高中英語(yǔ)名詞性從句講解課件(初學(xué))

語(yǔ)法—名詞性從句nounclause英語(yǔ)句子的種類簡(jiǎn)單句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)復(fù)合句(complexsentence)英語(yǔ)句子概論簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型（1）主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（連系動(dòng)詞）+表語(yǔ)Theweatherisverycold.（2）主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（vi.）Helaughed.（3）主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(vt.)+賓語(yǔ)Ilike

Chinesefood.（4）主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(vt.)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)Shetaught

them

physics.（5）主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(vt.)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.

并列句把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句用并列連詞連接起來(lái)。IturnedontheTV.MysisterandIwatchedit.

IturnedontheTVandmysisterandIwatchedit.

Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidn’tlikeit.并列句并列句常用并列連詞:

平行并列連詞:轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：因果并列連詞:選擇并列連詞:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norbut,however,while,yet,or,either…orfor,so復(fù)合句:主句+從句

名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome

定語(yǔ)從句

狀語(yǔ)從句3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica(賓語(yǔ)從句）名詞性從句---NounClauses(名詞性從句)SubjectClause(主語(yǔ)從句)AppositiveClause（同位語(yǔ)從句）ObjectClause（賓語(yǔ)從句）PredicativeClause（表語(yǔ)從句）名詞性從句在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞,在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。主語(yǔ)

{Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表語(yǔ)Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.

{賓語(yǔ)Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位語(yǔ)Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefact

thatheisateacher.Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句

名詞性從句的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)從句ObjectClauses

賓語(yǔ)從句

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)（簡(jiǎn)單句）主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句連詞從句主語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)

主句（復(fù)合句）句子做賓語(yǔ)就是賓語(yǔ)從句，跟在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語(yǔ)從句。ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞):從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語(yǔ)）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,ifwhen,where,how,why一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）

1.that1.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變而來(lái)時(shí)（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)閠hat在從句中不作任何成分，也沒(méi)有任何具體意思，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

2.賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當(dāng)that從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能??；（2）當(dāng)that從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句變來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，“是否”，不能省略。(1).Lilywantedtoknow___

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.(2).Let’ssee____

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.(3).Sheaskedme---------

shecouldborrowthesebooks.注意whether和if的使用區(qū)別:1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句

a.當(dāng)有ornot時(shí)就用whether,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay.b.介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不能用if.

IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.2.whether//ifif/whetherif/whetherif/whetherPracticetimeif/whether

1.Iaskedher____________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout_________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

5.Idon’tknow__________Ishouldgo.

if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_______togo.whether3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)變而來(lái)時(shí)，由疑問(wèn)詞（what,who,whom,which,whose

when,where,how,why等）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)橐蓡?wèn)詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略。Doyouknow-----hesaidjustnow?Idon’tremember-------wearrived.Iaskedhim------

Icouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellme-------wehavetosee.Doyouknow-------

timetheplaneleaves?whatwhenwherewho\whomwhatWethoughtit

strange

thatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.2.Hehasmadeit

clear

thathewillnotgivein.注意：

it常可以放在動(dòng)詞think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作為形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)-that從句則放在句尾.*________________________(我們覺(jué)得很奇怪)shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.Wethinkit

strange

thatSubjectClauses

主語(yǔ)從句ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞):從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語(yǔ)）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,when,where,how,why1.————————————iscertain.（我們將遲到了）2.________________________isknowntoall.(地球是圓的)3.________________________isapity(你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次機(jī)會(huì))

ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance二whether是否，表不確定的事情.引導(dǎo)詞Thatweshallbelate————————hurtshimsomuch.（她離開(kāi)他）一.that

_---只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)成分，但不能省略。沒(méi)有意義

。1).Thatshelefthim__________________________isnoteasytosay(他是否會(huì)來(lái)這）2)Whetherhewillcomehere(Ifhewillcomehere...)×3)_____________ismorepractice.(我們所需要的）what在從句中作主語(yǔ)。4）————————————————isunderdiscussion.When在從句中作狀語(yǔ)WhatweneedWhenwewillbeginthemeeting“if”不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句三。其他疑問(wèn)詞

注意一:主語(yǔ)從句后置!為了避免主語(yǔ)冗長(zhǎng),句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句放在后面作真正的主語(yǔ).Thatweshallbelateiscertain.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--

Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型:

