2023年湖北省農(nóng)村義務(wù)教師招聘考試小學(xué)英語試卷及答案解析

2023年湖北省農(nóng)村義務(wù)教師招聘考試（小學(xué)英語）試卷及答案解析(時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分)1．單項(xiàng)選擇(共10題，每小題1分，共10分)1.__thedayon,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhichD.As2.Advertisementsgiveus__aboutproducts,suchastheirpricesanduses.A.informationB.newsC.wordsD.pictures3.Theyounglady__nothingbutfashionsonwhichshespendsalot.A.caresforB.appliesforC.sendsforD.runsfor4.RecentlyIboughtanancientvase,__wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofthat5.Thefilm__forhalfanhourwhenIgottothecinema.A.beganB.begunC.hadbegunD.hadbeenon6.Butforyourhelp,I__theworkaheadoftime.A.wouldn'thavefinishedB.didn'tfinishC.hadn'tfinishedD.wouldn'tfinish7.__wasaprotestmovementbyAmericanyouththataroseinthelate1960s.A.CounterCultureMovementB.TheWomen'sMovementC.TheAnti-WarMovementD.FreeSpeechMovement8.IntheUnitedStatescontinuestowelcomealargenumberofimmigrantseachyearandhasreferredtoasamelting-potsociety.Thistrendcanreflectthetheoryof__A.macrocultureB.microcultureC.globalizationD.modernization9.Inthe18thcenturyEnglishliterature,therepresentativewriterofNeo-classicismis__A.PopeB.SwiftC.DefoeD.Milton10.WhichwriterwhowontheNobelPrizewasfamousforhiswritingskillsbyusingsimpleEnglishandsentencestructures?A.WilliamFaulknerB.ErnestHemingwayC．Eugence0’NeillD．SinclairLewisⅡ．完形填空(共20題。每小題1分。共20分)Myjobwastomakeclassroomobservationsandencourageatrainingprogramthatwouldenablestudentstofeelgoodaboutthemselvesandtakechargeoftheirlives．Donnawasoneofthevolunteerteacherswhoparticipatedinthis11Oneday，IenteredDonna’sclassroom，tookaseatinthebackoftheroomand12．Allthestudentswereworking13atask．Thestudentnexttomewasfillingherpagewith“ICan’ts．…‘Ican’tkickthesoccerball．”“Ican’tgetDebbietolikeme．”Herpagewashalffullandsheshowedno14ofstopping．Iwalkeddowntherowandfound15waswritingsentences，de-scribingthingstheycouldn’tdo．Bythistimetheactivityarousedmy16，soIdecidedtocheckwiththeteachertoseewhatwasgoingon17Inoticedshetoowasbusywriting．“Ican’tgetJohn’smothertocomeforaparents’meeting”…Ifeltitbestnotto18.Afteranothertenminutes，thestudentswere19tofoldthepapersinhalfandbringthemtothefront．Theyplacedtheir“ICan't”statementsintoanemptyshoebox．ThenDonna20hers．Sheputthelidonthebox，tuckeditunderherarmandheadedoutthedoor．Studentsfollowedtheteacher．Ifollowedthestudents．HalfwaydownthehallwayDonnagotashovelfromthetoolhouse．a(chǎn)ndthenmarchedthestudentstothefarthestcorneroftheplayground．Theretheybe-ganto21．Theboxof“ICan’ts”wasplacedatthe22oftheholeandthenquicklycoveredwithdirt．AtthispointDonnaannounced，“Boysandgirls，pleasejoinhandsandyourheads．”Theyquicklyformedacirclearoundthegrave．Donnadeliveredtheeulogy(悼詞)．“Friends．wegatheredheretodayto24thememoryof‘ICan’t．’Heis25byhisbrothersandsisters‘ICan’and‘IWill’．May‘ICan…trestin26．