山西省忻州市殿上中學(xué)2023年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

山西省忻州市殿上中學(xué)2023年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.___________productionupby50%,thefactoryhasanotherwonderfulyear.

A.As

B.For

C.With

D.Through參考答案：

C解析：withproductionupby50%是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在此處作原因狀語(yǔ)。此處介詞with意思是“隨著”。2.Joseph______toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.A．hasbeengoing

B．went

C．goes

D．hasgone參考答案：A句意：約瑟夫自從上個(gè)月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄語(yǔ)說(shuō)“你叫什么名字？”。解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中sincelastmonth，表示“自從上個(gè)月起”根據(jù)but后的句意，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作從過(guò)去發(fā)生到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行著，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。3.Whenit______advertising,consumersneedtobeeducatedabouttechniquesusedbyadvertisers.

A.comesup

B.comesabout

C.comesout

D.comesto參考答案：D33. Hewrotealetter______heexplainswhathadhappenedintheaccident. A.what B.which C.where D.how參考答案：C5.Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,

itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld.A.whateverB.whoeverC.whereverD.whichever參考答案：C6.－Doyouthinktheteamwillwinthegoldmedalatthe2012LondonOlympicGames?－____.Afterall,itisnolongerthestrongestintheworld.A.Ofcourse

B.Itdepends

C.Don’tmentionit

D.Ihopeso參考答案：B略7.Ipreferahouseinbeautifulsurroundingsinthecountrysideto_______insuchanoisystreetinShanghai.A.it

B.that

C.this

D.one參考答案：D8.ShegotstuckinaterribletrafficjamonthehighwaytoShanghai，orshe

dinnerwithherfamilynow．A．willbehaving

B．wouldbehaving

C．ishaving

D．washaving參考答案：B略9.--Soyougaveheryourphone?--__________.Shesaidshe'dreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordherown.A.Notexactly

B.Mypleasure

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright

參考答案：A略10.Alwaysreadthe______onthebottlecarefullybeforetakingmedicine.

Ainstructions

Bexplanations

Cdescriptions

Dintroductions參考答案：A11.Peoplehaveplantedagreatmanytreesinorderto______windandsand.A.holddown

B.holdup

C.holdback

D.holdout參考答案：C12.Whethersomethingisaliveordeadisacrucial______anditisonethatchildrenhavenodifficultyunderstandingbytheageoffive.A.declaration B.distinction C.division D.distribution參考答案：B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：某些東西是活的還是死的是一個(gè)重要的區(qū)別，這是一個(gè)孩子在5歲時(shí)就不難理解的問(wèn)題。A.declaration宣告，聲明；B.distinction差別，區(qū)別；C.division分割；D.distribution分配，分布。根據(jù)前面的“是活的還是死”可推知，這是指孩子對(duì)死和活的區(qū)別，故選B。13.Theplantodevelopthelandwillwastetaxpayers’dollarsand________trafficjam.A.addupto

B.addto

C.add

D.addup參考答案：B14.Theyoungmancouldn’taffordanewcar.__________,heboughtausedone.A.Besides

B.Otherwise

C.Instead

D.Still參考答案：C略15.Thetownhaschangedsomuchthatitis_____recognition．

A．by

B．within

C．beyond

D．under參考答案：C略16.—Let'shaveagameoftennis;theloserhastotreattheothertoahotdog.—

.A.I'mafraidso

B.It'sadealC.You'vegotapoint

D.Mytreat參考答案：15．B試題分析：句意：--讓我們來(lái)一場(chǎng)網(wǎng)球比賽吧，輸?shù)娜苏?qǐng)客吃熱狗。--一言為定。I'mafraidso恐怕是這樣的；It'sadeal一言為定；You'vegotapoint你抓住重點(diǎn)了；Mytreat我請(qǐng)客。根據(jù)句意故選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查交際用語(yǔ)的用法。點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題難度適中。交際用語(yǔ)是高考的熱點(diǎn)，對(duì)于這些用語(yǔ)都是用在特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境之下，要充分理解語(yǔ)境，才能做出正確的判斷。即學(xué)即練：—I'mnotgoodatsinging,youknow.—________It'sjustforfun.A.Don'tsayso.

