高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版Unit3Amazingpeople重點(diǎn)詞匯講解3

Unit3AmazingpeopleI.詞語(yǔ)辨析：1、with/by/in：均可解釋為“用”，但有區(qū)別：with：指用“工具”.MostofuswritewithourrighthandsYoucanmakesomesentenceswiththesewords.by：指用“方式、手段”.Hemakesalivingbyrepairingbikesforpassers-by.Thiscarismadebyhand.(手工的）Shecameherebybike,notbybus.in：指用“材料”。.incash,inletters,inwords….Hewritesininkwhileshewritesinpencil.WeexpressourselvesinEnglishwords.2、disturb/interruptdisturb：妨礙、打擾、擾亂、使心神不寧.Loudnoiseswilldisturbourstudies.I’llbeverysorryifI’mdisturbingyou.Serrupt：打斷、中斷（工作、談話(huà)或正在進(jìn)行的事）.Sorrytointerruptyou,butIhavesthimportanttotellyou.Wehavetointerruptourworktodiscusstheproblem.Idon’tlikebeinginterruptedwhilespeaking.3、agreatdealof/agoodmany/alotof/scoresof/dozensof/alargenumberof/numbersof/plentyof/alargeamountofagoodmany/scoresof/dozensof/alargenumberof/numbersof：只用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。.Agoodmanystudentshaveseenthefilmalready.Numbersofbookshavebeendonatedtotheorphanhome.agreatdealof和alargeamountof：均用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞。.Agreatdealof/alargeamountofwateriswasted.Hehasspentagreatdealof/alargeamountofmoneyontheexperiment.alotof/lotsof/plentyof：既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。.alotof/lotsof/plentyofmoney/books/people/time/questions…注：many/some/several等數(shù)詞，一般在它們后面直接接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。但假如后面的名詞前使用了1）人稱(chēng)代詞2）指示代詞3）冠詞，或者后面接的不是名詞，而是代詞，則必須在many/some/several后面用介詞“of.”。Manyofthestudentsinourclassarefromtown.SomeofthemhavebeentoBeijingonceortwiceII.重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)和句型1、workas：充當(dāng)、擔(dān)任,=actas.Heworkedasacommanderduringthewar.SheworksasourEnglishteacher.workon：從事……、搞……(具體的事）.Heworksonthewallnewspaperinourclass.Mymotherisworkingonanewsreportthesedays.workat：在……（地方）上班、從事……（籠統(tǒng)的事）.Thescientistisworkingatanewinvention.Sheisworkinghardatherlessons.work的短語(yǔ)：beatwork：在工作、在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；inwork：有職業(yè)、有工作；offwork：在休假、沒(méi)去上班；outofwork：失業(yè)中、沒(méi)工作；settowork：開(kāi)始工作2、marry：vt.結(jié)婚、娶、嫁.HemarriedMarylastSummerandtheyareanicecouple.“Willyoumarryme,John?”Kateaskedearnestly.注：指“結(jié)婚”這件事，我們用：getmarried.Theygotmarriedfiveyearsagoandstillhavenochild.Thetwowillgetmarriednextspring.bemarried：（處于）已婚（狀態(tài)）.Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedforfiftyyears.Areyoumarriedorsingle?be/getmarriedtosb.：娶、嫁了某人.Shewasmarriedtoarichyoungman.Theyoungmangotmarriedtoarichladyyearsago.marriage：婚姻.Theirmarriagemadetheirparentsangry.3、contact：n.接觸、交往，與with連用。beincontactwith：與……有來(lái)往、有聯(lián)系.Heisstillincontactwithhisformerwife.Areyoustillincontactwiththem?getincontactwithsb.：與……聯(lián)系=getintouchwithsb..Ihavebeentryingtogetincontactwithhim,buthavefailedsofar.keepincontactwithsb.：與……保持聯(lián)系=keepintouchwithsb..Ihavekeptincontactwiththemforalongtime.makecontactwithsb.：聯(lián)絡(luò)某人vt.contactsb.：與……聯(lián)系、聯(lián)絡(luò).HowcanIcontactyouwhenIarriveatthestation?4、survive：vt.survivesth.：經(jīng)歷……還活著、由……中生還.Onlyatwo-year-oldboysurvivedthecaraccident.Fewhousesintheareasurvivedthehurricane.vt.survivesb.