新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)B1-Unit3MoreThan Words(my PPT)

MorethanWordsCommunicationWithoutWordsThedefinitionofnonverbalcommunicationverbalcommunicationCommunication

nonverbalcommunication

spokenwordsthesilentlanguageThedefinitionofnonverbalcommunicationsilentlanguagebodylanguageNonverbalcommunicationisbehavior,otherthanspokenorwrittencommunication,thatcreatesorrepresentsmeaning.Nonverbalcommunicationincludesfacialexpressions,bodymovements,andgestures.Nonverbalcommunicationistalkingwithoutspeakingaword.TheimportanceofnonverbalcommunicationMorethan55%messagesarecommunicatednonverbally!TheelementsofnonverbalcommunicationNonverbalCommunicationSpacekeepingEyecontactFacialexpressionsGesturesBodymovementSomeofthenonverbalcommunicationformsSmileHappiness1Theringgesture

It

means

zero.

234

It

means

money

or

coins.

It’sasignalthatyouareinsultingpeople.InEnglishcountriesInFranceInBrazil

In

Japan/SouthKorea

Itmean“Ok”,“fine”or“yes”.Iamfull.InAmericaEyecontact

Whenpeoplemeet:ShakehandsWhenpeoplemeet:InJapanbowWhenpeoplemeet:InThailandWai

Whenpeoplemeet:InRussia,FranceandArabcountriesPersonalspaceIntheUnitedStatesInArabBodylanguageisveryimportantinourdailylife,anditmayvaryfromdifferentcultures.Whenwe’revisitingothercountries,weshouldfollowtheircustoms.That’stosay,WordsandPhrasesGroupDiscussion1.Whyareyouspeaking?

STEPONE

SampleAnswer

(1)Heisexpressinghisfeelings/comment/opinion.

(2)Sheiscriticizingthechildren’sbehaviorandhopesthattheywouldnotdothisagain.

(3)Sheiscuriousandisaskingabouttheman’sideas.

(4)Heismakingasuggestion.Heaskstheboynottodisturbhim.

Studythefollowingmovementsofbodylanguage.Thenworkinpairstodiscusswhateachgesturemeansinyourculture.SampleAnswerNoddingyourheadupanddownItmeans“Iagree”oritshowsthatyouarepayingattention.Shakingyourhead

Itmeansyouaresaying“No!”oritshowsthatyouaredisappointed.Wavingyourhandwhilecurlingthefingersdownward/upward

Itmeans“Comehere!”P(pán)re-ReadingQuestionsunderstandingspecificinformation1)Howcannonverbalsignalscausedifficultiesincommunicationacrosscultures?2)Whatdoesbodylanguageinclude?3)Whatdoestheword“it”inline12referto?Theymaymeandifferentthingsindifferentcultures.Facialexpression,gesturesandothermovementsofthebodythatsendmessages.Noddingtheheadupanddown4)WhydidthesalesmanbringanewwashingmachinetotheJapanesestudent’sapartment?5)IntheUnitedStates,whatarepeopleexpectedtododuringaconversationasfaraseyecontactisconcerned?Becausehethoughtthestudentwasexpressing“Iagreetobuythemachine”bynoddinghishead.Peopleareexpectedtolookintotheotherperson’seyesduringaconversation.6)WhatwillprobablyhappenifanAmericanwavesgood-byetoanAsiaschoolboy?7)Accordingtothetext,whydoesonediplomattrytoincreasetheirpersonalconversationdistancewhiletheotherdoestheopposite?8)Whatis“culturalawareness”?Hemaycomecloserinsteadofgoingaway.Becausetheycomefromdifferentcountriesandpreferdifferentconversationdistances.It’stheawarenessofdifferencesbetweendifferentcultures./It’stheawarenessofproperbehaviorindifferentcultures.In-ClassReading1.

