix,Amazon,Huluandtheirrivalsin

streamingmediaastheyfightitouttobethenewkingsofHollywood.

Whatdoes“sketchy"probablymean?

(A)unclear(B)evident(C)free(D)aggressive

第七題：

Whathappenedin2012tocausesuchdramaticshiftsinbehavior?ItwasaftertheGreat

Recession,whichofficiallylastedfrom2007to2009andhadastarkereffectonMillennials

tryingtofindaplaceinasputteringeconomy.Butitwasexactlythemomentwhenthe

proportionofAmericanswhoownedasmartphonesurpassed50percent.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題？）

Whatisthemostprobablereasonforthechangeofbehaviorin2012?

(A)TheGreatRecessionexertingmoreinfluenceonMillennials.

(B)TheemergenceofsmartphoneamongMillennialsintheUS.

(C)ThewidespreaduseofsmartphoneamongMillennials.

(D)ThesmartphoneexercisingmoreinfluenceonMillennials.

—

第八題：

LastMonday,atApple'sWorldwideDevelopersConference,thecompany'sheadof

softwareengineering,CraigFederighi,announcedthatitwasterminatingiTunes.Inone

way,theonlysurprisingthingwasthatApplehadtakensolongtoreachthatdecision.It's

beenobviousforyearsthatiTuneshadbecomeastrikingoddballforacompanythat

pridesitselfonelegantandfunctionaldesign.Sothedecisiontosplitthesoftwareinto

threefunctionalunits-dealingwithmusic,podcastsandTVapps-seemedbothlogical

andlongoverdue.

思考題：

iTunesisannouncedtobeterminatedbecause_.

A.itisconstantlylosingmoney

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B.ithasfailedtoattracttalents

C.itoffendedthemusicindustry

D.itisnotelegantnorfunctional

第九題：

Fooddeliveryappshaveexplodedinpopularityinrecentyears,withcompanieslike

DoorDash,Postmates,GrubhubandUberEatsseizingonconsumers1desireforcustomized

mealsandconvenience.GustavoLauria,co-founderoftheadvertisingagencyWe

Believers,whichdevelopedthevehicledeliveryconcept,saidthenewapproachallowsthe

burgerchaintocapitalizeonatimeofdayinwhichthecit/snightmarishtraffictypically

slowsbusiness.

(想想你會(huì)怎么出題？)

Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat

(A)fooddeliveryApparetappingtheneedanddemandofcustomers.

(B)theburgerchainisinvestingonnewdeliverytotackleterribletraffic.

(C)fooddeliveryappsarelosingthepopularityamongcustomers.

(D)thenightmarishtrafficcanbesolvedtoimprovethevehicleservice.

第十題：

Theplatformshavebeenmuchmorereluctanttoactagainstlieswhichpromotecauses

whicharenotinthemselvescriminal,howeverdespicable.GoogleandFacebookareboth

advertisingbusinesses,thebiggestthattheworldhaseverseen,andtheydependontheir

abilitytoattractandtoretainviewers.SotheconspiracytheoriesofAlexJoneswere

toleratedformanyyears.Sowerethe9/11truthers,theanti-vaxxers,and,onTwitter,

DonaldTrump'scampaigntosuggestthatObamahadbeenbornabroad.

(想想你會(huì)怎么出題？)

Thereasonthattheanti-vaxxersaretoleratedontheplatformsmaybethat

(A)theadvertisingbusinessesoftheplatformrelyonthem.

(B)theyhaveabilitytocaptureanddrawviewer'sattention.

(C)theyinteractwithDonaldTrump'scampaignand9/11truthers.

(D)theyareessentialtothebusinessofGoogleandFacebook.

第十一題：

Amazon*sgoalisquiteambitiousgiventhatitscurrentretrainingprograms,whichbegan

in2012,haveattractedonlyabout12,000ofitsU.S.employees.Still,thecompanyis

showingarenewedfaithinitsworkerstoexpandtheirskills.Andforworkerswho

participate,itshowsafaithinAmazon'sknowledgeofmarketandtechnologytrendsin

forecastingthetypesofskillsneededinthefuture.