B.Comeon.

C.Whatapity!

D.Cheerup.

解析：B。Don'tsayso.不要這樣說(shuō)。不符合情景交際的特點(diǎn)；Comeon.得了吧；來(lái)吧；Whatapity!

真可惜！真遺憾！Cheerup振作點(diǎn)。答語(yǔ)句意：來(lái)吧！我們只是玩。【解析】略二、完型填空17.Todaywespentthemorninggoingthroughourpersonalbelongings.Wewerelookingforitemsto___21___forfreeatalocalpark.Notjustanyitemsbutthingspeoplereally___22___.Ouraimwasnottofindthingswenolonger___23___butthingsweuseeverydaythatwouldbe___24___toothers.Wepackedthesethings___25___theboxandaddedsomesmalltoys.Weaddedalistoflocaladdressesandphonenumbersoflocal___26___agencies.Insidetheboxasimpleletterwasplaced.It___27___:“Pleasetaketheseitemsandknowthatyourlifeisimportant.___28___aredifficultbutthesedayswillpass.Wesharewhatwehavebelievingthatitwill___29___.Usethefoodtonurtureyour___30___andusetheblanketstostaywarm.Besafeandknowthatthehuman___31___canovercomeanything.Donotholdyourhead___32___forhavinganeedtostaywarm.Somedaypleasedothesamewhenyoucan.”Thiskind___33___wasnotbecausethephonerangorforanyreason.Itwas___34___becauseitwastherighttodo.Wehaveoftenseen___35___peopleattheparkwhereweleftthebelongings.I___36___thatmywifehadputherfavoritegreencoatintothebox.Iaskedifshewas___37___aboutitandshejustrepliedthatithadahood(兜帽).HeranswertoldmewhyitisIwholoveher.Shelikedthecoatbutknewthehoodcould___38___someonefromtherain.Whoknowswherethesegiftsof___39___willgo?Howmanyusescanablanketserve___40___whatitwasdesignedtodo?Wenevergobackandseewhathappens.Itisunimportant.Therightthingswillfindtherightpeopleandthatisallthatcounts.21.A.putoff B.putup C.giveaway D.giveup22.A.needed B.collected C.produced D.searched23.A.accepted B.wanted C.carried D.bought24.A.wonderful B.beautiful C.hopeful D.useful25.A.around B.upon C.into D.above26.A.working B.parking C.delivering D.helping27.A.spoke B.read C.marked D.indicated28.A.Ways B.Problems C.Times D.Situations29.A.matter B.continue C.change D.depend30.A.body B.mind C.brain D.muscle31.A.liberty B.sprit C.health D.wisdom32.A.forward B.aside C.around D.down33.A.attempt B.manner C.act D.habit34.A.suddenly B.simply C.strangely D.usually35.A.Aimless B.homeless C.childless D.friendless36.A.believed B.dreamed C.approve D.noticed37.A.sure B.regretful C.worried D.anxious38.A.separate B.prevent C.shelter D.hold39.A.affection B.sympathy C.generosity D.honesty40.A.otherthan B.ratherthan C.morethan D.betterthan參考答案：21.C

