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Unit1What’sthematter?一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)1.What’sthematter?怎么啦?出什么事情了?【解析】matter/'m?t?(r))/n.問(wèn)題;事情What(yī)’sthematterwithyou?=What(yī)’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了?【注】:matter和trouble為名詞,其前可加the或形容詞性物主代詞,wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于詢問(wèn)某人有什么病或某人碰到什么麻煩、問(wèn)題其后跟詢問(wèn)對(duì)象時(shí),與介詞with連用。即:What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’syourtrouble?=What(yī)’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?—What’sthematterwithyou?—Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever發(fā)熱haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼,肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache頭疼3.身體部位+ache(疼痛)構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容詞,意為太......,toomuch+名詞,意為很多,大量。5.enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。goodenough足夠好,enoughmoney=muchmoney6.liedown躺下,lie躺,躺著,過(guò)去式lay;lie說(shuō)謊,過(guò)去式lied7.maybe“或許”,常用于句首,表達(dá)也許性,后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe,是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu),意為“也許,也許”,后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句:Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容詞,“聽(tīng)起來(lái),仿佛”,Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞,需要某物;needtodosth.需要做某事,主語(yǔ)通常是人,表達(dá)人積極的動(dòng)作:Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主語(yǔ)通常是物,表達(dá)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作:Yourdirtyclothesnee(cuò)dwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下(公交車)geton上車11.agree批準(zhǔn),贊同;agreewithsth.批準(zhǔn)某事如:Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.批準(zhǔn)某人的意見(jiàn)如:IagreetoLiLei.12.trouble問(wèn)題,麻煩;beintrouble碰到麻煩,maketrouble制造麻煩,havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做......有麻煩。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce,意為立即。14.advice[不可數(shù)名詞]勸告,建議,向…征求意見(jiàn),givesb.adviceonsth.就某事給某人建議;advise[動(dòng)詞]advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事advisesb.doingsth.【復(fù)習(xí)】exercise練習(xí)、鍛煉當(dāng)exercise意為“練習(xí)”時(shí),為可數(shù)名詞即可加s當(dāng)exercise意為“鍛煉”時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞即不加s16.hurt及物動(dòng)詞,使……疼痛,……受傷,Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物動(dòng)詞,……(部位)疼。Hisleghurtbadly.clean【動(dòng)詞】打掃,cleantheclassroom打掃教室,【形容詞】干凈的,cleaner意為清潔工。18.hit(用手或器具)打;擊打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背,on用在所打較硬的部位;hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打較軟的部位。beusedtosth./doingsth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了……、做某事,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài);Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“變得習(xí)慣,逐漸適應(yīng)……”強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程、動(dòng)作:It’sdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountry’shabit.20.【復(fù)習(xí)】free[形容詞]空閑的free(cuò)time;免費(fèi)的thedrinkisforfree(cuò);自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【動(dòng)詞】使……解脫,得到自由:Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完,用盡Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用盡了。人sb.runoutofsth.人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.22.risk(sb.)todosth.冒險(xiǎn)去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒險(xiǎn)23.theimportanceof(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要(性),importantadj.重要的,unimportantadj.不重要的decision【名詞】決定;抉擇;makeadecision做決定;makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.。25.beinthecontrolof…掌管,管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol無(wú)法控制,無(wú)法管理beundercontrol被控制住,在控制之中26.【復(fù)習(xí)】mind意為介意,minddoingsth.