(想想你會(huì)怎么出題？)

TheaimofAmazonisaggressivebecauseof

(A)itsinnovativebeliefinworker'sskills.

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(B)itsanticipationoffuturetrends.

(C)itslimitedsizeofretrainedemployees.

(D)itsambitiousgoalofretainingproject.

第十二題：

Carter'sowesmuchofitsrecentsuccess,analystssay,toadealitforgedwithTargetinthe

early2000s.InsteadofsellingitsexistinglineinTargetstores,executivesofferedtocreate

aspinoff."Targetcustomerstendtoshopfrequently,soconstantnewnessisimportant,n

saidKendraBakerKrugman.AnexclusivelineforWalmartfollowedsoonafter.In2017,the

companycreatedSimpleJoysbyCarter'sforAmazonPrimetoreachmoreaffluentand

"digitalsavvy"millennials.Asaresult,theretailer'sbiggestcompetitors—Walmart,Target

andAmazon-arealsoitslargestcustomers.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題?）

Accordingtothepassage,thesuccessofCarter'scanbeattributedmainlyto_____

(A)thefrequentreleaseofnewproducts.

(B)itscateringfortheneedofTargetcompany.

(C)thecreationofSimpleJoysforAmazon.

(D)thecooperationwithitsretailingrivals.

第十三題：

Podcasting,oncealow-budgetaffairdonemostlybyhobbyistsforwhomfinancialgain

wasrarelythegoal,isnowattractingbigmoney.Gimlet,thepodcaststudiobehindpopular

showslikeReplyAll,MysteryShow,andHomecoming,wasacquiredbySpotifyinFebruary

—alongwithAnchor,anappthatletsyoulistentoandproduceyourownpodcast—for

acombined$340million."Theformatisreallyevolvingandwhilepodcastingisstilla

relativelysmallbusinesstoday,1seeincrediblegrowthpotentialforthespaceandfor

Spotifyinparticular,nsaidSpotifyCEODanielEkinablogpostannouncingthedeal.

思考題：

AccordingtoDanielEk,thepodcastingbusiness________

(A)isdominatedbyReplyAll,MysteryShow,andSpotify.

(B)hasbeenacquiredbysomestudioandpopularshows.

(C)hasanunbelievablecapacitytodevelopandexpand.

(D)isstillarelativelysmallbusinessparticulartoSpotify.

第十四題：

TheAgeAppropriateDesignCode,orKids1Codeforshort,whichisexpectedtobelaid

beforeparliamentthisautumn,wouldcompletelyrevolutionisethedigitallandscapefor

Britishchildren.Amongitsstandardsarestrictcontentanddesignlimitationsonapps,

gamesandplatformsthattargetminors.Widelyusedtechnologiesthatnudgeor

manipulatechildrenthroughalgorithmsorintermittentrewardsystemsdesignedtoget

andkeeptheirattentionwouldbescrutinisedandbanned.Instead,theonuswouldbeon

techcompaniestoprove“thebestinterestsofachildastheprimaryconsideration"inany

productorplatformtargetedattheyouthmarket.

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TheKids'Codeisexpectedto_.

A.introducehightaxforinternetgiants

B.bandigitaldevicesinschoolcampus

C.listrulesforappsthattargetminors

D.banentertainmentcontentforkids

第十五題：

RoyalMailcouldbemadetoacceptfurthercontrolsonstamppricesaspartofaninquiry

announcedbythecommunicationswatchdog.Ofcomsaiditwouldcarryouta"fundamental

review“ofhowitregulatesRoyalMailtomakesurethecompanymaintainsitsobligationto

delivertoallpartsofthecountry.TheregulatordecidedtoundertakethereviewafterWhistl,

RoyalMaiPsonlynationalcompetitorfordirectdeliveryofletters,pulledoutofthemarket.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題？）

ThereviewofRoyalMailfunctionconductedbytheOfcomoriginatesfrom______

[A]RoyalMaildeclinedtoacceptthefurthercontrolonstampprices.