Whenyoulearnaforeignlanguageyoumustlearnmorethanjustthevocabularyandthegrammar.（Line1）morethanjust…

不僅僅(要做)······more…than(Line10)比······多當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，你要學(xué)的不僅僅是詞匯和語(yǔ)法。SentenceStudy今天早晨，我所做的工作要比他多。Ihavedonemoreworkthismorningthanhe.Insomeplacesbottledwatercostsmorethanaglassofbeer.有些地方的瓶裝水比一杯啤酒還要貴。SentenceStudy提到北京2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)，我們關(guān)心的不僅僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，更重要的是它的國(guó)際影響。Whenspeakingofthe2008OlympicGamesinBeijing,weconcernmorethanjustfinancialprofits.Themoreimportantthingisitsinternationalinfluence.SentenceStudynonverbal(l.5)non-:notanonstopflightanonsmokernonconductingmaterialnoninterferenceineachother’sinternalaffairsNonnaturalanonalcoholic(不含酒精的)drinkanonmembercountry(非成員國(guó))1.means

(Line9,Para.1)n.method,process,way,bywhicharesultmaybeobtained

方法，手段1)bynomeans/notbyanymeans

決不,一點(diǎn)也不，完全不是

Bynomeansshould

thebabybeleftalone.2)bymeansof用……，依靠……Thewatercanbecarriedbymeansofpipe.3)tolivewithin/beyondone’smeansTonyisgettingincreasinglyindebtbecausehelivesbeyondhismeans.4)bywhatmeansEvenifIagreetoletyougo,bywhatmeansareyougoingtogetthereonaSunday?5)ameanstoanendIdon’treallylikeworkinginthedocks,it’sjustameanstoanendbecauseIwanttogetajobwithoneoftheshippingcompanies.Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyair.鎮(zhèn)上的人用各種可能的辦法撲滅了大火。Shetriedtoexplainbymeansofsignlanguage.她試著用手語(yǔ)解釋。Citizensofthetownputoutthefirebyallmeansavailable.最快的交通方式是乘飛機(jī)。Words&Phrases2.Speakingaforeignlanguageissometimesdifficult……(Line11)動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)通常表抽象的、習(xí)慣性的或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，它具有名詞和動(dòng)詞的特征。除在句子中做主語(yǔ)外，還可以做表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。

有時(shí)候我們發(fā)現(xiàn)說(shuō)一門外語(yǔ)很困難，因?yàn)槲覀兛赡懿涣私饬硪环N文化的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)，或者說(shuō)那些信號(hào)在我們自己文化中的含義可能迥然不同。SentenceStudytolearn/dosththehardway(l.18)

通過(guò)艱難困苦而學(xué)會(huì)或明白某事Togrowup

thehardwayI

learnedthehardway

thatdrugsweren’tananswertomyproblems.Somecomplexoccupationsrequirespecializedknowledgethatonemust

learnthehardway.

3.contact

(Line22,Para.3)n.(stateof)touchingorcomingtogether

接觸，聯(lián)系學(xué)者應(yīng)該經(jīng)常接觸新思想。

Ascholarshould____________________________eintocontactwithnewideas

Haveyoubeen__________________yoursolicitorrecently?你最近同你的律師有聯(lián)系嗎？incontactwithWords&Phrases要了解進(jìn)一步情況，請(qǐng)與我們當(dāng)?shù)氐拇砩搪?lián)系。Forfurtherinformation,pleasecontactourlocalagents.vt.getintotouchwith(sb.)與（某人）接觸；會(huì)晤；聯(lián)系3.contact

(Line22,Para.3)Words&Phrases3.Visitorstoothercountriesmustbeawareofthedifferenceortheymaysendthewrongmessage.（Line32）

or

可做并列連詞表示“否則，要不然”。

去國(guó)外訪問(wèn)的人必須了解這種差別，否則也許會(huì)表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤的信息。SentenceStudy

4.beawareof

(Line33,Para.4)

haveknowledgeorrealizationofsb./sth.

知道，意識(shí)到，覺(jué)察到Smokers________________________ofcigarettesmokingtotheirownhealth.吸煙者很清楚吸煙對(duì)他們自身健康的種種危害。arewellawareofthedangersWords&PhrasesBeforethegroupmatchofEuro2004,Greekfootballfans___________________________thattheirnationalteamcouldtakebackthechampion.在2004年歐洲足球錦標(biāo)賽小組賽之前希臘球迷沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己的國(guó)家隊(duì)有奪冠的可能性。4.beawareof

(Line33,Para.4)

haveknowledgeorrealizationofsb./sth.

知道，意識(shí)到，覺(jué)察到werenotawareofthepossibilityWords&Phrasesawareness

(Line47,Para.6)n.knowledgeorunderstandingofaparticularsubjectorsituation意識(shí)Thepolicearetryingtoincrease_________________ofillegalpyramidsales.警方正盡全力提高大眾對(duì)于非法傳銷的（防范）意識(shí)。publicawarenessWords&Phrases比較狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝。在than引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句中，如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞省略，且兩句的主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行比較，than后可用倒裝。4.

