Unit 5 Grammar 課件 【知識(shí)導(dǎo)航+拓展遷移】 高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

V-ing(non-finiteverbs)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)donedoingtodo非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Canyousaysomethingaboutthenon-finiteverbsintermsofdefinitionandforms?非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞DEFINITION在句中充當(dāng)除_____以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的限制，但是有____和_____的變化。FORMS非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有_______、________和_______三種基本形式。謂語(yǔ)除_____以外的句子成分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)語(yǔ)氣情態(tài)動(dòng)詞havedone，wasfinished，willgo，

isworking，makes，hasbeenwaitingHehasfinishedhishomework.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotaccepttheinvitation.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)間語(yǔ)態(tài)Timois

todie.Walkingonthestreetnearby,shenoticedastrongburningsmell.

Attractedbythebeauty,shedecidedtospendanothertwodays.Thebookissaidtohaveattractedalotofreaders.Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoseveralforeignlanguages.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞DEFINITION在句中充當(dāng)除_____以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的限制，但是有____和_____的變化。FORMS非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有_______、________和_______三種基本形式。謂語(yǔ)時(shí)間語(yǔ)態(tài)todo

doingdone除_____以外的句子成分非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞todo-:

Hepromisedtomakegreatereffortsinthefuture.doing-Walking

intherain,shefeltquitetranquil.done-ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveheardthesongsunginFrench.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞基本形式語(yǔ)態(tài)+時(shí)間主動(dòng)+將來(lái)主動(dòng)+進(jìn)行:被動(dòng)+完成:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞todo-主動(dòng)+將來(lái):Hepromisedtomakegreatereffortsinthefuture.tobedone-被動(dòng)+將來(lái):Thesearethewordstobestudiedtomorrow.doing-主動(dòng)+進(jìn)行:Walkingintherain,shefeltquitetranquil.beingdone-被動(dòng)+進(jìn)行:TheboybeingscoldedisXiaoming.havingdone-主動(dòng)+完成:Havingfinishedthelatter,hemailedit.havingbeendone-被動(dòng)+完成:Iforget

havingbeentakenthere.done-被動(dòng)+完成:ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveheardthesongsunginFrench.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞基本形式非謂語(yǔ)-動(dòng)詞v-ing形式現(xiàn)在分詞：定語(yǔ)、狀、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)

時(shí)間/語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)進(jìn)行完成doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone非謂語(yǔ)-動(dòng)詞v-ing形式Iwakeuptothesoundofthewindbuffetingtheclothofmytent.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.Shewaspraisedforhavingdoneagooddeed.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithoutbeingrecognized.◆一般式doing：表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作____________或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后；◆完成時(shí)havingdone：表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在______________?！魟?dòng)詞-ing與它的邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前1.Iwakeuptothesoundofthewindbuffetingtheclothofmytent.2.Being

insuchabeautifulandwildplacemakesmefeelblessedtobealive.3.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,leavingbehindabout100glaciers.4....andsomesweetandsourberriesthatIfoundgrowingnearmytent.5.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.6.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.定語(yǔ)

主語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)

補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

表語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)

非謂語(yǔ)-動(dòng)詞v-ing形式

1.作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)V-ingnon-finiteverbs

2.作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)

動(dòng)名詞：作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)V-ingnon-finiteverbs動(dòng)名詞：具有動(dòng)詞的特征：可以有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)；具有名詞的特征：可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞v-ing作主語(yǔ)1.(2020·江蘇)Still,__________(continue)tochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.2.(2020·天津)______(ask)afavorofthePresidentoftheUnitedStateswasnocasualmatter,especiallyforaseventeen-year-oldgirl.3.It’sawasteoftime______(try)topersuadesuchaperson.4.Itisnouse______(write)tohim;heneveranswersletters.continuingAskingtryingwriting【總結(jié)歸納】動(dòng)詞v-ing形式做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用______形式；動(dòng)詞v-ing形式做主語(yǔ)的位置：__________單數(shù)句首/句尾it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)名詞，主要用于下列句型中：Itbenouse/uselessdoing...做……無(wú)用Itbenogood/pleasure/fundoing...做……無(wú)好處/樂(lè)趣Itbeawasteoftimedoing...做……浪費(fèi)時(shí)間動(dòng)詞v-ing作主語(yǔ)1.v-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)需要添加自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，通常有兩種形式：形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing名詞所有格+動(dòng)詞-ing2.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)與不定式做主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性或抽象的動(dòng)作。不定式作主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。他們前來(lái)幫忙對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是巨大的鼓舞。Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.Lily前來(lái)幫忙對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是巨大的鼓舞。Lily’s

comingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.語(yǔ)法感知1._______________________________aninterestingandrewardingexperience.沿著古老的“絲綢之路”旅行是一次有趣、有意義的經(jīng)歷。2._________________madehisteacherveryangry.他又一次遲到使他的老師非常生氣。3._____________________causedsomuchtrouble.簡(jiǎn)的粗心大意造成了太多的麻煩4._____________________foralongtimedoesgreatharmtoyourskin.暴露在陽(yáng)光下太長(zhǎng)時(shí)間會(huì)對(duì)你的皮膚造成極大傷害5._______________________________爬山是一項(xiàng)辛苦的經(jīng)歷。6.

_______________________________,butaswelookedaroundusweweresurprisedbytheview.爬山是一項(xiàng)辛苦的經(jīng)歷，但是當(dāng)環(huán)顧四周，我們驚嘆于身處的美景。TravelingalongtheoldSilkRoadisHisbeinglateagainJane’sbeingcarelessnessBeingexposedinthesunToclimbthemountainswashardworkClimbingmountainscanbehardwork.v-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞v-ing作表語(yǔ)1.Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.2.Landingonethemoon’sfarsideisextremely___________(challenge).動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以作表語(yǔ)，但有所區(qū)別。作表語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing有時(shí)體現(xiàn)的是名詞特性，即動(dòng)名詞，表示抽象性/習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，多是對(duì)主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)可以換位；作表語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing有時(shí)體現(xiàn)的是形容詞特性，即現(xiàn)在分詞，往往說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)性質(zhì)、特征。主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)不可換位。（作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞，多是由能夠表示人的某種感情/情緒的動(dòng)詞變化而來(lái)的。常見(jiàn)的有：moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、puzzling、amusing、astonishing等；表示“令人……的”常修飾物。）=Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.challenging動(dòng)詞v-ing作賓語(yǔ)1.Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowing

fromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.2.Oneneverlosesbydoingagoodturn.動(dòng)詞-ing

作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可位于及物動(dòng)詞后（動(dòng)賓），

也可位于介詞后（介賓）動(dòng)詞v-ing作賓語(yǔ)1.常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：avoid,miss,postpone,advise,finish,practice,enjoy,imagine,can'thelp,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mind…2.常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：insiston,objectto,begoodat,befondof,leadto,putoff,giveup,lookforwardto,feellike,devoteto,getused