山東省濰坊市部分學校2022-2023學年高三下學期階段摸底聯(lián)考英語試題

2023年山東省濰坊市部分學校高三階段摸底聯(lián)考英語試題(滿分120分考試時間120分鐘)注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號和座位號填寫在答題卡上，并認真核對條形碼信息，核對無誤后將其橫貼在答題卡“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽力，試題卷直接從第二部分“閱讀”開始，題目序號從“21”開始。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，須用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再改涂其他答案;非選擇題須用黑色簽字筆作答，答案須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內相應位置上，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效。如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不按以上要求作答的答案無效，在試題卷上作答一律無效!3.請保持答題卡字跡工整，卡面清潔，不折疊、不破損。4.考試結束后，只交答題卡;試題卷自己保留，便于后續(xù)講評使用。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThisyear’sfavoritebooksofferamixtureofadviceonhowtocreateahappierandmorecompassionatesocietythroughshiftingourworldviewandimprovingoursocialinteractions.BittersweetWriterSusanCaindescribesbittersweetfeelingsas“atendencytostatesoflongingandsorrowandacuriousjoyatthebeautyoftheworld”.Embracingtheseemotionscanmakeourlivesmoremeaningful.Suchfeelingscancreatemotivationtoreacharenewedsenseofpurpose.Whilesometimesunpleasant,theycanspurspiritualgrowthandfosterourconnectionwithothers.Platonic“Friendshipsarewronglyundervaluedinoursociety,”writespsychologistMarisaFranco.It’sfriendshipsthatprovideuswithagreatsenseofbelongingandhappiness.Herbookshowsushowtogoaboutit—byreachingout,offeringaffectionandgenerosity.Francogivespracticalguidanceonhowtomanagepsychologicalblockstofriendship,pavingthewaytodeeperrelationships.HappierHourManypeoplefeeltheydon’thaveenoughhourstodoeverythingthey’dliketodo.ButresearcherCassieHolmesshowswhythisattitudeiswrong-headed.Sheencouragesustoevaluateourcurrentuseoffreetimeandhowmuchpleasurewegetfromouractivities.Then,sheoffersevidence-basedtipsonhowtousetimemorewisely—bylesseningtechnologyuse,developingrelationshipsandexperiencinggratitude.TheSecretLifeofSecretsIskeepingasecretabadthing?InprofessorMichaelSlepian’sbook,“Peopledon’tliketobealonewiththeirthoughts,andhavingasecretcancausefeelingsofisolationanduncertainty.”Therefore,it’sprobablygoodtofindadifferentwaytocope,liketellingyourtrustingfriends.Slepianofferstipsonhowtodecidewhethertokeeporrevealasecrettoavoidharmingrelationships.1WhatdoesSusanCaintrytoconvinceusinherbook?A.Bitterfeelingscanchangeintosweetones.B.Unpleasantemotionblocksourmentalgrowth.C.Acceptingsorrowandhappinessmakesuswhole.D.Asenseoflongingmakesthebeautyoftheworld.2.Whichbookintereststhosewhohavetroublemanagingtime?A.Bittersweet. B.Platonic.C.HappierHour. D.TheSecretLifeofSecrets.3.WhataspectdoPlatonicandTheSecretLifeofSecretsbothinvolve?A.Pursuingwealthandhealth.B.Readingtostopisolationoflife.C.Revealingasecretforstablefriendship.D.Developinginterpersonalrelationships.BMostofyouareprobablyfamiliarwiththevariousstoriesofsearchingalienlife,buthaveyouheardaboutthescientistwhowasresponsiblefordetectingthefirsttracesofintelligentlifelurking(潛伏)throughoutourgalaxy?ThisisFrankDrake’sstory.Attheageof8,hisfatheronedaytoldDrakethereareotherworldsinspace.Hehadnoideathatsuchathingwasapossibility—hethoughtEarthwasit.Itwasamedieval(過時的)attitude.Sohewondered,whataretheylike?Arethepeoplethesameasus?Dotheylookthesamewaywedo?What’stheirplanetlike?Andofcourse,atthattime,therewasnowaythatthosequestionscouldbeansweredintheslightest.Lateron,whenhewasincollege,hechosetheelementaryastronomycourse.Whilehewastakingthatcourse,hewenttothecampusobservatory,andoneofthethingsheobservedwastheplanetJupiter.Eventhroughasmalltelescope,itwasjustveryclearthatitwasanotherworld.Itwasnotapictureinabookorsomething.Andthatconvertedhim.FrankDrakeismostlyknownfordevelopingtheDrakeequation(方程式),whichisamathematicalequationthatwasdevelopedtoestimatethenumberofdetectablealiencivilizationsresidingintheMilkyWay.Drakeequationtakesmanythingsintoconsiderationfromtherateofstarformation,thefraction(小部分)ofstarsthathaveplanets,thenumberofhabitableplanetscirclingeachstar,thefractionofplanetsthatremainhabitablelongenoughforlifetoevolveallthewayuptothenumberofcivilizationsthatarecapableofdevelopingtechnology.Peoplealwayssaythatthesearchforalienlifehasfailed.