2020年高考英語核心詞匯大全精品精品版

精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔高考英語核心詞匯大全精品口訣：英語高考變化大，詞匯越來越稱霸；標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求三千五，八百詞匯是關(guān)卡；字形詞義熟練記，保證考場是贏家。一、語法角度歸納詞匯：只能接動名詞，而不能接不定式作賓語：口訣：建議避免冒險；介意錯過訓(xùn)練；厭惡推遲完成；承認逃脫抵抗；考慮保持忍受；想象寬恕欣賞。suggest,avoid,risk,mind,miss,practise,dislike,delay,finish,admit,escape,resist,consider,keep,stand,imagine,forgive,enjoy只能接不定式，而不能接動名詞作賓語：口訣：打算將來負擔(dān)起一切，就得嘗試失敗，拒絕假裝努力。要學(xué)會選擇，決心設(shè)法完成計劃。父母會同意提供幫助，要承諾達到他們的期望要求。want,intend,mean,afford,attempt,fail,refuse,pretend,try,learn,choose,decide,determine,manage,plan,agree,offer,help,promise,hope,wish,expect,ask既可接動名詞也可接不定式作賓語，意義不同：口訣：goon表繼續(xù)，接doing同一事，接todo換一個；regret,forget,remember,接doing表做過，跟todo要去做；meandoing意味著，meantodo打算做；trydoing試著做，trytodo設(shè)法做既可接動名詞也可接不定式作賓語，意義相同：口訣：need,want,require,還有一個deserve,接不定式用被動，接doing主動就能表被動；Worth后接doing,也用主動表被動，worthy則不同，改用被動用被動。need,require,want,deserve+doing/tobedone（需要做）beworthdoing,beworthyofbeingdone,beworthytobedone（值得做）接動名詞作賓語，接不定式作賓補：口訣：禁止、建議和允許，接doing作賓語，接todo作補語。forbid/advise/allow/permitdoingsth;forbid/advise/allow/permitsb.todosth.（禁止，建議允許某人做某事）接賓語從句，從句使用虛擬語氣：1）.在動詞order/demand/insist/command/advise/suggest/request/require等詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用（should）+動詞原形，使用虛擬語氣?？谠E：每詞有特點，賓語從句中，（should）+動詞原形會出現(xiàn)。insist,suggest謹慎用，還要把詞義細分辨。insist（堅持要某人做某事用虛擬；堅持說、堅持認為，則不用）,demand,desire,require,request,order,propose,command,ask（要求）,advise,prefer,suggest（建議用虛擬，暗示，表明則不用）。2）.動詞wish后接的賓語從句一律使用虛擬語氣：口訣：wish后的從句用虛擬，三種情況要梳理。主句時態(tài)不用管，從句時間是關(guān)鍵。與現(xiàn)在事實不符，用過去；與過去事實不符，用過去完成；與將來事實不符，用would,could等接動詞原形就可以。動詞本身主動形式表達被動含義：有些動詞如open,close,sell,wash,burn,write等用來陳述主語的內(nèi)在性質(zhì)時，要用主動形式表達被動含義。主語一般為事物，且常與狀語連用?？谠E：干柴廢紙易燃燒；商店學(xué)校關(guān)又開；機器運轉(zhuǎn)很正常；布料耐洗筆流暢；書報貨物很暢銷；房間廚房好打掃；飯菜做得格外香。burn,close,open,run,wash,write,sell,clean,taste,cook二、搭配角度總結(jié)詞匯：搭配活躍的名詞：精選文檔Timeaheadoftime提前atatime一次atalltimes一直，經(jīng)常atonetime曾經(jīng)attimes有時候behindtime晚點，不及時behindthetimes落伍innotime立刻，馬上intime及時，遲早foratime一度forthefirsttime第一次fromtimetotime有時，時常forthetimebeing暫時ontime準(zhǔn)時way:alltheway一路上，自始自終bythewaybywayof經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過inthe/one'sway擋道，妨礙inaway在某種程度上onone'swayto去…的途中inanyway無論如何，在任何情況下innoway決不inone'sownway自行其事，隨心所欲inthiswaycase:inanycaseincaseincaseofinnocaseinthatcaseinthiscaseinthecaseof關(guān)于，就...