介意做某事,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?27.giveup(doing)sth.放棄(做)某事,giveup(playing)computergames;giveup后可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞ing形式,也可不接,如:Nevergiveupeasily.二、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法【反身代詞】英語(yǔ)中共有八個(gè)反身代詞,在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】1.可用作賓語(yǔ),指的是賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)表達(dá)同一個(gè)或同一些的人或事物。如:Mariaboughtherselfascarf.Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表語(yǔ),指的是表語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)表達(dá)同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。如:Sheisn’tquiteherselftoday.3.可用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ),常用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。如:SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastwee(cuò)k.4.用在某些固定短語(yǔ)當(dāng)中。lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顧自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自學(xué)enjoyoneself玩得快樂(lè),過(guò)得快樂(lè)helponeselftosth請(qǐng)自用……(隨便吃/喝些……).hurtoneself摔傷自己saytooneself自言自語(yǔ)leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨(dú)留下buyoneselfsth.給自己買……東西introduceoneself介紹……自己

【提醒】1.反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ),但可以做主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ),起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如:我自己能完畢作業(yè)。(誤)Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代詞表達(dá)“某人自己”不能表達(dá)“某人的東西”,由于它沒(méi)有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的(東西)”時(shí),須要用one’sown.如:我用我自己的蠟筆畫(huà)畫(huà)。(誤)I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks1.sick生病的,有病的;可在句中作表語(yǔ)Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定語(yǔ)asickchild【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義;但是只在句中做表語(yǔ),不做定語(yǔ)。Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.2.cheer(sb.)up(讓某人)變得快樂(lè);振奮起來(lái)Thegoodnewscheeredupeveryoneinourclass.3.giveout分發(fā);散發(fā),相稱于handout,Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.givesth.outtosb.意為把某物分發(fā)給某人。4.volunteer【名詞】志愿者【動(dòng)詞】義務(wù)做,自愿做(某事)volunteertodosth.自愿做某事,Thegirlscouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram.5.usedtodosth.過(guò)去/曾經(jīng)(常)做某事,表達(dá)過(guò)去的習(xí)慣、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。Thereusedtobeacinemahere.這里曾有一個(gè)照相機(jī)。Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他們告訴我關(guān)于這里過(guò)去的故事。6.alone【形容詞】獨(dú)自一人的,無(wú)感情色彩:Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.lonely(感到)孤獨(dú)寂寞的,帶有很強(qiáng)的感情色彩,可做表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.7.careforsb./sth.照顧;照料……care【名詞】小心,關(guān)心takecareof=lookafter→【動(dòng)詞】careaboutsb./sth.關(guān)心,在意某人/事→【形容詞】careful仔細(xì)的/careless粗心的→【副詞】carefully仔細(xì)地8.such“這樣的,這種,如此”,用于修飾名詞such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞:suchagoodday多么美好的一天/suchanexcitingmatch多么精彩的比賽such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞:suchimportantdecisions多么重要的建議suchdeliciousfood多么美味的食物假如名詞前被many,much,few,little修飾時(shí),只能用so,而不用such:somanysickchildren/solittletime9.tryoutfor…參與…選拔,爭(zhēng)取成為…ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.tryout試用,實(shí)驗(yàn)10.journey【名詞】(尤指長(zhǎng)途)旅行,行程;trip【名詞】多指短途旅行;travel【名詞、動(dòng)詞】travelaroundtheworld→【名詞】traveler旅行者11.【復(fù)習(xí)】bebusywithsth.忙于(做)什么事情bebusydoingsth.忙于(做)什么事情12.【復(fù)習(xí)】trydoingsth.試著去做某事trytodosth.盡力去做某事tryone’sbest(todosth.)盡某人最大的努力去做某事13.【復(fù)習(xí)】beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.緊張某人、某事14.raisemoney集資,籌錢(qián);raisemoneyfor…為……籌錢(qián)raise【動(dòng)詞】舉起;提高;募集15.keep【動(dòng)詞】keep+名詞,保存(某物);keep+形容詞,保持16.【形容詞】broken破損的,出毛病的;blind瞎的,失明的;deaf聾的;disabled有殘疾的,喪失能力的;在句中做定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。makeitpossible(forsb.)todosth.