新教材2021-2022學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)檢測(cè)UNIT1（一）ReadingandThinkingWord版含解析

課下題型練L)ReadingandThinkingI.閱讀理解ADoyousupposeDarwin,oneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,reallydidfoolishexperiments?Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?Sometimes,peoplethinktheyalreadyknow(heanswertoaquestionorthesolutiontoaproblem.Sometimes,theyreallydoknowananswerorasolution,butwithoutthinkingtheyareimportant.CharlesDarwindidn'tsettlefor(滿足于)justthinkingheknewsomething.Andhebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.Supposeyoudropsheetsofpaperthatareofexactlythesamesizeandshape.Ifyoudropthematthesametimeinthesameplace,theywillfallinthesameway.Nowmakeoneofthesheetsofpaperintoatightlittlebaitandletitdropalongwiththeothersheets.Whathappens?Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumightthinkitcouldn'tbeworthanything.Butthissimpleexperimentisimportant.Itexplainspartofourpresent-dayunderstandingsofphysicsthatwereworkedoutlongagobyGalileoandNewton.AndtheseunderstandingssetasidesomeofancientGreekphysics.Scientistssometimesstoptolookatverysimplethingsandtothinkveryhardaboutthem.Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkisfoolish,canshakethefoundationsofscience.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。最簡(jiǎn)單的事情都可能動(dòng)搖科學(xué)的根基，我們要留意身邊的每一件事，哪怕它非常簡(jiǎn)單。ThepassagetellsusthatCharlesDarwin.wasagreatEnglishscientistalwayslikeddoingtheexperimentsthatothersthoughtdifficultthoughteventhesimplestthingwasimportantD.didn'tgetonwellwithothers解析：選C推理判斷題。短文并沒(méi)有說(shuō)CharlesDarwin是哪個(gè)國(guó)家的科學(xué)家，可排除A項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第一、二段可知?jiǎng)e人認(rèn)為Darwin的許多實(shí)驗(yàn)太簡(jiǎn)單不值得做，可排除B項(xiàng)；文中沒(méi)有論述Darwin與別人相處的事情，可排除D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第三段中的hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe可推出答案為CoTheunderlinedphrase“setaside"mostprobablymeansA.throwawayB.storeupC.puttouseD.realize解析：選A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文可知作者認(rèn)為做這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)臉是重要的，它解釋了目前人們對(duì)于物理方面的部分理解。因此這些理解當(dāng)然是推翻了一些希臘古典物理學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)。由此可推知setaside與throwaway同義。Theauthorofthepassagetriesto.convinceusthatCharlesDarwin,GalileoandNewtonarethegreatestscientistsintheworldB.drawtheconclusionthatbasicsciencesaresimplethingsprovethattwosheetsofpaper,withthesamesizeandshape,willfallatthesamespeeddrawourattentiontoeverydayhappeningsaroundus解析：選D主旨大意題。文章的最后一段點(diǎn)明最簡(jiǎn)單的事情都可能動(dòng)搖科學(xué)的根基，意在告訴我們要留意身邊的每一件事，哪怕它非常簡(jiǎn)單。WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Darwinreallydidfoolishexperiments.B.Accordingtosomepeople,Darwindidfoolishexperiments.C.Itisbelievedbyallthepeoplethatthingscouldbeimportantthoughtheyseemedtobesimple.D.GalileoandNewtonworkedoutancientGreekphysics.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?明確告訴我們，有些人認(rèn)為Darwin做了愚蠢的實(shí)驗(yàn)。