來說hand:athand在手邊handinhandinhand控制住onhand手頭有…byhandononehandontheotherhand搭配活躍的動詞：bring:bringabout產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致bringalong帶來bringback使回想起bringout使顯現(xiàn)出bringin引進，賺得bringup教育，嘔吐bringon引起，導(dǎo)致，生長bringdown使降落bringoff使成功，圓滿完成break:breakdown垮掉，出故障breakin闖入，插嘴breakinto闖入breakout爆發(fā)，發(fā)生breakthrough突破breakup打碎，終止breakoff打斷，中斷breakawayfrom脫離call:callat拜訪（某地）callback召回，回電話callfor去接，需要callin邀請，召請calloff取消callon/upon拜訪某人callup打電話callout召喚出動carry:carryoff奪走carryon繼續(xù)carryout履行carrythrough完成，使度過難關(guān)come:comeabout發(fā)生comeacross偶然遇到comeback回來，憶起comeon進行comeout出版，開花cometooneself蘇醒comeupwith提出，想出，趕上hold:holdback隱瞞，阻止，抑制holdoff使遠離holdon不掛斷holdout伸出，支持，維持holdup舉起，使停滯get:getacross越過，被理解getawaywith逃脫getback回來getoff從。。。下來geton/alongwith進展，相處getout出來getthrough穿過，完成，接通getto抵達getover克服getupgive:giveaway贈送，泄露giveback歸還giveinto屈服giveup放棄giveoff發(fā)出，散發(fā)giveout分發(fā)，筋疲力盡giveway崩潰go:goafter追求goahead先行，請吧goback回去godown下來goinfor愛好gooffwith離開，逃走goongooutof從。。。出來gothrough通過，完成goover復(fù)習(xí)gowithout沒有。。。也行g(shù)oup上升，上漲keep:keepawayfrom遠離keepback阻止，抑制keepintouchwith保持聯(lián)系keepon繼續(xù)keepoutof使避開keepupwith趕上keepoff遠離look:lookafterlookback回顧lookdownon/upon輕視，看不起lookforlookforwardto期盼lookinto調(diào)查lookoutfor小心lookthrough瀏覽lookup查找，仰視lookupto尊敬make:makefor走向，促成makeout弄清，理解makeupmakesenseput:putaside儲蓄putaway儲存，收拾putdown放下，鎮(zhèn)壓，寫下putforward提出putoff推遲puton上映putout伸出，熄滅putthrough完成，接通putupputupwith忍受run:runafter追趕runawayfrom/away逃跑runinto撞上，偶遇runoutof用盡runover碾過，軋過runthrough跑過，貫穿set:setabout開始setaside放一邊，留出，不顧setback推遲setdown記下setoff出發(fā)，引爆setout動身，著手setup創(chuàng)立，樹立take:takeaway帶走takeback取回takedown取下takein吸收，欺騙takeoff脫下，起飛，事業(yè)成功takeon承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)出takeout取出takeover接管takeup占（時間，空間），從事turn:turnon打開turnoff關(guān)上turnup放大音量，出現(xiàn)turndown放下音量，拒絕turnin上交turnagainst反對turnout結(jié)果是，證明是turnaway避開turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)turnto翻到，求助于，轉(zhuǎn)向搭配活躍的介詞、副詞：at:atheart內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上atwill隨意，任意atsight一見atpresent目前atadistance隔一段距離atalossnotatall不知所措atanycost不惜一切代價atseacomeat向。。。襲擊runat沖向，向。。。攻擊stareatglanceatknockat敲門smileataimat向。。。瞄準(zhǔn)shoutatlookatglareatlaughatpointatshootatcallatheyong:beyongrepair無法修理beyongbelief不可相信beyongunderstanding無法理解beyongcontrol無法控制beyongdoubt毫無疑問beyongimagination難以想象beyongdescription難以描述down:burndown燒毀cutdown消減，砍伐passdown傳下來calmdown平靜下來settledown安家teardown拆毀，拆除slowdown慢下來liedown躺下diedown平息，消失from:comefrom來自datefrom追溯diefrom死于escapefrom逃出hearfrom收到來信learnfrom向。。。