使(某人)做某事成為也許,YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.makeit+形容詞(+forsb.)todosth.使(某人)做某事成為…;think/findit+形容詞todosth.18.makeadifferenceto…對(duì)……有影響;對(duì)……有作用,difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修飾,如Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.19.difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表達(dá)抽象意義的“困難”時(shí)為不可數(shù);表達(dá)具體的“難題、難事”時(shí)為可數(shù);havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難20.train【動(dòng)詞】訓(xùn)練,trained為過(guò)去分詞,可做定語(yǔ),意為“受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的”at(yī)raineddog21.beexcitedaboutsth.對(duì)某事感到興奮,Everyoneisexcitedaboutthegoodnews.【復(fù)習(xí)】excited意為興奮的,修飾人;exciting意為令人興奮/激動(dòng)的,修飾物。22.order【名詞】命令,指示;順序,順序【動(dòng)詞】訂購(gòu);點(diǎn)(菜)followtheorder。23.change【動(dòng)詞】變化,改變It’shardforapersontochangehislife(style).【名詞】變化;零錢(qián)changeAforB用A換成B:WhenyoutravelinChina,remembertochangeUSdollarsforRMB.repair【動(dòng)詞】修理,修補(bǔ);fix【動(dòng)詞】安裝;使固定【fixup修理=repair】Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得,你能把垃圾倒了嗎?Couldyoupleasedosth?請(qǐng)你(做)......好嗎?用于提出請(qǐng)求,希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答,說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣比較客氣委婉。Could不是can的過(guò)去式,是委婉、禮貌的說(shuō)法。回答用can.【常用答語(yǔ)】肯定回答:Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否認(rèn)回答:Sorry,Ican’t2、takeout取出(v+adv)【注】:跟代詞做賓語(yǔ),代詞放中間;跟名詞做賓語(yǔ),可放在中間,也可放在后邊Histeethhurtbadly.Thedentisttakethemout.【短語(yǔ)】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走,取走takeback收回takeplace發(fā)生takeoff脫下;起飛3.Canyoudothedishes.?那你可以洗盤(pán)子嗎?dothedishes洗碗【結(jié)構(gòu)1】dothe+名詞:dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【結(jié)構(gòu)2】dothe+動(dòng)詞-ingdothecleaning打掃衛(wèi)生【結(jié)構(gòu)3】doone’s+名詞doone’shousework/homework做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè)【結(jié)構(gòu)4】dosome+動(dòng)詞-ingdosomereading/shopping讀寫(xiě)書(shū)/購(gòu)物CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少讓我看完這個(gè)節(jié)目可以嗎?1】CouldIdoasth?我可以做......嗎?用于表達(dá)請(qǐng)求,語(yǔ)氣比較委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?2】atleast至少,多指數(shù)量或限度上的最低限度。(反)atmost至少,不超過(guò)Nowallofusexerciseat(yī)leastanhouradayandoutsideschool.3】finishv結(jié)束;完畢finishdoingsth做完某事—Canyoufinish__reading__thesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.5、IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我覺(jué)得你看兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。1】twohoursofTV表達(dá)時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量等詞語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),通常被視作整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyears__is___(dá)__(be)reallyashorttime.作形容詞作形容詞足夠的,充足的(在句中作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ))【解析2】enoughIdon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.作副詞作副詞 足夠;充足(放在形容詞;副詞后)Theriverisdee(cuò)penoughforswimming.【記】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修飾名詞時(shí),置于名詞前;修飾形容詞時(shí),置于形容詞之后。6、Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好,再把碗洗了嗎?【解析】takeout拿出;取出take的用法:拿;取 Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.拿;取吃;喝;服用?吃;喝;服用Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.乘(車;船等)take 乘(車;船等)Theyusuallytakethebustowork.花費(fèi)(時(shí)間;金錢(qián))花費(fèi)(時(shí)間;金錢(qián))Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.【拓展】take構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ):takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顧takeoff脫下;起飛takeup占據(jù)takedown拿下takeone’stime不急;慢慢來(lái)takeone’stemperature量體溫7.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面,我媽媽就過(guò)來(lái)了?!窘馕?】theminute=assoonas“一......