山西省大同市隆湖中學(xué)2023年高三英語期末試題含解析

山西省大同市隆湖中學(xué)2023年高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto

betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.

A．raise

B．promote C．a(chǎn)ppeal

D．a(chǎn)rise參考答案：B2.Goodhealthis______mostpeopletakeforgranted—untiltheyloseit.A.anything

B.everything

C.nothing

D.something參考答案：D3.Beforeyouquityourjob,

howyourfamilywouldfeelaboutyourdecision.A.consider

B.considering

C.toconsider

D.considered參考答案：A4.Busywiththeirbusiness,theyhadnotimeto______theirwedding,sotheyhaditorganizedbyacompany.A.accelerate B.arrange

C.approve D.acknowledge參考答案：B考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意為“由于忙于生意，他們沒時(shí)間安排他們的婚禮，所以就請(qǐng)婚禮公司打理?！薄癮rrange”意為“安排”。5.—Whendidyougettoknowyourgirlfriend?—Itwasin2015________shewasworkingasavolunteerinAfrica.A.that B.whichC.when D.then參考答案：C【詳解】考查定語從句連接詞。句意：——你什么時(shí)候認(rèn)識(shí)你女朋友的？——是在她在非洲做志愿者的2015年。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞2015，且先行詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞when。故選C。

6.Sheisjustabeginner,sodon’tbetoo______abouthermistakesingrammar.A.special B.responsible C.innocent

D.particular參考答案：D7.Apersonwhohas

_______finalsayinaninternationalcompanyisusually_______influentialone.A.a;the

B.the;an

C.the;the

D.a;an參考答案：B8.Indiaattained________independencein1947,after________longstruggle.A.不填；a B.the;

aC.an;不填 D.an;

the參考答案：A【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：印度在一段長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的斗爭(zhēng)之后，在1947年獲得了獨(dú)立。independence意為：獨(dú)立，不可數(shù)；alongstruggle一段長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的斗爭(zhēng)。故選A項(xiàng)。9.

–Idon’tthinkI’llbeabletogomountain-climbingtomorrow.

--____?

A.Howcome

B.Andhow

C.Howisitgoing

D.Howaboutit參考答案：A10.Injuredin____hand,themanfounditdifficulttoholdtheboxin____place.A.the,/

B.the,the

C./,/

D.his,the參考答案：A11.—Oh,I’mreallyfedupwithJim.He’salwayscausingmetrouble.—I________youtokeepawayfromhim!Butyouwouldn’tlisten.A.toldB.tellC.havetoldD.wouldtell參考答案：A12.Thelong-lastingmeetingendedinfailure,_____noagreement.A.toreach

B.wouldreach

C.reaching

D.reached參考答案：C13.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI______thecloth______well．

A．havetold;washes

B．wastold;washed

C．havebeentold;washes

D．havebeentold;iswashed參考答案：C14.---Mr.Johnsonhasbeenchosenasthemanagerofthesalesdepartment.---___________hewassoexcitedthismorning.A.Nochance B.NowayC.Notpossible D.Nowonder參考答案：D【詳解】考查情景交際。A.Nochance不可能；B.Noway沒門；C.Notpossible不是可能；D.Nowonder難怪。句意：——約翰遜先生被選為銷售部經(jīng)理。——難怪他今天早上這么興奮。故選D。15.Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime____.A.allowing

B.toallowC.allowed

D.allows參考答案：

C

解析：本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語的各種形式，過去分詞allowed做后置定語表示被動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于whichwasallowed。19.

Weleftthesmalltown,_____clearly_____noneedtostay.

A.it;was

B.it;being

C.there;was

D.there;being參考答案：D略二、填空17.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.account

B.adjustable

C.appliances

D.capture

E.decorations

F.direct

G.experiment

H.intended

I.operated

J.soulless

K.squeezeGoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign?Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingto

41theessentialsofgooddesign.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.Therearefourasfollows.Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessary

42

Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultis

43

design.Post-Modernistdesignersbeganto

44

withdecorationandcolor1again.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchen

45

suchasovensandkettles.Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct’sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color1,andsoon.Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis

46

.Forexample,thinkofa(n)

47

desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedsto

48

lightwhereitisneeded.Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto

49

thesensorysideofournature—sight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantasrational(理性的)thinking.Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethatallowsustoeasily

50

thetoothpasteontoourbrush.參考答案：41.