學(xué)習(xí)resultfrom起因于choosefrom選自separatefrom分離開來sufferfrom忍受beabsentfrom缺席bediferentfrom與眾不同befarfrom遠離，遠非for:runfor競選askfor要求得到longfor渴望carefor關(guān)心，喜歡searchfor查找applyfor申請standfor代表huntfor尋找chargefor收費，要價answerfor對。。。負責(zé)fightfor為。。。而戰(zhàn)preparefor為。。。準(zhǔn)備reachfor伸手去拿payfor花錢買beanxiousfor急于做beeagerfor渴望bebadfor有害于begoodfor有利于befamousforbefitfor適合于begratefulfor對。。。心存感激belateforbereadyforbesorryforberesponsibleforbesuitableforbeusefulforforfear以免forfun為了樂趣forpleasureforsale供出售in:inspiteofinsteadofinnature本質(zhì)上inreturn作為回報inturn輪流，轉(zhuǎn)而，反過來infactinsearchofinotherwordsinawordinbriefinmemoryofinexchangefor交換intermsof就。。。而論inplaceofinshortindoubt懷疑infavourof支持inhonourofinfaceofinneedofinstore保存著，準(zhǔn)備著精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔resultinjoininfillincutin插入dropin拜訪succeedinon:liveonlookon旁觀dependonwaiton侍候insistonimpresson留下印象moveon繼續(xù)移動，往前走relyontryon試穿onduty值班onfoot步行onfire著火onshow展覽onstrike罷工onpurpose故意onwatch監(jiān)視，觀察onthecontrary相反onearth究竟，到底onsaleonbusiness因公，出差out:outofsight看不見outofreach夠不著outoforder出故障outofplace不適當(dāng)outofcontrolpointout指出pickout選出burstout迸發(fā)figureout算出，弄明白crossout劃掉findout查出leaveout省略，刪掉tryout算出，解決letout泄露workoutturnout結(jié)果是makeoutoff:cutoff切斷tearoff撕開seeoff送行shutoff關(guān)掉，關(guān)上showoff炫耀knockoff把。。。撞落payoff還清ringoff掛斷電話falloff跌落，掉下takeoffgooff離開leaveoff停止，中斷to:belongtorefertoseeto處理，料理replyto答復(fù)objectto反對pointtostick/hold/keepto堅持，忠于agreeto同意addtowritetoleadtoattendto處理contributeto捐助，貢獻，為。。。撰稿getdowntodevoteoneselftobefamiliartodrinkto為。。。干杯dancetoup:growupbuildupdoupstayupsitupuseupcutupendupspeedupclearupburnuphurryuppickupwith:agreewithbeginwithcontinuewith繼續(xù)dowith應(yīng)付dealwith對付，處理fightwithmixwithmeetwithplaywith玩耍quarrelwithequipwith用。。。裝備beangrywithbebusywithbecrowdedwith擁擠著beconnectedwith與。。。聯(lián)系becoveredwithbecontentwith對。。。滿意bedisappointedwithbeengagedwith忙碌于befilledwithbefamiliarwith熟悉bepopularwithbepatientwithbepleasedwithbesatisfiedwithbestrictwith對。。。嚴格三、辨析角度復(fù)習(xí)詞匯：以構(gòu)成形式為突破口進行辨析：1).差一冠詞，意義不同：inchargeof負責(zé)inthechargeof由。。。負責(zé)inpossessionof占有inthepossessionof由。。。所占有bysea乘船bythesea在海邊outofquestion沒問題outofthequestion不可能attable在吃飯atthetable在桌邊2).有無介詞，意義不同：answeranswerfor對。。。負責(zé)，償還searchsearchforleaveleavefor離開去某地reachreachfor伸手去拿enterenterfor報名參加runrunforstandstandforpaypayfor付錢買某物preparepreparefpr3).