就......”P(pán)leasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontofinfrontof指在物體外部的前面infrontofThereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.inthefrontof【辨析】inthefrontof指在物體內(nèi)部的前面Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom【記】Thedriversat_____(dá)inthefrontof____(dá)_____(dá)__thecar.Thepolicemanstood___infrontof__(dá)__(dá)____thecar.【注意】有the無(wú)the區(qū)別大:at(yī)table吃飯;進(jìn)餐inhospital住院atthetabel在桌邊inthehospital在醫(yī)院(不一定看病)【解析3】comeover過(guò)來(lái)【拓展】come短語(yǔ):comeacross(偶爾)發(fā)現(xiàn)comeback回來(lái)comeupwith想出cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)comedown下來(lái)comefrom=befrom來(lái)自,出生于comein/into進(jìn)入,進(jìn)來(lái)comeon趕緊,加油comealong走吧,過(guò)來(lái),快點(diǎn)comeandgo來(lái)來(lái)去去comeup上來(lái)comeout出來(lái),(花)開(kāi),(照片)沖洗出來(lái)7.YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你總是看電視,從不幫忙做家務(wù)!allthetime=always一直;總是8.I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你同樣累!【解析】as...as...和......同樣......9.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的時(shí)間,她不做任何家務(wù),我也不做。【解析】neither+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)“某人(主語(yǔ))也不”⑴neither兩者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,連接兩個(gè)詞做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由后一個(gè)主語(yǔ)擬定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表達(dá)“…也不……”則用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”—Thefirstonewasn’tbad.—Neitherwasthesecond.10.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天,媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔?!窘馕觥縡ind+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)【注】find→found→foundv尋找(1)findsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難Shefound_it__h(yuǎn)ardtofinishtheworkbyherself.11.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃驚地問(wèn)道?!窘馕觥縤nsurprise驚奇地;吃驚地surprisev使吃驚→surprisingadj.令人吃驚的→surprisedadj.吃驚的toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地besurprisedat對(duì)……感到吃驚Tomysurprise_(使我吃驚的是),hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.12.“I’mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome.”Ireplied.“對(duì)不起,媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個(gè)干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來(lái)分擔(dān)家務(wù)?!蔽一卮鹫f(shuō)?!窘馕?】needv需要用于肯定句,是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。(1)人做主語(yǔ),sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事(2)物做主語(yǔ),sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone用于否認(rèn)句或疑問(wèn)句,是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1)needn’t=don’thaveto沒(méi)有必要(2)nee(cuò)d,must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句,肯定會(huì)的用must,否認(rèn)回答用needn’t—MustIgotherenow?—Yes,youmust/No,youneedn’t【解析2】share分享;共用sharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.與某人分享某物13.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎?【解析】hangout閑逛hangup把......懸掛/掛起14.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎?【解析】pass⑴v給;遞;走過(guò);通過(guò)passsb.sth把某物遞給某Passon傳遞Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通過(guò);路過(guò)Ipassyourhome.⑶v通過(guò)(考試);及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.15.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本書(shū)看嗎、Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些錢(qián)嗎?【解析】borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow借入,與from連用,尤指主語(yǔ)“【借進(jìn)來(lái)”】borrowsthfromsb.從某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出,與to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借給某人Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.(3)keep保存,保存(延續(xù)動(dòng)詞,可以與表達(dá)一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用)【指借一段時(shí)間】16.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.我的手指割傷了,傷口不能弄濕。【解析】try(not)todosth努力(不)做某事。