22.A

23.B

24.D

25.C

26.D

27.B

28.C

29.A

30.A

31.B

32.D

33.C

34.B

35.B

36.D

37.A

38.C

39.B

40.A本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，主要敘述了作者和妻子為一些無(wú)家可歸的人捐衣物，這些衣物并不是自己不需要的，而是一些自己在用而且對(duì)別人也是有用的，妻子甚至將自己最喜歡的有風(fēng)帽的綠色外套捐獻(xiàn)出去，因?yàn)樗里L(fēng)帽可以保護(hù)人們不受雨淋。作者認(rèn)為適當(dāng)?shù)娜说玫竭m當(dāng)?shù)臇|西最重要。文章旨在贊揚(yáng)這種無(wú)私的助人為樂(lè)的奉獻(xiàn)精神，人人都應(yīng)為他人給予愛(ài)心、溫暖，也是對(duì)自己的一種回饋?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A.putoff推遲；B.putup提供；C.giveaway分發(fā)；D.giveup放棄。根據(jù)上文"Todaywespentthemorninggoingthroughourpersonalbelongings"可知，我們花了一個(gè)上午的時(shí)間在整理我們的私人物品，主要是在找一些可以在當(dāng)?shù)氐墓珗@免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送的衣物，所以C選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.needed需要；B.collected收集；C.produced生產(chǎn)；D.searched搜索。根據(jù)文章第一段的主旨大意可知，我們（所要贈(zèng)送的）不是任何東西，而是人們真正需要的，所以A選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.accepted接受；B.wanted想要；C.carried搬運(yùn)；D.bought買(mǎi)。根據(jù)"butthingsweuseeverydaythatwouldbe…toothers"，我們的目標(biāo)不是找我們不想要的東西，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確的。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.wonderful極好的；B.beautiful美麗的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.useful有用的。根據(jù)第一段的主旨大意及"Notjustanyitemsbutthingspeoplereally"可知，我們所要贈(zèng)送的是我們每天都用的，對(duì)別人也是有用的東西，所以D選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?5題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A.around四處；B.upon根據(jù)；C.into深入……之中；D.above在……之上。根據(jù)句意可知，我把要贈(zèng)送的東西放進(jìn)盒子里面，因此介詞into：進(jìn)入；在里面…符合題意，所以C選項(xiàng)是正確的。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.working工作；B.parking停車(chē)；C.delivering投遞；D.helping幫助。根據(jù)句意可知，盒子里除了要贈(zèng)送的衣物，我還加入了一些當(dāng)?shù)氐牡刂泛驮鷻C(jī)構(gòu)的地址，所以D選項(xiàng)是正確的。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.spoke說(shuō)；B.read寫(xiě)著；C.marked標(biāo)記；D.indicated顯示。根據(jù)句意可知，在盒子里面放有一封簡(jiǎn)單的信，信上寫(xiě)到…，"表示…上寫(xiě)著，顯示用"read或say"，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.Ways方法；B.Problems問(wèn)題；C.Times時(shí)光；D.Situations情況。根據(jù)后面的句子"butthesedayswillpass"可知，困難的時(shí)光會(huì)過(guò)去的，所以C選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.matter重要；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.change

改變；D.depend依賴。根據(jù)句意可知，我們與別人分享我們所擁有的有用之物（即將有用的衣物贈(zèng)送給別人），我們相信這很重要，"matter

重要，有影響"，所以A選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.body身體；B.mind理智；C.brain大腦；D.muscle肌肉。根據(jù)句意"Usethefoodtonurtureyour，usetheblanketstostaywarm"可知，用食物給身體增加營(yíng)養(yǎng)，用毯子保持溫暖，所以A選項(xiàng)是正確的。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.liberty自由；B.sprit精神；C.health健康；D.wisdom智慧。根據(jù)句意可知，人類的精神可以戰(zhàn)勝一切，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?2題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A.forward向前；B.aside一邊；C.around四處；D.down向下。根據(jù)句意可知，不要因?yàn)樾枰獤|西保暖而低下頭，副詞"down

向下"，所以D選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.attempt企圖；B.manner方式；C.act行為；D.habit習(xí)慣。根據(jù)上文"Wewerelookingforitemsto