[B]ThewatchdogintendstoconfirmtheOfcom'sdutyontheservice.

[C]TheonlynationalrivalofRoyalMailhaswithdrawnfromthemarket.

[D]TheOf-complanstoregulateRoyalMailtopullWhistloutofthemarket.

第十六題：

Regulatorsaretargetingthebiggestnamesintech,barone:Microsoft.That'sbecause

thesoftwaregiantlearnedsomekeylessonsduringitsepicbattlewithregulatorstwo

decadesago,notablyworkingwithpartnersratherthanusingitsmarketpowerto

preventrivalsfromemerging.Techcompaniesrarelycomplainthesedaysabout

Microsoftabusingitshegemonicproducts,suchasitsflagshipWindows,whichstill

dominatesthepersonalcomputeroperatingsystembusiness,ornewlyacquiredones

suchasLinkedln,whichrulestheprofessionalsocialnetworkingmarket.

,思考題：Microsofthaswonovertheanti-trustregulatorsbecause—.

A.ithaswontheepicbattletwodecadesago

B.itworkedwithratherthanagainstpartners

C.itnolongerholdadominantmarketposition

D.itstickstotheoldculturethathelpeditgrow

第十七題：

Whileit'sunclearhowbiganimpactsucheffortshaveinultimatelyreducing

emissions,theyreflecthowenvironmentalconcernsaregrowingandshapingthe

behaviorofconsumersandbusinesses.The“TooGoodToGo“appispartofa

growingnumberofservicesusingtechnologytohelpreducefoodwaste.Activists

havebuiltonlinecommunitiestosharefoodwithneighborsbeforethrowingitaway.

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Startupshaveteamedupwithsupermarketstocreateapplicationsthatalert

consumerswhengroceriesthatareabouttoexpirearemarkeddown.Eventhe

Germangovernmenthaslaunchedaphoneappofferingrecipesbycelebritychefs

madespecificallyforleft-overgroceriesthatoftengetdiscarded.

Accordingtothetext,cuttingdownonfoodwastewill—.

A.increaseincomeforfoodcompaniesworldwide

B.haveabigimpactinreducingcarbonemissions

C.becomepopularasenvironmentalconcernsgrow

D.becomeanewgrowthpointforinternetgiants

第十八題：

WhenStephenHawkingwantedtospeak,hechoselettersandwordsfroma

synthesiserscreencontrolledbytwitchesofamuscleinhischeek.Butthe

painstakingprocessthecosmologistusedmightsoonbeboundforthedustbin.With

aradicalnewapproach,doctorshavefoundawaytoextractaperson'sspeech

directlyfromtheirbrain.Thebreakthroughisthefirsttodemonstratehowaperson's

intentiontosayspecificwordscanbegleanedfrombrainsignalsandturnedintotext

fastenoughtokeeppacewithnaturalconversation.

Brainspeechsignalshavebeenfoundtobeableto—.

A.becollectedandtranslated

B.giveStephenHawkingpain

C.generateanywordorspeech

D.decodeallhumanintentions

第十九題：

Onlinefakeryrunswideanddeep,butyoudon'tneedmetotellyouthat.Newspeciesofdigital

fraudanddeceptioncometolightalmosteveryweek,ifnoteveryday.Theinternetwassupposed

tocreatemarketswhereimpartialmechanismwouldautomaticallysurfacethetruestideasand

bestproducts,atavastandincorruptiblescale.Butdeceptionandcorruptionscalefantastically

too.

(思考題)

Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthattheconcernoftheauthoristhat

(A)thepublicmaybeunawareofonlinefraud

(B)theinternetmaymissitsoriginalpurpose

(C)thedigitalfraudordeceptionmaybeoverlooked.

(D)thecostofonlinefraudmaybetoohigh.

第二十題：

Forthefirsttimeinalongtime,therecoverylooksasifitmightbestartingtosputtera

littlebit.Everywhereyoulook,afterall,therehasbeenless-than-stellarnewsrecently.