tryv試圖,設(shè)法,努力【拓展】(1)tryon試穿(2)trytodosth努力做某事【側(cè)重盡力做】(3)trydoingsth試圖做某事【側(cè)重嘗試做】(4)tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth盡某人最大努力做某事17.Ihatetodochores.我討厭做家務(wù)。hatetodosth討厭做某事,表達(dá)某次具體行為或動(dòng)作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不樂(lè)意做某事表達(dá)經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性行為或動(dòng)作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.18.CouldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?那我能請(qǐng)求你幫我做些雜活嗎?【解析】asksb.todosth規(guī)定某人做某事。askfor請(qǐng)求,要某物asksb.aboutsth向某人詢問(wèn)關(guān)于某事(1)asksb.forhelp向某人請(qǐng)求幫助(2)asksb.(not)todosth請(qǐng)求某人做某事ask構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ):短語(yǔ)含義asksb.todosth請(qǐng)某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不讓某人做某事asksbforsth向某人要某物askforhelp尋求幫助19.I’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.當(dāng)你幫我洗盤(pán)子的時(shí)候,我將完畢我的家庭作業(yè)。【解析1】finishdoingsth完畢某事—Canyoufinish_reading__thesebooksbefore10o’clock?—Yes,Ican.【解析2】whileconj.“在……期間;當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”While引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。_While__thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.【解析3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上幫助某人?!咀ⅰ縣elpv幫助→helpfuladj.有幫助的(1)helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事(2)withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp在某人的幫助之下(3)withoutthehelpof沒(méi)有在…的幫助之下①Ithinkreadingisvery__helpful___(dá)_(help).②__Without____yourhelp,wecouldn’tcatchthethief.20.CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友們來(lái)聚會(huì)嗎?【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀請(qǐng)某人去某地【解析】invitev→invitationn邀請(qǐng)(1)invitesb.todosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地點(diǎn)邀請(qǐng)某人去某地21.Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)?!窘馕觥縨akesb.dosth讓某人做某事make→made→madev.做,制作,使得(1)makesb/sth+形容詞“讓某人或某物…”makeyouhappy(2)makesb/sthdosth使某人做某事makemelaugh.Colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus_feel__(dá)happyorsad,energeticorslee(cuò)p.22.Theydon’thavetimetostudyanddohousework,too.他們也沒(méi)有時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)?!窘馕觥浚瑁醰etimetodosth.有時(shí)間做某事havetime=befree有空23.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時(shí)間?!窘馕觥縜wasteof浪費(fèi)awasteoftime浪費(fèi)時(shí)間awasteofmoney浪費(fèi)金錢(qián)wastev“浪費(fèi)”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢(qián)Don’t____waste____(dá)__wat(yī)er.Can’tyouseethesign“savewater”?24.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成績(jī)并考上一所好大學(xué),他們應(yīng)當(dāng)把時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上?!窘馕?】spend...onsth在某事上花費(fèi)......spend/pay/cost/take花費(fèi)(1)spend→spent→spentv花費(fèi),主語(yǔ)是人◆sb.+spend+時(shí)間/錢(qián)+onsth◆sb.+spend+時(shí)間/錢(qián)+(in)doingsth◆spendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.Myfather__(dá)spent___(dá)onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.(2)pay→paid→paidv支付,主語(yǔ)是人◆sb.+pay+錢(qián)+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.—Howmuchdidyou__pay__forthiscomputer?—Fivehundreddollars.(3)cost→cost→costv花費(fèi),主語(yǔ)是某物或某事◆sthcostsb.+錢(qián)某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢(qián)Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It___cost_me120yuan.(4)take→took→takenv花費(fèi)◆Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto“目的是;為了”后接動(dòng)詞原形。inordertodosth為了做某事Heranquicklyinordernot__tobe___lateforthemeeting.【解析3】getinto=enter進(jìn)入【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):getup起床getback返回getover克服getdressed穿衣getinto進(jìn)入get/belost丟失getoff/on下/上車getonwellwithsb.與某人相處得好getoutof從…出來(lái)getwarm變曖getreadyfor+n.