詞序顛倒，意義不同：beforelonglongbeforemuchtootoomuchturnininturnhandininhand在手邊workhardhardworkfromfar來自遠方farfrom離得遠，遠非ifonlyonlyif4).是分是和，意義不同：soastoso???astosometimessometimes精選文檔sometimesometimeeverydayeverydayaltogetheralltogethereveryoneeveryonenonenoone5).差一字母，用法不同：alonelonelyasleepsleepalikelikearise產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)riseawaitvt.等候waitacrossprep.crossv.橫越adj.交叉的，易怒的aloudloud以詞匯意義為突破口進行辨析：1）.意義內(nèi)涵不同：【destroy,damage,ruin】Theboyruinedthebeautifulpicturewithinkonpurpose.（不可修復(fù)）Hishopeofbeingasingerwasdestroyed.（不可修復(fù)）Theheavyraindamagedalotofhouses.（可修復(fù)）【quiet,silent,still】Bequietandgetonwithyourwork..安靜的，寂靜的。表自然環(huán)境，表生性安靜，不易激動。Youmustlearnwhentospeakandwhentokeepsilent.表沉默的。表示不說話，不弄出聲音。Theairissostillthatthesmokeisrisingstraightupfromthefire.安靜的，不動的。扌旨人表面無動作?！緊ccur,happen,takeplace】Itwasunfortunatethatthisaccidentshouldhappen/occur.偶然發(fā)生，碰巧。常指不好的事情。Itoccurredtohimthatheshouldgotoseeadentist.與happen可互換。occurtosb./sth.思想出現(xiàn)在意識中。Theofficialopeningofthestorewilltakeplacenextweek.指必然會發(fā)生的事情，無被動。還有舉行活動?！綼rgue,debate,quarrel】Thenewcouplearealwaysquarrellingaboutsolittlefamilyincome.扌旨因憤怒而爭吵。Theworkersarguefortherightforapublicholiday.通過提出理由進行論證。First,letmeintroducetoeveryonebothsidesoftoday'sdebate.扌旨正式的辯論?！緁it,match,suit】Thiscoatdoesn'tsuityou.多指顏色、款式、質(zhì)地等適合，合乎需要、口味、性格、條件和地位等。Thiscoatdoesn'tfityou.多指大小、尺寸、形狀合適、合身。Thistiedoesn'tmatchthiscoat.多指大小、形狀、顏色、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配。【matter,affair,business】Icoulddonothingtohelpyousincethematterhasgottenintosuchamess.狽9重麻煩或異常的事情、毛病。Beforegoingaway,hearrangedhisbusinessaffairs.一般為較重大的事件，也可泛指事務(wù)，要用復(fù)數(shù)。Tomistheblacksheepofhisfamily.Hehasalmostruinedhisfathersbusiness.生意，行業(yè)，事情，事務(wù)【normal,common,ordinary,usual,regular】Asisknowntoall,snowiscommonincoldcountries.常見的，一般的。commonsense/knowledgeAreyoureturninghomeattheusualtimetoday?通常，往常，一貫如此。asusualTomSawyerwasanordinaryAmericanboywhokeptgettingintotrouble.普通的，平常的，平凡的。AnewregularbusservicetoTianjinAirportstartedtooperatetwomonthsago.有規(guī)律的，定期的，經(jīng)常的。Mylifewasdelightedthatthingshadreturnedtonormalonceagain.正常的，智力，精神正常的?！緊pposite,contrary】Hishouseisopposite.tomine.指位置、方向、地位、意義等對立的、相反的。beoppositeto在。。。對面。Thisissomethingquitecontrarytomyexpectations.主張、看法行為等相反的，含有互相沖突，不一致。【realize,recognize,know】Hedidn'trealizehismistakeuntilhismothertoldhim.認識至U，意識至U，實現(xiàn)，完成。It'shardformetorecognizehisvoiceonthephone.認出，辨認，承認。為短暫性動詞，不接時間段作狀語。Wehaveknowneachotherformanyyears.知道，了解，熟悉，認識?？