“You’vebeensearchingfor60years,andyouhaven’tfoundanything.Sodoesn’tthatsaythatintelligentlifeisveryrare?”Butthat’swrong,becausetheamountofsearchingthatwe’vedonehashardlytouchedthenumberofpossibilitiesthatareoutthere—thatis,starsandradiofrequenciesandchannelsandallofthat.We’veonlycoveredatiny,tinyfractionofallthepossibilities.4.Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhefirstparagraph?A.Sharesomestoriesaboutalienlife.B.Leadinthetopicofthewholetext.C.Introducehisresearchexperiences.D.Questiontheexistenceofalienlife.5.HowdidDrakefeelwhenfirsttoldaboutotherworldsinspace?A.Anxious. B.Satisfied. C.Puzzled. D.Curious.6.WhatmightcauseDraketochoosetheelementaryastronomycourseincollege?A.TheobservationofJupiter.B.Theadvicefromhisfather.C.Apictureinasciencebook.D.Hisgreatinterestinalienlife.7.Whichofthefollowingviewsmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Theintelligentlifeinspaceisratherrare.B.Drakeequationwasusedtodetectaliens.C.Thesearchforaliensdeservescontinuing.D.Peoplecarriedoutawrongsearchforaliens.COnNovember15,thecountofhumansonthisplanetreached8billion.Populationgrowthhasbeensteadyoverthepastfewdecades.Butthatpatternisgraduallychanging,asisshowninthefollowingchart.Credit:KatiePeek;Source:WorldPopulationProspects2022，UnitedNationsPopulationDivisionThatslowdownispartlytheresultofashifttowardfeweroffspring.High-incomenationscurrentlyhavethelowestbirthrates,andtheoppositeistrue:nationswiththehighestbirthratestendtohavethelowestincomes.Thegaphascontinuedtowidenbetweenwealthynationsandpoorerones.Butlongerterm,itismovingtowardconvergence(趨同).Manyfactorscontributetothechangesoftheworld’spopulation,suchasmigration,deathrate,longevityandothers.Focusingonfertility(生育率U.S.owever,helpfullyclarifieswhythetotalnumberofhumansonEarthseemssettofall.Fertilityreferstotheaveragetotalnumberoflivebirthsperfemaleindividualinaregionorcountry.TheU.S.’scurrentfertilityrate,forexample,isabout1.7;China’sis1.2.Afertilityof2.1isconsideredthereplacementrate—thatis,therequirednumberofoffspring,onaverage,forapopulationtoholdsteady.Todaybirthratesinthewealthiestcountrieshavedroppedbelowthereplacementrate,therestlikelyfollowingsuitoverthecomingdecades.Humanity’sfutureclearlydependsonmanythingsbesidesfertility.Forexamplepeopleinwealthiernationsmayproducefewerchildren,butthoseoffspringtendtoconsumemoreresources—sorichcountriescanstillhaveoutsizeplanetaryimpactsdespitetheirdecreasingpopulations.OrganizationssuchastheUnitedNationsDepartmentofEconomicandSocialAffairsareworkingtowardpolicy-basedsolutionsforhowallofuscanhavehealthy,satisfyingandsustainablelivesonEarth.Aclear-eyedunderstandingofpopulationchangesiscriticalforreachingthatbrightfuture.8.Whichtimeperiodmaywitnesstheslowestglobalpopulationgrowth?A.1960~1974. B.2037~2058. C.1987~1998. D.2022~2037.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thedefinitionoffertilityrate. B.Thecauseofthelowfertilityrate.C.Thefertilityratesindifferentcountries. D.Theimpactoffertilityonworldpopulation.