為…做準(zhǔn)備getreadytodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事getwell康復(fù)getachance有機(jī)會(huì)、得到機(jī)會(huì)get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡相關(guān):(beasleep睡著)25.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousrworksothere’snoneedforthemtodoitnow.并且,當(dāng)他們長(zhǎng)大的時(shí)候,他們也將會(huì)做家務(wù),因此,他們沒(méi)必要現(xiàn)在在做?!窘馕觥縢etolder長(zhǎng)大get/become/go辨析:=1\*GB2\*MERGEFORMAT⑴get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級(jí)連用。Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.=2\*GB2\*MERGEFORMAT⑵become強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果It'sbecomingcolderandcolder.=3\*GB2\*MERGEFORMAT⑶go+adj.''表達(dá)令人不快的事情gobad變壞,goblind變瞎,gohungry挨餓26.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanfortableenvironmentat(yī)homefortheirchildren.在家為孩子們提供一個(gè)干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)。【解析】providesth.forsb.為某人提供某物providev提供providesb.withsth.(sb前介詞用for)=providesthforsb.(sth前需加介詞with)供應(yīng)某人某物相稱于:offersb.sth.=offersthtovide為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“提供;供應(yīng)”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offer側(cè)重表達(dá)“樂(lè)意給予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.對(duì)某人提供某物offertodosth積極提出干某事supply定期“供應(yīng)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.為某人提供某物①TheInternetprovidesus_with__(dá)alotof_information___wenee(cuò)d.②—Couldyoupleaseprovideus_with___(dá)someinformationaboutthestudents’health?—Ofcourse,it’smypleasure.27.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.無(wú)論如何,我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不那么難。【解析】anyway無(wú)論如何,(一般放在句首,用逗號(hào)和句子隔開(kāi))28.Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.我認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō),學(xué)習(xí)如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的?!窘馕觥縄tisimportantforsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是重要的29.Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母?!窘馕觥縟ependon依靠;信賴——Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow?——Well,itall__(dá)_dependson____theweather.30....Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每個(gè)人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整潔。【解析1】doone’spart盡職責(zé);盡本分Doone’spartindoingsth在做某事上盡職責(zé)【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+adj.“使......處在某種狀態(tài)”Hermotheraskedhertokeepthewindows__open__andthedoor__(dá)closed__(dá).keep系動(dòng)詞“保持”keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞“保持;繼續(xù)”keep(on)doingsth繼續(xù)做某事Hewasingreat(yī)painbuthekeptonworkingHekepton__talking__(dá)aftertheballrangforclass.(2)keepsb.Doingsth讓某人一直做某事I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Myteacherkeptme__doing___(dá)homeworkalltheafternoon.31.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做雜務(wù)不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约?。【解析】developindependence培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識(shí)developv→developmentn發(fā)展→developingadj.發(fā)展的→developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的adevelopingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家adevelopedcountry一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家Chinaisa__developing___country.32.Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個(gè)房子里,他們應(yīng)當(dāng)知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)參與?!窘馕觥縮inceconj.既然(表達(dá)對(duì)方已知的事實(shí)或理由,常放在句首).—YouhavebeeninNeijiangverylong?—Yeah.__Since___myparentscamehere.33.Ourneighbor’ssongotintoagoodcollegebutduringhisfirstyear,hehadnideahowtotakecareofhimself.我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學(xué),但是在第一年的時(shí)候,他還不知道如何照顧自己。takecareof照顧Thanksforyourinvitation,butI’msosorryIcan’tgo.Ineedto__(dá)_takecareof__(dá)_mybabyathome.