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Considerthefactthattheeconomynotonlyaddeda75,000jobsinMay-180,000had

beenexpected-butalsothat,afterthelatestrevisions,itturnsoutitadded75,000fewer

jobsthanwehadthoughtinMarchandApril.

（思考題）

Theword"sputter*'(Line1,Para3)mostprobablymeans______

(A)accelerate

(B)spark

(C)uptick

(D)slowdown

第二十一題：

Citingdifferencesoverclimatechange,RoyalDutchShellhaspulledoutofanindustry

tradegroupcalledtheAmericanFuelandPetrochemicalManufacturers.Shellsaidthatit

wasatoddswiththerefiningandpetrochemicalgroupontheParisclimateagreement,

carbonpricing,fuelmandatesandthereductionofmethaneemissions.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題?）

Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

(A)ShellpulledatradegroupoutofManufacturers.

(B)Shelldisagreedwiththisgroupoversomeaspects.

(C)ShellwasatoddswiththeParisclimateagreement.

(D)Shellmandatedtheincreaseofmethaneemissions.

第二十二題：

AfederaljudgeinCaliforniaagreedwithRoblesthattheADAcoveredwebsitesbut

dismissedthelawsuit.HeagreedwithDomino'sthatitsdueprocessrightswouldbe

violatedbecausetheDepartmentofJustice(DOJ)hasnevermadegoodonitsobligation

toissueguidanceonexactlyhowwebsitesandappsshouldcomplywithTitleIIIoftheact,

whichconcernspublicaccommodations.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題？）

ThejudgebelievesthatsomerightsofDomino'shavebeenbrokenbecauseof____

(A)theabsenceofduegovernmentalstatement.

(B)thelawsuitrejectedbytheADAandtheDOJ

(C)theconcernofpublicaccommodationsanditsobligation.

(D)itsdueprocessrightsbeingoversteppedordenied.

第二十三題：

If"entitled"isthemostcommonadjective,fairlyornot,appliedtomillennials(thoseborn

between1981and1995),thecatchwordsforGenerationZarepracticalandcautious.

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Accordingtothecareercounselorsandexpertswhostudythem,GenerationZsareclear-

eyed,economicpragmatists.Despitegraduatingintothebesteconomyinthepast50

years,GenZsknowwhataneconomictrainwrecklookslike.Theywereimpressionablekids

duringthecrashof2008,whenmanyoftheirparentslosttheirjobsortheirlifesavingsor

both.Theyaren'tinterestedintakinganychances.

(想想你會(huì)怎么出題?)

WhyGenerationZshavenointerestintakingtherisk?

(A)Theydon'tseeanychancesintakingtherisk.

(B)Theyaremoreentitledthanthemillennials.

(C)Theyaregraduatingintotheboomingeconomy.

(D)Theyhavebeeninfluencedbytheeconomicsetback.

第二十四題：

AUSfirmtargetingfirst-yearuniversitystudentsandofferingtowriteessaysfor￡7apage,

postsmessagesonaccommodationandcoursegroupchatscreatedtohelpfresherssettle

intouniversitylife,boastingthatstudentscan“payafterdelivery".

（想一下你會(huì)怎么出題？)

思考題：

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

(A)AUSfirmishelpingfresherssettleintouniversity.

(B)Studentscanwriteessaysandgettheofferfromacompany.

(C)AUSfirmisofferingessaywritingserviceforstudents.

(D)Studentsneedgroupchatstosendthemessagetothefirm.

第二十五題：

Supportinghomelesspeopletoachievetheirpotentialmattersnowmorethanever.For

thisvulnerablegroup,withcomplexneedsaggravatedbybarrierstobasicservicessuchas

housing,health,employmentandbenefits,attendinguniversityislowonthelistof

aspirations.Yetformany,auniversityeducationwillhelpthemgettheirlivesfullyontrack,

enablingthemtofindfulfillingworkandaregularincome.