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thericherthenationsare,thehigherthefertilitywillbe.B.Thesmallerthepopulationis,themoreresourcesareused.C.Achievinghuman’ssustainablefutureisachallengingtask.D.Understandingpopulationshiftscantacklethefertilityissue.11.Whatisthetext?A.Ablogentry. B.Abookreview. C.Athemespeech. D.Aresearchreport.DSamsungElectronicsAmericaannouncedthatGalaxydeviceownerscanmaketheirownrepairstotheGalaxyS20andS21familyofproducts,aswellastheGalaxyTabS7+,startingAugust2nd.SamsungiscooperatingwithiFixittheleadingonlinerepaircommunity,todelivertheirSelf-Repairprogram.ThisprogramaddstoSamsung’scontinuedexpansionsforconvenientrepairforconsumersandhelpsthemwithsustainablesolutionstosupportamorecirculareconomybyextendingthelifeoftheirdevices,aswellasminimizinge-waste.Samsungconsumerswhowishtomaketheirownrepairscannowpurchaserealdevicepartsandconvenient,easy-to-userepairtools,availablethroughiFixit,Samsungretail(零售)andservicelocations,atthesamepricingofferedtoourrepairproviders.Inaddition,Galaxydeviceownerswillhavefullaccesstoonlinerepairguidesthatprovidebothvisualandwrittenstep-by-stepinstructions,andbestofall,atnocost.“Makingreplacementpartsavailableisakeysustainabilitystrategy.We’reexcitedtobeworkingdirectlywithSamsungandtheircustomerstoextendthelifetimeoftheirphones,”saidCEOofiFixit.Startingtoday,Galaxydeviceownerscanreplacethephonescreen,backglass,andchargingports.Inthefuture,Samsungplanstoexpandself-repairtoincludemoredevicesandrepairoptionsfromourextensiveproductportfolio(檔案).Furthermore,theprogrammakesiteasyforconsumerstoreturntheirthrown-awaypartsforresponsiblerecycling,asthenewdisplaykitswillcomewithareturnlabeltoshipthrown-awaypartsbacktoSamsung—atnocosttotheconsumer.U.S.dditiontotheconvenienceofthesenewself-repairoptions,GalaxysmartphoneownershaveachoiceonhowtheycanextendthelifeoftheirdevicesacrossSamsung’sexpansivecareoptions,including:ThroughSamsung’sperfectcarenetwork,customershaveaccesstoover11,000SamsungMobilecertifiedrepairtechniciansintheU.S.12.WhowilldotherepairworkundertheSelf-Repairprogram?A.TheiFixitcommunity. B.TheGalaxyconsumers.C.SamsungRepairstaff. D.Thedevicesthemselves.13.WhatistheSamsungcompanyaimingtodoaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Topromoteacirculareconomy. B.Tomakefulluseoftheoldparts.CToenrichthelifeofthephoneusers. D.ToensurebetterservicebyiFixit.14.Whichofthefollowingisfreeofcharge?A.TheSamsungdeviceparts. B.NewSamsungproducts.C.Thewrittenrepairinstructions. D.Theeasy-to-userepairtools.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewInvention B.ANewTechnologyC.ASuccessfulCooperation D.AnInitiativepractice第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后提供的選項中選出填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.____16____Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.Previousresearchhasshownthatthechangesactuallypersistinthemusclesthemselves.Inonestudyofmice,theresultssuggestthatafternucleiinmusclecellsmultiplyinresponsetoanoverloadoftraining,thoseextranucleiaren’tlostduringsubsequentperiodsofinactivity.Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.____17____Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachthepost-traininglevel.Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas.howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.____18____Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitcomestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.Andtheprincipleappliestobothresistancetrainingandendurancetraining.Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.____19____Ultimately,musclememoryisapayoffforallthepastworkyouputintolearningasport.____20____Youwillneverknowhowmuchmusclememoryyoumayhaveuntilyoustarttrainingagain.A.Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.B.Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.C.Thisconvincestheresearchersthatmusclememorymaynotbelonglasting.D.Thatistosay,wecandothesportsautomaticallywithoutconsciousthought.E.Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.F.Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.G.Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ElizabethRevishasbeendiagnosedwithcancer.Herillnessis___21___andcancerhasnowspreadtoherlungs.Asshebeganto___22___herhairbecauseofchemo(化療),Revis___23___tohavea“shaveparty”forherhair___24___waitingfortherestofittofallout.Themorningoftheso-calledparty,her9-year-olddaughterLeilaaskedifshecould___25___one-thirdofherhair,too.Revislearnedshe___26___theideaallonherown.“Iwasshocked,”Revissaid.“___27___shouldyoudothat?Baby,youdon’thavetodothat.”“Mother,don’tbe___28___andI’llstandbyyouforever,”thedaughtersaid.AfterRevishadherheadshaved,Leilahadpartofhersshavedaswell.Leilasaidthedaughterwasso___29___ofherselfandlikedhernewlook.“Shecombedtheremainingthenextdayforschoolsoshecouldshowitoff,”Revissaid.“Shecouldn’t____30____totelleveryoneaboutthepartyandmyhair.”Revissaidherdaughterisknownforher____31____gestures.”She’ssointunewithothers’feelings,”Revissaidaboutherdaughter.“It’samazing.”Revisaddedtherestofherfamilyandhercommunityhavealsoplayedavitalrolein____32____herduringhercancerjourney.She’sbeenmovedbythe____33____surroundingher.“YouknowIwouldneverwishthiscanceroruncertaintyonanyone,”shesaid.“But,withoutthis____34____,Iwouldhaveneverexperiencedsuchlove.It’sprettypowerfulstuffandIwouldnever____35____it.”21.A.better B.worse C.slight D.stable22.A.wash B.grow C.lose D.polish23.A.chose B.refused C.failed D.hesitated24.A.bymeansof B.inspiteof C.asaresultof D.insteadof25.A.color B.brush C.reserve D.shave26.A.putforward B.carriedout C.gaveup D.spreadabout27.A.Why B.When C.How D.Where28.A.happy B.tearful C.greedy D.grateful29.A.guilty B.critical C.proud D.ashamed30.A.offer B.wait C.agree D.manage31.A.generous B.strange C.selfless D.enthusiastic32.A.blaming B.serving C.supporting D.opposing33.A.action B.belief C.coldness D.kindness34.A.low B.high C.treatment D.case35.A.purchase B.change C.accept D.trade第二節(jié)(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。Consistingofabambooframeanda____36____(delicate)paintedpapersurface,Chineseoil-paperumbrellashavelongbeenviewedasasymbolofChina’straditionofculturalcraftsmanshipandpoeticbeauty.Notjustaretheyaninstrumenttokeepoffrainorsunlight,butalsoworksofart____37____(possess)richculturalsignificanceandaesthetic(美的)value.Thefirstoil-paperumbrellasappearedduringEasternHanDynasty(25-220).Later,they____38____(bring)overseastoJapanandancientKoreaduringtheTangDynasty(618-907),whichis____39____theywereknownas“Tangumbrellas”.IttakesquitealotoftimeandefforttomakeatraditionalChineseoil-paperumbrella____40____hand.Forexample,inFenshuitownshipinLuzhou,SichuanProvince,craftsmenmustcompletemorethan90stepsanduseover100differenttools____41____(create)asinglehandmadeoil-paperumbrella.Sincetheappearanceofmodernmechanicalumbrellas,traditionaloil-paperumbrellas____42____(suffer)fromdecliningsales,while____43____numberofcraftsmenhasbeenonthedecrcase.Fortunately,withthe____44____(include)ofFenshuioil-paperumbrellasasoneofChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagesin2008,thingshavebeenimproving.Thesegreatitemsappearinmanyfashionshowsandmediapublicationsduetothepositivepublicity_____45_____theyhavereceived.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是某英文新聞報記者李華。最近，一位母親領著一位6歲男童進入女廁所，并聯(lián)合自己丈夫辱罵指出問題的女大學生。關于“媽媽能不能帶男孩子進女廁所”引發(fā)社會廣泛討論和關注，請你寫一篇英文新聞報道，內容包括：1.事件描述；2.提出解決措施（不少于3條）注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Everysingleoneofushasadifferentstory.Itiseasytojudgeothersbasedonwhatwewitnessforabriefamountoftime,butthisisnotwhatweshoulddo.AndreOwenisapolicemanwhoworksfortheSussexPolice.Heisakind-heartedyoungofficer.Heisalwaysworkinghardanddevoteshimselftohisduty.Andononeparticularday,hisshift(輪班)wasprovingtobeoneofthetoughdays.Thatday,hestartedtoworkataround7:05am.Itwassuchanearlystartforhisdutythathehadnotimeforbreakfast.Hewascalledtoaseriousinc