D

42.E

43.J

44.G

45.C

46.H

47.B

48.F

49.A

50.K試題分析：本文屬于說明文，告訴我們好的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)包括四個(gè)黃金定律：簡(jiǎn)約、功能以及情感等等。41.

D

動(dòng)詞capture獲得；捕獲；本句中該詞構(gòu)成的不定式短語“tocapture.....”作為動(dòng)詞try的賓語。句意：多年以來，設(shè)計(jì)師和藝術(shù)家一直都在努力搞清楚好的設(shè)計(jì)的本質(zhì)。42.E

名詞decorations裝飾，該詞在句中作為動(dòng)詞avoid的賓語。本段的主題是“Lessismore”倡導(dǎo)裝修設(shè)計(jì)的簡(jiǎn)單化。句意：設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該避免不必要的裝飾物。43.J

形容詞soulless沒有靈魂的；該詞在本句中做定語修飾名詞design。根據(jù)前半句“TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly...”可知美國(guó)建筑家RobertVenturi總結(jié)過，如果簡(jiǎn)約沒有做好，那么這樣的設(shè)計(jì)就是沒有靈魂的；44.G

動(dòng)詞短語experimentwith試用，用...做實(shí)驗(yàn)；句意：后現(xiàn)代主義設(shè)計(jì)師們?cè)僖淮伍_始試驗(yàn)裝飾和顏色。45.C

名詞appliance電器，電器工具；該詞可由后面列舉的例子“ovensandkettles烤箱和水壺”推理，指廚房電器等物品。46.H

形容詞intended預(yù)期的；本句中該詞和系動(dòng)詞is構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：對(duì)用戶來說最重要的是產(chǎn)品達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。47.B

adjustable可調(diào)節(jié)的；本句中該詞作定語修飾名詞desklamp，意為＂可調(diào)節(jié)的臺(tái)燈＂，與后句中的＂regularadjustmentsbytheuser＂相呼應(yīng)。48.F動(dòng)詞direct對(duì)準(zhǔn)，指揮；本句中該詞與名詞light構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓短語。句意：最重要的是，它需要對(duì)需要光線的地方。49.A動(dòng)詞短語take…intoaccout考慮……；把…考慮在內(nèi)；句意；他認(rèn)為設(shè)計(jì)必須要把自然的知覺考慮在內(nèi)，如：視覺、嗅覺、觸覺和味覺。50.K動(dòng)詞squeeze擠壓；本句中該詞和名詞thetoothpaste構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。句意：我們很喜歡一個(gè)看起來很酷的裝置，能讓我們很容易地把牙膏擠到我們的牙刷上。【名師點(diǎn)睛】在選詞填空中，很重要的一點(diǎn)就是要確認(rèn)空格詞的詞性。下面給大家一些確認(rèn)空格詞詞性的小規(guī)律：1.如何確定空格處為名詞(1)如果空格處前面為冠詞a/an/the、形容詞或者及物動(dòng)詞，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。(2)如果空格處前面是介詞，空格充當(dāng)該介詞的賓語，需填入一個(gè)名詞。(3)如果空格處后面是謂語動(dòng)詞的，且空格前沒有句子主語，空格處應(yīng)填入該動(dòng)詞的主語(名詞)。2.如何確定空格處為動(dòng)詞(1)如果空格處前面已經(jīng)有名詞或代詞作主語，后面又有名詞或代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語，且中間無謂語動(dòng)詞，空格處應(yīng)為及物動(dòng)詞；如48.Direct把……對(duì)準(zhǔn)，指導(dǎo)。(2)如果空格處前面是be動(dòng)詞，后面無賓語且句意表被動(dòng)，空格處應(yīng)填及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。(3)如果空格處前面是名詞或代詞作主語，后面沒有賓語或有一個(gè)介詞加賓語。(4)如果空格處前面是名詞或代詞作主語，后面是形容詞，空格應(yīng)填入系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞。(5)如果空格處前有不定式標(biāo)志to，空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形；如果to是介詞，后面應(yīng)填入動(dòng)名詞。3.如何確定空格處為形容詞(1)如果空格處后面為名詞的，空格處可能填入形容詞；如47.形容詞adjustable可調(diào)節(jié)的(2)如果空格處前面是副詞的，空格處可能填入形容詞；(3)如果空格處前面是系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞，空格處可能填入形容詞作表語。如46.形容詞intended預(yù)期的；4.如何確定空格處為副詞(1)如果空格處前面或者后面為動(dòng)詞的，空格處可能填入副詞。(2)如果空格處后面是形容詞的，空格處可能填入副詞。18.InChina,thehistoryofpeopleplantingandusingbamboocandatebacktoasfaras7000years.AsearlyastheShangDynasty,bamboowasbeingusedinancientpeople’sdailylives.Itwasusedforfood,clothing,housing,transportation,