Amen!”Sheturnedthestudents27andmarchedthembackintotheclassroom．Theycelebratedthe28of“ICan”．Donnacutalargetombstonefrompaper．Shewrotethewords“ICan't”atthetopandthedateatthebottom，thenhungitintheclassroom．Onthoserareoccasionswhenastudent29andsaid，“ICan’t，”Donna30pointedtothepapertombstone．Thestudentthenrememberedthat“ICan't”wasdeadandchoseotherstatement．11．A．jobB．projectC．observationD．course12．A．checkedB．noticedC．watchedD．waited13．A．onB．withC．a(chǎn)sD．for14．A．scenesB．sensesC．marksD．signs15．A．nobodyB．somebodyC．everyoneD．a(chǎn)nyone16．A．curiosityB．suspectC．sympathyD．worry17．A．a(chǎn)ndB．orC．butD．so18．A．insertB．interruptC．talkD．request19．A．taughtB．shownC．forcedD．instructed20．A．a(chǎn)ddedB．wroteC．madeD．folded21.A.cryB.prayC.digD.play22.A.backB.bottomC.topD.edge23.A.dropB.raiseC.fallD.lift24.A.keepB.thankC.forgiveD.honor25.A.rememberedB.punishedC.removedD.replaced26.A.silenceB.heartC.peaceD.memory27.A.downB.upC.offD.around28.A.birthB.passingC.lossD.starting29.A.awokeB.remindedC.forgotD.apologized30.A.simplyB.hardlyC.seriouslyD.angrilyⅢ．閱讀理解(共12題，每小題2分。共24分)APsychologytellsusthatmanypeoplehatetotakerisks.Butitisgoodforustotakerisks,es-peciallywhentheriskistoachieveadesiredresult.Inthatway,webecomestrongerandbraver.Ourhumannatureshouldbetotakerisks,butsomepeoplejustsitandwishtheydidn'thavethefeartomoveon.Thisisbecausetheyfailedafewtimesintheirlives.Pleasestepoutanddon'tletthepastholdyoubackfromlivinglifetothefullest.Moveforwardandmoveon!Instudyingthepsychologyoftakingrisks,wefindthathumanprovidesuswiththedesiretoexperimentandtakechances.Risktakingisagreatadvantagethatallowedourancestorstobecomestrongerandstrongerdaybyday.Bytakingriskstheyfoughtoffenemiesanddiscoverednewterritories.Thisattitudehasbecomeapartofourmodemculture.Ridingarollercasterisacommonrisktakingactivity.Eveneachpersonseemstoenjoytheriskalthoughtheyhavetheunderstandingthatitisdangerous.Thispsychologicalandbiologicalconnectioncreatesaninterestingconnectionbetweenwhatisunsafeandwhathumansenjoy.Gettinginacareachdayisarisk.Gettingoutofbedisarisk,too.Weneedtotakeriskssothatwecancompletemanythings.Astronautstakeriskswhentheygetinsidearocket;however,thethingstheyachievearegreat.Businessmentakeariskwhentheybuypartsofacompany,however,withoutdoingthat,theycouldnotmakemoremoney.Weneedtotakeriskssothatwecangainsomething.Itisimpossibletomoveforwardinlife,earnmoney,enjoyarelationship,playasport,ordoinganythingelsewithouttakingarisk.Itisallpartofthegame.It'soneofthemostimportantpartsoflife.31.Somepeopledon'twanttotakerisks,mainlybecause__A.theyaretoolazytomoveonB.theyfeelpleasedwiththepresentlifeC.theyhavefailedseveraltimesbeforeD.theyshowlittleinterestinthestrangeworldoutside32.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"Thisattitude"inparagraph3mean?A.Takingrisks.B.Fightingoffenemies.C.Discoveringnewterritories.D.Becomingstrongerandstronger.33.