文件寫(xiě)作高級(jí)第二課時(shí)

第二課時(shí)文件寫(xiě)作（高級(jí)）ReviewWhatisadraftresolution?WritingFormat?Sponsors/SignatoriesContents決議草案的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)

字詞（Words）、句（Sentence）、段（Paragraphs）怎樣寫(xiě)一份出色的決議草案1.WordsP154wordlist肯定與同意：Accept,Approve,Agree,Affirm,Reaffirm,Confirm支持與贊賞：Welcome,Support,Congratulate,Endorse,Expressitsappreciation關(guān)注與強(qiáng)調(diào)：Emphasize,Note,Expressitsconcern,Stresstheimportance,Drawtheattention,Takenoteof遺憾與譴責(zé)：Regret,Condemn,Deplore觀點(diǎn)與建議:Think,Believe,Trust,Suggest,Encourage,Expressitshope,Recommend,Callupon命令與要求：Request,Demand,Decide,Urge,OrderVerbA.DecideB.SuggestC.DemandD.UrgeE.EmphasizeF.EncourageG.CondemnH.AffirmExplanation1.Toadvocateordemandearnestlyorpressingly2.Todeclaresth.tobewrongorevilwithblame3.Toaskforanactionespeciallywithauthority4.Tomakeafinalchoiceorjudgment5.Toinspirewithspiritandhope6.Tostatepositivelyoragreewithsth.7.Toproposeaplanorseektoinfluence8.Tostresstheimportanceofsth.GBDAFHCE決議草案動(dòng)詞的選用練習(xí)（1）1._______article2oftheCharteroftheUnitedNationsthattheUnitedNationsisbasedontheprincipleofthesovereignequalityofallitsmembersA.RecallsB.RecallingC.DecidesD.Deciding2.________allstatestofindwaysofincreasingtheexchangeofinformation,especiallyactionsormovementsofterroristpersonsornetworksA.CondemnsB.RegretsC.CallsuponD.Emphasizes

6決議草案動(dòng)詞的選用練習(xí)（2）√√3.______thegovernmentofAfghanistantostopprovidingweaponsforanyterroristgroup A.EncouragesB.UrgesC.RegretsD.Recognizes4.______toestablishaCommitteeoftheSecurityCouncil,consistingofallthemembersoftheCouncil,tomonitortheimplementationofthisresolution A.DecidesB.UrgesC.AffirmsD.Demands7決議草案動(dòng)詞的選用練習(xí)（2）√√進(jìn)一步要求；完全相信；深感遺憾；強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)；鄭重聲明StronglyFurtherFullyDeeplySolemnlycondemnsrequestsaffirmsawaredconcerned動(dòng)詞選用練習(xí)（3）連連看：嘗試用副詞加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣2.Sentence錯(cuò)誤1：DPRKshouldnotconductanyfurthernucleartestorlaunchofaballisticmissile.錯(cuò)誤2：TheSecurityCouncildemandsthatDPRKshouldnotconductanyfurthernucleartestorlaunchofaballisticmissile.錯(cuò)誤3：DemandsthatDPRKnotconductanyfurthernucleartest,andDPRKshouldnotconductanyfurtherlaunchofaballisticmissile.用決議草案行動(dòng)性條款的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)：——要求朝鮮不再進(jìn)行任何核試驗(yàn)或發(fā)射彈道導(dǎo)彈正確：DemandsthattheDPRKnotconductanyfurthernucleartestorlaunchofaballisticmissile.決議草案的句式特點(diǎn)11請(qǐng)將右邊的工作文件的語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換為決議草案行動(dòng)性條款的語(yǔ)言

WorkingPaperUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilNuclearIssueinIranSponsors:TheUnitedStates,TheUnitedKingdomTheUnitedStatesandTheUnitedKingdomthinktheinternationalcommunityshouldcondemnIranforitsnucleartest.TheUnitedStatesandTheUnitedKingdomsuggesttheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil(should)demandIrantogiveupallitsnuclearfacilities.IranshouldfullycooperateIAEAfortheinspection決議草案的句式特點(diǎn)體會(huì)決議草案的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)Condemns