forfreeatalocalpark"可知，我們?cè)谡乙恍〇|西可以在當(dāng)?shù)氐墓珗@免費(fèi)的贈(zèng)送，這個(gè)善舉不是因?yàn)殡娫掆忢懥?，或是其他什么原因，所以C選項(xiàng)是正確的。【34題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.suddenly突然；B.simply簡(jiǎn)單；僅僅；C.strangely奇怪地；D.usually通常。根據(jù)句子"becauseitwastherighttodo"可知，我們?yōu)閯e人贈(zèng)送所需的衣物，僅僅只是因?yàn)閼?yīng)該這么做，這是對(duì)的且有意義的事，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確的。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.Aimless沒(méi)有目標(biāo)的；B.homeless無(wú)家可歸的；C.childless無(wú)子女的；D.friendless沒(méi)有朋友的。根據(jù)"…forfreeatalocalpark"及"attheparkwhereweleftthebelongings．"可知，我們經(jīng)常在當(dāng)?shù)氐墓珗@免費(fèi)的贈(zèng)送衣物，所以我們經(jīng)常會(huì)在公園里面看見(jiàn)無(wú)家可歸的人，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確的。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.believed相信；B.dreamed夢(mèng)想；C.approve批準(zhǔn)；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)句意可知，我注意到我的妻子把她最喜歡的綠色的外套放在盒子里面，所以D選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.sure確信的；B.regretful后悔的；C.worried擔(dān)憂的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)"mywifehadputherfavoritegreencoatintooneoftheboxes"可知，我問(wèn)妻子是否能夠確定她最喜歡的綠色的外套也要放在盒子里一并贈(zèng)送出去，所以A選項(xiàng)是正確的?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.separate分開(kāi)；B.prevent阻止；C.shelter

庇護(hù)；D.hold持有。根據(jù)句意可知，妻子之所以要贈(zèng)送最喜歡的綠色的外套，是因?yàn)橐路酗L(fēng)帽她知道風(fēng)帽可以保護(hù)人們不受雨淋，"sheltersbfromsth保護(hù)；保護(hù)某人不受…，抵擋，躲避"，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.affection

愛(ài)情；B.sympathy同情；C.generosity慷慨；D.honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者及妻子把自己有用的同時(shí)對(duì)別人也有用得衣物贈(zèng)送出來(lái)是同情憐憫這些無(wú)家可歸的人，對(duì)他們施以愛(ài)心，誰(shuí)知道這些同情的禮物會(huì)去往什么地方，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確的。【40題詳解】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A.otherthan除了；B.ratherthan寧愿；C.morethan不僅僅；D.betterthan好于。根據(jù)句意可知，除了毯子本來(lái)的用途，他們還可以用作什么？所以A選項(xiàng)是正確的。三、閱讀理解18.Idon’teverwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeoplekeptaskingmestoriesaboutwhatit’sliketoworkinafieldunderthecontrolofmen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheexistenceoftheuniverse,theshapeofspacetimeandthenatureofblackholes.At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics(天體物理學(xué)),itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenasapost-doctordoingspaceresearch,theproblemstartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedfromtheangleofgender(性別)politics.Soweremyfailures.Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldfinallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations(挑釁):Idon’ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn’twanttodealwithgenderproblems.Whyshouldremovingsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?Afterall,Idon’tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen’scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer,45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon’ttakenonoticeofthoseconcerns.Still,Idon’ttellthem“war”stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(懷孕）doingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat’sasightworthtalkingabout.5．Whydoesn’ttheauthorwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain?A.Shefeelsunhappyworkinginthescientificfield.B.Shefindsspaceresearchmoreimportant.C.Sheisnotgoodattellingstoriesofthekind.D.Sheistiredofthesexisminscientificfield.6．FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldthinktheauthor’sfailuresweredueto__.A.herover-confidenceasafemaleastrophysicistB.herinvolvementingenderpoliticsC.theveryfactthatsheisawomanD.theburdenshebearsinamale-leadingsociety7．Whydoestheauthorfeelgreatsatisfactionwhentalkingaboutherclass?A.Femalestudentsnolongerhavetobotheraboutgenderissues.B.Herstudents’performancehasbroughtbackherconfidence.C.Morefemalestudentsaregoinginforsciencethanbefore.D.Herfemalestudentscandojustaswellasmalestudents.8．Whatdoestheimage(形象)thattheauthorpresentstoherstudentssuggest?A.Womencanbalanceacareerinscienceandhavingafamily.B.Womenhavemorebarriersontheirwaytoacademicsuccess.C.Womenstudentsneedn’thavetheconcernsofhergeneration.D.Womennowhavefewerproblemsgoinginforasciencecareer.參考答案：5．D6．C7．C8．A本文通過(guò)人們對(duì)科學(xué)界女性的歧視引出話題，想要告訴我們：女性有能力平衡科學(xué)事業(yè)和家庭。5．D推斷判斷題。根據(jù)第一段IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.可以推斷出作者不愿意反復(fù)談?wù)撨@個(gè)話題，是因?yàn)椴桓信d趣，對(duì)此感到厭倦了。故選D.6．C推斷判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedfromtheangleofgender(性別)politics.Soweremyfailures.可以推斷出，人們認(rèn)為作者失敗全都因?yàn)樗且幻赃@個(gè)事實(shí)。故選C.7．C根據(jù)最后一段Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer,45.可以推斷出，作者談到她的班級(jí)時(shí)感到非常滿意是因?yàn)楸纫郧坝懈嗟呐栽谶M(jìn)行科學(xué)研究。故選C。8．A推斷判斷題。Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(懷孕）doingphysicsexperiments.（相反，我會(huì)告訴他們這樣的場(chǎng)景：她們的物理教授身懷六甲還在做物理實(shí)驗(yàn)。）可以推斷出，作者想要告訴她的學(xué)生，女性有能力平衡科學(xué)事業(yè)和家庭。故選A.【名師點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包括判斷和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了作出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。此類題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上，作出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒(méi)有直接表達(dá)的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。第1小題推斷判斷題。根據(jù)第一段IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.可以推斷出作者不愿意反復(fù)談?wù)撨@個(gè)話題，是因?yàn)椴桓信d趣，對(duì)此感到厭倦了。這也是作者沒(méi)有直接表達(dá)出來(lái)的，要我們進(jìn)行推斷判斷。故選D.

