高中英語(yǔ)高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 二輪復(fù)習(xí) 高考英語(yǔ) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之分詞學(xué)案

分詞分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。高中英語(yǔ)中的分詞和初中英語(yǔ)中的分詞作用不一樣。所以稱其為ing分詞和ed分詞。目的是忘掉其時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)楦咧蟹衷~的根本區(qū)別在于主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)，即ing分詞表示主動(dòng)，ed分詞表示被動(dòng)。ThenewsisexcitingWewereexcitedtohearit.Heisaninterestingman.Interestedmemberswillmeetattwo.Takingadictionary,shebegantoprepareherlessons.Takenseparately,theproblemsarenotdifficulttosolve2.分詞的形式1)______________(主動(dòng))2)______________(被動(dòng))3)_______________(主動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)完成)Havingdonemyhomework,Iwentouttoplay.4)_______________(被動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)完成)Havingbeenaskedtocomeearly,theygotupatfiveo’clock.5)________________(被動(dòng)，一定指正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)形式)Thehousebeingbuiltnowwillbecompletednextweek.3.分詞的作用1)_____語(yǔ)*Thestoryisamusing. *Thecupisbroken.*Thedayissocharming. *Thedoorremainedlocked.2)_____語(yǔ)*Theyfoundthestoryamusing. *Theyfoundthecupbroken.*Hewasoftenseenworkinginthefields.*Oneoftheglasseswasfoundbroken.3)_____語(yǔ)*Theycameintotheroomlaughingandtalking.*Hecameintotheroomsupportedbyhisdaughter.4)_____語(yǔ) *Thisisanamusingstory.*Throwawaythisbrokencup.總結(jié)：-ing分詞和-ed分詞根本區(qū)別：________________________.4.分詞主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的區(qū)別與判斷1)分詞主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的區(qū)別：-ing為主動(dòng)分詞，表示其分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)見(jiàn)為主謂關(guān)系。*Ifeltmyheartbeatingquickly.-ed為被動(dòng)分詞，表示其分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。*DoyoulikethenovelwrittenbyJinYong?2)分詞主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的判斷:分詞主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的判斷取決于能否找到其邏輯主語(yǔ)。而分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)又和其作用有關(guān)：分詞作表語(yǔ)：其邏輯主語(yǔ)是___________。*Thestoryisexciting.分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：其邏輯主語(yǔ)是___________.*Weheardhersinginginthebedroom.*Thenecklacewasfoundstolen.分詞作狀語(yǔ)：其邏輯主語(yǔ)一定是__________。*Theboywentintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.分詞作定語(yǔ)：其邏輯主語(yǔ)是___________。*Themaninjuredintheaccidenthasbeensenttothehospital.*You’dbetterimproveyourspokenEnglish.5.分詞的作用和形式的關(guān)系1)表語(yǔ)：____________________2)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（賓補(bǔ)和主補(bǔ)）：___________________________3)狀語(yǔ)：_______________________________________4)定語(yǔ)_____________________(不能用__________________________)？Thebridgehavingbeenbuiltisagreatone.？Theworkhavingcompletedispriceless.6.ing分詞的完成形式(havedone,havebeendone)主要用在狀語(yǔ)中,表示這動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生:Havingbeentheremanytimes,heofferedtobeourguide.Havingfoundtheclues,theinspectorwasabletoidentifythesuspect.Ex.1. ___thefilmtwice,shedidn’twanttogowithus.a.Havingseen b.Seeing___manytimes,theboyneverbehavedbadlybeforeothersHavingtold b.Telling c.Havingbeentold3.___,thehousecan’tbeusednow.Repaired b.Havingbeenrepaired c.Beingrepaired4.__thework,theworkerswenthomehappily.Finishing b.Havingfinished5.___theboy’shandtightly,hecameoutoftherooma.Holding b.Havingheld c.Held注意:一.beingdone是進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)態(tài).比較:Thebridgebuiltisagreatone.Thebridgebeingbuiltnowwillbeagreatone.Ex.Thepowerstation_____afewyearsagohasgreatlybenefitedthelocalpeople.A.beingbuiltB.buildingC.builtD.tobebuilt二．分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)一定是句子主語(yǔ).Havingbeenwritten,_____theletterwaspostedatoncewepostedtheletteratoncewesighedwithareliefseveralspellingmistakeswerecorrected.三．帶有感情色彩的動(dòng)詞做分詞時(shí),如果它們修飾的名詞是物時(shí),則分詞的形式為-ing.Thenewswasverymoving.Itisverytiringtoclimbthehighmountain.但是如果這個(gè)名詞和人的心情有關(guān)時(shí),則有可能是-ing或-ed形式Hegavemeanexcitedlook.Movedtearsrandownhisface.Ex:gaveouta_______(frighten)cry.2.Icanseehis_______(disappoint)expression.3.Helookedatthegirlwith_______(charm)smile.四．表示`時(shí)間`,`條件`,`讓步`的連詞后面常常可以跟一個(gè)分詞.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Iwon’tgounlessinvited.Ican’tfinishtheworkontimethoughgivenenoughtime.Hewillfeelnervousifspeakingbeforesomanypeople.五．分詞的否定形式Not+分詞Notknowinghertelephonenumber,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.Nothavingdone/Nothavingbeendone六．seat,devote,dedicate,equip,dress,hide,locate,lose,occupy,etc.Bessiehasdedicatedherlifetocaringforothers.Sheisdedicatedtoherjob.Thisbookisdedicatedtothememoryofmygrandmother.Morningswerededicatedtoreadingandafternoonstowriting.Althoughitwasoff-season,thehotelwasfullyoccupied.Keepthebrainoccupied. a.Isawher______(seat)atthebackoftheroom. b.Isawher______(seat)anoldmanintothewheelchairwhenIpassedby. c.Everybody______(seat),thechairmanstartedthemeeting. d.______(seat)theaudience,thechairmanstartedthemeeting. beburiedin(致力于,專心于)，beabsorbedin,beconcernedwith/about(關(guān)心)，beconvincedof(相信)，bedressedin(穿著)，beequippedwith(配備了)，behidden(躲藏起來(lái))，belocated(位于)，belostin(陷入，迷路)，beoccupiedin/with(忙于)，beseated(就座),befacedwith(面對(duì))Ex.Allhertime______medicalresearch,thedoctorhasnotimeforherownlittledaughter.A.devotedtodoB.isdevotedtodoingC.devotingtodoingD.devotedtodoing七．懸垂式分詞主要形式有:generally(strictly)speakingjudgingfromtalkingofconsideringsupposingGenerallyspeaking,womenlivelongerthanmen.Judgingfromwhathesaid,hewasanhonestman.Consideringthathedidn’tstudy,hedidwellonthetext.Supposingthatthisisnottherightwaytothestation,whatshallwedo?七．獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1)Weather________(permit),we’llgooutforawalk.2)Homework________(finish),theboywentouttoplay.3)Theexam________(hold)tomorrow,Ican’tgotothecinematonight.4)Ourlessons________(結(jié)束了),wewenttoplayfootball.5)Hecameoutofthelibrary,________(胳膊夾著一本書(shū)).6)with＋n.＋…*Theyprete