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Dailylifeisfullofrisks.B.Thesafestplacehasthegreatestrisk.C.Peopleshouldtakeriskswhentheyareyoung.D.Wecanalwaysachieveourgoalsbytakingrisks.34.Whatwouldbethetitleforthepassage?A.TakingRisksIsEasierSaidthanDoneB.RisksTakenbyAncestorsC.LiveOurLifetotheFullestD.NoRisk,NoGainBIn1784,fiveyearsbeforehebecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates,GeorgeWashington,52,wasnearlytoothless.Sohehiredadentisttotransplantnineteethintohisjaw--havingex-tractedthemfromthemouthsofhisslaves.That'safardifferentimagefromthecherry-tree-choppingGeorgemostpeoplerememberfromtheirhistorybooks.Butrecently,manyhistorianshavebeguntofocusontherolesslaveryplayedinthelivesofthefoundinggeneration.TheyhavebeenspurredinpartbyDNAevidencemadeavailablein1998,whichalmostcertainlyprovedThomasJeffersonhadfatheredatleastonechildwithhisslaveSallyHemings.Andonlyoverthepast30yearshavescholarsexaminedhistoryfromthebottomup.Worksofseveralhistoriansrevealthemoralcompromisesmadebythenation'sear-lyleadersandthefragilenatureofthecountry'sinfancy.Moresignificantly,theyarguethatmanyoftheFoundingFathersknewslaverywaswrong--andyetmostdidlittletofightit.Morethananything,thehistorianssay,thefounderswerehamperedbythecultureoftheirtime.WhileWashingtonandJeffersonprivatelyexpresseddistasteforslavery,theyalsounderstoodthatitwaspartofthepoliticalandeconomicbedrockofthecountrytheyhelpedtocreate.Foronething,theSouthcouldnotaffordtopartwithitsslaves.Owningslaveswas"likehav-ingalargebankaccount,"saysWiencek,authorofAnImperfectGod:GeorgeWashington,HisSlaves,andTheCreationofAmerica.ThesouthernstateswouldnothavesignedtheConstitutionwithoutprotectionsforthe"peculiarinstitution,"includingaclausethatcountedaslaveasthreefifthsofamanforpurposesofcongressionalrepresentation.Andthestatesmen'spoliticallivesdependedonslavery.Thethree-fifthsformulahandedJef-fersonhisnarrowvictoryinthepresidentialelectionof1800byinflatingthevotesofthesouthernstatesintheElectoralCollege.Onceinoffice,JeffersonextendedslaverywiththeLouisianaPur-chasein1803;thenewlandwascarvedinto13states,includingthreeslavestates.Still,JeffersonfreedHemings'schildren--thoughnotHemingsherselforhisapproximately150otherslaves.Washington,whohadbeguntobelievethatallmenwerecreatedequalafterobservingthebraveryoftheblacksoldiersduringtheRevolutionaryWar,overcamethestrongoppositionofhisrelativestogranthisslavestheirfreedominhiswill.Onlyadecadeearlier,suchanactwouldhaverequiredlegislativeapprovalinVirginia.35.GeorgeWashington'sdentalsurgeryismentionedto__A.showtheprimitivemedicalpracticeinthepastB.demonstratethecrueltyofslaveryinhisdaysC.stresstheroleofslavesintheU.S.historyD.revealsomeunknownaspectofhislife36.Wemayinferfromthesecondparagraphthat__A