影響聽力的因素

影響聽力的因素1.語音知識(shí)的不足2.語法知識(shí)的不足3.詞匯知識(shí)的不足4.文化背景知識(shí)的不足5.心理因素Lesson

1第一節(jié)短對話部分解題技巧1、題型特征和解題技巧

【題型特征】①一般是一男一女對話②問題一般是特殊疑問句③8組對話，間隔15秒④提問內(nèi)容涉及：原因、態(tài)度、細(xì)節(jié)、數(shù)字、場景、關(guān)系、言外之意等解題技巧

①把握聽力關(guān)鍵詞（轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、時(shí)間、暗示等）W:IwasgreatlyimpressedbyFrank’soilpaintings.M:Butintheartofoilpaintings,Billisabovealltheothers.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?（D）A.Frank’soilpaintingarenotgoodatall.B.Frank’soilpaintingareasgoodasBill’s.C.NeitherFrank’snorBill’soilpaintingaregood.D.Bill’soilpaintingarebetterthanFrank’s.②加強(qiáng)對關(guān)鍵句型的敏感度（反問、建議等）1)理解反問句式的陳述含義

W:WherecanIfindabottleofink?M:Whydon’tyoutrytheshoponcampus?Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?2)理解虛擬語氣的相反含義W:PutyourgrandmotherinanOldPeople’sHome.Theywilllookafterher.M:Theywouldiftheycould.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?(D)A:Hisgrandmotherwillbetakengoodcareofthere.B:TherearenotenoughOldPeople’sHomes.C:Hisgrandmotherisnotwillingtobeputthere.D:Hisgrandmotherwillnotgetwhatsheneedsmostthere.③忽略次要信息和混淆內(nèi)容（反義疑問、量詞、特殊疑問等）M:IwonderifSuewillbehereby5O’clock.W:Herhusbandsaidshelefthomeat4:30.Sheshouldbehereat5:10,and5:15atthelatest.Q:WhattimedidSueleavehome?(C)A.5:15B.5:10C.4:30D.5:00④積累場景相關(guān)詞匯（家庭、學(xué)習(xí)、生活、工作、娛樂、用餐、天氣、購物、醫(yī)療、交通等）以及掌握一些口語中的常用短語、習(xí)語以及慣用法。例1M:IhearthattheresearchcenterhaschosenFrankasheadoftheteam.Isthattrue?W:Yousaidit.Buttheymusthavebeenoutofmindinthechoice!Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?(B)A:Theresearchcenterhasmadeagoodchoice.B:Theresearchcenterhasmadeastupidchoice.C:Theresearchcenterisenthusiasticaboutchoosingthehead.D:Theresearchcenterhasn’tmadeachoiceyet.例2M:let’sgoforawalk.W:I’dloveto,butIfeelabitundertheweather.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?(C)A:Theweatherismakingherfeelunwell.B:Shewouldliketogoforawalk.C:Shedoesn’tfeelwellenoughtgoforawalk.D:It’snotveryniceweatherforawalk.常用的口語詞組、習(xí)語和慣用法（A）ababyinarmsabigshotabirdinthebushabirdinthehandablacksheepablindalleyabornloserabosomfriendagoodcaseinpointabsenceofmindachickenguyagaydogaheadofscheduleamanofhiswordamanofmeansapawninthegameapieceofcakeaplainJaneanapplepolisheranswerthecallofnatureanyminuteapplyone’smindtoasalikeastwopeasasgoodasasgoodasgoldasrightasrainathandatalossatanyrateatsomebody’sbackatthetopoftheladder/tree具體地說，包括以下技巧：1.易混讀音（見書P33）2.表意功能強(qiáng)的詞、短語和句式3.常見話題中的短語與表達(dá)方式1).Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?2).Whatdoesthemanimply?3).Whatdoesthemanmean?4).Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?題型分類

1）地點(diǎn)與場所題

四級(jí)聽力?？际髨鼍埃簩W(xué)習(xí)選課場景、打工場景、天氣場景、看病場景、圖書館場景、論文場景、租房場景、出行場景、餐館場景、減肥場景。判斷對話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)，或判斷對話中某一方要去的地方，以及判斷第三者所在的位置等。這類測試通常比較簡單，提問的方式比較單一，選擇項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)明顯，一般四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)都是表示地點(diǎn)狀語的介詞短語。常見的提問方式是：

Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

Wherearethetwospeakersnow?

Wheredoyouthinkthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

Whereistheman/womangoing?

WhereisMarynow?相關(guān)詞匯和表達(dá)：Hotel：roomservice,doubleroom,reservation,book,frontdesk,bathroomreception，singleroom……Restaurant：menu，steak，order，salad，softdrink，dessert，soup，go

Dutch，beef，mutton，reservationLibrary：borrow,over-due,lend,

fine,renew,

catalogue，shelf，volumePostoffice：mail，parcel，airmail，registeredletter，post，postageStore：size，fashion，color，cash,counter，checkout，onsale，ofthesameprice,

bargainBank：openanaccount,drawonone'saccount,currentaccount,fixeddepositHospital：fever，pills，cough，tablet，headache，takemedicine，stomachache，temperature，prescribeSchool：Bachelor'sdegree，Master'sdegree，Doctor'sdegree，dormitory，semester，requiredcourse，elective/optionalcourse，credit，exam.Plane：flight，seatbelt，takeoff，land，boarding.例1A)Athome.