：比……長(zhǎng)壽、在失去……之后還存在.Thelittlegirlsurvivedherparents.Therichmanwassurvivedbyhiswifeandson.5、relateto：和……有關(guān).Yourwordshardlyrelatetowhatwearediscussingnow.Thereportrelatestothesaleofthetallbuilding.relateAtoB：把A和B聯(lián)系起來(lái)。.ItishardforustorelateTomtosuchbadthings.Canyourelatewhathesaidtowhathedid?berelatedto：和……有關(guān)、有聯(lián)系、有親戚關(guān)系.Areyourelatedtotherichlady?Theyounggirlissaidtoberelatedtothefirelastnight.TheBlacksarerelatedtotheSmithsbymarriage.related：相關(guān)的、有關(guān)系的.Heaskedmesomemorequestionsrelatedtotheproblem.relation：關(guān)系、親戚.Theirrelationappearstobequiteslight.What’stherelation(ship)betweenyouandthatoldman?maintaingoodrelationwithsb.：和……保持良好關(guān)系.Theyhavemaintainedgoodrelationwitheachotheraftergraduation.inrelationto：和……聯(lián)系起來(lái)（談、講）.Pricesarehighinrelationtomysalary.Hedoesagoodjobinrelationtohisage.relationship：關(guān)系.What’stherelationshipbetweenyouandthatyounglady?Hisrelationshiptohisparentsisabittense.relative：親戚、相對(duì)的.Heisoneofmyrelativesintheworld.Nothingisfixedintheworld,everythingisrelative.6、record：n.記錄、唱片.betterarecord：刷新紀(jì)錄；beat/breakarecord：破紀(jì)錄；establish/setupanewworldrecord：創(chuàng)新的世界紀(jì)錄Iliketolistentorecordofpopsongs.vt.記錄、記下、記載.Thistaperecorderhasrecordedeverythingyousaidjustnow.Manyancientbooksrecordedthatthereweremanythingsthathappenedintheseplaces.7、inspire：vt.鼓舞、鼓勵(lì)inspiresb.(todosth.).Whathesaidinspiredus(tostudyevenharder).Mother’sencouragingeyesinspiredmetotryagain.inspiring：鼓舞的、激勵(lì)的.Hisinspiringspeechimpressedusdeeply.inspiration：給予激勵(lì)的人或事HisbrotherwhoisnowstudyinginQinghuaUniversityisaconstantinspirationtohim.8、apply：申請(qǐng)、運(yùn)用applytosb.forsth.：向某人申請(qǐng)…….Haveyouapplytotheschoolforaloan?Thelocalgovernmenthasappliedtothefederalgovernmentforhelp.Manypeopleappliedtothecompanyforjobs.applysth.tosth.：把……運(yùn)用于…….Thenurseappliedabandagetomywound.Thisrulecanbeappliedtomanycases.Wewillapplythenewtechnologytoourwork.applyoneselftosth：專(zhuān)心于……、致力于…….Asastudent,youshouldapplyyourselftostudy.application：運(yùn)用、申請(qǐng)、使用.Wereceivedmanyapplicationsforthejob.makeanapplicationtosb.forsth.9、in…order：1）以……次序、順序.inalphabeticalorder：按字母表順序；inregularorder=inusualorder：按常規(guī)順序；inthewrongorder：次序錯(cuò)了；inchronologicalorder：按年代順序2）處于……狀態(tài).ingood/badorderinorder：有次序的、井然有序的.Ilikeeverythinginorder.outoforder：雜亂的、有故障.ThewholeclassisoutoforderwhenIpassedby.Themachineisoutoforderandneedsrepairing.inorderto：為了……，后接動(dòng)詞原形。.Inordertocatchthefirstbus,hegotup15minutesearlierthanusual.inorderthat：為了……，后接句子。Hetookatraininorderthathecouldsaveseveralhours.10、purpose：目的、目標(biāo).achievepurpose：達(dá)到目的；answer/serveone’spurpose：符合需要；carryoutapurpose：實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)；onpurpose：故意的purposedoing/todosth.：打算……、意欲做…….Theypurposedbuilding/tobuildanewbridgeovertheriver.11、support：支撐、支持、撫養(yǎng)、證明.Supportedbyhisson,theoldmancameoutoftheroom.Fourpillarssupportthewholeroof.Myideaissupportedbymanypeople.Hehasalargefamilytosupport.Anewfactsupportedmywords.12、thanksto：由于、多虧.Thankstoyourgeneroushelp,wefinishedourworkanhourearlier.Thankstoherefforts,theprojectwillbeasuccess.Thankstothebadweather,wehadtoputoffthesportsmeetingtillnextweek.能解釋“由于、多虧”的短語(yǔ)還有：dueto…,owingto…,asaresultof….Hefellillduetosmokingheavily.Owingtotherain,thecropsweresaved.Asaresultofhishardwork,heisadmittedintoNanjingUniversitythisyear.13、switch：vt.