.DNAtechnologyhasbeenwidelyappliedtohistoryresearchB.initsearlydaystheU.S.wasconfrontedwithdelicatesituationsC.historiansdeliberatelymadeupsomestoriesofJefferson'slifeD.politicalcompromisesareeasilyfoundthroughouttheU.S.history37.WhatdowelearnaboutThomasJefferson?A.Hispoliticalviewchangedhisattitudetowardsslavery.B.Hisstatusasafathermadehimfreethechildslaves.C.Hisattitudetowardsslaverywascomplex.D.Hisaffairwithaslavestainedhisprestige.38.Washington'sdecisiontofreeslavesoriginatedfromhis__A.moralconsiderationsB.militaryexperienceC.financialconditionsD.politicalstandCIt'soneofourcommonbeliefsthatmiceareafraidofcats.Scientistshavelongknownthatevenifamousehasneverseenacatbefore,itisstillabletodetectchemicalsignalsreleasedfromitandrunawayinfear.Thishasalwaysbeenthoughttobesomethingthatishard-wiredintoamouse'sbrain.ButnowWendyIngram,agraduatestudentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,haschallengedthiscommonsense.Shehasfoundawayto"cure"miceoftheirinbornfearofcatsbyinfectingthemwithaparasite,reportedthesciencejournalNature.Theparasite,calledToxoplasmagondii,mightsoundunfamiliartoyou,buttheshockingfactisthatuptoone-thirdofpeoplearoundtheworldareinfectedbyit.Thisparasitecancausediffer-entdiseasesamonghumans,especiallypregnantwomen--itislinkedtoblindnessandthedeathofunbornbabies.However,theparasite'seffectsonmiceareunique.Ingramandherteammeasuredhowmicereactedtoacat'surine(尿)beforeandafteritwasinfectedbytheparasite.Theynotedthatnormalmicestayedfarawayfromtheurinewhilemicethatwereinfectedwiththeparasitewalkedfreelyaroundthetestarea.Butthat'snotall.Theparasitewasfoundtobemorepowerfulthanoriginallythought—evenafterresearcherscuredthemiceoftheinfection.Theynolongerreactedwithfeartoacat'ssmell,whichcouldindicatethattheinfectionhascausedapermanentchangeinmice'sbrains.Whydoesaparasitechangeamouse'sbraininsteadofmakingitsicklikeitdoestohumans?Theanswerliesinevolution."It'sexcitingscarytoknowhowaparasitecanmanipulateamouse'sbrainthisway,"In-gramsaid.Butshealsofindsitinspiring."Typicallyffyouhaveabacterialinfection,yougotoadoctorandtakeantibioticsandtheinfectionisclearedandyouexpectallthesymptomstoalsogoaway."Shesaid,butthisstudyhasproventhatwrong."Thismayhavehugeimplicationsforinfec-tiousdiseasemedicine."39.Thepassageismainlyabout__A.mice'sinbornterrorofcatsB.theevolutionofToxoplasmaC.anewstudyabouttheeffectsofaparasiteonmiceD.aharmfulparasitecalledToxoplasmagondii40.Theunderlinedpart"hard-wired"inParagraph1probablymeans__A.deeplyrootedB.quicklychangedC.closelylinkedD.deeplyhurried41.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Toxoplasmagondiicausespeoplestrangeanddeadlydiseases.B.Withcertaininfectiontheinfectiousdiseasecannotbecuredcompletely.C.Humanbeingsinfectedbytoxoplasmagondiiwillhavepermanentbraindamage.D.Toxoplasmagondiiisharmfultohumanbeings,butitdoesnoharmtomice.42.Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheexperimentis__A.positiveB.subjectiveC.negativeD.objectiveⅣ．翻譯(共5題。每小題2分，共10分)Firstimpressionsareoftenlastingones.(43)Indeed,ifyouplayyourcardsright,youcanenjoythebenefitsofwhatsociologistscallthe"haloeffect."(44)Thismeansthatifyou'reviewedpositivelywithinthecriticalfirstfewminutes.thepersonyou'vemetwilllikelyassumeeverythingyoudoispositive.(45)Tomakeyourfirstencounterapositiveone,startwithafirmhandshake.(46)Wheneveryouhaveachoiceofseats,selectachairbesidehisorherdesk,asopposedtooneacrossfromit.(47)Thatwaytherearenobarriersbetweenthetwoofyouandtheeffectissome-whatlessconfrontational.6．47．V．書面表達(dá)(20分)現(xiàn)在不少家長(zhǎng)送孩子參與各種藝術(shù)班，對(duì)這種做法有人表達(dá)支持，有人表達(dá)不贊成。請(qǐng)以ShouldParentsSendTheirKidstoArtClasses．'?為題．談?wù)勛约旱囊娊馀c體會(huì)。注意：詞數(shù)不少于l20。V|．教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(20分)請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)教學(xué)過程，達(dá)成以下目的：(1)可以聽說讀寫red，blue，black，white，brown，green等顏色；(2)可以用顏色描述物品；(3)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語的能力。Ⅶ．教學(xué)案例分析(16分)【教學(xué)案例】某英語教師在教完一段對(duì)話后，規(guī)定學(xué)生按照其他學(xué)科中的分組合作，分角色表演對(duì)話，出現(xiàn)了這些情況：有個(gè)小組成員為了一個(gè)角色爭(zhēng)執(zhí)不休；一個(gè)小組成員覺得對(duì)話較難，誰也不樂意擔(dān)任較復(fù)雜的角色：有個(gè)小組能力弱的孩子被那些能力強(qiáng)的孩子擠得主線沒有張嘴的機(jī)會(huì)。(1)為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)學(xué)生不樂意合作或者沒有機(jī)會(huì)參與合作的情況?(2)如何解決這樣的問題?參考答案及解析1．單項(xiàng)選擇1．【答案】A。解析：考察介詞用法?！皐ith+名詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，可表達(dá)隨著。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣變得越來越糟。2．【答案】A。解析：考察名詞辨析。information表達(dá)“信息，資訊”；news表達(dá)“新聞”；words表達(dá)“單詞”；pictures表達(dá)“圖畫”。句意應(yīng)為“廣告可以給我們提供產(chǎn)品的信息，例如產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格和用途”。故選A。3．【答案】A。解析：考察動(dòng)詞短語辨析。carefor“關(guān)心，照顧”；applyfor“請(qǐng)求，申請(qǐng)”；sendfor“派人去請(qǐng)”；railfor“競(jìng)選”。句意：那位年輕的小姐只關(guān)注時(shí)尚，為此花了很多錢。A項(xiàng)符合句意。4．【答案】B。解析：考察非限制性定語從句。從句的主語與先行詞的關(guān)系，即price和vase是所有格關(guān)系，介詞后的關(guān)系代詞不可用that。故選B。5．【答案】D。解析：考察時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞用法。此句是由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，表達(dá)“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，相稱于“atthemomentwhen”，從句用一般過去式，主句就要相應(yīng)的變化為過去完畢時(shí)；began是個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)詞，不能和for連用，故應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。6．【答案】A。解析：考察虛擬語氣。句意：要不是你的幫助，我就不會(huì)提前完畢這項(xiàng)工作。If條件句可與butfor，without，otherwise，or等短語轉(zhuǎn)換，此旬可轉(zhuǎn)換為if非真實(shí)條件句“IfIhadn’thadyourhelp，Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime”。此句為對(duì)過去的虛擬，主句謂語動(dòng)詞用would／should／could／might+havedone，故選A。7．【答案】A。解析：考察英美概況知識(shí)。