Itis+adj/nthat……(strange/apity…)Itis+v–edthat…..(…said/reported….由連詞whether,連接代詞what,who,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how等引導(dǎo),也常常后置:Whowilldoit____beendecided(have/has)Whatheneeds__thatbook.Whatheneeds__somebooks.√isare注意三：What與that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,如主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),而that則不然,它在句子中只起連接作用。.(1)_____yousaidyesterdayisright.(2)_____sheisstillaliveisapuzzleWhatThat注意：主語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)注意二What引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，可根據(jù)表語(yǔ)決定PredicativeClauses

表語(yǔ)從句從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語(yǔ)）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,asif/asthoughwhen,where,how,why.because表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句,放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句”。可以接表語(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,seem表語(yǔ)從句Thequestionis_____wecanrelyon

him.That’s_____wewereinneedofmoneyat

thattime.Helooked____hewasgoingtocry.That’s_____Iwaslate.whetherbecauseasifwhy注意：在表語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否”時(shí)，只能用“whether”不能用“if”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….找出各句中的從句并指出是何種從句。1.Idon'tknowifIcandoit.2.Whatheisdoingseemsverydifficult.3.Theimportantthingishowwecanimproveourstudies.4.MrLialwaysthinksofhowhecandomoreforthepeople.5.Thenewsthatshewaspretendingtobesickwaswhisperedfromonetoanother.主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句6.That'swhatyouaregoingtodofirst.7.It'llbedecidedattheclassmeetingwhoistobethemonitorofourclass.8.Whenthesportsmeetistobeheldisstillunderdiscussion.9.Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid.10.HegavemethenewsthatsomeAmericanswillvisitourschooltomorrow.主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句appositiveClauses

同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句

1.跟在某些名詞后面，對(duì)該名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明。常用名詞有belief,fact,idea,hope,news,doubt,result,thought,information,opinion等。Suggestion,suggestorderdemandwish等2.常用連詞：that;when,where,why,howe.g.1.消息傳來(lái)，拿破侖要來(lái)視察他的軍隊(duì)。

WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcomeandinspecthisgrandarmy.

It’sthequestionhowhedidit.3同位語(yǔ)從句多用that引導(dǎo)，無(wú)意義，不可省。2.問(wèn)題是他如何做這件事的4.在havenoidea之后用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpected.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句3.連詞that在同位語(yǔ)從句中不可省略,而在定語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)它充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句：1.引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)的連詞that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定語(yǔ)從句中，that充當(dāng)?shù)目梢允菑木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等2.同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞的內(nèi)容的具體說(shuō)明，而定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞進(jìn)行修飾，解釋為“….的”3.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.1.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.

2.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句

判斷:定語(yǔ)從句or同位語(yǔ)從句1.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.

2.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.3.ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.4.Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue.5.Thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone.(定語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)注意1：that/what的辨用1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacheris

saying.4.Hetoldus______hefeltill.5.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

6.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

7.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.8.Thefact______sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

WhatThatwhatwhatwhat（that）（that）thatRules1.that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用2.what除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、或表語(yǔ)。Practicetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.3.___________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.4.Ithasn'tbeendecided____________weshallattendthemeeting.5.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

__________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togoortostayathome.

whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if1.Thesuggestion(that)shehasputforwardisverygood.

2.Thesuggestionthatwecleantheclassroombyturnsisverygood.判斷：名詞性從句\定語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句101.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Thatis_____Ihadafewdaysoff.--Theprojectwasturndown.---Isthat________welackmoney?3.Tomdidn’tgotoschooltoday.Thereasonwas______hefellill.用that\why\because填空thatwhybecause201.Idoubt____________hecanspeakEnglish.2.Idon’tdoubt____________hecanspeakEnglish.whether/ifthat10Correctornot?*Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven’tbeenknownyet.…………….beheldhasn’tbeenknownyet.×Payattention:主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式

10判斷：名詞性從句\定語(yǔ)從句1.Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.2.ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek.名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句101.Thequestionis________thefilmisworthseeing.2.________weshallattendthemeetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.用whether\if填空whetherWhether10Translatethesentence*_______________________________(他們很需要幫助)isquiteclear.Thattheyarebadlyinneedofhelp20

×Correctornot?Payattention:在此賓語(yǔ)從句中，it

充當(dāng)形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為that從句Ithinkitworthwhilethat………………..*Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.101.Thenews_______wewonthecompetitionisv