思考題：

Thecollegeeducationmattersformanyhomelesspeoplebecause______

(A)itismuchmoreimportantnowthaneverbefore.

(B)itimprovestheirlivesandsecuretheirincome.

(C)itismoreurgentthanemploymentandbenefits.

(D)itislowonthelistofaspirationforthevulnerable.

第二十六題：

Tosome,thisimbalanceinthegendermakeupofthepresscorpsmakesmediacoverage

pronetoframingarticlesfromamaleperspective.Forexample,inevaluatingafemale

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candidate'squalifications,theylookforsomeonewhoisstrong,rational,composed,anda

fighter,saysMeredithConroy."Womencantrytodistortthemselvesintothismold,but

ifsharder,"Conroycontinues,HMenareinherentlymoresuitableforthisvisionofthe

presidency,sotheirmalebehaviorsarelesslikelytobequestionedbythepress."

（想一下你準(zhǔn)備怎么出題?）

思考題：

Afemalecandidate'squalificationsarementionedtoshowthat_____

(A)newsreportisliabletowritestoriesfromtheangleofmen.

(B)robust,reasonable,andcombativefemalecandidatehastheedge.

(C)it'sharderforwomentochangethemselvesintothepowerfulmold.

(D)menaremoreappropriateforpeople'simaginationofthepresidency

第二十七題：

Butdespitetheoverwhelmingmessagefrommediaandsocietythatwrinklesare

unattractive,oldpeopleareincompetentandageingissomethingtobefeared,research

alsoshowsthatpeoplearehappiestatthebeginningandtheendoftheirlives.Anddespite

thefearthatmostofushaveofcarehomes,thevastmajorityofpeopleover65live

independently."Howcomesomanyofusunthinkinglyassumethatdepression,diapers,

anddementialieahead?”asksApplewhite."Thatthe20thcentury'sastonishingleapinlife

expectancyisadisasterinthemaking?Underlyingallthehand-wringingisageism:

discriminationthatsidelinesandsilencesolderpeople."

AccordingtoAshtonApplewhite,theleapoflifeexpectancyin20thcenturyis_.

A.disasterinthemakingforfuturegeneration

B.reasonofthewidespreadageisminsociety

C.notafactthatweshouldfeelapologeticfor

D.whatmakestheoldpeoplesilentanduseless

第二十八題：

JobvacanciesatoneofEurope'sleadingengineeringuniversitieswillbeopenexclusively

tofemalecandidatesforatleastthenext18monthsinordertoovercometheinstitution's

"implicitgenderbias".TherectoroftheEindhovenUniversityofTechnology,FrankBaaijens,

saidprogresstowardsabetterbalanceofmenandwomeninacademicroleshadbeen

stubbornlyslow.Underthenewrecruitmentpolicy,menwillonlybeeligibleforany

academicpostifnosuitablefemalecandidatesemergewithinsixmonthsofajobbecoming

available.Theproportionofvacanciesthatwillbeopenonlytowomenwillbeadapted

after18monthsofafive-yearprogrammetoreflectthesuccessorotherwiseofthe

scheme.

EindhovenUniversityofTechnologyhasadoptedthenewrecruitmentpolicyasameasure

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to_.

A.indicatethatitnolongerwantsmalescientists

B.provethatthestaffsupportsextremefeminism

C.striveforabettermaleandfemaleratioofstaff

D.expelallofunprofessionalmaleacademicstaff

第二十九題：

Whatgrabsfewerheadlinesisthatthereareplentyofbehaviorsthatrequireself-control

thathaveheldsteadyorevenimprovedinrecentdecades.Cigarettesmokinghasfallen

sharplysincetheMadMendays.Alcoholconsumptionpeakedin1980andhasfallenback

tothesamelevelas1960.

（想想你會(huì)怎么出題？）

TheexampleofCigarettesmokingismentionedtoshowthat_____

(A)Theheadlinestendtoreportbehaviorsthatrequireself-control.