【拓展】與take相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):takephotos/pictures照像takeaway拿走takeout取出(workout算出)takecare當(dāng)心takeawalk散步takemedicine服藥takeplace發(fā)生takeone’stemperat(yī)ure量體溫takeone’stime別著急34.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.結(jié)果,他經(jīng)常生病,功課也落下了。【解析1】asaresult結(jié)果(插入語(yǔ),放在句首,用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi))Don’taskhimtoolateintothenight,__Asaresult__(dá)_,heisonlyasmallchild.【解析2】fallill生病fallasleep入睡35.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立,對(duì)他們的未來(lái)越好?!窘馕觥縯he+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)“越......越......”Themoreyousmile,the___happier____youwillfeel.Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?你為什么不和你打父母談?wù)勀?【解析】Whydon'tyoudosth?=Whynotdosth?為什么不......呢?【拓展】用于提建議的句型有:(1)Whataboutdoingsth?=Howaboutdoingsth?….怎么樣?(2)Whydon’tyoudosth?=Whynotdosth?為什么不呢?(3)Let’sdosth.讓我們一起做某事吧。(4)Shallwe/Idosth?我們做…好嗎?(5)hadbetterdo/notdosth最佳做/不做某事(6)Will/Wouldyoupleasedosth請(qǐng)你做…好嗎?(7)Wouldyouliketodosth?你想去做某事嗎?(8)Wouldyouminddoingsth?你介意做某事嗎?【回答】(1).批準(zhǔn)對(duì)方的建議時(shí),一般用:◆Goodidea./That’sgoodidea.好主意◆OK/Allright./Great(yī)好/行/太好了◆Yes,please./I’dloveto是的/我樂(lè)意◆Iagreewithyou我批準(zhǔn)你的見(jiàn)解◆Noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題◆Sure/Ofcourse/Certainly當(dāng)然可以◆Yes,Ithinkso對(duì),我也這樣想(2).對(duì)對(duì)方的幫助或規(guī)定表達(dá)委婉謝絕時(shí),一般用:◆Idon’tthinkso我認(rèn)為不是這樣◆Sorry,Ican’t對(duì)不起,我不能◆I’dloveto,but…◆I’mafraid…我樂(lè)意,但恐怕……IhavetostudytoomuchsoIdon’tgetenoughsleep.我要學(xué)的太多,因此我睡眠局限性?!窘馕?】(1)toomany+復(fù)數(shù)名詞許多toomanypeople(2)toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞許多toomuchhomework(3)muchtoo+形容詞太…muchtoocoldMyparentsdon’tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.我的父母不允許我和我的朋友們出去閑逛。【解析】allowsb.todosth允許某人做某事【拓展】allowv允許allowdoingsth允許做某事Theydon’tallowsmoking.a(chǎn)llowsb.todosth允許某人做某事MymotherallowsmetowatchTV.beallowedtodosth被允許做某事【拓展】allow與let的辨析:allow指“允許”,表達(dá)“默許,聽(tīng)任,不加阻止”,allowsbtodosth允許某人做某事。Let指“讓”,letsbdosth讓某人做某事,語(yǔ)意較弱,多用于口語(yǔ)中,let不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4.What’swrong?怎么啦?【解析】What’swrong(withsb./sth)(某人/物)怎么了?I’mreallytriedbecauseIstudieduntilmidnightlastnight.我真的很累,由于我昨天晚上一直學(xué)習(xí)到半夜?!窘馕觥縰ntil直到......時(shí)【解析】gotosleep去睡覺(jué)(強(qiáng)調(diào)“入睡,睡著”這一動(dòng)作)7.Youlooksad,Kim.金,你看起來(lái)很傷心?!窘馕觥縧ook看起來(lái)(系動(dòng)詞,后跟形容詞作賓語(yǔ))【拓展】:系動(dòng)詞:后跟adj.作表語(yǔ)一是:(be)am/is/arebequiet=keepquiet保持安靜二保持:stay/keep(表達(dá)連續(xù)狀態(tài))stayhealthy=keephealthy保持健康三變化:become/get/turn(表達(dá)狀態(tài)變化)五起來(lái):sound/look/smell/taste/feel(表達(dá)感覺(jué))【解析】callup(v+adv)callon拜訪;號(hào)召IcallupmyparentseverySunday.9.Well,Ifoundmysisterlookingthroughmythingsyesterday.哦,昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我妹妹翻了我的東西?!窘馕?】findsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事Mr.WangfoundLiDongreadingastorybookintheclass.類似動(dòng)詞:hear,watch,see(cuò),fee(cuò)l【拓展】與look相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):lookforlookafter=takecareoflooklikelookthesamelookoverlookthroughlookoutlookuplookaroundlookforwardto10.Yes,butI’mstillangrywithher.是的,但是我仍然很生她的氣?!窘馕觥縝eangrywithsb.生某人的氣【拓展】angryadj.氣憤的→angrilyadv.氣憤地(1)beangrywithsb.=bemadatsb.對(duì)某人氣憤【with后接人】(2)beangryat/aboutsth對(duì)某事感到氣憤【at后接事】(3)beangrytodosth做某事感到氣憤11.Althoughshe’swrong,It’snotabigdeal.盡管她錯(cuò)了,但也不是什么大錯(cuò)。【解析1】although=though盡管,用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。【注】though/although不能與but連用【拓展】although/however辨析⑴althoughconj,“雖然;即使;縱然”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)放在主句前后都可。Althoughheisveryold,yetheisquitestrong.他雖然年紀(jì)大了,但身體還很健壯。⑵howeveradv,在句中作插入語(yǔ),起一個(gè)連詞的作用,一般用逗號(hào)與句子分開(kāi),可以放在句首或句中,意為“然而,盡管如此”。It’sraininghard,However,Ithinkweshouldgoout.雨下的很大。