山訒r間段作狀語。【scene,scenery,sight,view】精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔Thesceneaftertheearthquakewashorrible.指展現(xiàn)在眼前的情景，也可指scenery的一部分。含景物中的人。HehadachancetoseethehistoricalsightsofLondon.指場景、眼前看到的景觀?？芍该麆?、風(fēng)景。用復(fù)數(shù)。Hangzhouisworld-famousforitsbeautifulscenery.指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色。Thereisafineviewofthemountainfromourhotel.扌旨從遠處或高處看至U部分景色。【separate,divide】Pleaseseparatethegoodapplesfromthebadones.把聚合在一起的事物、東西分開，常與from連用。Pleasedividetheappleintotwoparts.把一個整體分成若干部分，常與into連用。【struggle,fight】Thesoldiersfoughtbravelyinthebattle.打仗，戰(zhàn)斗，主要指肉體上的對抗。常指打架。Onarrivingattheshore,thegirlstruggleduptheclifftowardsthelightshehadseen掙扎，斗爭。指肉體和精神上的搏斗。暗指在艱難處境中奮力掙扎。【broad,wide】Shelostherhearttothesoldierwiththebroadshoulderandthedeepvoice.指某物覆蓋面的范圍，肩、背、胸。Hisreadingcoversawiderangeofsubjects.著重指邊沿間相隔的距離以及廣泛之意?！綾ause,reason,excuse】Idon'tknowthecauseandeffect.起因，原因，指引起某種結(jié)果的必然原因。常與of搭配。強調(diào)事實。Therearemanyreasonsforanimalsdyingout.理由，原因，用于解釋已發(fā)生事情的理由，借口。常與for連用。強調(diào)邏輯推理，理由不一定真實。Ihaven'tdonetheworkwell;myexcuseisthatIhavebeenill.指免受指責(zé)或推卸責(zé)任而找的理由、原因，即借口。常與for連用。【advantage,benefit,profit】Itistoyouradvantagetoinvestwisely.好處或利益，所獲之物。Youngpeoplegetgreatbenefitfromreading.扌旨各方面的受益。Theirinvestmenthasbroughtthemalotofprofit.多指金錢方面的利益、利潤?！綽ravery,courage】Heshowedgreatbraveryinsavingthedrowingchild.勇敢，指處于某種緊迫情況下大膽無畏的行動勇氣。Althoughblindedbytheexplosing,hefacedthefuturewithcourage.勇氣，勇敢，指使人面對危險、困難、痛苦等而不感到懼怕的精神力量。【character,characteristic,quality,personality】Hehasachangeablecharacter.品質(zhì)，性格特色，特征，個人、集體或范疇的區(qū)別特征或?qū)傩?。WhatcharacteristicsdistinguishtheAmericansfromtheCanadians?扌旨與眾不同的特征。Modestyisoneofhisgoodqualites.品質(zhì)，指個體的特點，尤指好的品質(zhì)。Hispersonalityleftadeepimpressiononus.個性，指個人聚集的品質(zhì)、行為、脾氣、情緒和精神的性格?！綾ircumstance,surrounding,environment,occasion】InnormalcircumstancesIwouldhaveresignedimmediately.環(huán)境，情形，形勢，多用復(fù)數(shù)。Hedidn'tpaymuchattentiontohissurroundings,surrounding只能做形容詞。surroundings為周圍的事物，指一個人四周的生活環(huán)境。Childrenneedahappyhomeenvironment.環(huán)境，一般用單數(shù)，強調(diào)環(huán)境對人的感受，道德的影響。Heseizedtheoccasiontoinvitedherhomefordinner.時機，機會。【cost,price,charge,expense】Livingcostsarehigherincitiesthaninthecountry.耗費，成本。包括對某事所付出的一切費用、時間、勞力。Itmustbedoneatanyprice.價格。指商品出售時所定的價格。還有代價。Howmuchisthechargeforthiscoffee?零花錢或給予服務(wù)后索要的費用。Hisparentsdecidedtocutdownhisexpensesatcollege.多用復(fù)數(shù)，指大量的花費、支出。如求學(xué)、旅游?！緀nergy,force,power,strength】Youngpeopleusuallyhavemoreenergythantheold.指人在活動中表現(xiàn)出的生機勃勃的“力”