(B)Manybehaviorsrequiringself-controlhaveimprovedduringpastyears.

(C)Thealcoholconsumptionhasfallenbacktothesamelevelas1960.

(D)CigarettesmokingandAlcoholconsumptionareharmfultohealth.

第三十題：

In2003thegovernmenfsscientificadvisorycommitteeonnutritionpublishedareport

detailingevidencethathighlevelsofsaltraisebloodpressure,contributingto

cardiovasculardiseases,strokesandheartattacks.Thefoodindustrywasinvitedtotake

voluntarymeasurestocutdownonsaltinprocessedfoodproducts,includingbread,

burgers,pastaandbiscuits.In2014thegovernmentsetspecifictargetstobemetby2017.

PHE'sreportsayssaltintakewasdownto8gperadultperdayby2014.Butthereporton

meetingthe2017targets-thefirsttimeanassessmenthasbeenmadebyagovernment

body-showsaverymixedpicture,withprogressinsomeareasandnoneinothers.

（想想怎么出題？）

Thelatestassessmentonthefoodindustryshowsthat____.

(A)highlevelsofsaltisbadfortheheart

(B)overallsaltconsumptionhasincreased

(C)onlymandatorymeasurescanwork

(D)progresshasnotbeenmadeinallareas

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第三十一題：

Veryoftenwhenpeopletrytodetectwhatdrivesperformance,theyrelyonpersonality,

whichactuallyrevealslittleaboutsomeone'sabilitytodotheirjobwell.Evaluationscanbe

biasedbecausetheyareinfusedwithstereotypingofpeopleorpoliticalinfluencesinside

anoffice.Despitestudyingpopulationswithtwodifferentworkingstyles,theresults

showed,perhapsnotsurprisingly,thathighperformerstendedtohavelowerratesof

phoneusage.Theyalsoexperiencedeeperperiodsofsustainedsleepandaremore

physicallyactivethantheirlowerperformingcolleagues.

思考題:Accordingtothestudy,jobperformanceisdirectlyrelatedto_.

A.personality

B.workingstyle

C.sustainedsleep

D.evaluationbias

第三十二題：

This,optimistsclaim,willextendlifeformanypeopletotoday'sceilingof120orso.Butit

maybejustthebeginning.Inthenextphasenotjustaveragelifespansbutmaximumlife

spanswillrise.Ifabodypartwearsout,itwillberepairedorreplacedaltogether.DNAwill

beoptimizedforlonglife.Addinanti-ageingdrugs,andcentenarianswillbecometwoa

penny.

WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3

A.Theuseofanti-ageingdrugswillgreatlyincreasethenumberofcentenarians.

B.AlteredDNAforlonglifecouldaccountfortheemergingofcentenarians.

C.Lifeoftheoptimistswillbeusuallyextendedtobreakthelimit.

D.Thereplacementofbodypartsmayaccountfortheemergingofcentenarians

第三十三題：

Scientistshavetypicallyjustifiedexcludingfemaleanimalsfromexperiments-evenwhen

studyingconditionsthataremorelikelytoaffectwomen-onthebasisthatfluctuating

hormoneswouldrendertheresultsuninterpretable.However,accordingtoRebecca

Shansky,itisentirelyunjustifiedbyscientificevidence,whichshowsthatthehormonesand

behaviourofmalerodentsarelessstablethanthoseoffemales.

Whymaleanimalsareusuallychosenasthestudycandidates?

(A)Thehormonesofmaleanimalsaremorestablethanthatoffemales.

(B)Someconditionsaremorelikelytoaffectwomencomparedwithmen.

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(C)Theunstablehormonesofwomenwouldaffecttheresultsofresearch.

(D)Excludingfemaleanimalsfromexperimentsiscompletelyunjustified.

第三十四題：

O'Neillsuggestedthattheschoolsystem'sattendancepolicyisnotworkingandneeds

rethinking.Shealsowonboardsupportforameasurethatcalledforareviewofpolicies

onacademiceligibilityforsportsandotheractivities.Extracurricularactiv