Iranforitsrecentnucleartest;Demands

thatIrangiveupallitsnuclearfacilities;UrgesIrantocooperatewithIAEAfortheinspection;決議草案的實(shí)際內(nèi)容要比以上條款更加復(fù)雜，但決議草案的句型大致相似：

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式+

名詞結(jié)構(gòu)（theestablishmentof….）

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式+由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式+

國(guó)家+

todo(動(dòng)詞不定式)注意：動(dòng)詞前或動(dòng)詞后可加表示語(yǔ)氣的副詞，如：furtherdemands,demandsfurther決議草案的句式特點(diǎn)3.Paragragh&Context“一個(gè)句子原則”：一篇決議草案實(shí)際上是一個(gè)完整的長(zhǎng)句

委員會(huì)名稱——句子主語(yǔ)（TheSecurityCouncil）

序言性條款——句子狀語(yǔ)（Recalling…../Deeplyconcerned…..）

行動(dòng)性條款——句子謂語(yǔ)（Urges…...)注：標(biāo)點(diǎn)P150句型轉(zhuǎn)換AccordingtotheUNCharterI,RussianFederationshouldstopthemilitaryinvolvementinUkraineimmediately.TheSecurityCouncil,RecallingtheUNCharterI,UrgesRussianFederationtostopthemilitaryinvolvementinUkraineimmediately.Consideringthatclimatechangecontributestoenvironmentaldegradationandtotheincreaseintheintensityandfrequencyofextremeweatherevents,MemberStatesshouldimprovetheirresponsetoearlywarninginformationinordertoensurethatearlywarningleadstoearlyaction,andinthisregardallstakeholdersshouldsupporttheeffortsofMemberStates.句型轉(zhuǎn)換TheGeneralAssemblySecondCommittee,Recognizing

thatclimatechange

contributestoenvironmentaldegradationandtotheincreaseintheintensityandfrequencyofextremeweathereventsUrges

MemberStatestoimprovetheirresponsetoearlywarninginformationinordertoensurethatearlywarningleadstoearlyaction;

EncouragesallstakeholderstosupporttheeffortsofMemberStates.分點(diǎn)陳述當(dāng)一個(gè)條款中需要表達(dá)多層含義時(shí)，使用(a),(b),(c)…以及(i),(ii),(iii)…進(jìn)行分層（教材P151）分句句型語(yǔ)法一致，具體形式根據(jù)主干句結(jié)構(gòu)而變化4.何為一份優(yōu)秀的決議草案內(nèi)容序言性條款：引用充分且詳實(shí)、有理有據(jù)行動(dòng)性條款：方案具體、明確、具有可行性要關(guān)注議題中的主要爭(zhēng)端或矛盾，且提供解決方案不要超越委員會(huì)的職權(quán)范圍（只有SC具有binding功能）在不同國(guó)家利益之間尋找平衡點(diǎn)與基本共識(shí)語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)義明確、清晰、無(wú)歧義語(yǔ)言有邏輯性，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)不要過(guò)于復(fù)雜格式嚴(yán)格按照范例的格式進(jìn)行調(diào)整Amendment教材P152-153（包括friendly,unfriendly兩類(lèi)）Amendment用詞AddReplaceDeleteInsertinbetween此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞均需要以動(dòng)詞原形形式出現(xiàn)ImportanceofAmendment高效率高效力高智商在時(shí)間緊迫時(shí)推薦寫(xiě)修正案Reflection正式辯論非正式辯論1.會(huì)議初始，代表要確立國(guó)際立場(chǎng)2.國(guó)家集團(tuán)建立后，代表觀點(diǎn)漸變?yōu)榧瘓F(tuán)觀點(diǎn)3.各國(guó)代表開(kāi)始以工作文件為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行討論4.代表們開(kāi)始通過(guò)發(fā)言盡力擴(kuò)大本聯(lián)盟能力，傳播思想5.各國(guó)代表就決議草案發(fā)表看法1.幾個(gè)國(guó)家進(jìn)行發(fā)言之后，需要通過(guò)磋商建立國(guó)家集團(tuán)2.代表們開(kāi)始起草工作文件（workingpaper）3.通過(guò)磋商，各國(guó)代表