Generally,NorthAmericansprefermorespacethandoLatinAmericansandpeoplefromtheMiddleEast.(Line35)通常，比起拉丁美洲和中東人來(lái)，北美人更喜歡彼此間談話距離遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。SentenceStudyFlyingdemandsamuchgreatersupplyofenergythandomostotherformsoftransportation.飛行所需的能量比其他運(yùn)輸方式所耗的能量大得多。她花在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上的時(shí)間比其他同學(xué)都多。ShespentmoretimeonEnglishstudythandidtheotherstudents.SentenceStudy5.Thepersonwhoprefersmoredistanceusuallylosesthefightwhenhe

findshimselfwithhisbackagainstthewall.(Line39)

Theperson

是句子的主語(yǔ)，whoprefersmoredistance是主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句，losesthefight

是謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。when

引導(dǎo)的是狀語(yǔ)從句。findoneself

+介詞

發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于某種狀態(tài)想拉開(kāi)距離的那個(gè)人退到背靠墻，無(wú)路可退為止，他的奮斗只好以失敗告終。SentenceStudyHefoundhimselfinanembarrassingsituation.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一種尷尬的境地。若干年后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)又回到了自己闊別已久的故鄉(xiāng)。Yearslater,he

foundhimselfbacktohishometown.SentenceStudy英語(yǔ)說(shuō)的"findoneself"有三個(gè)意思:①起居

e.g.Howdoyoufindyourselfthismorning?②自給自足

e.g.Heworksforonehundreddollarsamonthandfindshimself.③自覺(jué)，自知，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的能力e.g.Aftertryingvariousjobshefoundhimselfandbecameasuccessfulreporter.

6.prefer

(Line39,Para.5)vt.chooserather,likebetter寧可，寧愿（選擇）；更喜歡

Heprefersredwinetowhite.他喜歡紅葡萄酒，不太喜歡白葡萄酒。HechoseSpain,butpersonallyI’dprefertogotoGreece.他選擇了西班牙，但就我個(gè)人而言，我會(huì)選擇去希臘。Wouldyoupreferthatwereschedulethemeetingfornextweek?你樂(lè)意我們把會(huì)議重新安排在下周嗎？Words&Phrasesprefer…to…,prefer(…)todosth,preferthat…6.

Althoughwespendmanyyearslearninghowtolearnaforeignlanguage,misunderstandingscanoccurunlesswealsoknowthenonverballanguageandthecorrectbehaviorofthatculture.(Line42)

“unless……”在意義上相當(dāng)于

“if……not”，但語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)。譯為“除非，如果不”。盡管我們花了許多年時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)，如果我們不了解那個(gè)文化的非言語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言和正確舉止的話，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生誤解。SentenceStudy除非你能給出更低的價(jià)格，否則他們是不會(huì)買這批貨的。Unlessyoucangivealoweroffer,theywon’tbuythesegoods.如果你不給出更低的價(jià)格，他們是不會(huì)買這批貨的。Ifyoudon’tgivealoweroffer,theywon’tbuythesegoods.SentenceStudyUsefulExpressions

tolookdirectlyintoaperson’seyestocurlthefingersdownward/upwardwhilewavingone’shandtoincrease/decreasethepersonalconversationdistanceculturalawareness直視某人

揮手時(shí)手指朝下/朝上

拉開(kāi)/縮小交談時(shí)的距離

文化認(rèn)知

UsefulExpressions

tocommunicatesuccessfullyinspeechtounderstandthenonverbalsignalsofanotherculture

mustbeawareofthedifferencetobenotreallypreparedtocommunicateinaforeignlanguage成功地進(jìn)行交流

了解另一種文化的非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)

必須了解這種差別

沒(méi)有真正具備用外語(yǔ)交際的能力

UsefulExpressions

UsefulExpressions在不熟悉的場(chǎng)合應(yīng)該有什么樣的舉止howtobehaveinunfamiliarsituationsTranslatethefollowingsentences,payattentiontotheunderlinedwords1)

Whenyoulearnaforeignlanguageyoumustlearnmorethanjustthevocabularyandthegrammar.（Line1）當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，你要學(xué)的不僅僅是詞匯和語(yǔ)法。2)Thismeansof