短語(yǔ)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 人教版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)

知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為動(dòng)詞原形，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用三單形式。（加s/es）一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法。1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)：Heistwelve.Sheisatwork.2.表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作：Igetupat6:30everyday.3.表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力:Heisoutgoing.ShespeaksFrench.4.普遍的真理和自然規(guī)律：Themoongoesaroundtheearth.Twoplusfourissix.二、常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用的詞及短語(yǔ)1.always總是，usually通常，often常常，sometimes有時(shí)，never從不等頻率副詞用于主語(yǔ)之后，動(dòng)詞之前。Weoftenplaybasketballafterschool.我們經(jīng)常放學(xué)后打籃球。everyday(week,month,year,spring．．．)每天（周，月，春天．．．），OnSundays每個(gè)星期天inthemorning/evening/afternoon在早上（中午、晚上）等。三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

I.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是be時(shí)：

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be包括

am,is

,are.

其用法是:我用am;你用are;

is用于他她它;所有復(fù)數(shù)都用are.

肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。Heisaworker.他是一名工人。否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它Isheaworker?他是工人嗎？肯定回答

Yes,主語(yǔ)（代詞）＋be

Yes,heis.是的，他是。

否定回答

No,主語(yǔ)（代詞）＋be＋notNo.heisn’t.注意：必須用縮寫(xiě)形式

isn't/aren't，amnot不用縮寫(xiě)。特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句Whatdoeshedo?他是做什么的？2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化:1)、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一、二人稱(I,weyou)及復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形，變否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)則加助動(dòng)詞do。肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。Weplaybasketballafterschool.否定句：主語(yǔ)+don't+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。Wedon’tbasketballafterschool.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?Doyoubasketballafterschool?肯定回答

Yes,主語(yǔ)（代詞）＋do.Yes,wedo.

否定回答

No,主語(yǔ)（代詞）＋don’t.No,wedon't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？Whatdoyoudoafterschool?2)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it,單數(shù)名詞)時(shí),動(dòng)詞用三單形式，變否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)則加助動(dòng)詞does。肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞三單式(+其它)。Heplaysbasketballafterschool.否定句：主語(yǔ)+doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。Hedoesn’tplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑問(wèn)句：Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。Doheplaybasketballafterschool?肯定回答

Yes,主語(yǔ)（代詞）＋does.Yes,hedo.否定回答

No,主語(yǔ)（代詞）＋doesn’t.No,hedoesn’t.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？Whatdoeshedoafterschool?第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則一般情況下動(dòng)詞直接加srun-runsget-gets以s,x,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加esmiss-missesgo-goeswash-washeswatch-watches以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將y改為i加esStudy-studiesfly-flies注意：have-has，y前如果為元音則直接加s:buy-buys,say-says例題1.---_________doesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?---Hegoestoworkbybike.A.WhenB.HowC.WhatD.Where例題2、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子1）.——你在哪里寫(xiě)你的作業(yè)？——我在電腦上寫(xiě)。---Where_____________________________________________?---Iwriteitonthecomputer.2）.——接下來(lái)這個(gè)男孩做什么呢？——他打開(kāi)書(shū)。---__________________theboy__________________?---Heopensthebook.變式1、_________Bill_________twoping-pongballs?A.Do;haveB.Does;haveC.Do;hasD.Does;has變式2、---_________youspell“pen”?---P-E-N,pen.A.HowareB.WhatdoC.HowdoD.Whatare變式3.用動(dòng)詞所給適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Daniel

and

Tommy_________

(be)

members

of

the

Reading

Club.2.

My

cousin

sometimes

_________

(play)

cards

with

me.3.

His

father

often

_________

(read)

books

in

the

library

on

Saturdays.4._________your

parents_________(read)

newspapers

every

day?5.

_________

he_________(like)

the

World

Cup?6.The

girl_________

(go)