61

(music)instrumentsandevenweapons.The

62

(apply)ofbambooinscienceandtechnologyisthrilling.In251BC,LiBing,inSichuan,

63

(lead)thelocalpeopleinbuildingtheDujiangWeirs,thefirstirrigationnetworkintheworld,inwhichbambooplayed

64

importantrole.Theworld’soldestwaterpipewasalso

65

(make)ofbamboo.DuringtheHanDynasty,thepeopleinSichuan

66

(success)sanka1600-metre-deepwellwiththickbambooropes.ThistechnologydidnotspreadtoEurope

67

the19thcentury,anditwasbyusingthetechnology

68

theAmericansdrilledthefirstoilwellinPennsylvaniain1859.InChineseculture,bambooiswell-knownas

69

ofthe“fourgentlemen”inplants.Tomanydistinguishedmen,bambooisasymbolofgoodnessandhonesty.Itisalwayscloselyrelatedtopeopleofpositivespirits.Bambooculturecontributestoencouragingpeopletoholdonwhen

70

(face)toughsituations.參考答案：61.musical

62.application

63.led

64.an

65.made66.successfully 67.until 68.that

69.one 70.facing三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下面的短文，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Itwasahotsummerday．MydadandIweregettingreadytogooutforarideontheboatwithmyfriendKatieandthedogwhenthephonecallcame,thecallthatmadethatbright,beautifuldayacold,dark,gloomyone．Ihadjustputonmysuit,shorts,andtanktop,andpackedmybagwithsunscreenandeverythingelseIwouldneedfortheday．Iranintomyparents'roomtofindDad．WhenIsawhimonthephone,hewascrying．I'dneverseenmydadcrybefore．Myheartsank．Whatpossiblycouldhavehappened?"Max,I'msosorry,"Iheardhimsay．That'swhenithitme．IknewthatSuziehaddied．Maxhasbeenmydad'sbestfriendforyears．Suzie,hisdaughter,hadararediseasethatmainlyaffectedherbody．HerbrainwasOK．Sheknewwhatwasgoingon;sheknewthatshehadproblemsandwasdifferentfromotherkids．Onceshetoldherdadthatshewishedshecoulddieandbeborninadifferentbody．Yetalthoughshecouldn'tliveanormallife，shewasstillhappy．WhenSuzieandIwerelittle,wespentquiteabitoftimetogether．Aswegrewup,wegrewapart．ShelivedinNewYork,andIlivedintheMidwest．WhenSuziewastenshehadtoliveinahospitalinVirginia．Abouteightmonthsbeforeshedied,Maxgaveushernumberatthehospitalandwetalkedatleasttwiceaweekuntiltheend．Suziewasalwayssoexcitedtotalktousandwantedtoknoweverydetailaboutmylife．ShewantedtoknoweverythingIdidandeverythingIate．Inaway,shelivedthroughme．

Afterwefoundoutaboutherdeath,wemadeourplanstogotoNewYorkforthefuneral．Whenshewasalive,IsentheraBeanieBabyandshesentonebacktome．Ihadboughtheranotheronebutneverhadthechancetosendittoher,soItookittoputinhercasket（棺材）．HerfuneralwasverydifferentfromanyfuneralI'deverbeento．Aftertheyloweredhercasket,eachoneofusputashovelfulofdirtoverher．Iremembercryingsohard,Ifeltweak．Mycheeksburnedfromthetears．MywholebodywasshakingasIpickeduptheshovel,butI'mgladIdidit．WhenSuzieandIfirststartedcallingoneanother,Ithoughtitwouldbemoreofaburdenonme,butIwascompletelywrong．Ilearnedsomuchfromher．ShegavememorethanIcouldevergivetoher．