B)Attheriverside.

C)Atthehealthcenter.

D)Athisoffice.M：Hello,thisisJohnHopkinsattheRiversideHealthcenter.I'dliketospeaktoMr.Jones.

W：I‘msorry，Mr.Hopkins，myhusbandisn’tathome.ButI

cangiveyouhisofficephonenumber.Hewon‘tbebackuntil6o’clock.

Q：WheredoesMrs.Jonesthinkherhusbandisnow?例2A)Inabank.

B)Inaschool.

C)Inaclothingstore.

D)Inabarbershop.W：Youseemveryconfidentaboutthejobinterview，don‘tyou?

M：Yes，Ifeelreadyforit.Iboughtagoodsuitintheclothing

store.Ihadmyhaircut.Ihavestudiedalmosteverythingaboutfinance

andeconomics.

Q：Whereisthemanprobablygoingtowork?（A）例3A)Atabookingoffice.

B)InaHongKonghotel.

C)Onabusystreet.

D)Atanairport.W：CanIhelpyou，Sir?

M：Yes.Canyoushowmethewaytogate9forflight901toHong

Kong?I‘mquiteconfusedhere.

Q：Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?(D)2)職業(yè)、身份和相互關(guān)系題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往是4種不同職業(yè)或是表示兩個(gè)對話者之間關(guān)系的詞。如husbandandwife，bossandsecretary，librarianandstudent或customerandrepairman等。常見的提問方式是：

What‘stheman/woman?

Whatdoestheman/womando?

What‘stheman’s/woman‘sjob/profession/occupation?

What‘stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandwoman?

What‘stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?相關(guān)詞匯和表達(dá)：1、營業(yè)員與顧客(shopassistantandcustomer)

WhatcanIdoforyou?/onsale/CanIhelpyou?/outofstyle/ready-made/receipt/check-outstand/size/color/fit2、飯店服務(wù)員與顧客(waiter/waitressandcustomer)

menu/seasoning/order/treat/goDutch/steak/ham/bill/DutchTreat/reserve/makeareservation3、圖書管理員與學(xué)生(librarianandstudent)

borrow/renew/librarycard/librarycatalogue/loandesk/due/overdue/fine4、醫(yī)生與病人(doctorandpatient)

What‘swrong?/Whatseemstobethesymptom?/What’sthematter?/indigestion/stomach/beoperatedon/giveaninjection/chest

pain/feelwornout5、教師與學(xué)生(teacherandstudent)

tuition/registration/requiredcourse/compulsorycourse/optional

course/electivecourse/dropout/quitschool/credits/attendance/pass

course6、空姐與乘客(airhostessandpassenger)

takeoff/board/fastenseatbelt/land/depart/departuretime/extinguish

cigarettes7、老板與秘書(bossandsecretary)

copy/makearrangement/breakdown/inform例1A)Husbandandwife.

B)Fatheranddaughter

C)Doctorandpatient.

D)Teacherandstudent.W：Haveyoufoundanythingwrongwithmystomach?

M：Notyet.I‘mstillexamining.I’llletyouknowtheresult

nextweek.

Q：What‘stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?(C)例2A)Arailwayporter.

B)Ataxidriver.

C)Abusconductor.

D)Apostalclerk.W：Excuseme,Sir,I‘mgoingtosendthisparceltoLondon.What’sthepostageforit?

M：Letmesee.It‘sonepoundandfifty.

Q：Whoisthewomanmostprobablyspeakingto?(D)3）數(shù)字與計(jì)算題常見的計(jì)算題包括時(shí)間、價(jià)格、年齡、距離、速度等。出題形式可分為計(jì)算型、辨認(rèn)型和替換型。以加減計(jì)算題為主。相關(guān)詞匯與表達(dá)：

more，less，late，early，fast，slow，ahead

ofschedule，delay，postpone，decrease，bringforward，times，twice，double，aquarter，ahalf，thedaybeforeyesterday，halfanhour

例1

A)$1.40

B)$4.30

C)$6.40

D)$8.60W：Hereisaten-dollarbill.Givemetwoticketsfortonight'sshow，please.

M：Sure.Twoticketsandhere‘sadollarfortycentschange.

Q：Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?(D)

4）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度與反應(yīng)題涉及的主要是對話中男女雙方對某人某事的看法。選擇項(xiàng)中往往出現(xiàn)1.表示人的情感或態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞或形容詞等。如：beafraid，think，believe，feel，like等。2.表明人的喜、怒、哀、樂等情感的形容詞，如：excited，bored等。3.描述事物性質(zhì)的詞，如：big，small，cheap等。常見的提問方式有：

Whatdoestheman/womanthinkof…?

What‘stheiropinionof…?

Howdidtheman/womanfeelabout…?

Howdidtheman/womanfeel?例1A)Onthewhole，shelikedthefilm.

B)Shedidn‘tseethefilm.

C)Thefilmwasveryexciting.

D)Thefilmwasn‘tasgoodasshe’dexpected.M：Didyoulikethefilm?

W：Notparticularly.Iwasratherdisappointed.

I'dexpectedittobemuchmoreexciting

Q：