CounterCultureMovement“反正統(tǒng)文化運(yùn)動(dòng)”，是20世紀(jì)60年代美國青年們以自己獨(dú)特的方式來反對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化的價(jià)值觀念和道德觀念存在著某種傳承的運(yùn)動(dòng)；TheWomen’sMove-ment“女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)”，是20世紀(jì)六七十年代解放女性的思想，幫助她們獲得自由、取得普遍平等的社會(huì)地位的美國女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)；Anti-WarMovement“反戰(zhàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)”，是20世紀(jì)60年代美國國民對(duì)和平的渴求而發(fā)起的一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)；FreeSpeechMovement“言論自由運(yùn)動(dòng)”，是1964年的加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的伯克利言論自由運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A。8．【答案】C。解析：考察跨文化交際知識(shí)。根據(jù)句意，現(xiàn)在每年依舊有許多移民進(jìn)入美國，因此美國被稱為一個(gè)大熔爐，這反映的是全球化現(xiàn)象。故選C。macroeulture“宏觀文化”；microcuhure“微觀文化”：modernization“現(xiàn)代化”。9．【答案】A。解析：考察英美文學(xué)知識(shí)。18世紀(jì)英國文學(xué)新古典主義的代表作家是Pope。10．【答案】B。解析：考察英美文學(xué)知識(shí)。海明威l954年獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，他的寫作以簡(jiǎn)潔著稱。故選B。Ⅱ．完形填空11．【答案】B。解析：第一段開頭講了作者的工作是要支持一個(gè)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃，讓學(xué)生對(duì)他們自己感覺良好，并且負(fù)責(zé)他們的生活。因此，Donna加入的只能是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故答案為B。12．【答案】C。解析：check“檢查”；notice“看到，注意到”；watch“觀看，注視”；wait“等待”。Donna坐在教室后面是要觀測(cè)教室里發(fā)生的一切。故答案為C。13．【答案】A。解析：workon“致力于，忙于”；workwith“與……一起工作”；workas“從事，充當(dāng)”；workfor“為……而工作”。根據(jù)句意可知，學(xué)生正在忙于一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。故答案為A。14．【答案】D。解析：由于她的紙已經(jīng)寫滿一半了，并且沒有任何要停下來的跡象。只有D項(xiàng)符合句意。15．【答案】C。解析：由于上文中提到每個(gè)學(xué)生都在忙著完畢一個(gè)任務(wù)，可知，每一個(gè)人都在寫他們不會(huì)做的事情的句子。故答案為C。16．【答案】A。解析：這個(gè)活動(dòng)引起了作者的好奇心。故答案為A。17．【答案】C。解析：作者打算和老師一起去檢查進(jìn)行得怎么樣，但是卻發(fā)現(xiàn)她也在忙著寫東西。中間應(yīng)當(dāng)是轉(zhuǎn)折，故答案為C。18．【答案】B。解析：由于發(fā)現(xiàn)Donna正在忙著寫東西，所以作者認(rèn)為最佳不要打斷她。只有B項(xiàng)符合句意。19．【答案】D。解析：teach“教導(dǎo)，訓(xùn)練”；show“展示，說明”；force“逼迫”；instruct“指示，指導(dǎo)，命令”。根據(jù)句意。“指示”學(xué)生把紙帶到前面最符合。故答案選D。20．【答案】A。解析：大家都把自己的紙放進(jìn)了鞋盒里面，Donna也把自己的紙放進(jìn)了里面。A項(xiàng)最為貼切。21．【答案】C。解析：前文提到，Donna拿了一個(gè)鏟子，并且?guī)е瑢W(xué)去到了操場(chǎng)上最遠(yuǎn)的一個(gè)角落。后文提到了hole．因此可以推斷出他們是要在角落里挖個(gè)洞來埋紙條。故答案為C。22．【答案】B。解析：盒子只能是放在洞的底部，用bottom。故答案為B。23．【答案】A。解析：在念悼詞之前，應(yīng)當(dāng)是讓學(xué)生們低下自己的頭。drop是及物動(dòng)詞，后面可跟head，故答案選A。24．【答案】D。解析：keep“保持”；thank“感謝”；forgive“原諒”；honor“紀(jì)念”。根據(jù)語境可知，句子旨在表達(dá)“紀(jì)念”那些我們不能做的記憶。故答案為D。25．【答案】D。解析：Donna發(fā)起這個(gè)活動(dòng)的目的就是為了讓學(xué)生們戰(zhàn)勝“我不能”，讓“我能”、“我將要”代替“我不能”。故答案為D。26．【答案】C。解析：restinpeace“安息”。就讓那些“我不能”安息吧。故答案為C。27．【答案】D。解析：turndown“關(guān)小，拒絕”；turnup“出現(xiàn)，被找到”；turnoff'‘關(guān)閉，關(guān)掉”；turnaround“轉(zhuǎn)身”。句意為：他讓學(xué)生轉(zhuǎn)身并且回到教室。故答案為D。28．【答案】B。解析：他們慶祝了“我不能”的逝去。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)最符合。29．【答案】C。解析：根據(jù)下文的意思，可知是一些學(xué)生忘了當(dāng)時(shí)的活動(dòng)并且說了聲“我不能”。故答案為C。30．【答案】A。