盡管如此,我認(rèn)為我們還應(yīng)當(dāng)出去?!窘馕?】It’snotabigdeal.沒(méi)什么大不了;不是什么大事(常用于口語(yǔ)中)Youleftyourhomeworkathome.你把作業(yè)忘在家里了?!窘馕觥浚靍avev遺忘,留下leavesth.somewhere把某物忘在某地leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨(dú)留下12.Hopethingsworkout.希望事情順利解決?!窘馕?】hopev希望hopetodosthIhopetovisitGuilin.hope+that從句(表達(dá)希望)Ihopethatyou’llbebettersoonwishv希望wishtodosthIwishtovisitGuilin.wishsb.todosth希望某人做某事Iwishyoutogo.wish+that從句表達(dá)愿望,從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣IwishIwereyou.【解析2】workout解決;成功地發(fā)展,后跟fine,well,badly等詞,表白產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果如何。計(jì)算出(答案、數(shù)量、價(jià)格等)計(jì)算出(答案、數(shù)量、價(jià)格等)Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout制定出(計(jì)劃等)制定出(計(jì)劃等)Ihaveworkedoutanewwayofdoingit.workout解決;找出解決;找出…的答案Thegovernmenthasmanyproblemstoworkout.13.MyproblemisIcan’tgetonwithmyfavorite.我的問(wèn)題是我不能喝我的家人和睦相處。【解析】getonwithsb.和某人和睦相處;和某人關(guān)系良好=getalongwithgetonwell/badlywith相處的好/壞14.Whentheyargue,it’slikeabig,blackcloudhangingoverourhome.當(dāng)他們爭(zhēng)吵的時(shí)候,就像有一大團(tuán)烏云籠罩在我們家?!窘馕觯薄縜rgue爭(zhēng)吵→argumentn爭(zhēng)論haveanargumentwithsb.與某人辯論arguewithsb.與某人爭(zhēng)吵arguewithsb.aboutsth為某事與某人爭(zhēng)吵argueaboutsth爭(zhēng)論某事argueagainst爭(zhēng)辯;反對(duì)Hearguedagainsttheplan【解析2】hangover掛在......之上;懸浮在......之上hangout閑逛;常去某處Helikesreadingandheoftenhangsoutinthebookshop.hangonto緊緊抓住You’dbetterhangontomeinthecrowd.hangup掛電話;懸掛Aftershefinishedherconversation15.Also,myelderbrotherisnotverynicetome.【解析】elderadj.年紀(jì)較長(zhǎng)的Hiselderbrotherisill.elder用來(lái)表達(dá)兄弟姐妹及子女之間的長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系,常用作定語(yǔ)older泛指新舊、老幼或年齡的大小關(guān)系,可以用作表語(yǔ),是old的比較級(jí)形式。【解析2】benicetosb.對(duì)某人和諧befriendlytosb.begoodtosb.16.HealwaysrefusestoletmewatchmyfavoriteTVshow.他總是拒絕讓我看我最喜歡的電視節(jié)目?!窘馕觥浚騟fuse=saynotov拒絕refusetodosth拒絕去做某事17.Insteadhewatcheswhat(yī)everhewantsuntillateat(yī)night.相反,他卻想看什么酒看什么,一直到深夜?!窘馕?】instead代替,反而,替(1)instead副詞,代替,常放在句首或句尾,表達(dá)前面的事情沒(méi)做,而做了后面的事情。LeewasillsoIwentinstead.李病了,所以我去了。(2)insteadof+n/doing代替,而不是,放在句中insteadof為介詞短語(yǔ),后面一般接名詞、代詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)名詞形式。Shewrotetohiminsteadofcallinghim.=Shedidn’tcallhim.Shewrotetohiminstead.她沒(méi)有給他打電話,而是給他寫(xiě)了封信?!窘馕?】whatever=nomatterwhat(yī)任何,每一【解析】offertodosth積極提出做某事【拓展】offerv積極給予(1)offertodosth積極提出做某事(2)offersb.sth=offersthtosb.積極提供應(yīng)某人某物19.Secondly,whydon’tyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrother?另一方面,你為什么不能坐下來(lái)和你的哥哥交流一下呢?【解析1】secondlyadv.第二;另一方面【解析2】communicatev交流communicationn交流;溝通communicat(yī)ewithsb.和某人交流20.Youshouldexplainthatyoudon’tmindhimwatchingTVallthetime.你應(yīng)當(dāng)跟他解釋說(shuō)你并不介意他一直看電視?!窘馕觥縠xplain解釋;說(shuō)明→explanationn解釋;說(shuō)明explainsthtosb.向某人解釋某事。explaintosbsth給某人解釋某事21.I’mworriedaboutmyschoolgrades.我很膽小我的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)。【解析】beworriedaboutsth.緊張某事【拓展】worryv緊張→worriedadj.焦急的worryabout=beworriedabout為……緊張22.Mycousinborrowsmythingswithoutreturningthem.我堂弟借我東西沒(méi)有還我?!窘馕觥縭eturn⑴v歸還=givebackreturn...to...=givebackto...把......還給......⑵v回來(lái);返回=comeback23.Myparentsgivemealotofpresureaboutschool.我父母在學(xué)習(xí)上給了我很多壓力?!窘馕觥縫ressv按;壓→pressure壓力⑴不可數(shù)名詞(物理學(xué))壓力airpressure氣壓bloodpressure血壓⑵不可數(shù)名詞還可指精神上、外界施加的壓力=stressunderpressure在壓力下24.Ihavetocompetewithmyclassmatesatschool.在學(xué)校我不得不和我的同學(xué)們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)?!窘馕觥縞ompetev競(jìng)爭(zhēng);對(duì)抗→competitionn競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competewithsb.和某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competeagainst/with與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competefor為……參與比賽【解析】improve=make...better改善→imp

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