2020年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破訓(xùn)練專題17-強(qiáng)調(diào)句

專題十七強(qiáng)調(diào)句重難點(diǎn)分析高考命題導(dǎo)向：“Itis/was...who/that...”強(qiáng)調(diào)句型是高考考查的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容之一。此句型可強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，用do/does/did+動(dòng)詞原形。高考通?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句與幾個(gè)易混句型連詞的使用和強(qiáng)調(diào)句的問(wèn)句。一、相關(guān)句型構(gòu)成的強(qiáng)調(diào)句陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）+that/who（當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人）+其他部分。如：ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.他是昨天遇見李平的。一般疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。如：WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?他是昨天遇見李平的嗎？特殊疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分？Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?你是何時(shí)何地出生的？not.until.句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句A.句型為：Itis/wasnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhiswifecameback.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，till,until可通用。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)A.Itis/was...that...結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，用助動(dòng)詞do/does或did。如：Dositdown.務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐。Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.過(guò)馬路時(shí)，務(wù)必（千萬(wàn)）要小心??！注意：此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/does和did，沒(méi)有別的形式；過(guò)去時(shí)用did，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。二、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型注意事項(xiàng)一覽表

1強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致Itishewho/thatoftendoesgooddeeds.是他經(jīng)常做好事。ItisIwho/thatamlookingforyou.是我找你。2被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分除了指人時(shí)連詞可用who/whom之外，其他情況下只能用thatItisthebookthatIwant.這是我要的書。3not...until...句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIrealizedmymistake.=NotuntilyoutoldmedidIrealizemymistake.=Ididn'trealizemymistakeuntilyoutoldme.直到你告訴我，我才意識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。4與主語(yǔ)從句（Itis/was...that-clause）的區(qū)別Itistrue/afactthattheywonthegame.（it是形式主語(yǔ)）他們贏得了比賽是事實(shí)。（去掉Itwas.that后句子已不完整）ItwasinXiamenthatIfirstmethim.是在廈門我第一次遇到他。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句特點(diǎn)：去掉Itwas.that后句子仍完整）5與"Itbe...before（時(shí)間過(guò)多久才......）/since（自......以來(lái)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了）句型”的區(qū)別Itwastwohoursbeforeheworkedouttheproblem.兩個(gè)小時(shí)后他才算出這道題。Itistwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他參軍已兩年了。6與"Itbe.when/where定語(yǔ)從句”的區(qū)別Itwasin1919thathewasborn.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）他于1919年出生。Itwas1919whentheMay4thMovementtookplace.（定語(yǔ)從句）五四運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生于1919年。ItwasinBeijingthatImethim.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）我在北京遇到他的。ItwasBeijingwhereImethim.（定語(yǔ)從句）我在北京遇到了他。注意：在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)事物時(shí)常用which來(lái)代替that?？键c(diǎn)練透一、單句填空根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞填空。ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverMarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.Itistheabilitytodothejobmatters,notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.—Whatwasthepartylike?

—Wonderful.ItisyearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.ItwasOctobertheyfinallycamebacktotheirhometown.ItwasinthelabthatwastakenchargeofbyProfessorLitheydidtheexperiment.Itwillbemorethan100yearsthecountrybeginsonceagaintolookasitdidbefore.isitthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday?Ihavealreadyforgottenitwasthatyouputthedictionary.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn'tmatteritisthatIamtalkingto.Itwashedidfrightenedme.二、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Animalsmayalsobecomeextinctthroughdirectdestruction.Thisincludesthehuntingandcapturingofanimals.Humanshavealwayshuntedandkilledwildlife1earlyhumanslivedmoreinharmonywithnature,2_killedanimalsforessentialslikefoodandclothing.Whenguns3(invent),massdestructionofspecieswaspossible.Animalshavebeen,andstillare,killed4meat,clothing,medicines,feathers,eggs,trophies(戰(zhàn)利品),touristsouvenirs—andsometimesjustforamusement.Somespeciesarestillcapturedinthewildforthelivepettrade,eventhough5numbersaredecreasing.The6(extinct)ofatleast500speciesofanimalshasbeencausedbyman,mostoftheminthiscentury.Todaythereareabout5,000endangeredanimalsandatleastonespeciesdiesouteveryyear.Thereareprobablymanymorewhichbecomeextinct7anyoneknowing.8mainthreatstospeciesthencanbecitedaspoaching(非法狩獵)，habitatlossandclimatechange.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNaturehasitsown"redlist”ofendangeredspecies9(range)from"leastconcern”throughto"criticallyendangered”.Itistheirassessment10wewillrefertohere.助讀詞匯extinctadj.extinctadj.滅絕的essentialsn.生活必需品assessmentn.評(píng)估m(xù)assdestruction大規(guī)模殺傷referto涉及capturevt.捕獲souvenirn.紀(jì)念品inharmonywith與和諧becitedas被稱為criticallyendangered極度瀕危三、佳作欣賞下面是一篇摘自全國(guó)英語(yǔ)高考書面表達(dá)的范文，文中有許多精彩且靈活的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，其中也包含有強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，用心體會(huì)其用法。Anoldmanfishedbytheriverandhewassoskillfulthatsoonhisbasketwasfulloffish.Alovelychildcamebyandtheoldmanwouldliketogiveallhisfishtohim,butthechildrejected.Surprised,themanaskedforthereasonandthechildsaid,"Iwouldliketotakeyourfishpole,becausethisbasketoffishwouldsoonbeeatenup,butwiththefishpole,IcancatchfishmyselfwheneverIwanttoeatfishallmylife.”Thelittlechildthoughtthathecouldgetfishjustwiththefishingtool,butactuallyitistheskilltofishthatisthekeytocountlessfish.Soratherthansimplytakethetools,weshouldalwayslearnthewayto“fish”inourlife.參考答案考點(diǎn)練透一、單句填空1.that2.that3.since4.when5.that6.before7.What8.where9.who10.what;that二、語(yǔ)法填空本文作者向我們介紹物種滅絕的原因以及瀕危動(dòng)物面臨的狀況。but空的前后是兩個(gè)分句，故填連接詞。根據(jù)兩句間的關(guān)系可知，此處存在一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but。they缺少主語(yǔ)填代詞。they在此指代前面的earlyhumans。wereinvented分析句子成分可知，動(dòng)詞invent作謂語(yǔ)，故只需要考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下語(yǔ)境可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去式‘invent與主語(yǔ)guns存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填一般過(guò)去式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)wereinvented正確。for表目的用介詞for?；蛘吒鶕?jù)下文andsometimesjustforamusement.Somespeciesarestillcapturedinthewildforthelivepettrade也可知。their分析句子成分可知numbers在此作主語(yǔ)，但這到底是"誰(shuí)的數(shù)量”？不清楚。所以需要填一個(gè)形容詞性物主代詞。此處their指前面的Somesp