初中語法現(xiàn)在完成時

Welcometoourclass現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)

presentperfect時態(tài)（tense）不同時間發(fā)生的動作，動詞要用不同形式。已學(xué)習(xí)過的時態(tài)已學(xué)習(xí)過的時態(tài)名稱時間動動詞形式一般現(xiàn)在時平時，經(jīng)常1.v原形2.v+s/es（三單現(xiàn)）一般過去時過去（與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)）am/is/are+v-ing一般將來時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時即將，計劃正在進(jìn)行1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/aregoingto+v原形過去進(jìn)行時過去某一時間，在進(jìn)行1.v-ed（規(guī)則動詞）2.不規(guī)則動詞現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還持續(xù)s/were+v-in1.v.2.v+s/es（三單現(xiàn)）

am/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v.2.am/is/aregoingto+v.1.v-ed（規(guī)則動詞）2.不規(guī)則動詞was/were+v-inghave/hasbeenv-ing判斷下列句子的時態(tài)1.Sheworksinafactory.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.5.Areyouhelpingyourmother？6.Ihavebeensittinghereforanhour.一般現(xiàn)在時過去進(jìn)行時一般將來時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語連用。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與for或since引起的一段時間狀語連用。動詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2004IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2004/threeyearsago.nowpast現(xiàn)在完成時動詞構(gòu)成

have/has+v過去分詞

助動詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問Haveyou…?Hashe…?翻譯.(English===>Chinese)finish,homeworkIhavefinishedmyhomework.Hehas

finishedhishomework.haven’tHasheYes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.1.翻譯這兩句話；2.第一句變成否定句；3.第二句變成一般疑問句并回答。？have(has)been和have(has)gone的區(qū)別Wherehashebeen?Wherehashegone?have(has)been:表示曾經(jīng)到過某地，人現(xiàn)在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已經(jīng)去了某地，人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地了。翻譯：他去哪兒的？（他已經(jīng)回來了）他去哪兒了？（他不在這里）練：ShehasbeentoShanghai.ShehasgonetoShanghai.她成為一名護(hù)士已經(jīng)三年了。我五年前就認(rèn)識李雷了。那些相片我已經(jīng)寄給他了。（post）我來到這個學(xué)校后，他就一直教我。我剛丟了我的歷史書。Shehasbeenanurseforthreeyears.IhaveknownLileisincefiveyearsago.Ihavealreadypostedthephotostohim.HehastaughtmesinceIcametotheschool.Ihavejustlostmyhistorybook.know,knew,knownteach,taught,taughtlose,lost,lostChinese==>EnglishPayattention注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時句中常見的時間狀語A.表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過去時間

(1).for+表示一段時間的短語(2).since+表示過去時間點的詞語(3).since+表示過去時間的時間狀語從句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.forsincesince

B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never

有此類副詞時,常強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù).

eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.

Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.everjustalreadyyet2.區(qū)分短暫性動詞與持續(xù)性動詞.表示短暫性(瞬間性)的動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時的句中不能和一段時間連用.短暫性的動詞如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成時態(tài)中不能與for,since短語或Howlong等引起的時間狀語連用。Ihavebought

thispenfortwomonths.Ihavehadthispenfortwomonths.Howlonghaveyou_____thispen.hadTheteacherhasleft.Theteacherhasbeenawayforhalfanhour.(beaway)改錯Howlonghaveyoubecomealeaguemember？Formorethanoneyear.Haveyouarrivedheresincelastnight?Yes，you’reright.HehasgonetoShanghaitwice.Howlonghavebeenatthisschool?Sincetwoyears.beenbeenbeenagoFor改寫句子Homework：改寫句子1.Myfathercamebackfromthebookshopjustnow.Myfather______just______________thebookshop.2.HebegantolearnChinesein2001.He____________Chinesesince2001.3.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_________________sincetwominutesago.4.Hehashadthemotorbikefortwoyears.It’stwoyears______he________themotorbike.He________themotorbiketwoyears______.Tw