Hehadtouseforcetogetthelidoffthecan.指為克服阻力而運用或發(fā)揮出來的“力量”Youcanreallyfeelthepowerofthesunhere.含義最廣，包括一切抽象和具體的力。Hehasn'tgotenoughstrengthtogetoutofbed.指人或物體內(nèi)在的耐力、抵抗力、氣力?！緃eart,mind】Hemarriedthegirlofhisheart.側(cè)重情感之心。Weexpecttheretobemorestudentswithgoodmind.側(cè)9重理智之心?！緀specially,specially,particularly】TheGreatWallhadbeenaddedto,rebuiltandrepaired.especiallyduringtheMingDynasty.尤其Thesebooksarespeciallywrittenforbeginners.指為某一特別目的而做。Hewasparticularly/especiallyinterestedinthestoriesaboutkings.Ricegrowswellintheircounty,especiallyintheirvillage.?動作結(jié)果不同：advisepersuade/lookforfind/looksee/listen?動作狀態(tài)不同：beginbeoncatchfirebeonfire?主觀客觀不同：receiveaccept?直接間接不同：hearhearofknowknowoflearnlearnof?有無一ly的副詞不同：無一ly的副詞表具體意義，有一ly的副詞表抽象意義。widewidelydeepdeeplyhighhighlylow意義相仿，?？赏ㄓ谩ear/trymanage/treatlowlyclosecloselycureNearnearlyhardhardlymostmostly意義相仿，常可通用。hear/trymanage/treatlowlyclosecloselycureNearnearlyhardhardlymostmostlydeardearlylatelatelybadbadly【buy,cost,pay,spend,take】buy:指購買。常見搭配：buysb.sth.;buysth.forsb./sth.cost:指花錢、時間、勞力等。.Sth.costsbsth.pay:指花錢.常見搭配：Sb.paymoneyforsth.spend::指花錢、時間等。常見搭配：Sb.spend...indoingsth./onsth.take:主要指花時間。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.【offer,supply,provide】Josieofferedhim500dollarstodothework.Ourfarmsuppliesthemarketwithfruitsandvegetables.Theschoolprovidedbooksforthechildren.【beknownas,beknownfor,beknownto,beknownin】beknownas+名詞表示一個人的身份、職業(yè)等?！白鳛?。。。而著名”beknownfor+名詞表示某人或某物的特點、特長?！耙?。。。而著名”beknownto+表示人的詞語?！盀?。。。所了解、知道”beknownin+表地點的詞語。四、拼寫角度對比詞匯：1?容易漏寫字母的詞：?易漏寫不發(fā)音字母的詞：ChristmascupboardhandkerchiefhandsomeexhibitionwhisperneighborfastendoubtsandwichWednesdayclimbcomb?易漏寫雙字母的詞：necessaryquarrelpermissionexcellentinterruptsatelliteaddresspressurecommittee精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔精選文檔personallycommandcarriagearrestmirrorballoonpillowpatternannouncecattlecigarettefunnypassengerrubbishsuddenly.易漏寫元音字母的詞：familiarofficialtemperaturebeforeinterestbargaincenturyanxiousconvenientexerciseexperiencematerialmountainrestaurantforeheadsoldier.易漏寫福音字母的詞：governmentautumnchimneybutcherbridgeFebruaryknowledgelawyer2.容易多字母的詞：ninthfortyagainstAugustsimilarhabitaltogetherThursdaycollegeforbidlibraryproud容易混淆的詞：1).詞形相似易混淆的詞：peasant農(nóng)民/present禮物、現(xiàn)在parents父母broad寬的/board木板/abroad在國外difficult困難的/different不同的;attract吸引/attack襲擊explode爆炸/exploit開采，開發(fā)；fa