BWhatisahero?Wemaythinkofthefictionalcharacterswithsupernaturalpowersorgreatpeoplewhocaninfluenceworldevents.Now,asthenationcontinuesitsall-outeffortstofightagainstthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia（COVID-19新型冠狀病毒肺炎），medicalstaffhavebecomeheroesintheeyesofthepublic.AsofFebruary19,atotalof32,000medicalstaffoutsideHubeiprovincehavebeenworkingtotreatpatientsaround（hecenteroftheoutbreak.ZhangDingyu,thepresidentofWuhanJinyintanHospital,isoneoftheseheroes.SincethehospitalreceivedthefirstsevenpatientsinDecember,Zhanghasbeensobusythathebarelygetsanysleep.Evensufferingfromamyotrophiclateralsclerosis（肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化），the56-year-olddoctorisdoinghisbesttoquickenhispacetosaveprecioustimeforinfectedpatients."Ihavetorun,racingagainsttimetosavemorepatientsfromthedeadlydisease,becauseIdon'thavemuchtimeleftinmylife,“ZhangtoldXinhitaNewsAgency.Withthedutyofsavinglives,manymedicalprofessionalslikeZhanghavebeenworkinglonghoursfordays,despitetheirfearandworries.LuJingjingfromWuhanChildren'sHospitalalsoworksatatemporarymobilehospital.Shedoesnotletherparentsknowthatsheisnowworkingwithnovel-coronavirus-infectedpatients.Whenherparentsaskforavideochat,Lusayssheisworkingandletsherhusbandandchildrenchatwiththeminstead.“It'sdangerousbutweshouldwinthebattlewiththevirusassoonaspossible,sothatmedicalstaffandpatientscangobackhome,“shetoldChinaDaily,USwriterKhalilGibran（1883—1931）oncewrote,“Tendernessandkindnessarcnotsignsofweaknessanddespair,butthemanifestationsofstrengthandresolution."Ifstrueforthemedicalworkers.Everyonehasfear,especiallywhenitcomestodeadlydiseases.Butformedicalstaff,savinglivescomesfirstandisenoughforthemtobebraveandstayonthefront.Theymaylooklikeordinarypeopleindailylife,butintheseextraordinarytimes,theyareheroes.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章贊揚(yáng)了醫(yī)務(wù)人員在武漢為抗擊新型電狀病毒肺炎所做出的努力。Whatistheauthor*smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?

A.Toexplainwhatmakesamodern-dayhero.B.TopraisemedicalstafffortheireffortstofighttheNCP.TodescribewhatmeasuresChinahastakentodealwiththevirus.ToshowthedifficultiesfacedbymedicalstafftreatingNCPpatients.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段中的Now,asthenationcontinuesitsall-outeffortstofightagainstthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia（COVID-19新型冠狀病毒肺炎），medicalstaff,havebecomeheroesintheeyesofthepublic.可知，現(xiàn)在，隨著國(guó)家繼續(xù)全力抗擊新型鋁狀病毒肺炎，醫(yī)務(wù)人員已經(jīng)成為公眾眼中的英雄，由此可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是贊揚(yáng)醫(yī)務(wù)人員為抗擊新型冠狀病毒肺炎所做出的努力，故B項(xiàng)正確。WhatdowelearnfromZhangDingyu*swords?Hisillnesshasturnedhimintoanimpatientman.Hisillnessmakeshimworkwithoutfear.Hefeelssorryforhimselfbecauseofhisillness.Hewantstohelpasmanypatientsaspossible.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ihavetonin,racingagainsttimetosavemorepatientsfromthedeadlydisease,becauseIdon'thavemuchtimeleftinmylife,99ZhangtoldXinhuaNewsAgency.'^^r張定宇的話表明他想幫助（治療）盡可能多的病人，故D項(xiàng)正確。Whydoesn'tLuJingjinganswerherparents'videocalls?Sheistoobusyandhasnotimeforvideochats.Shedoesn'twantherparentstoworryabouther.It*snotallowedtomakeavideocallfromthehospital.D.ThereisnoWiFisignalatthetemporarymobilehospital.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，她不接父母的視頻電話是怕父母為自己擔(dān)心，故B項(xiàng)正確。Theunderlinedword“manifestations“inthesecond-to-lastparagraphprobablymeansA.resultsB.differencesC.indicationsC.indicationsC.indicationsD.advantagesC.indicationsD.advantages解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前的Tendernessandkindnessarenotsignsofweaknessanddespair可知，溫柔和善良不是軟弱和絕望的表現(xiàn)，此處是說(shuō)它們是力量和決心的表現(xiàn)，由此可知畫(huà)線詞詞義與signs相近，意思為“標(biāo)志；表現(xiàn)”，故C項(xiàng)正確。