使處于某位置、改變、擺動(dòng)（尾巴）.Switchthisbuttontothe“on”position,andthetrainwilldriveSheisalwaysswitchingherjobs.Theboyswitchedsubjectsmanytimes,frommathstoEnglish,fromEnglishtophysicsandtomathsagain.Thehorseswitcheditstailtodrivethefliesaway.switchto：轉(zhuǎn)而討論……、轉(zhuǎn)換到…….Thespeakersuddenlyswitchedtohischildhood.Afterthisdiscussion,wewillswitchtotheexercises.switchon：turnon；switchoff：turnoff14、courage：（uc.)勇氣getupcourage：鼓起勇氣；losecourage：?jiǎn)适в職?；recovercourage：恢復(fù)勇氣amanofcourage：有勇氣的人；havethecouragetodosth：有做某事的勇氣.Doyouhavethecouragetoadmityourmistakes?Ittakescourageandpatiencetodosuchthings..encourage：鼓舞、激勵(lì)encouragesb.todosth.：鼓勵(lì)某人做…….Thegoodnewsencouragedustogoonwiththeexperiment.encouragesb.insth.：鼓勵(lì)、助長(zhǎng)（某人的……）.Theteacher’swordsencouragedmeinmystudy..discourage：使氣餒、使沮喪、使某人打消……念頭discouragesb(fromdoingsth.).Thebadnewsdiscouragedusfromgoingonwiththework.Hisfirstfailurealmostdiscouragedhimfrombeingasinger.15、qualify：賦予（某人）資格、取得資格qualifysb.for/as.Thetwo-monthtrainingqualifiedhimforthejob/asateacherofEnglish.qualifyfor/as：有資格…….Didyouqualifyforthejob?/asateacher?qualifytodosth.：取得資格做…….Hehasqualifiedtobeateacher.Manystudentsqualifiedtostudyatuniversity.qualified：有資格的、適合的、稱(chēng)職的.Weallthinkheisaqualifiedteacher.bequalifiedforsth./todosth.：有資格做…….Doyouthinkyouarequalifiedforthejob?/todothejob?qualification：資格、執(zhí)照，havethequalificationforsth./todosth.：由做……的資格、執(zhí)照.DoyouhavethequalificationforteachingEnglish/toteachEnglish?16、control：vt.控制、克制.controlone’sanger：控制憤怒；controloneself：抑制自己的情感n.控制力、抑制力beyondcontrol：無(wú)法控制；incontrolof：管理、掌握；inthecontrolof：被……控制；losecontrolof：失去對(duì)……的控制；outofcontrol：不受控制；takecontrolof：控制、管理；undercontrol：受控制、平靜無(wú)事.Thefirewasbeyondcontrolandsothebuildingwasburntdown..Mr.Blackisincontrolofthreefactories.Nowthecompanyisinthecontrolofanewmanager.Soontheriderlostcontrolofthehorseandhewasthrownontotheground.Itissaidthattheforestfireisnowundercontrol.17、conduct：n.行為、操行amanofgoodconduct：品行端正的人；therulesofconduct：行為準(zhǔn)則；foolish/sillyconduct：愚蠢的行為；strangeconduct：奇怪的行為；shamefulconduct：可恥的行為.Hewaspunishedbyhisfatherbecausehisconductwastoobad.vt.指導(dǎo)、引導(dǎo)、指揮、進(jìn)行conductanexperiment：做實(shí)驗(yàn)；conductameeting：開(kāi)會(huì)；conductone’sjob：做工作.Aboyconductedustothestation.18、once：1）一次.IhaveneverbeentoBeijingonce.Maybeyoucantrytodoitonceortwice.2）曾經(jīng).Heoncelivedinabigcity.Oncetherelivedapoorfishermanbytheriver.3）一旦.OnceyougraspEnglish,you’llreadmanymorebooks.Onceyouunderstandme,you’llfindI’magoodfriend.19、prove：vt.證明1)provesth..Noonecanprovehisidea.Theexperimentagainprovedmytheory.2)prove+that…..ThenewevidenceprovedthatIwasright.Howdidyouprovethathewasthethief?3)provesb./sth(tobe)+n./adj..Timeagainprovedhisideawrong.Thefootprintprovedhim(tobe)themurderer.4)作系動(dòng)詞用，后接形容詞或名詞.Hiswordsproved(tobe)wrong/right.Thegentlemanproved(tobe)of：證據(jù)（proofs).Thenewproofsprovedhiminnocent.20、manage1）經(jīng)營(yíng)、管理（=run).Thishoteliswellmanaged.Nowheismanagingthefactoryforhisfather.2)操縱、使用（=operate).Heknowshowtomanageaplane.Heisyoung,buthecanmanagethecar.It’shardforyoutomanageamotorbikeinsuchastrongwind.3)（與can連用）設(shè)法做好、想辦法做成managesth./managetodosth..Theboxisheavy,butIcanmanageit/tocarryit.ThefishissobigthatIcan’tmanageit/toeatitbymyself.management：經(jīng)營(yíng)、管理.Themanagementofthefactoryisquitegood.III.