推理判斷題不僅要求考生讀懂文章中的每個(gè)句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，再通過(guò)邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。第4題推斷判斷題。Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thesceneoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnant(懷孕）doingphysicsexperiments.（相反，我會(huì)告訴他們這樣的場(chǎng)景：她們的物理教授身懷六甲還在做物理實(shí)驗(yàn)。）可以推斷出，作者想要告訴她的學(xué)生，女性有能力平衡科學(xué)事業(yè)和家庭，這也是文章的主題。故選A.任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫(xiě)作目的，讀者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問(wèn)題。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時(shí)我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：已知部分——推論的前提，從中推測(cè)出未知部分——推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評(píng)論，把自己的觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成作者的觀點(diǎn)。19.閱讀下列短文，從每題短文所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Indepartmentstoresandclosetsallovertheworld,theyarewaiting.Theiroutwardappearanceseemsratherattractivebecausetheyhaveavarietyofstyles,patterns,materials,andcolor1s.Buttheyareeventuallythebiggestdeception（欺騙）thatexistsinthefashionindustrytoday.Whatarethey?Theyarehighheels（高跟鞋）—awoman’sworstenemy(whethersheknowsitornot).Fashionhasledwomentobelievethattheyaremorebeautifulorfashionableforwearingheels,butinreality,heelscausetroubles.Womenshouldfightthehighheelindustrybyrefusingtouseorbuytheminordertosavetheworldfromunnecessaryphysicalandpsychologicalsuffering.Tobefair,itmustbenotedthatthereisapositivesidetohighheels.First,heelsareexcellentforaerating（給……通氣）lawns(草坪).AnyonewhohaseverwornheelsongrassknowswhatIamtalkingabout.Asimpletriparoundtheyardinapairofthosebabiesgetsridofalltheneedtocallforalawncareexpert,andprovidestheperfect-sizedholestogiveanylawnoxygenwithoutallthedirtlyingaround.Second,heelsarequiteusefulfordefendingagainstoncomingenemiesbythreateningthemwithapairofthesesharp,deadlyfashionitems.Regardlessofsuchp