中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之被動語態(tài) 學(xué)案

被動語態(tài)一、語態(tài)：英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.謂語：speak的動作是由主語manypeople來執(zhí)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)以do為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般現(xiàn)在時：am／is／are＋done一般過去時：was／were＋done一般將來時：will／shallbe＋done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am／is／arebeing＋done過去進(jìn)行時：was/werebeing＋done現(xiàn)在完成時：have／hasbeen＋done過去完成時：hadbeen+done三、被動語態(tài)的考點(diǎn)主動變被動：朱彬互換位置，根據(jù)謂語動詞的時態(tài)以及主語單復(fù)數(shù)，選擇合適的be動詞+done，后面加上by的短語被動后面動詞的形式bedone+todo判斷謂語動詞的形式步驟：①看時間狀語或者其他謂語動詞的形式，判斷時態(tài)②判斷是主動還是被動（不及物動詞只有主動）③看主語，判斷謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的區(qū)分四、例題講解1.Inthelastfewyears,China___greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.A.hasmadeB.hadmade C.wasmaking D.ismaking2..Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement______sofarbythetwosides.A.hasbeenreached B.wasreachedC.willreach D.willhavereached3.—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I____himlater.A.willcallB.havecalledC.callDwillbecalling4..Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe______aclassatthattime.A.willteach B.wouldteach C.hastaught D.willbeteaching5.Tomydelight,I fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.A.waschosen B.wasbeingchosenC.wouldchooseD.hadchosen6.MoreexpresswaysinSichuansoontopromotethelocaleconomy.A.arebeingbuilt B.willbebuilt C.havebeenbuilt D.hadbeenbuilt7.JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealisedI______mybankinthecafe.A.haveleft B.hadleft Cwouldleave D.wasleaving8.Iwasn'tabletohidemyeagernesswhenI________,"Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?"A.ask B.haveasked C.amasking D.asked9.That'swhyIhelpbrightenpeople'sdays.Ifyou________，who'stosaythatanotherpersonwill?A.didn't B.don'tC．weren't D．haven't10.Itisreportedthataspacestation______onthemooninyearstocome.A.willbebuilding B.willbebuilt C.hasbeenbuildingD.hasbeenbuilt五、練習(xí)（主動和被動）1.Thewaytheguests_______inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice.A.treatedB.weretreatedC.wouldtreatD.wouldbetreated2.The24thWinterOlympicGames__________inChinain2022．（）A．hold B．isheld C．willbeheld D．willhold3.People_______muchplastic（塑料的）rubbishintotheseaandpollutedtheseaenvironment.Butnow，withthehelpofthegovernment，thingsbecomebetter.（）A．a(chǎn)reusedtothrow B．a(chǎn)reusedtothrowing C．usedtobethrown D．usedtothrow4.HarukiMurakami____tonsofgreatbooksinthepast20years.A.writes B.haswritten C.wrote D.waswriting5.Lastyear,anumberofdoctors____abroadtoprovidehelpinthecountriesthatwerehavingahardtimefightingagainsttheCovid-19.A.send B.sent C.aresent D.weresent6.I_______toyouassoonasIgetthere.A.willwrite B.wrote C.write D.havewritten7.AnotherbridgeovertheJialingRiver________lastyear.A．builds B．built C．isbuilt D．wasbuilt8.WhenIwasyoung,I________bymygrandparents.A．lookafter B．lookedafter C．a(chǎn)mlookedafter D．waslookedafter9.Nextweek,eachstudentintheclass____asmal