CYoumightthinkthat“globalwarming“meansnothingmorethanariseintheworld*stemperature.Butrisingsealevelscausedbyithaveresultedinthefirstevacuation（撤離）ofanislandnation—thecitizensofTuvaluwillhavetoleavetheirhomeland.Duringthe20thcentury,thesealevelrose8-12inches.Asaresult,Tuvaluhasexperiencedlowlandfloodingofsaltwaterthathaspollutedthecountry'sdrinkingwater.PaaniLaupepa,aTuvaluangovernmentofficial,reportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationhassufferedanunusuallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredestructivestorms.LaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocol,aninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions（導(dǎo)致溫室效應(yīng)的氣體排放），whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.MByrefusingtosigntheagreement,theUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluanstolivewheretheirforefathershavelivedforthousandsofyears.^^LaupepatoldtheBBC.TuvaluhasaskedAustraliaandNewZealandtoallowthegradualmoveofitspeopletobothcountries.Tuvaluisnottheonlycountrythatisvulnerable（易受影響的）torisingsealevels.MaumoonGayoon,presidentoftheMaldives,toldtheUnitedNationsthatglobalwarminghasmadehiscountryof311,000an"endangerednation".語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了全球變暖對(duì)于某些島國(guó)，特別是對(duì)Tiivalu造成的惡劣影響。Accordingtoscientists,thedirectcauseofmoreandmorefiercestormsis.greenhousegasemissionsinindustrializednationshighersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseacontinuousglobalwarmingrisingsealevels解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredestructivestorms.可判斷出造成嚴(yán)重暴風(fēng)雨的直接原因是海洋表面水溫太高。LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionssignanagreementwithTuvaluallowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSbelievetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段第一句話表示Laupepa對(duì)美國(guó)不滿意的原因是美國(guó)拒絕簽署號(hào)召工業(yè)化國(guó)家減少溫室效應(yīng)氣體排放的國(guó)際性公約——《京都議定書(shū)》。ThecountrywhosesituationissimilartothatofTuvaluis.A.AustraliaB.NewZealandC.theMaldivesD.theUnitedStates解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可判斷出theMaldives與Tuvalu的情況相似。Thetextismainlyabout.rapidchangesinearth'stemperaturebadeffectsof,globalwarmingmovingofacountrytoanewplacereasonsforlowlandflooding解析：選B主旨大意題。文章主要講述了全球變暖造成的惡劣影響，故答案選B。II.閱讀七選五Weeatinourcars,atourdesks,onthego,andinfrontoftheTV.Weeattake-out,packagedandpreparedmeals.Why?Becauseitfitsournot-enough-tinie-in-the-daylifestyles.1Well,I'mcertainlynotthefirstonetothinkitorsayit,butweallneedtoslowdown.Consumertrendsaroundtheglobeshowthatoverthepastthreedecadespeoplearepurchasingmorepreparedfoodsatgroceriesandeatingoutmorethaneverbefore.It,spredictedthatwe'llspendmoreatrestaurantsinthecoiningyears.2However,we*regettinglesshealthy.Whiledebatescanbeseenindifferentmediaoverthefoodindustry'scontributiontoourgrowingwaistlinesandourhealthproblems,thebottomlineisthis：3Wecanchoosetoeatafast-foodlunchonthego.WecanthrowafrozenmealinthemicrowaveandcallitdinnerWecaneatwithoutthinking,infrontofthetube,atourcomputers,andwhiledrivingacar.4Studieshaveshownmeaningfullinksbetweenfamilymealsandkids'mentalandphysicalwell-being.Eatingsensiblydoesn'ttakemuchtimeormoney,butitdoesrequireyoutomakeaconsciousdecisiontodoso.Wrappedupinendlesswork,appointmentsandsocialactivities,weoftenfailtoenjoyarelaxingmealwithourfamilies.Whileitcanbeachallengetoalwaysputhealthyeatingfirst,justdoyourbest.Rememberthatthefoodyou