解析：simply“簡(jiǎn)樸地”；hardly“幾乎不”；seriously“認(rèn)真地”；angrily“氣憤地”。Donna只會(huì)是簡(jiǎn)樸地指向埋葬那些紙片的墓碑。故答案為A。Ⅲ．閱讀理解A31．【答案】C。解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“…somepeoplejustsitandwishtheydidn’thavethefeartomoveon．Thisisbecausetheyfailedafewtimesintheirlives．”可知選C。32．【答案】A。解析：詞義題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句講的都是takingrisks，此處的thisattitude指代的就是takingrisks，故選A。33．【答案】A。解析：推斷題。根據(jù)第四段的敘述，可知生活中處處充滿了冒險(xiǎn)。故選A。34．【答案】D。解析：主旨題。通讀全文，根據(jù)最后一段“Weneedtotakeriskssothatwecangainsomething．"可知“沒有冒險(xiǎn)，就沒有收獲”?？芍xD。B35．【答案】D。解析：推斷題。本題可以運(yùn)用排除法。A項(xiàng)就事論事，很明顯作者提及該事例的目的不是為了單純地介紹過去原始的醫(yī)療行為。文中沒有提及奴隸制度的殘酷，排除B項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)自身邏輯上存在漏洞，該事例最多只能說明奴隸對(duì)于華盛頓本人的作用，談不上在美國歷史上的作用。故選D，作者從別人不熟悉的故事人手，讓讀者看到一個(gè)“不同于歷史書中的華盛頓”。36．【答案】B。解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。B項(xiàng)就是第二段中“thefragilenatureofthecountry’sinfancy”的改寫。根據(jù)排除法，A項(xiàng)中添加的“widely”是錯(cuò)誤的，排除；C項(xiàng)將“歷史研究”曲解為“故意編造”，排除。D項(xiàng)偷換概念，將“moralcompromises”和“thecountry’sinfancy”改為了“pohficalcompromises”和“throughoutthehistory”。故選B。37．【答案】C。解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章的內(nèi)容來看，Jefferson知道奴隸制是錯(cuò)誤的，但是他又做出了compromise(妥協(xié))，從此而知，其對(duì)待奴隸制的態(tài)度是復(fù)雜的(complex)，所以C項(xiàng)對(duì)的。A項(xiàng)文章沒有提到。B、D項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文的曲解。38．【答案】B。解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。從最后一段“…afterobservingthebraveryoftheblacksoldiersduringtheRevo-lutionaryWar…”可以看出在目睹黑人士兵英勇作戰(zhàn)以后，華盛頓做出了釋放奴隸的決定，因此B為對(duì)的選項(xiàng)。C39．【答案】C。解析：根據(jù)文章第二段“Shehasfoundawayto‘cure’miceoftheirinbornfearofcatsbyin-fectingthemwithaparasite，reportedthesciencejourllalNature．”可知，Berkeley發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種通過讓老鼠感染寄生蟲來改變它們天生膽怯貓的方法。文章下面的內(nèi)容也都是圍繞這個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)來闡述的，故選C。40．【答案】A。解析：文章第一段指出老鼠即使沒有見過貓也是會(huì)膽怯的，可推斷出這是天生就刻在老鼠腦子里的一種行為。deeplyrooted“深深根植于”符合文章想要表達(dá)的意思，故選A。41．【答案】B。解析：寄生蟲會(huì)對(duì)未出生的小孩導(dǎo)致致命性的傷害，故A排除；文章只表白這種感染對(duì)老鼠的大腦有永久性的改變，并沒有提及人類，故C排除；寄生蟲對(duì)人類有危害，但是并不能說明對(duì)老鼠沒有危害，故D排除。文章最后一段指出，人們一旦受到細(xì)菌感染就希望吃抗生素來清除所有的感染并希望所有的癥狀都能消失，但是這種想法是錯(cuò)誤的，也可以推斷出B是對(duì)的的。42．【答案】D。解析：在整篇文章中，作者都是在客觀地?cái)⑹鯳endyIngram的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。Ⅳ．翻譯43．【參考答案】的確，假如解決得當(dāng)，你就能有幸獲得社會(huì)學(xué)家稱之為“光環(huán)效應(yīng)”帶來的種種好處。44．【參考答案】這就是說，要是在一開始關(guān)鍵的幾分鐘里你就給人留下好的印象，初遇者就也許認(rèn)為你做的一切都是好的。45．【參考答案】為了使第一次面試成功，一開始的握手要堅(jiān)定有力。46．【參考答案】要是可以選擇座位的話，要坐在面試者桌子的側(cè)面，而不要坐在正對(duì)面。47．【參考答案】這樣你們中間就沒有障礙了，并且在一定限度上起到減少對(duì)立的作用。V．書面表達(dá)【參考范文】ShouldParentsSendTheirKidstoArtClasses?Nowadays,manyparentsliketosendtheirkidstoartclasses.Asforthisphenomenon,differentpeopleholddifferentopinions.Inmyopinion,itispraiseworthyforparentstosendtheirkidsto