tothenationallibrary

twiceamonth.7.There

_________(be)

some

water

in

the

bottle.8.She

and

I________(take)a

walk

together

every

evening.知識(shí)點(diǎn)二：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式。一、常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的詞及短語(yǔ)：時(shí)間+ago:amomentago,threeyearsagolast引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)：lastyear/week/Saturday,justnow(剛才),yesterday，thedaybeforeyesterday(前天)，in1998…，whenIwas5yearsold,...等二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+be(was/were)...肯定句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+其他.Iwasinthecinemayesterday.否定句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+其他?Iwasnotinthecinemayesterday?一般疑問(wèn)句：Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他？Wereyouinthecinemayesterday?肯定回答：Yes,Iwas.否定回答：No,Iwasn’t.2.行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式.IwatchedafilmlastSunday.否定句：主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形?Ididn’twatchafilmlastSunday.一般疑問(wèn)句：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形?DidyouwatchafilmlastSunday?肯定回答：Yes,Idid.否定回答：No,Ididn’t.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+以did開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句?WhatdidyoudolastSunday?三．動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-edpull-pulledcook-cooked動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾是e只加dhope-hopedlive-lived末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加-edstop-stoppedship-shipped以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為istudy-studiedworry-worried不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式am,is-wasare-were,do-didhave-had2).Therebe句型的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句式變化肯定句There+was/were+主語(yǔ)+其他否定句There+wasn’t/weren’t+主語(yǔ)+其他一般疑問(wèn)句Was/Were+there+主語(yǔ)+其他？肯定答語(yǔ)Yes,therewas/were.否定答語(yǔ)No,therewasn’t/weren’t.例句：Therewasapondinthevillagetenyearsago.十年前這個(gè)村莊有一個(gè)池塘。Therewasn’tapondinthevillagetenyearsago.十年前這個(gè)村莊沒(méi)有池塘。Wasthereapondinthevillagetenyearsago?十年前這個(gè)村莊有池塘嗎？Yes,therewas.是的，有。No,therewasn’t.不，沒(méi)有。例題1、---Wereyouintheclassroomjustnow?---_________.Iwasintheplayground.A.Yes,IwasB.No,Iwasn’tC.Yes,IdidD.No,Ididn’t例題2、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子1）.珍妮是在哪里出生的？__________________jennyborn?2）.她們生于北京。They___________________________Beijing.變式1、I_________playthepianowhenI_________fouryearsold.A.could;wasB.can;wasC.could;amD.can;am變式2、---Lucy,where_________youbornandhowold_________you?---London,andI’mthirteen.A.was;areB.were;areC.are;wasD.are;were變式3、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(1)IwasborninthecityofWeifang.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)________________borninthecityofWeifang?(2)MrWangwasmyfirstEnglishteacher.(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))________________________firstEnglishteacher?變式4.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.He

_________(work)

in

that

bank

four

years

ago.2.I

_________(think)of

a

goodidea

just

now.3.I

_________(see)

him

yesterday.4.He_________(come)

to

school

at

6

o’clock

this

morning.5.He

_________(tell)

a

story

to

his

daughter

yesterday.6._________

you

_________(try)

to

call

me

last

night?變式5.寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式。1.am／is

_________

do

_________

go

_________

have_________2.isn’t

_________

aren’t

_________

spend_________

cook_________3.read

_________

clean

_________

live

_________

study_________易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1.bored，boring1.bored意為“討厭的；煩悶的”，修飾人。2.boring意為“令人厭煩的；令人討厭的”，修飾物。例句：Idon’tlikethelecture.It’stooboring.我不喜歡這個(gè)講座。太無(wú)聊了。Ihadnothingtodothisafternoon,soIfeltverybored.今天下午我沒(méi)事做，所以我感到非常無(wú)聊。例題：It’sa_________talk.Ifeel_________whenItalkwiththem.A.boring;boring B.bored;boredC.boring;bored D.bored;boring積累：excited(be~dabout)/excitingsurprised(be~dat)//surprisingamazed(be~dat)//amazinginterested(be~edin)/interestingterrified(beterrifiedat/of/with)/terrifyingpleased(be~dwith)/pleasing,=pleasant2.open和turnon1).open意為“打開(kāi)”，反義詞為close“關(guān)閉”，通常指把封閉的東西打開(kāi)，比如“開(kāi)窗”，“開(kāi)門(mén)”等。2).turnon也表示“打開(kāi)”，翻譯詞為turnoff“關(guān)上”，通常表示電器的開(kāi)關(guān)，比如“開(kāi)電腦”，“開(kāi)電視”等。例句：MayIopenthewindowforawhile?我能開(kāi)一會(huì)窗么？Turnonthelightwhenitisdark.天黑了就把燈開(kāi)開(kāi)。例題：Please_________thewindow,andthenwecanletthefreshairin.A.open B.close C.turnon D.turnoff練習(xí)：1.短文語(yǔ)法填空題．

Ihavebeenworryingaboutsomanyproblemslately．Iamhopingthatyoucangivemesome(1)________(advise)onhowtodealwith(2)________Asyouknow,Ihaveverystrictparents．Theywillnotletmedoanything(3)________myown．Icannotgooutwithfriends(4)________talkwiththemonthephone．Theywantmetohelpoutathome．Iam(5)________busythatIdonothavetimetostudy．Iam(6)________(stress)fromschoolworktoo．ThereissomuchworkandIhavemeanclassmates(7)________alwaysshowofftheirexpensivethings．Theyknowmyfamilyhasmoneyproblemsandtheylikemakingmefeelbadaboutnot(8)________(have)nicethings．Icannotsleepwellatnight(9)________Iamtooworried．Isometimesfeellikerunningawayfromhome．Doyouhaveanysuggestionsonhowtodealwithstress?I(10)________appreciateanytips．2.根據(jù)下列所給句子及所給單詞的首字母，按題號(hào)寫(xiě)出各單詞的完全形式(每空限填一詞)。(1)Ifeelreallysorrywhenshetellsmetherealandt________news:TheairlineMH370crashed