鞏固練習(xí)：1、Itissaidthatthewholecarismade______hand.A.by B.with C.in D.for2、Thequietnightwas______atmid-nightbythesuddenaccident.A.disturbed B.interrupted C.troubled D.broken3、_______thebookswereburntinthefire,whichwasapity.A.Agoodmany B.Agreatdealof C.Anumberof D.Dozens4、Sheishereworking_____aninterpreterinthecompany.A.on B.as C.at D.in5、Herparents_____her_____themanthreeyearsago.A.gotmarried…toB.married…withC.married…toD.gotmarried…with6、Howlonghaveyou_____contactwiththem?A.got B.beenin C.kept D.made7、Thereport_____pollutionbyMr.Crossisreliable.A.isrelatedto B.relatedto C.beingrelatedto D.relatingto8、Withaboy_____him,thewoundedmanstruggledtostandup.A.supported B.tosupport C.supporting D.supports9、Mr.Wangisa______teacher.Hisclassesarelivelyandinteresting.A.qualifying B.qualification C.quality D.qualified10、Theideainthearticle_____helpfultous.A.proves B.isproved C.beingproved D.BothAandB11、—Ididn'tthinkyoulikedtea.—I____butI______now.A.didn't;can B.did;can C.usedn'tto;do D.usedto;do12、______atthedoorbeforeentering,please.A.Knocked B.Toknock C.Knocking D.Knock13、Theyconsidered_____acomputer,whichisconsidered_____agreathelpintheirwork.A.tobuy;tobe B.buying;being C.tobuy;being D.buying;tobe14、Itissaidthatinthecollegeonestudent_____four_____fromforeigncountries,A.of;isB.or;are C.in;isD.in;are15、Scientificexperiments_____outbystudentswithouttheteacher'sinstructionscanbedangerous.A.willbecarriedB.carried C.becarriedD.tocarry16、Thetalk_____bytheteachersounded_______.A.given;encourage B.giving;encouragingC.giving;encouragedD.given;encouraging17、—Doyoufeellike_________outforawalk?—No.I'dlike_________mylessonsathome.A.going;todoB.togo;todoC.togo;doingD.going;doing18、—Youdon'tneed________yourpenwashed,doyou?—No,itwritessmoothlyanddoesn'tneed________A.having;washingB.tohave;washingC.having;tobewashedD.tohave;beingwashed19、"Thebookisworthy_____"means"Thebookisworth______.A.ofreading;readingB.toberead;beingreadC.ofbeingread;beingreadD.toberead;reading20、Peopleusedto_____clothesofcottonandwool,butnowmoreandmoreothermaterialsareusedto____clothesaswell,A.make;makingB.make;makeC.making;makingD.making;make完型填空Whyissettinggoalsimportant?Becausegoalscanhelpyoudo,be,and___21___everythingyouwantinlife.___22___justlettinglifehappentoyou,goalsallowyoutomakeyourlifehappen.Successfulpeople__23__howtheirlifeshouldbeandsetlotsofgoals.Bysettinggoalsyouare___24___yourlife.It’slikehavinga__25__toshowyouwhereyouwanttogo.Thinkofitthisway.Thereare__26__drivers.Onehasadestination(hergoal)inmindwhichcanbefoundinamap.Shecandrivestraighttherewithoutany__27__timeorwrongturns.Theotherdriverhasnogoalotdestinationormap.Shestartsoffatthesametimefromthesameplace__28__thefirstdriver,__29__shedrivesaimlesslyaround,nevergettinganywhere,just__30__gas.Whichdriverdoyouwanttobe?Winnersinlifesetgoalsandfollowthemout.They_31_whattheywantinlifeandthengettherebymaking_32__andsettinggoals._33_peoplejustletlifehappenbyaccident.Goalsaren’tdifficulttosetandtheyaren’tdifficulttoreach.It’s_34_youtofindoutwhatyourgoalsreallyare.Youaretheonewhomustdecidethegoalsto_35__andinwhatdirectiontoaimyourlife.Research__36__usthatwhenwewriteagoa